List of locomotives in China

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A list of current and defunct locomotives in the People's Republic of China.

Steam locomotives

The first steam locomotive in China is thought to be a 2'6" gauge 0-4-0T engine used on the Shanghai-Wusong railway. Towards the end of the 19th century concessions obtained from the Qing dynasty enabled foreign powers (Germany, Russia, France and Great Britain) to build railways in China, and they introduced a variety of foreign-built machines. Later Japan gained control over Manchuria as a result of the Treaty of Portsmouth following the Russo-Japanese War and created the South Manchuria Railway from their acquisitions - resulting in Japanese as well as American locomotives being imported into the north-east of China.[1]

After the end of the Second World War China came back under indigenous rule. Locomotive were imported from both the United States and Russia as well as other Communist bloc countries.[1]

Production of steam locomotives continued into the late 20th century. However, steam motive power was supplanted by diesel and electric locomotives as early as the 1950s. The Chinese rail network has been increasingly electrified in the twentieth century.

Model Wheel arrangement Build year Builder Number built Notes Photo
DB1 2-6-4T 1907 ALCO
DB4 2-6-4ST 1892 Dübs and Company
DB5 2-6-4T 1911 Kitson and Company
ET6 0-8-0 1936~1938 North British Locomotive Company
ET7 0-8-0T ~1960 Fablok 90 Similar to the polish TKP T2D Silesia locomotives, for industrial use, not used on the main network
FD 2-10-2 1930s Voroshilovgrad 1034 Converted to standard gauge (1958-) from Russian FD class locomotives
GJ 0-6-0T 1958-61 Chengdu, Taiyuan 122 Designed at Dalian locomotive works, used in industrial lococations, and other shunting duties.
HS 4-6-4T Nasmyth Wilson
JF1 2-8-2 1918 ~ 1945 ALCO, Kawasaki, KSK, Nippon, Hitachi, SMR shops, Dalian, Sifang 2000>
JF2 2-8-2 1928 Shahekuo
JF3 2-8-2 1930 Škoda
JF6 2-8-2 1940
JF7 2-8-2 1931 North British Locomotive Company
JS 2-8-2 1957-65, 1981-88 Dalian works, Qishuyan works, Datong works, Beijing 7th Feb works 1916 Built in two tranches, revised version introduced in 1985. Many still remain on industrial lines and short lines.[when?]
KD3 2-8-0 1910 Beyer Peacock
KD4 2-8-0 1911–1919 Imported ROD 2-8-0
KD6 2-8-0 1942–1946 American Locomotive Company, Baldwin Locomotive Works, Lima Locomotive Works Imported USATC S160 Class
KD7 2-8-0 1946–1947 American Locomotive Company, Baldwin Locomotive Works, Lima Locomotive Works 160 Built in the USA and supplied to China by UNRRA in 1946.
KF 4-8-4 Vulcan Foundry (UK)
MG 2-6-0 North British Locomotive Company
MG1 2-6-0 1903–1916 North British Locomotive Company
MG3 2-6-0 1900–1903 Dübs and Company North British Locomotive Company
MG4 2-6-0 1919–1928 North British Locomotive Company
ML1 0-6-6-0 1908 North British Locomotive Company
PL 2-6-2ST/2-6-2T 1887–1910 Dübs and Company North British Locomotive Company
PL2 2-6-2
PL5 2-6-2ST 1887–1925 Dübs and Company North British Locomotive Company
PL6 2-6-2T 1915–1925 North British Locomotive Company
PL12 2-6-2T 1930 North British Locomotive Company
PL14 2-6-2T 1891–1896 North British Locomotive Company
PL20 2-6-2ST 1923–1927 North British Locomotive Company
QJ 2-10-2 1956-88 mostly Datong 4708 Became the primary freight locomotive in China from 1960s to 1980s
RM 4-6-2
SL5 4-6-2 1927 Shahekuo
SL6 4-6-2
SL7
Pashina		 4-6-2 Kawasaki / Dalian Used on the Asia Express train during Japanese control of the South Manchurian Railway, designated "SL7" under Chinese ownership
SL14 4-6-2 1903 North British Locomotive Company
SL16 4-6-2 1930 North British Locomotive Company
TH3 4-6-0 1903–1930 North British Locomotive Company
TH9 4-6-0 1910 Hawthorne Leslie
TH13 4-6-0 1931 Kitson and Company
SY 2-8-2 1960-1999 Many remain on industrial lines and short lines[when?]
XK2 0-6-0T 1942–1944 Davenport Locomotive Works, H.K. Porter, Inc., Vulcan Iron Works 20 Imported USATC S100 Class
XK13 0-6-0T <=1958=> Fablok Chrzanow (Poland) XK13-3858
YJ 2-6-2
Sources:[2]

