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(Madrid), Spain]]

Barcelona (Gran Via), Spain

File:Athens Tower.jpg

Athens (Athens Tower 1), Greece

Istanbul (Maslak), Turkey

Leipzig, Germany

File:Tour cma cgm 2 credits Exmagina.jpg

Marseille, France

File:Centro Direzionale in Naples.jpg

Naples, Italy

Rome, Italy

File:ZagrebSkyline11.jpg

Zagreb, Croatia

This list of tallest buildings in Europe ranks skyscrapers in Europe by height. Initially, only a few major financial centres, such as Frankfurt, London, Paris and Moscow, contained skyscrapers. In recent years, however, skyscraper construction has spread to many other cities, including Amsterdam, Madrid, Brussels, Istanbul, Katowice, Lisbon, Lyon, Manchester, Milan, Naples, Rotterdam, Barcelona, Valencia, Warsaw and others.

Tallest building

The Mercury City Tower is located in Moscow International Business Center in Moscow, Russia. It is the tallest building in Europe, standing at 339 meters. It is also the tallest building in Russia.

Tallest European skyscrapers

This lists ranks skyscrapers in Europe that stand at least 140 metres (459 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement. This includes spires^{[clarification needed]} and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. Existing structures are included for ranking purposes based on present height. This list includes buildings under construction that have already been topped out.

