Sandwich: Difference between revisions
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A '''sandwich''' is a [[food]] item consisting of two or more slices of [[bread]] with one or more fillings between them,<ref name="boston.com">Abelson, Jenn. [http://www.boston.com/business/articles/2006/11/10/arguments_spread_thick/ "Arguments spread thick"]. ''[[The Boston Globe]]'', November 10, 2006. Accessed 27 May 2009.</ref> or one slice of bread with a topping or toppings, commonly called an [[open sandwich]]. Sandwiches are a widely popular type of food, typically taken to work or school, or [[picnic]]s to be eaten as part of a [[packed lunch]]. They generally contain a combination of salad vegetables, meat, cheese, and a variety of sauces. The bread can be used as is, or it can be coated with [[butter]], [[vegetable oil|oil]], [[mustard (condiment)|mustard]] or other [[condiment]]s to enhance flavor and texture. They are widely sold in restaurants and cafes. |
A '''sandwich''' is a [[food]] item consisting of two or more slices of [[bread]] with one or more fillings between them,<ref name="boston.com">Abelson, Jenn. [http://www.boston.com/business/articles/2006/11/10/arguments_spread_thick/ "Arguments spread thick"]. ''[[The Boston Globe]]'', November 10, 2006. Accessed 27 May 2009.</ref> or one slice of bread with a topping or toppings, commonly called an [[open sandwich]]. Sandwiches are a widely popular type of food, typically taken to work or school, or [[picnic]]s to be eaten as part of a [[packed lunch]]. They generally contain a combination of salad vegetables, meat, cheese, and a variety of sauces. The bread can be used as is, or it can be coated with [[butter]], [[vegetable oil|oil]], [[mustard (condiment)|mustard]] or other [[condiment]]s to enhance flavor and texture. They are widely sold in restaurants and cafes. |
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NOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOM. yummy!!!!! |
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==History== |
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[[Image:Italian Sandwich.jpeg|right|thumb|170px|An Italian sandwich]] |
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[[Image:Sandwich9200280.jpg|right|thumb|170px|English Sandwiches]] |
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Bread has been eaten with other food since its creation in [[Neolithic]] times. For example, the ancient [[Judaism|Jewish]] sage [[Hillel the Elder]] is said to have wrapped meat from the [[Korban Pesach|Paschal lamb]] and [[maror|bitter herbs]] between two pieces of [[matzah]] (or flat, unleavened bread) during [[Passover]],<ref>''[[Bavli]]'' ''[[Pesachim]]'' 115a; See also Passover Hagadah</ref> but the concept of a '''sandwich''' (as opposed to a ''[[Sandwich wrap|wrap]]'') is more recent. During the [[Middle Ages]], thick slabs of coarse and usually stale bread, called "trenchers", were used as plates. After a meal, the food-soaked trencher was fed to a dog or to beggars, or eaten by the diner. Trenchers were as much the harbingers of [[Open sandwich|open-face sandwiches]]<ref name="What's Cooking America">[http://whatscookingamerica.net/History/SandwichHistory.htm What's Cooking America], ''Sandwiches, History of Sandwiches''. [[February 2]], [[2007]].</ref> as they were of disposable dishware. The immediate cultural precursor with a direct connection to the English sandwich was to be found in the [[Netherlands]] of the [[17th century]], where the naturalist [[John Ray]] observed<ref>Ray, ''Observations topographical, moral, & physiological; made in a journey through part of the Low Countries, Germany, Italy, and France...'' (vol. I, 1673) quoted in [[Simon Schama]], ''The Embarrassment of Riches'' (1987:152).</ref> that in the taverns beef hung from the rafters "which they cut into thin slices and eat with bread and butter laying the slices upon the butter"— explanatory specifications that reveal the Dutch ''belegde broodje'' was as yet unfamiliar in England. |
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If it was initially perceived as food men shared while gaming and drinking at night, the sandwich slowly began appearing in polite society as a late-night meal among the [[aristocracy]]. The sandwich's popularity in [[Spain]] and [[England]] increased dramatically during the [[19th century]], when the rise of an industrial society and the [[working class]]es made fast, portable, and inexpensive meals essential.<ref name=encyc>''Encyclopedia of Food and Culture'', Solomon H. Katz, editor (Charles Scribner's Sons: New York) 2003</ref> |
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It was at the same time that the sandwich finally began to appear outside of Europe. In the [[United States]], the sandwich was first promoted as an elaborate meal at supper. By the early [[20th century]], as bread became a [[Staple food|staple]] of the [[United States|American]] diet, the sandwich became the same kind of popular, quick meal as was widespread in the [[Mediterranean diet|Mediterranean]].<ref name=encyc/> |
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===Etymology=== |
