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{{Infobox Automobile
{{Infobox Automobile
| name = Honda Insight
| name = Honda Insight
| image = [[File:2010 Honda Insight LX -- 10-03-2009.jpg|250px]]
| image = [[Image:HondaInsight.jpg|250px|ddd]]
| manufacturer = [[Honda]]
| manufacturer = [[Honda]]
| parent_company =
| parent_company =

Revision as of 14:27, 16 May 2010

Honda Insight
ddd
Overview
ManufacturerHonda
Production1999–2006
2008–present
Model years2000–2006
2010–present
AssemblySuzuka, Mie, Japan
Body and chassis
ClassSubcompact car (2000–2006)
Compact car (2010–present)
Body style3-door hatchback (2000–2006)
5-door hatchback (2010–present)
LayoutFront-engine, front-wheel drive

The Honda Insight is a hybrid electric vehicle manufactured by Honda and the first production vehicle to feature Honda's Integrated Motor Assist system. The first-generation Insight was produced from 1999 to 2006 as a three-door hatchback.[1][2]

Honda introduced the second-generation Insight in its home nation of Japan in February 2009, with releases in other markets expected through 2009. The new Insight went on sale in the U.S. on March 24, 2009.[3] At $19,800 as a five-door hatchback it is the least expensive hybrid available in the US.[4] The Insight is listed on Honda's UK website with prices starting at £15,490 (otr). Honda's Insight, billed as the cheapest gas-electric hybrid on the market, ranked as the top-selling vehicle in Japan for April 2009, the first time a hybrid has clinched that spot.[5] During its first year on the global market, the second-generation Insight sold 143,015 units, falling short of the 200,000 sales target set by Honda when it was launched.[6]

First generation (2000–2006)

First generation
First generation Honda Insight
Overview
Model years2000–2006
AssemblySuzuka, Mie, Japan
Body and chassis
ClassSubcompact car
Body style3-door hatchback
Powertrain
EngineHonda Hybrid System
Gasoline: 1 L ECA series I3 (995 cc (60.7 cu in)) lean-burn 12-valve SOHC
67 hp (50 kW)
Electric: 144 V
10 kW (13 hp)
ULEV/SULEV
Transmission5-speed manual
CVT (2001–2006)
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,400 mm (94 in)
Length3,945 mm (155.3 in)
Width1,695 mm (66.7 in)
Height1,355 mm (53.3 in)
Curb weightManual w/o AC 838 kg (1,847 lb)
Manual w/ AC 852 kg (1,878 lb)
CVT w/ AC 891 kg (1,964 lb)
Chronology
SuccessorHonda Insight (second generation)
Honda CR-Z

History

Based on the Honda J-VX concept car unveiled at the 1997 Tokyo Motor Show, the Insight was first introduced in Japan market in November 1999 [7] and was the first production vehicle to feature Honda's Integrated Motor Assist system. In the following month, December 1999, Insight became the first hybrid available in North America, beating Toyota's Prius by seven months.[8] It featured optimized aerodynamics and a lightweight aluminum structure to maximize fuel efficiency and minimize emissions.

Total global sales for the first generation Insight were 17,020 units.[7]

Design

Honda Insight rear

The Honda Insight was a subcompact hatchback 3,945 mm (155.3 in) in length with a wheelbase of 2,400 mm (94.5 in) a height of 1,355 mm (53.3 in) and a width of 1,695 mm (66.7 in). The Insight was only available as a two-seater. Only three different trims were available: a manual transmission without air-conditioning, a manual transmission with automatic climate-control system, and a continuously variable transmission (CVT) with automatic climate-control system. Although produced until 2006, the only major change was the introduction of a trunk mounted, front controlled, multiple CD changer.