Name	City	Height ^A (metres)	Height ^A (feet)	Floors	Year built
Mercury City Tower	Moscow	338.8	1,112	75	2012
The Shard^[1]	London	312.7	1,026	87	2012
Eurasia^[2]	Moscow	308.9	1,013	72	2014
CoC: Moscow Tower^[3]^[4]	Moscow	301.6	990	76	2010
Naberezhnaya Tower C	Moscow	268.4	881	59	2007
Triumph Palace^[5]	Moscow	264.1	867	57	2005
Istanbul Sapphire	Istanbul	261	856	54	2011
Commerzbank Tower	Frankfurt	258.7	849	56	1997
CoC: Saint Petersburg Tower^[3]^[6]	Moscow	256.9	843	65	2010
Messeturm	Frankfurt	256.6	842	55	1990
Evolution Tower^[7]	Moscow	255	837	53	2014
Torre Caja Madrid	Madrid	250	820	45	2008
Torre de Cristal	Madrid	249	817	45	2008
OKO Office Tower^[8]	Moscow	245	804	49	2014
Federation West Tower	Moscow	242	795	62	2007
Moscow State University	Moscow	240	787	36	1953
Imperia Tower	Moscow	239	783	60	2011
Palace of Culture and Science	Warsaw	237	779	43	1955
Torre PwC	Madrid	236	774	52	2008
1 Canada Square	London	235	771	50	1991
Unicredit Tower	Milan	231	758	35	2011
Tour First	Paris^B	231	758	56	2010
Heron Tower	London	230	755	46	2010
Torre Espacio	Madrid	228	750	57	2008
Leadenhall Building	London	225	738	48	2014
DC Towers	Vienna	250	820	60	2013
House on Mosfilmovskaya 2^[9]	Moscow	213.3	700	54	2011^[10]
Sky Tower^[11]	Wrocław	212	696	50	2012
Spine Tower	Istanbul	211	693	51	2013
Tour Montparnasse	Paris	210	689	59	1972
Warsaw Trade Tower	Warsaw	208	682	43	1999
Westend Tower	Frankfurt	208	682	53	1993
Millennium Tower	Vienna	202	663	51	1999
Folkart Towers A	Izmir	200	656	47	2013
Folkart Towers B	Izmir	200	656	47	2014
Batumi Technical University^[12]	Batumi	200	656	35	2012
Tower 185	Frankfurt	200	656	50	2011
Main Tower	Frankfurt	200	656	55	1999
Intempo	Benidorm	200	656	47	2013
25 Canada Square	London	199.5	655	45	2001
8 Canada Square	London	199.5	655	45	2002
Hotel Ukraine	Moscow	198	650	34	1955
Varyap Meridian Grand Tower 1	Istanbul	198	650	57	2012
Anthill Residence 1^[13]	Istanbul	194.5	638	54	2011
Anthill Residence 2^[14]	Istanbul	194.5	638	54	2011
Tricolor Tower A^[15]	Moscow	194	636	56	2013
Mirax-Plaza Tower A^[16]	Moscow	193	633	47	2015
Złota 44	Warsaw	192	630	54	2012
Vysotsky 3^[17]	Yekaterinburg	192	630	50	2011
Rondo 1^[18]	Warsaw	192	630	40	2006
Continental^[19]	Moscow	191	627	48	2011
HSB Turning Torso	Malmö	190	620	57	2005
Flame Tower 1	Baku	190	620	33	2012
Gran Hotel Bali	Benidorm	187	614	52	2002
Tour Total	Paris^B	187	614	48	1985
Trianon	Frankfurt	186	610	45	1993
Rönesans Tower	Istanbul	186	610	40	2014
Tour GDF Suez	Paris^B	185	607	36	2008
Tour Areva	Paris^B	184	604	44	1974
Tower 42	London	183	600	47	1980
Tour Granite	Paris^B	183	600	36	2008
St George's Wharf Tower	London	181	594	49	2013
Isbank Tower 1	Istanbul	181	594	52	2000
My Towerland 1	Istanbul	181	594	52	2013
Varyap Meridian Tower 2^[20]	Istanbul	180	591	45	2013
Nida Palladium Tower	Istanbul	180	591	40	2014
30 St Mary Axe	London	180	590	41	2003
Tour CB21	Paris^B	179	587	44	1974
Sparrow Hills Tower II^[21]	Moscow	178	584	48	2004
BT Tower	London	177	580	34	1966
Mertim Tower	Mersin	177	580	52	1987
Edelweiss	Moscow	176	577	43	2003