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The first written usage of the English word appeared in [[Edward Gibbon]]'s journal, in longhand, referring to "bits of cold meat" as a 'Sandwich'.<ref>The ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'' gives its appearance as 1762.</ref> It was named after [[John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich]], an [[18th-century]] English [[aristocracy|aristocrat]], although he was neither the inventor nor sustainer of the food. It is said that he ordered his valet to bring him meat tucked between two pieces of bread, and because Montagu also happened to be the Fourth Earl of Sandwich, others began to order ''"the same as Sandwich!"''<ref name="What's Cooking America"/> It is said that Lord Sandwich was fond of this form of food because it allowed him to continue playing cards, particularly [[cribbage]], while eating without getting his cards greasy from eating meat with his bare hands.<ref name="What's Cooking America"/> |
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The rumour in its familiar form appeared in [[Pierre-Jean Grosley]]'s ''Londres'' (Neichatel, 1770), translated as ''A Tour to London'' 1772;<ref>Grosley, ''Londres'' (Neuchatel, 1770) and ''A Tour to London, or, New observations on England and its inhabitants, translated from the French by Thomas Nugent'' (London: Printed for Lockyer Davis) 1772; [http://www.faktoider.nu/sandwich.html Hexmasters Faktoider: Sandwich]: English quotes from Grosley 1772</ref> Grosley's impressions had been formed during a year in London, 1765. The sober alternative is provided by Sandwich's biographer, [[N. A. M. Rodger]], who suggests Sandwich's commitments to the navy, to politics and the arts mean the first sandwich was more likely to have been consumed at his desk. |
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==Usage== |
==Usage== |
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Revision as of 21:50, 11 November 2009
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A sandwich is a food item consisting of two or more slices of bread with one or more fillings between them,[1] or one slice of bread with a topping or toppings, commonly called an open sandwich. Sandwiches are a widely popular type of food, typically taken to work or school, or picnics to be eaten as part of a packed lunch. They generally contain a combination of salad vegetables, meat, cheese, and a variety of sauces. The bread can be used as is, or it can be coated with butter, oil, mustard or other condiments to enhance flavor and texture. They are widely sold in restaurants and cafes.
NOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOMNOM. yummy!!!!!
Usage
The term sandwich is occasionally used (informally) in reference to open-faced sandwiches; these normally consist of a single slice of bread topped with meat, salad vegetables, and various condiments, and differs from a normal sandwich in having a single slice of bread instead of two, with toppings instead of a filling.[2] The open-faced sandwich also has a history differing from that of the true sandwich, having originated between the 6th and 16th centuries, with stale slices of bread used as plates called "Trenchers" (whereas its relative, the modern sandwich, traces its roots to the Earl of Sandwich instead),[3] In the United States, a court in Boston, Massachusetts ruled that "sandwich" includes at least two slices of bread. [1] and "under this definition and as dictated by common sense, this court finds that the term "sandwich" is not commonly understood to include burritos, tacos, and quesadillas, which are typically made with a single tortilla and stuffed with a choice filling of meat, rice, and beans."[4] The issue was whether a restaurant which sold burritos could move into a shopping center where another restaurant had a no-compete clause in its lease prohibiting other "sandwich" shops.
The verb to sandwich has the meaning to position anything between two other things of a different character, or to place different elements alternately[5], and the noun has other meanings derived from this more general definition.
The word "butty" is often used in Northern areas of the United Kingdom as a synonym for "sandwich," particularly in the name of certain kinds of sandwiches such as a chip butty, bacon butty, or sausage butty. The Southern areas of the UK use the word "sarnie" in the same respects.
List of regional sandwich styles
Some of these are distinguished primarily by the bread or method of preparation, rather than the filling.
- Bacon sandwich—Primarily popular in the UK. Sandwich made from strips of bacon.
- Banh Mi—Vietnam
- Barros Jarpa—Chile, melted cheese and fried ham
- Barros Luco—Chile, melted cheese and thin fried beef
- Bauru—Brazil, melted cheese and roast beef
- BLT -UK/USA, bacon, lettuce, and tomato
- Breakfast Roll UK & Ireland
- Bun Kabab—Pakistan
- Butterbrot—Germany, Graubrot (grey bread)
- Caprese—mozzarella, tomato, fresh basil
- Cheesesteak—Philadelphia, sandwich made from strips of steak and cheese, sometimes with peppers and onions
- Chimichurris—Dominican Republic, a sandwich made from pork, beef, and sometimes chicken with mayonnaise/ketchup sauce and cabbage.