One key in increasing the vehicle's fuel efficiency was reducing the mass via the extensive use of aluminum and plastic. Honda built the Insight with aluminum front brake calipers and rear brake drums; the fuel tank was plastic; the engine mounts were aluminum; and the exhaust was a small, thin wall pipe.[9] The Insight weighed 1,847 lb (838 kg) in manual transmission form or 1,964 lb (891 kg) with CVT and air conditioning. The combination of materials and design gave the Insight body structure 13 percent more bending strength and 38 percent more torsional rigidity than a comparably-sized steel body, despite weighing 40 percent less.

The New York Times wrote that the Insight's styling "suggested Popeye's pal, Olive Oyl, in her ankle-length dress. The rear fender skirts seemed frumpy."[10]

Technology

Honda Insight IMA

The gasoline engine is a 67 hp (50 kW; 68 PS), 1-liter, ECA series 3-cylinder unit providing lean burn operation with an air fuel ratio that can reach 25.8 to 1.[11] The electrical motor assist adds another 10 kW (13 hp) and a maximum of 25 pound-feet (33.9 Nm) of torque when called on. It also acts as a generator during deceleration and braking to recharge the vehicle's batteries, and as the Insight's starter motor.[12] (This both improves fuel efficiency and also extends the lifetime of brakes). When the car is not moving, for example, at a stop light, the engine shuts off. The digital displays on the dashboard display fuel consumption instantaneously. On the manual transmission up and down arrows suggest when to shift gears. The Insight uses the first generation of Honda's Integrated Motor Assist (IMA) hybrid technology. (The next generation, used in the Honda Civic Hybrid, is much more space-efficient.) The Insight has a 3-cylinder 1.0 L (61 cu in) engine and an ultrathin (about 2.5 inches) brushless 10-kW electric motor located on the crankshaft.[9] The engine utilizes lightweight aluminum, magnesium, and plastic to minimize weight.[12] Located behind the seats are a series of commercial grade "D" sized NiMH batteries wired to provide a nominal 144 V DC. During heavy acceleration, up to 100 amps are pulled from the NiMH batteries, the electric motor provides additional power; during deceleration, the motor acts as a generator and recharges the batteries using a process called regenerative braking, charging them with up to 50 Amps of current. A computer control module regulates how much power comes from the internal combustion engine, and how much from the electric motor; in the CVT variant, it also finds the optimal gear ratio. Dashboard gauges monitor the current battery, instantaneous fuel consumption and mode of the electric motor — standby, engine assist or charging the batteries. High pressure, low rolling resistance tires and the use of low viscosity "0W-20" synthetic oil both enhance fuel economy.

The original Insight had a conventional manual transmission. Starting with the 2001 model, a CVT variant of the Insight was available; the CVT is similar to that used in the Honda Civic Hybrid and the Honda Logo. A feature shared by the two hybrids (and now appearing in others) is the ability to automatically turn off the engine when the vehicle is at a stop (and restart it upon movement). Since it is more powerful than most starters of conventional cars, the Insight's electric motor can start the engine nearly instantaneously. The Integrated Motor Assist is run by an "Intelligent Power Unit (IPU)", a desktop computer-sized box. The Intelligent Power Unit, the Power control Unit, the Electronic Control Unit, the vehicle's batteries, converter and a high-voltage inverter are all located under the cargo floor of the vehicle, behind the seats.[9]

To maximize fuel efficiency, the Insight was very aerodynamic. The Insight had one of the lowest coefficients of drag of any marketed automobile, giving it a coefficient of 0.25. The Insight was available with a manual transmission or a continuously variable transmission. A traditional transmission shifts between a fixed set of engine-to-wheel ratios; however, a CVT allows for an infinite set of ratios between its lowest gear and its highest. The CVT-equipped Insight was classified as a super-low emissions vehicle.[13] The Insight features low emissions: the California Air Resources Board gave the 5-speed model a ULEV rating, and the CVT model earned a SULEV rating – 5-speed model charismatic lean-burn ability was a trade-off for increased efficiency at the expense of slightly higher NOx emissions.

Manufacturing

The Insight was assembled at the Honda factory in Suzuka, Japan,[14] where the Honda NSX and the Honda S2000 were also assembled. The Insight and the NSX are aluminum-bodied, while the S2000 employs a steel body.