Kotelnicheskaya Embankment	Moscow	176	577	32	1952
Aliye Parusa 2^[22]	Moscow	175.6	576	48	2003
Avaz Twist Tower	Sarajevo	172	564	42	2009
Ministry of Foreign Affairs	Moscow	172	564	27	1953
Nordstar Tower^[23]	Moscow	172	563	42	2009
Şişli Plaza	Istanbul	170	558	46	2007
Özdilek 1	Istanbul	170	558	38	2014
Soyak Tower	Istanbul	170	558	40	2014
Terrace Tema	Istanbul	170	558	39	2014
Levent 199	Istanbul	170	558	40	2014
Opernturm	Frankfurt	170	558	42	2009
Beetham Tower	Manchester	169	554	50	2006
Tekstilkent Plaza 1	Istanbul	168	551	44	2000
Tekstilkent Plaza 2	Istanbul	168	551	44	2000
Mirax-Plaza Tower B^[24]	Moscow	168	551	41	2015
Torre Intesa Sanpaolo	Turin	167.3	548	39	2013
Tour Alicante	Paris^C	167	548	37	1995
Tour Chassagne	Paris^C	167	548	37	1995
Maslak 42 1	Istanbul^C	167	548	42	2014
Maslak 42 2	Istanbul^C	167	548	42	2014
Swissôtel Krasnye Holmy^[25]	Moscow	166.5	546	34	2005
Tour Carpe Diem	Paris	166	545	34	2013
Silberturm	Frankfurt	166	545	32	1978
Maastoren	Rotterdam	165	541	35	2009
Tour Part Dieu	Lyon	165	541	42	1977
Tour EDF	Paris^D	165	541	41	2001
Selenium Twins 1 ^[26]	Istanbul	165	541	34	2008
Selenium Twins 2 ^[26]	Istanbul	165	541	34	2008
Iberdrola Tower	Bilbao	165	541	40	2011
Broadgate Tower	London	164.3	539	35	2009
Varyap Meridian Tower 3^[27]	Istanbul	164	538	41	2012
InterContinental Warsaw	Warsaw	163.5	536	45	2003
Post Tower^[28]	Bonn	163	535	42	2002
IZD Tower ^[29]	Vienna	162	531	37	2001
Well House na Leninskom^[30]	Moscow	162	531	46	2009
Palazzo Lombardia^[31]	Milan	161.3	529	43	2010
Cœur Défense	Paris^B	161	528	40	2001
Sparrow Hills Tower I^[32]	Moscow	161	528	43	2004
Sparrow Hills Tower III^[33]	Moscow	161	528	43	2004
Kudrinskaya Square ^[34]	Moscow	160	525	22	1954
Sky Tower 1^[35]	Istanbul	160	525	42	2010
Exen Plaza	Istanbul	160	525	42	2010
Flame Tower 2	Baku	160	525	30	2012
Westend Gate	Frankfurt	159	522	47	1976
Rixos Bomonti Residence	Istanbul	159	522	42	2012
Akbank Tower	Istanbul	158	518	39	1993
Torre Lugano ^[36]	Benidorm	158	518	43	2008
New Orleans^[37]	Rotterdam	158	518	45	2010
Torre Picasso	Madrid	157	515	43	1988
Four Winds 1	Istanbul	156	512	49	2013
Four Winds 2	Istanbul	156	512	49	2013
Four Winds 3	Istanbul	156	512	49	2013
Four Winds 4	Istanbul	156	512	49	2013
Parus Business Centre	Kiev	156	512	34	2007
One Churchill Place	London	156	512	32	2004
Park Arkon Residence 1	Istanbul	155	509	39	2013
Torre Eurosky	Rome	155	509	35	2012
Tour Adria	Paris^B	155	509	40	2002
Tour Egée	Paris^B	155	509	40	1999
Deutsche Bank Tower I	Frankfurt	155	509	40	1984
Deutsche Bank Tower II	Frankfurt	155	509	38	1984
Trump Towers Istanbul^[38]	Istanbul	155	508	39	2010
Hotel Arts Barcelona	Barcelona	154	505	44	1992
Torre Mapfre	Barcelona	154	505	40	1992
Skyper	Frankfurt	154	505	38	2004
Uprise Elite ^[38]	Istanbul	154	505	42	2010
Süzer Plaza Ritz-Carlton ^[38]	Istanbul	154	504	34	1998
25 Bank Street	London	153	502	33	2003
40 Bank Street	London	153	502	33	2003
Torun Tower	Istanbul	153	502	35	2014
Polat Tower Residence ^[39]	Istanbul	153	500	40	2001
BT Tower	Birmingham	152	500	31	1963