Diesel locomotives

Diesel-hydraulic transmission

Diesel hydraulic locomotives type descriptions are prefixed either by the roman initials DFH (Diesel fuel, hydraulic) or NY (neiran yeli chuandong 内燃液力传动 also meaning diesel-hydraulic).[3] From the initials of the acronym DFH is derived from their phonetic sound the Chinese name "Dongfang Hong" meaning "Red East", matching the anthem of Communist China: "The East is Red" at the time of their introduction, as well as the well known observation of Chairman Mao Zedong that 'the east is red'. Usually DFH is used for internally produced locomotives and NY for imported or prototype machines.

Chinese made

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h) 		Power output
(kW) 		Builder Total production Photo
prototype NY1 "Weixing" 1959 140 1060 Sifang 4
DFH1 1964–1973 120(140) 1220(1060) Sifang 102
prototype NY2 "Flying Dragon",
(Simplified Chinese:"飞龙")		 1960 100 1470
(Diesel engine output)		 Dalian 1
DFH2 1971 - 1975 62 650 Ziyang 50
DFH3 1971–1989 120 1440 Sifang 268
DFH4 1969 160 3675 Sifang 1
1971–1974 140 3309 Qishuyan 2
1975–1981 ? 3309 Ziyang 3
DFH5 1976–1988 80 790 Ziyang
Sifang		 480~
DFH5B (3000系) 1985~ 80 920 Ziyang ~20
DFH5C (4000系) 1985~ 80 920 Ziyang 6
DFH6 1981 90 1470 Ziyang 1
DFH7 1988–1991 80 790 Ziyang 15
DFH21
(narrow gauge)		 1977–1984 50 810 Sifang 104
Beijing 6001 1970 100 4412
(Diesel engine output)		 Beijing Feb. 7th 1
Beijing 1971–1990 120 2206 Beijing Feb. 7th 361
Beijing
(coupling of double loco)		 1986–1990 120 2×2206 Beijing Feb. 7th 2×6

Imported

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h) 		Power output
(kW) 		Builder Total production Photo
NY5 1967 passenger: 160
freight: 120		 2940 Henschel, West Germany 4
NY6[4] 1972 108 3160 Henschel, West Germany 10
NY7[4] 1972 113 3680 Henschel, West Germany 20

Diesel-electric transmission

Chinese made

The Dongfeng (DF) series of diesel electric transmission locomotives is the most important in Chinese rail transport. The Dongfeng4 (DF4) is by far the most common locomotive to be seen on Chinese rails.