At the 2003 Tokyo Motor Show, Honda introduced the concept car Honda IMAS, an extremely fuel-efficient and lightweight hybrid car made of aluminum and carbon fiber, which was perceived by most observers to be the future direction where the Insight is heading.

Having aluminum body and frame, Insight was an expensive car to produce and was never designed for high-volume sales.[15] Instead it was designed to be a real world test car for hybrid technology and a gauge to new consumer driving habits. With an aerodynamic fuel-saving shape similar to Audi A2, and some unconventional body colors it was a bit more than mainstream car buyers could handle, preferring more conservative styles.[16] Company sold fewer than 2,000 Insights in 2005, and fewer than 1,000 through September 2006[17] when the first generation Insight production was officially ended. Production halt was announced in May 2006, along with plans to replace Insight with a new hybrid car, smaller than the eighth generation Civic, but not earlier than in 2009.[2] Ahead of this announcement, Honda stopped selling Insight in the UK, for example, as early as December 2005.[18] While year-round production of the Insight stopped in 2006, limited production would continue as necessary through the end of 2006, presumably for parts.[16]

To fill in the market niche void, in 2002 Honda rolled out a hybrid version of the Honda Civic – Honda Civic Hybrid, followed by Toyota's relaunch of the Prius in 2003.

US market

The Insight was the first mass-produced hybrid automobile sold in the United States, achieving 70 miles per US gallon (3.4 L/100 km; 84 mpg‑imp) per its then current United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) highway rating.[19] Insight was introduced in US at a base price of just US$18,880.[12] Other hybrids soon followed, with the Toyota Prius arriving in June 2000.

Fuel efficiency

The car remained the most fuel efficient machine available in the U.S. while it was produced and is still the leader of any current mass market car.[19] The Insight earned an EPA fuel efficiency estimate of 70 miles per US gallon (3.4 L/100 km; 84 mpg‑imp) in highway driving, 61 mpg‑US (3.9 L/100 km; 73 mpg‑imp) city. With air conditioning it was 66 mpg‑US (3.6 L/100 km; 79 mpg‑imp)/60 mpg‑US (3.9 L/100 km; 72 mpg‑imp). With a CVT it was 57 mpg‑US (4.1 L/100 km; 68 mpg‑imp)/56 mpg‑US (4.2 L/100 km; 67 mpg‑imp). Insight aficionados who are "hypermilers" compete to eke out as many miles as possible from a tank.[20]

Upon the Insight's release, Honda challenged several automotive magazines to a competition[19] to see who could obtain the best fuel efficiency on the 195-mile (314 km) drive from Columbus, Ohio to Detroit. The contest was won by Car and Driver magazine, which rigged a box behind a Ford Excursion, and had the Insight drive within the confines of the box. With much less wind resistance, the Insight made the trip with a fuel consumption of 121.7 miles per US gallon (1.933 L/100 km; 146.2 mpg‑imp), while averaging 58 miles per hour (93 km/h). A two-year test of an Insight with air conditioning, driven 40,000 miles (64,000 km), averaged 48 miles per US gallon (4.9 L/100 km; 58 mpg‑imp).[19]

Usage incentives

Under the Energy Policy Act of 2005 in the United States, the Honda Insight was eligible for a US$1,450 tax credit.[21]

In California, the state with the most-stringent fuel economy standards, the manual-transmission Insight was rated as an ultra-low-emission vehicle and the CVT transmission was rated Super-ultra-low-emission vehicle.[22]

Cars registered in the UK after 2001 qualified for free road tax because of their low CO2 emissions (2000 registered cars would be taxed on the lower rate of the old system based on engine size). As a Hybrid the Insight also qualifies for an exemption from the London Congestion Charge.