Tour Ariane	Paris^D	152	499	36	1975
Gebouw Delftse Poort 1^[40]	Rotterdam	151	497	41	1992
Torre Pontina ^[41]	Latina	151	495	37	2010
PRISMA^[42]^[43]	Yekaterinburg	151	495	37	2009
Gazprom ^[44]	Moscow	151	495	35	1994
10 Upper Bank Street	London	151	495	32	2003
Istanbloom	Istanbul	150	492	44	2013
Hochhaus Neue Donau ^[45]	Vienna	150	492	34	2001
Tour Les Poissons	Paris	150	492	42	1970
South Tower	Brussels	150	492	38	1967
Rembrandt Tower^[46]	Amsterdam	150	492	36	1995
Dumankaya Ikon 1	Istanbul	149	489	41	2013
Dumankaya Ikon 2	Istanbul	149	489	41	2013
Dumankaya Ikon 3	Istanbul	149	489	41	2013
De Rotterdam	Rotterdam	149	489	44	2013
Europa Tower	Vilnius	149	489	33	2004
Avenue 77 block 1^[47]^[48]	Moscow	148.5	-	45	2008
Avenue 77 block 2^[47]^[48]	Moscow	148.5	-	45	2008
Avenue 77 block 3^[47]^[48]	Moscow	148.5	-	45	2008
KölnTurm^[49]	Cologne	148	486	43	2001
Eurotower	Frankfurt	148	486	39	1977
Strata SE1	London	148	486	43	2010
Özdilek Plaza 2	Istanbul	148	486	37	2014
Pan Peninsula	London	147.4	484	48	2008
Sun Plaza ^[50]	Istanbul	147	482	38	2005
Colonia-Hochhaus	Cologne	147	482	42	1972
Tour CMA-CGM^[51]	Marseille	147	482	33	2009
House in Sokolniki ^[52]	Moscow	146.9	482	43	2008
Ministry of S&J^[53]	The Hague	146	479	37	2012
Ministry of I&KR	The Hague	146	479	37	2012
Hochaus Uptown München ^[54]	Munich	146	479	38	2004
Finance Tower^[55]	Brussels	145	476	36	1984
Rogier Tower^[56]	Brussels	145	476	38	2006
Jen-Tower	Jena	145	476	30	1973
Neguri Gane ^[57]	Benidorm	145	476	40	2002
Trump Towers Istanbul^[58]	Istanbul	145	475	37	2010
Torre Agbar	Barcelona	144.4	474	33	2004
Tour Bretagne	Nantes	144	472	37	1976
Warsaw Financial Center^[59]	Warsaw	144	472	35	1998
Torre Solaria ^[60]	Milan	143	469	37	2013
Metrocity Tower 2	Istanbul	143	469	35	2000
Metrocity Tower 3	Istanbul	143	469	35	2000
TAT Tower 1 ^[58]	Istanbul	143	469	34	2000
TAT Tower 2	Istanbul	143	469	34	2000
Metrocity Tower 1	Istanbul	143	469	31	2000
IFC Bomonti Hotel	Istanbul	143	469	35	2013
Tour Pleyel	Paris^E	143	469	38	1973
Guy's Tower	London	142.6	468	34	1974
Tour Dexia	Paris^B	142	466	36	2005
City-Haus^[61]	Frankfurt	142	466	42	1974
Frankfurter Büro Center^[62]	Frankfurt	142	466	40	1980
City-Hochhaus Leipzig^[63]	Leipzig	142	466	36	1971
Hoftoren	The Hague	142	466	30	2003
Westpoint Tower	Tilburg	142	466	48	2004
Torre de Madrid	Madrid	142	466	37	1957
Sea Towers	Gdynia	141.6	464	36	2009
Gulliver	Kiev	141	463	35	2012
Ušće Tower	Belgrade	141	463	25	1961
Torre Diamante	Milan	140	459	30	2012
Montevideo	Rotterdam	140	459	43	2005
Centrum LIM^[64]	Warsaw	140	459	43	1989
Oxford Tower, Warsaw	Warsaw	140	459	40	1978
West Tower	Liverpool	140	459	40	2007
Izmailovsky 1 ^[65]	Moscow	140	459	37	2008
Izmailovsky 2 ^[65]	Moscow	140	459	37	2008
Sabanci Center 2	Istanbul	140	459	34	1993
Sisli Elit Residence ^[66]	Istanbul	140	459	35	2000
Uphill Court 1	Istanbul	140	459	33	2008
Uphill Court 2	Istanbul	140	459	33	2008
22 Marsh Wall East Tower	London	140	459	40	2010
Edificio Kronos^[67]	Benidorm	140	459	41	2008
Flame Tower 3	Baku	140	460	28	2012
many lower buildings