Model
(Former name) 		Build year Transmission Top speed (In maximum)
(km/h) 		Power output
(kW) 		Builder
(Family) 		Total production Photo
Jianshe
(Simplified Chinese:"建设")		 1958 DC - DC 85 441
(Diesel engine output)		 Beijing Feb. 7th 1
Xianxing
(Simplified Chinese:"先行")		 1958–1959 DC - DC 125 1471 Qishuyan 47
JuLong
巨龙 ('great dragon') 		1958 Dalian 1
DF
东风 (DongFeng 'East Wind')		 1964–1974 DC - DC 100 1500 USSR Dalian
Qishuyan
Chengdu
Datong		 706
DF2
(ND2)		 1964–1974 DC - DC 95 650 USSR Qishuyan 148
DF3 1972–1974 DC - DC 120 1050 USSR Dalian 226
DF4 1969–1985 AC - DC 100(freight)
120(passenger)		 1920 Dalian 843
DF4B 1985 - AC - DC 100(freight)
120(passenger)		 1985 Dalian
Ziyang
Datong
Sifang		 ≥4500
DF4C 1985 - AC - DC 100 2165 Dalian
Ziyang
Datong
Sifang		 838
DF4CK 1999 AC - DC 160 2165 Ziyang 2
DF4D(K)
(speedup version)		 1996－1999 AC - DC 145 2425 Dalian 580
DF4D(H)
(freight version)		 1998－? AC - DC 100 2425 Dalian 206
DF4D(Z)
(sub-highspeed version)		 1999－2007 AC - DC 170 2425 Dalian 333
DF4D(7000 Series)
(Radial bogie freight type)		 2000-2003 AC - DC 100 2425 Dalian
 21
DF4DJ
(DF4DAC)		 2000 AC - DC - AC 145 2510 Dalian
Siemens, Germany		 2
DF4DF 1999–2004 AC - DC 120 2425 Dalian 31
DF4DD
(shunting version)		 1999–2004 AC - DC 80 3180 EMD Dalian 230
DF4E 1995–1997 AC - DC 100 4860
(2×2430)		 Sifang 16
DF5 1976 - ? AC - DC 80 1213 EMD Tangshan
EMD-Sifang		 1014
DF5G 2001 — 2006 AC - DC 100 1213 EMD-Sifang 132
DF5B ? AC - DC 100 1500 EMD Dalian 36
DF5BG ? AC - DC 100 1500 EMD Dalian ?
DF5C 1994–1998年
1998 -		 AC - DC 100 1320
2000
(Diesel engine output)		 EMD-Sifang ?
DF5D 1999 - ? AC - DC 80 1200 EMD Dalian 180
DF6 1989 AC - DC 118 2425 GE Dalian 4
DF7 1982–1990 AC - DC 100 1470 USSR Beijing Feb. 7th 295
DF7B 1990 - ? AC - DC 100 1840 EMD Beijing Feb. 7th 215
DF7C 1991–2001 AC - DC 100 1840/1470 EMD Beijing Feb. 7th 289
DF7D 1995–1998 AC - DC 100 1500
(Diesel engine output)		 Beijing Feb. 7th 214
DF7E 1998 AC - DC 100 2000
(Diesel engine output)		 EMD Beijing Feb. 7th 2
DF7F 2000 AC - DC 100 2650
(Diesel engine output)		 EMD Beijing Feb. 7th ?
DF7G 2003 - AC - DC 100 2200
(Diesel engine output)		 EMD Beijing Feb. 7th
EMD-Sifang		 347
DF7J 2004 AC - DC - AC 100 2200
(Diesel engine output)		 EMD Beijing Feb. 7th 1
DF8 1984–1990 AC - DC 100 3310 Qishuyan 141
DF8B 1997 - ? AC - DC 100 3100 EMD Qishuyan
Ziyang		 1013
DF8BJ "West Light"
(Simplified Chinese:"西部之光")		 2002 AC - DC - AC 120 4000 Ziyang 1
DF8CJ "Sunlight"
(Simplified Chinese:"霞光")		 2002 AC - DC - AC 120 3650 EMD Qishuyan 3
DF8DJ
(DF8B 5672)		 2003 AC - DC - AC 120 3350 Ziyang 1
DF9 1991 AC - DC 170 3040 Qishuyan 2 File:China Railways DF9 20070217.jpg
DF10 ? AC - DC 100 2×1600 Dalian 1
DF10C 1995 AC - DC 160 2×2130
(Diesel engine output)		 Dalian 1
DF10D ? AC - DC 120 2×1600 Dalian 1
DF10DD 2003 - AC - DC 100 2200
(Diesel engine output)		 EMD Dalian 262
DF10F 1996–1998 AC - DC 160 2×2200
(Diesel engine output)		 Dalian 6
DF11 1992–2005 AC - DC 170 3040 Qishuyan 460
DF11G 2003－ AC - DC 170 6080
(2×3040)		 EMD Qishuyan 79
DF11Z 2002 AC - DC 160 6080
(2×3040)		 Qishuyan 4
DF12 1997–2001 AC - DC 100 1990 EMD Ziyang ?
DF21
(narrow gauge)		 ? AC - DC 60 1500
(Diesel engine output)		 Sifang 11
NJ1 1999 AC - DC - AC 80 1320
(Diesel engine output)		 EMD-Sifang 3
HXN3
"Harmony"		 2008 - AC - DC - AC 120 4700 Dalian
EMD, United States		 332
HXN3B
"Harmony"		 2012 - AC - DC - AC 100 3500 EMD Dalian ≥160
HXN3K
"Harmony"		 2016 - AC - DC - AC 160 EMD Dalian
HXN5
"Harmony"		 2008 - AC - DC - AC 120 4660 Qishuyan
GE, United States		 700
HXN5B
"Harmony"		 2012 - AC - DC - AC 100 3530 GE Qishuyan ≥160
HXN5K
"Harmony"		 2016 - AC - DC - AC 160 GE Qishuyan
Sources[5][6]