- Chipped ham—USA (Pittsburgh, PA—made popular by the Isaly's Dairy Store chain)
- Chip butty—UK, chips
- Chivito—Uruguay, steak, ham, and cheese
- Choripán—Argentina, Uruguay and Chile, grilled chorizo
- Club sandwich—USA primarily, variety of fillings
- Crisp sandwich—global, uses crisps/potato chips in situ
- Croque-monsieur—France, ham and cheese
- Cuban sandwich—Cuba/South Florida, ham, Swiss cheese and roasted pork
- Cucumber sandwich—England afternoon tea classic
- Dagwood sandwich—USA, distinguished by size more than contents
- Döner kebab—Turkey, doner kebab served in pita bread or half of a loaf of bread
- Elvis sandwich—USA, fried sandwich containing peanut butter, bananas, and sometimes bacon
- Falafel—typically served in pita bread
- Fat Sandwich—USA, submarine type sandwich filled with an array of different foods including French fries, mozzarella sticks, chicken fingers, jalapeño poppers, and pizza bites.
- Fluffernutter, New England variation on peanut butter and jelly
- Francesinha—Portugal, made with wet-cured ham, linguiça, other sausages and meat, covered with molten cheese and beer sauce
- Grilled cheese sandwich-USA, British Commonwealth (as Cheese Toastie), fried or broiled sandwich consisting of melted cheese between slices of buttered bread.
- Gyros-pita or Souvlaki-pita—Greece, meat in pita bread
- Hamburger—USA, ground meat patty in a round bun
- Hero sandwich—New York, sub
- Hoagie—Pennsylvania, South Jersey, Delaware, similar to sub, uses olive oil
- Horseshoe sandwich—Springfield, IL, an open sandwich topped with French fries and cheese sauce
- Hot Brown—USA (Kentucky)
- Hotdog—Sausage in an oblong bun (origins disputed)
- Italian beef—thin slices of seasoned roast beef, dripping with meat juices, on a dense, long Italian-style roll, believed to have originated in Chicago, where its history dates back at least to the 1930s
- Kummelweck—Buffalo, New York colloquially "beef on weck", roast beef and horseradish on a Kaiser roll topped with pretzel salt and caraway seeds
- Manwich—USA, a sandwich characterized by meat that exceeds the size of the bread, usually made with some sort of beef
- Melt sandwich, Tuna melt, Patty melt, etc.—filling includes melted cheese
- Monte Cristo sandwich—USA, based on fried bread
- Montreal Smoked meat—Canada/Quebec
- Mother-in-law sandwich—Chicagoland fast food staple that features a Mississippi tamale nestled in a hot dog bun and smothered with chili
- Muffuletta—New Orleans, based on Sicilian bread
- Panini—Italy, refers to type of bread
- Pastrami on rye—Classic of the Jewish deli
- Peanut butter and jelly sandwich
- Ploughmans A popular UK sandwich compromising of cheese, pickle, tomato, lettuce and onion
- Printzesa-(Princess) Bulgarian. Slice of bread with ground pork/veal, kashkaval, feta or combination and broiled
- Po' boy (literally "poor boy")—USA/New Orleans, similar to sub
- Porilainen—Finland, a bread with thick slice of sausage
- Reuben sandwich—USA, sauerkraut with Swiss cheese and corned beef or pastrami
- Roti john—A variation of sandwich that is very popular in Singapore and Malaysia
- Sandwich loaf—USA, a large multi-layer sandwich made to look like a cake
- Sandwiches de miga—Argentina
- Shaobing Youtiao- China
- Shawarma—a Middle Eastern-style sandwich usually composed of shaved lamb, goat, and/or turkey, rolled inside a taboon bread.
- Slopper-USA, hamburger smothered in red or green chile
- Sloppy Joe—USA, based on ground beef and flavorings
- Smörgåstårta—Sweden, variety of "sandwich cake"
- Steamed Sandwich—USA/Kentucky
- Submarine sandwich or sub—USA
- Tea sandwich—small sandwiches for afternoon tea
- Tramezzino - an Italian take on the tea sandwich
- Toasted sandwich
- Torta—Mexico
- Vada pav—India
- Vegemite— A sandwich with butter and vegemite often with slices of cheese.
Gallery
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French bread sandwich with chips/fries. -
Sandwich making -
A Philly cheese steak, a type of submarine sandwich. -
Example of uncommonly large sandwich. Weight approx. 2lbs., total.
References
- ^ a b Abelson, Jenn. "Arguments spread thick". The Boston Globe, November 10, 2006. Accessed 27 May 2009.
- ^ http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/sandwich?view=uk
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
What's Cooking Americawas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ White City Shopping Ctr., LP v. PR Rests., LLC, 21 Mass. L. Rep. 565 (Mass. Super. Ct. 2006)
- ^ The Oxford English Dictionary
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sandwich.
- The British Sandwich Association
- Scanwich - Scanned Sandwiches for Education and Delight—Blog documenting different types of sandwiches available in New York City by scanning their cross-sections