Timeline of tallest buildings

Name	City	Years as tallest	Metres	Feet	Floors
Mercury City Tower	Moscow	2012–present	338.8	1,112	75
The Shard	London	2012 (30.03-31.10)	310	1,015	87
City of Capitals	Moscow	2009–2012	301.6	989	77
Naberezhnaya Tower C	Moscow	2007–2009	268.4	881	59
Triumph-Palace	Moscow	2005–2007	264.1	867	57
Commerzbank Tower	Frankfurt	1997–2005	259	849	56
Messeturm	Frankfurt	1990–1997	257	843	55
Moscow State University	Moscow	1953–1990	240	787	36
Kotelnicheskaya Embankment Building	Moscow	1952–1953	176	577	32
Terrazza Martini Tower	Genoa	1940–1952	108	354	31
Boerentoren	Antwerp	1932–1940	96	315	26
Royal Liver Building	Liverpool	1911–1932	90	300	13
PAST	Warsaw	1908-1911	51	169	11
Witte Huis	Rotterdam	1898–1908	43	141	10

Projects under construction

This lists buildings that are under construction in Europe and are planned to rise at least 140 metres (459 ft).

Name	City	Metres	Feet	Floors	Finalised
Lakhta Center^[68]	St. Petersburg	463^[69]	1,517	86	2017
Federation Tower	Moscow	448/360^[70]	1,470/1,181	93	2015
Folkart Highlife	İzmir	370	1213	75	2018
OKO Tower^[71]	Moscow	352	1,101	91	2014
The Pinnacle	London	288	945	??	On hold
Skyland İstanbul	İstanbul	281	921	75	2016
Riverside South - south tower	London	237	776	45	2016
122 Leadenhall Street	London	225	738	48	2014
DC Towers 1^[72]	Vienna	220	721	60	2013
Warsaw Spire	Warsaw	220	721	50	2014
Sky Towers	Kiev	210	689	47	2016
Belgrade on Water^[73]	Belgrade	210	689	50	2017
Iset tower^[74]	Yekaterinburg	209	686	52	2014
Piedmont Region Headquarters	Turin	209	686	42	2015
CityLife - Il Dritto^[75]	Milan	207.2	679	50	2014
Residencial In Tempo^[76]	Benidorm	200	656	52	2012
Tour Incity	Lyon	200	660	39	2014
Q22	Warsaw	195	545	42	2016
Tour Majunga	Paris	195	545	45	2014
Mirax-Plaza	Kiev	192	630	46	On hold
Riverside South - north tower	London	186	610	37	2016
European Central Bank Headquarters	Frankfurt	185	607	45	2014
Çiftçiler Zincirlikuyu 1^[77]	Istanbul	180	591	44	2014
Çiftçiler Zincirlikuyu 2^[77]	Istanbul	180	591	45	2014
Cajasol Tower	Seville	180	584	40	2012
Roche Building 1^[78]	Basel	175	574	41	2015
CityLife - Lo Storto^[79]	Milan	174.86	558	45	2015
Tour D2	Paris	171	525	37	2014
Taunusturm^[80]	Frankfurt	170	558	40	2014
Babillon Tower^[81]	Batumi	170	558	45	2015
Tour Odeon	Monaco	170	558	49	2012
MCTT	Moscow	167	548	42	2015
Sky Towers	Kiev	165	541	46	2016
20 Fenchurch Street	London	160	525	39	2014
Cosmopolitan Twarda 2/4	Warsaw	160	525	42	2012
Dâmbovița Center	Bucharest	155	509	34	On hold
Bastion	Moscow	153	502	40	2009
Hines Hochhaus ^[82]	Berlin	150	492	46	2016
CityLife - Il Curvo^[83]	Milan	150	492	35	2015
De Rotterdam ^[84]	Rotterdam	149	489	43	2013
Torre La Sagrera ^[84]	Barcelona	148	481	34	2014
West 65	Belgrade	146	480	39	2014
Light House	Århus	142	466	43	2012
New Henninger Turm ^[85]	Frankfurt	140	459	39	2016
Torre Parco degli Erzelli ^[86]	Genoa	140	459	40	2014
Capital Fort	Sofia	126	413	28	2014

Tallest European skyscrapers by pinnacle height

Some skyscraper enthusiasts prefer this measurement, claiming that the extensions that can or cannot be deemed "architectural" are subjective. However, many non-architectural extensions (such as radio antennas) are easily added and removed from tall buildings without significantly changing the style and design of the building, which is seen as a significant part of the value of these buildings. The list includes all skyscrapers of at least 200 metres (656 ft) tall. However the height data is subject to fluctuations due to simple changing of mast extensions.