Imported

Model Build year Transmission Top speed (In maximum)
（km/h） 		Power output
（kW） 		Builder
(Family) 		Total production Photo
ND1 1958;1965 DC - DC 80 440 Hungary Ganz
(Hungarian State Railways Class M44)		 26
ND2 1972–1987 DC - DC 120 1280 Electroputere, Romania Craiova
(CFR 060DA)		 284
ND3 1985 DC - DC 100 1540 Electroputere, Romania Craiova 88
ND4 1973–1975 AC - DC 100 2150 Alstom, France 50
ND5 1984－1986 AC - DC 118 2550 GE, United States
(GE C36-7)		 422
NJ2 2005–2006 AC - DC - AC 120 3800 GE, United States 78

Electric locomotives

AC-DC transmission

Shaoshan (SS) (Chinese: 韶山) series

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
（km/h） 		Power output
（kW） 		Builder Total production Photo
SS1
(6Y1)		 1958–1988 90 3780 USSR Zhuzhou 826
SS2 1969 100 4620 Zhuzhou 1
SS3 1978–1993 100 4320 Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Datong		 677
SS3(4000) 1992–2006 100 4320 Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Datong
Taiyuan		 733
SS3B
(coupling of double loco)		 2003–2006? 100 2×4320 Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Datong		 333
SS3C 2008 100 2×4800 Taiyuan 1
SS4 1985–2003 100 2×3200 Zhuzhou 158
SS4G 1993–2007 100 2×3200 Zhuzhou
Ziyang
Dalian
Datong		 1347
SS4B 1995–2006 100 2×3200 Zhuzhou 130
SS4C 1997 100 2×3200 Zhuzhou 2
SS5 1991 140 3200 Zhuzhou 2
SS6 1990–1992 100 4800 Zhuzhou 53
SS6B 1992—? 100 4800 Zhuzhou 148
SS7 1992–2007 100 4800 Datong 113
SS7B 1997 100 4800 Datong 2
SS7C 1998–2006 120 4800 Datong 171
SS7D 1999–2002 170 4800 Datong 59
SS7E 2001–2006 170 4800 Datong
Dalian		 146
SS8 1994–2001 170 3600 Zhuzhou 245
SS9 1998–2002 170 4800 Zhuzhou 43
SS9G 2002–2006 170 4800 SLM, Wintertur, ABB, Zhuzhou 171