Replacement battery pack

As of June 2008 in the U.S., according to Honda, there are fewer than 200 battery failures beyond warranty coverage out of more than 100,000 hybrids sold.[23]

Honda has extended the US warranties on the hybrid battery pack and controlling computers from the original 8 years or 80,000 miles (130,000 km) to 10 years from the in-service date or 150,000 miles (240,000 km). In addition, as of May 2008, as part of a class-action suit settlement, Honda had extended the warranty of the batteries on 2002–2006 cars to 157,500 miles (253,500 km).[citation needed] On June 1, 2008, Honda dropped the cost of replacement battery for Insight from US$3,400 to US$1,968. There is an additional installation charge by dealers of around US$900 at that time.[23] As of February 2010, out of warranty battery replacement for 2000-2006 Honda Insights requires updates to the BCM (battery charge computer) and the MCM (electric motor control computer) unless they have the current versions. The MCM can be reprogrammed in 2002–2006 cars, but must be replaced on 2000–2001 cars. The BCM is not reprogrammable and must be replaced. This increases the cost of the battery replacement by approximately US$800 for 2002–2006 vehicles and US$1700 for 2000–2001 Insights. Reported price quotes from dealers range from a low of US$3600 (2002–2006) or US$4500 (2000–2001) to a high of US$5900.

As of 2008, independent mechanics have been known to replace Insight batteries with either Prius sub-packs or Civic Hybrid subpacks. 2003–2005 Civic Hybrid subpacks are direct replacements for 2000–2006 Insight subpacks. A US$400 used NiMH battery from another more mass produced HEV (2003–2005 Honda Civic Hybrid) can be used to build a replacement Insight battery pack. Other independent mechanics have been reconditioning their old Insight battery packs to correct wear and tear issues. Reconditioning allows correction of some issues at lower cost than rebuilding a replacement pack from other used packs.[citation needed]

Second generation (2010–present)

Second generation
2010 Honda Insight LX (US)
Overview
Also calledHonda Insight Hybrid
Model years2010–
AssemblySuzuka, Mie, Japan
Body and chassis
ClassCompact
Body style5-door hatchback
RelatedHonda Jazz/Fit II
Honda City V
Honda CR-Z
Honda Freed
Powertrain
EngineHonda Hybrid System with Eco Assist
Gasoline: 1.3 L LDA series I4 (1,339 cc (81.7 cu in)) 8-valve SOHC i-VTEC
98 hp (73 kW) @ 5800 rpm
123 lb⋅ft (167 N⋅m) @ 1000–1700 rpm
Electric: DC brushless motor
13 hp (9.7 kW) @ 1500 rpm
58 lb⋅ft (79 N⋅m) @ 1000 rpm
ULEV/AT-PZEV
TransmissionCVT
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,552 mm (100.5 in)
Length4,390 mm (173 in)
Width1,695 mm (66.7 in)
Height1,425 mm (56.1 in)
Curb weight1,237 kg (2,727 lb)
Chronology
PredecessorHonda Insight (2000–2006)
Honda Civic Hybrid
Honda Insight Concept

Honda named its new upcoming dedicated global small hybrid vehicle Insight, following its first gas/electric hybrid car.[24] The concept version of the 5-door hatchback hybrid electric vehicle made its public debut at the 2008 Paris Motor Show.[25][26] and its North American debut at the Los Angeles Auto Show.[27] In the US the now larger Insight is classified as a compact car based on its interior volume. The New Insight is also larger than previous Insight.

Honda Insight interior

A new interactive, driver-focused fuel economy enhancement technology named the Ecological Drive Assist System (Eco Assist) will debut on the new Honda Insight.[28]

Estimated fuel efficiency according to the U.S. EPA testing methodology is: City 40 mpg‑US (5.9 L/100 km; 48 mpg‑imp), Highway 43 mpg‑US (5.5 L/100 km; 52 mpg‑imp), Combined 41 mpg‑US (5.7 L/100 km; 49 mpg‑imp).[29]