Imported

Model Build year Top speed (In maximum)
（km/h） 		Power output
（kW） 		Builder
(Family) 		Total production Photo
6Y2 1958–1961 101 4740 Alstom, France
（SNCF Class CC 7100）		 25
6G1 1971 120 5100 Romania
（CFR Class 40）		 2
6G 1973 112 5400 Alstom, France 40
6K 1986–1987 100 5100 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Japan
（JNR Class EF66、JNR Class ED75）		 85
8G 1987–1990 100 2×3200 Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant, USSR
（ВЛ80）		 100 File:Nevz8g1.jpeg
8K 1987 100 2×3200 50 Hz-Group: Alsthom, Siemens, BBC and others 150

AC-DC-AC transmission

Both post 2000 introductions of asynchronous AC motor driven locomotives and high speed trains based on technology transfer arrangements with other countries have been given the common name "Harmony" series. Ministry of Railways deputy chief engineer Zhang Shuguang explained that the name was to represent energy efficiency and good environmental credentials as well as indicating smooth running of complicated systems.[7] Vehicles of the 'Harmony' series have an "H" in their type descriptions.

Model Build year Top speed
(In maximum)
(km/h) 		Power output
(kW) 		Builder
(Family) 		Total production Photo
AC4000 1996 120 4000 Zhuzhou 1
DJ "Jiufang"
(Simplified Chinese:"九方")		 2000 200 4800 Zhuzhou 2
DJ1 2000–2001 120 6400 Zhuzhou
Siemens, Germany		 20
DJ2 "Olympic Stars"
(Simplified Chinese:"奥星")		 2001 200 4800 Zhuzhou 3 [8]
Tiansuo or "Sky Shuttle"
(Simplified Chinese:"天梭")		 2003 200 4800 Datong 1 [9]
HXD1
(DJ4)		 2006–2010 120 9600 (2×4800) Zhuzhou
Siemens, Germany		 220
HXD1.1[10] 2012– 120 9600 (2×4800) Zhuzhou ≥440 [11]
HXD1.6[10] 2012- 120 9600 (2×4800) Ziyang ≥80 [12]
HXD1.7[13] 2013– 120 9600 (2×4800) / 14400 (3×4800) Zhuzhou
Bombardier		 8/2 [14]
HXD1.7[13] 2013– 120 9600 (2x4800) Zhuzhou
Bombardier		 190 File:深度国产化的HXD1型7056号机车.jpg
HXD1B 2009–2011 120 9600 Siemens Zhuzhou 650
HXD1C 2009 - 120 7200 Siemens Zhuzhou
Ziyang		 1207 File:HXD1C.jpg
HXD1D 2012 - 160 7200 Zhuzhou 511
HXD1F 2014 100 9600 (2×4800) Zhuzhou 2 [15]
HXD1G 2015 - 210 11200 Zhuzhou 2
HXD2
(DJ4-6000)		 2006–2008 120 10000 (2×5000) Alstom, France
Datong		 180
HXD2.1[16] 2012- 120 10000 (2×5000) Datong
Bombardier		 ≥280
HXD2.6[16] 2014- 120 10000 (2×5000) Dalian 40 [17]
HXD2.7[16] 2012- 120 10000 (2×5000) Datong
Bombardier		 50 [18]
HXD2B 2009–2011 120 9600 Alstom, France
Datong		 500 File:HXD2B-0416.jpg[19]
HXD2C 2010–2011 120 7200 Datong ≥220[20][21][22]
HXD2D 2013 - 160 7200 Datong 1 [23]
HXD2F 2014 100 9600 (2×4800) Datong 2 [24]
HXD2G 2015 - 200 12800 (2×6400) Datong 1
HXD3
(SSJ3, DJ3, SL1)		 2003–2010 120 7200 Alstom
Dalian
Datong
Beijing Feb. 7th		 1080
HXD3A 2014 120 9600 (2×4800) Dalian
Bombardier		 2 [25]
HXD3B 2009–2011 120 9600 Dalian
Bombardier		 500

HXD3C 2010 - 120 7200 Dalian 1300
HXD3D 2012 - 160 7200 Dalian 521[26]
HXD3G 2015 - 210 12800 (2×6400) Dalian 1

References

  1. ^ a b Duncan Cotterill. "Railography : A Brief History of Standard Gauge Steam in China". www.railography.co.uk.
  2. ^ Duncan Cotterill. "Railography : Chinese Steam Locomotive Profiles". www.railography.co.uk.
  3. ^ Chinese diesel locomotives, sections "prefixes" , www.railwaysofchina.com
  4. ^ a b "CLASSES NY6 AND NY7 HENSCHEL DIESEL-HYDRAULICS OF 4,600 AND 5,600 HP FOR FREIGHT SERVICES IN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA - TRB Publications Index". pubsindex.trb.org. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  5. ^ Robin J Gibbons. "Chinese diesel locomotives". www.railwaysofchina.com.
  6. ^ 东风、东风2、东风3型内燃机车. www.kepu.net.cn (in Chinese). 铁道馆_中国科普博览, 中国科学院计算机网络信息中心. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ 第六次大提速货车技术提升 速度可达120多公里 , 2007 , www.china.com.cn
  8. ^ "Image: 20080606021606312.jpg, (600 × 331 px)". csrgc.com.cn. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  9. ^ "Image: 9982_tiansuo.gif, (551 × 339 px)". dtloco.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  10. ^ a b zh:和谐1型电力机车
  11. ^ "Image: tn_cn-csr-zhuzhou-hxd1-updated_e8138d75bb.jpg, (362 × 269 px)". railwaygazette.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  12. ^ "Image: 20130111_97a35de2e32db1c76de2p1lBovkSAwE7.jpg, (405 × 605 px)". n2.hk. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  13. ^ a b 神华新型八轴大功率交流电力机车上线试运行. 国务院国资委. 2013-01-17 [2013-01-15].
  14. ^ "Image: 5148da4ejw1dzrwd6epf2j.jpg, (707 × 287 px)". ww2.sinaimg.cn. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  15. ^ "Image: a3913417jw1eixy3edo6rj20nq0hstbj.jpg, (440 × 329 px)". ww4.sinaimg.cn. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  16. ^ a b c zh:和谐2型电力机车
  17. ^ "Image: 161816dznbg519j1jjugju.jpg.thumb.jpg, (338 × 600 px)". file-rail-bbs.railcn.net. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  18. ^ "Image: 635322054385165000.jpg, (1000 × 747 px)". chinacnr.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  19. ^ "Image: 20118181313656542109_9.jpg, (3636 × 2028 px)". dt.chinacnr.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  20. ^ zh:HXD2C型电力机车
  21. ^ 大同7200千瓦电力机车项目. 江苏常牵庞巴迪牵引系统有限公司. [2012-09-15].
  22. ^ 中国北车大连所公司HXD2C电力机车NECT牵引及网络控制系统通过技术评审. 中国北车大连所公司.2011-03-23 [2012-09-15].
  23. ^ "Image: 1516199twfxkwwoukwy15z.jpg, (1024 × 684 px)". file-fans-bbs.railcn.net. 2013-09-14. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  24. ^ "Image: 635533848823218750.jpg, (554 × 369 px)". en.chinacnr.com. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  25. ^ "Image: 1732025nn5pyc10d5v5vi0.jpg, (861 × 646 px)". file-fans-bbs.railcn.net. Retrieved 2015-09-06.
  26. ^ zh:和谐3D型电力机车

External links

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