Honda UK state that the official UK fuel efficiency data for the Insight SE is: Urban 61.4 mpg‑imp (4.60 L/100 km; 51.1 mpg‑US), Extra urban 67.3 mpg‑imp (4.20 L/100 km; 56.0 mpg‑US), Combined 64.2 mpg‑imp (4.40 L/100 km; 53.5 mpg‑US) and the CO2 emissions rating is: 101 g/km,[30] putting it in the second lowest UK road tax band.[31]

Japan Market

The new Insight began sales in Japan on February 6, 2009 with prices between ¥1,890,000 and ¥2,210,000.The reception in Japan is overwhelming and exceeds Honda's original forecast of 5,000 monthly sales. This resulted as less availability to overseas markets and Honda has to start production on a second line at its Suzuka factory in mid-June to increase production from 700 units a day.[32] In April 2009, the Honda Insight became the first gas-electric hybrid to be the best-selling vehicle in Japan for the month.[33] After less than eleven months on sale, Honda sold 93,283 Insight in Japan in 2009, ranking it the fifth best-selling car for the year.[34] In March 2010, Honda announced that the new Insight broke through 100,000 sales in Japanese market in just one year after its introduction.[35]

U.S. Honda Insight, shown front, rear, and the hybrid badging.

U.S. Market

The car went on sale on March 24, 2009 in the U.S.[3] as a 2010 model with MSRP prices between US$19,800 and US$23,200,[36][37][38] making it the least expensive hybrid vehicle available in the United States.[29]

Honda estimates worldwide sales of 200,000 units a year with 100,000 U.S. sales. American sales estimates were later reduced amid severe economic downturn, collapse of gas price and reduction of price from major competitor, Toyota's Prius. Bloomberg also reports hybrid sales in the U.S. fell 38 percent in the first five months of 2009.[39] Honda foresees other models of hybrid electric vehicles (e.g., a sports car) and estimates 500,000 annual hybrid sales worldwide by next decade.[40] With less than ten months from its introdcution, Insight total sales for 2009 in the U.S. market were 20,572 units, selling more than the Fusion Hybrid (15,554 units) and the Civic Hybrid (15,119), but behind the Camry Hybrid (22,887 units) and the Toyota Prius (139,682 units).[41]

United Kingdom

It is reported that the Honda Insight has been on sale from April 4, 2009 and early report says it outsold its competitor by 15 percent. Insight is exempted from the London Congestion Charge.[42]

Australia

It is reported that Honda is going to launch Insight in the second half of 2010. Honda Australia is reported to aim at pricing the Insight at below 30,000 Australian dollar, which would means it will be much more affordable than the Toyota Prius that starts at 39,990 Australian dollar.[43] However, the price is contingent on the future strength of the Australian dollar, according to Lindsay Smalley of Honda Australia.[44]

The Netherlands

As of March 2010 Honda sold 2661 units since the introduction of the Insight in April 2009. Of which, 847 were sold in the first 3 months of 2010. As of January 2010, the Honda Insight is exempt of road tax. Reviews have been mostly positive, praising the low cost, fuel economy, good handling and performance in city driving. While being somewhat critical of the car's performance on the highway and the rear visibility. Particularly impressive is the high vehicle safety rating. The EuroNCAP judged the Insight the second safest car of 2009,[citation needed] just behind the Volkswagen Golf but ahead of its main rival, the Toyota Prius. The sales of the Honda Insight, along with those of the Honda Civic Hybrid helped Honda achieve their best sales result in The Netherlands since 1989. These good results did not go unnoticed and it has been decided that the official European launch of Honda's next hybrid car, the CR-Z, will take place in The Netherlands.

Reviews

Early reviews praised the Insight's futuristic styling, handling, and price but noted that it was less powerful, less fuel efficient, and less comfortable than other hybrids that are more expensive .[45] The Insight performed well in comparison tests administered by Motor Trend and Car and Driver.[46][47] It did not perform as well in Edmunds or Popular Mechanics tests.[48][49] In Consumer Reports testing the Insight was assigned a low score, stating that it fell short in ride quality, handling, interior noise, acceleration, refinement, rear seat access and rear visibility.[50][51][52]

Autoblog praised it for its fuel economy, tight handling, and good steering feedback, and stated "the Insight is a shockingly fun car to drive in a spirited manner in spite of the comparatively modest thrust available.", but criticized the Insight for its low passenger volume.[53]

Automotive critic Jeremy Clarkson, known for his disdain for hybrid vehicles, criticized the Insight for its constant variable transmission, engine noise, and build quality. He recognized the price was low, but concluded that a Volkswagen Golf is a better deal. He remarked the Insight is "possibly the worst new car money can buy", and awarded it one out of five stars.[54][55]

Edmunds.com praised Insight for improving upon the formula of rival Prius and costing thousands less, but criticized it for excessive road noise, a tight back seat, and buzzy engine under hard acceleration. In addition, they state it "is by far the most enjoyable hybrid hatchback to drive" and praised the ride for being firm, the steering for being relatively responsive, and the seamless integration between the electric and gas motor.[56]

In 2009, Edmunds pitted a Honda Insight against other hybrids like Toyota Prius and Fusion hybrid, a VW Jetta TDI automatic and a MINI Cooper with manual transmission over two days of mixed city and highway driving.[57]

2010 Toyota Prius 2010 Honda Insight 2009 VW Jetta TDI A6 2010 Ford Fusion hybrid 2009 MINI Cooper M6
Back roads 47.2 44.1 41.2 39.6 38.5
City loop 48.7 43.4 31.6 35.1 30.1
Highway 47.4 38.6 40.6 36.0 33.3
Overall 47.6 42.3 38.1 37.3 34.5
EPA City/Hwy 51/48 40/43 29/40 41/36 28/37

Crash Test

Insurance Institute for Highway Safety:[58]

  • Frontal Offset test: Good
  • Side Impact test: Good

Europe NCAP:[59]

  • awarded stars

Monthly U.S. sales

 Jan 2010   Feb 2010   Mar 2010   Apr 2010   May 2010   Jun 2010   Jul 2010   Aug 2010   Sep 2010   Oct 2010   Nov 2010   Dec 2010   2010 Total 
1,307 2,014 1,652 1,880 6,853
 Jan 2009   Feb 2009   Mar 2009   Apr 2009   May 2009   Jun 2009   Jul 2009   Aug 2009   Sep 2009   Oct 2009   Nov 2009   Dec 2009   2009 Total 
569 2,096 2,780 2,079 2,295 4,226 1,746 1,739 1,403 1,639 20,572[60]

Awards

  • The first generation Insight's engine won the International Engine of the Year award for 2000, and continued to hold the "Sub-1 liter" size category for the next six years.
  • It received the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 2000 Climate Protection Award.[61]
  • It was named the "Greenest Vehicle" of the year for 2000, 2002, 2003 and 2006 by the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE).[62]
  • The Insight was nominated for the North American Car of the Year award for 2001.
  • The American Automobile Association (AAA) awarded the Honda Insight II the top commuter vehicle in 2010.[63]

References

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  3. ^ a b Jeremy Korzeniewski (2009-03-10). "2010 Honda Insight officially priced at $20,470*, on sale March 24". Autoblog Green. Retrieved 2010-03-07.
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  5. ^ http://www.detnews.com/article/20090511/AUTO01/905110379/1148/?source=nletter-business
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  11. ^ Giving the Insight a Good Driver
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  30. ^ "Honda Insight". Honda UK.
  31. ^ "Database Search by VED Band". VCAcarfueldata.org.uk. 2001-03-01. Retrieved 2009-07-14.
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  43. ^ Jez Spinks (2009-11-06). "Honda Aims to make Insight hybrid affordable". W A Today.
  44. ^ Kevin Hepworth (2009-11-13). "Honda Insight: Review". The Daily Telegraph.
  45. ^ "Honda Insight - What the Auto Press Says" http://usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/cars-trucks/Honda_Insight/
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External links

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