Name	City	Metres	Feet	Floors	Completed
Mercury City Tower	Moscow	339	1,112	75	2013
The Shard	London	310	1,015	87	2012
Eurasia	Moscow	309	1013	72	2013
City of Capitals	Moscow	302	989	76	2009
Commerzbank Tower	Frankfurt	300	985	56	1997
Naberezhnaya Tower C	Moscow	268	881	59	2007
Triumph-Palace	Moscow	264	868	57	2005
Sapphire of Istanbul	Istanbul	261	856	54	2010
City of Capitals: Saint Petersburg^[3]	Moscow	257	843	65	2009
Messeturm	Frankfurt	257	843	55	1990
Torre Caja Madrid	Madrid	250	820	45	2008
Torre de Cristal	Madrid	249	817	45	2007
Federation West Tower	Moscow	242	795	62	2007
Main Tower	Frankfurt	240	787	55	1999
Moscow State University	Moscow	240	787	36	1953
Imperia Tower	Moscow	239	784	60	2011 ^[87]
Torre Sacyr Vallehermoso	Madrid	236	774	52	2007
Torre Espacio	Madrid	236	774	57	2007
One Canada Square	London	235	771	50	1991
Unicredit Tower	Milan	231	758	35	2011
Tour First	Paris	231	758	56	2010
Palace of Culture and Science	Warsaw	230.7	757	43	1955
Heron Tower	London	230	755	47	2010
House on Mosfilmovskaya 2	Moscow	213.3	700	54	2012
Spine Tower	Istanbul	211	693	51	2013
Anthill Residence 1	Istanbul	210	689	54	2011
Anthill Residence 2	Istanbul	210	689	54	2011
Gran Hotel Bali	Benidorm	210	689	52	2002
Tour Montparnasse	Paris	210	689	59	1972
Westend Tower	Frankfurt	208	682	53	1993
Warsaw Trade Tower	Warsaw	208	682	43	1999
Millennium Tower	Vienna	202	663	51	1999
Tower 185	Frankfurt	200	656	51	2011
25 Canada Square	London	200	656	45	2001
many lower buildings

Notes

^A To the architectural tip
^B Specifically located in Courbevoie, in the inner suburbs of Paris
^C Specifically located in Nanterre, in the inner suburbs of Paris
^D Specifically located in Puteaux, in the inner suburbs of Paris
^E Specifically located in Saint-Denis, in the inner suburbs of Paris

References

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^ Triumph-Palace official site^{[dead link]}
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^ CTBUH: Anthill Residence 2
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^ http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/moscow/mirax-plaza-1/1893/
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^ CTBUH: Nordstar Tower
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^ CTBUH: Varyap Meridian 3 Block
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^ "IZD Tower SkyscraperPage entry". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ Wellhouse at Leninsky Official site
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^ CTBUH: Vorobiovy Gory Tower III
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^ Official site
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^ "Polat Tower Residence, Istanbul on". Istanbul /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Gebouw Delftse Poort 1". Rotterdam /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ http://www.vice.com/it/read/vita-vera-grattacielo
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^ "Hochhaus Neue Donau". Vienna /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Rembrandt Towerat". Amsterdam /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c Avenue 77, Moscow at emporis.com
^ ^a ^b ^c "Moscow". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
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^ "Sun Plaza, Istanbul on". Istanbul /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Tour CMA-CGM, Marseille". Marseille /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ Official site^{[dead link]}
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^ "Tour Finances / Financietoren". Brussels /: Emporis.com. 1 January 2005. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Dexia Tower". Brussels /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Neguri Gane". Benidorm /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ ^a ^b "TAT Towers, Istanbul on". Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Warsaw Financial Center, Warsaw". Warsaw /: Emporis.com. 13 October 1998. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Milano – Solaria e Solea Porta Nuova — Urbanfile Italia". Urbanfile.it. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "City-Haus, Frankfurt". DE /: Emporis.com. 22 August 1973. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Frankfurter Büro Center, Frakfurt". DE /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Panorama Tower". Leipzig /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Centrum LIM, Warsaw". Warsaw /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ ^a ^b Official site^{[dead link]}
^ "Sisli Elit Residence, Istanbul". Istanbul /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Edificio Kronos". Benidorm /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ CTBUH: Lakhta Center
^ http://www.gazeta.ru/interview/nm/s3685321.shtml
^ http://riarealty.ru/news/20140203/402449026.html#ixzz2sGPRsFXO
^ CTBUH: Oko Tower 1
^ "DC Towers Facts and Figures". DC Towers. Retrieved 29 November 2012.
^ http://www.tanjug.rs/novosti/119700/beograd-na-vodi-imace-1-850-000-kvadrata.htm
^ http://www.ugmk.com/ru/press-center/news/index.php?id15=9735
^ "Milano – CityLife — Urbanfile Italia". Urbanfile.it. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Residencial In Tempo, Benidorm". Benidorm /: Emporis.com. 11 March 2004. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ ^a ^b 04:15 AM. "Çiftçi Towers | 46fl x 2 | 204m | U/C - Page 12". SkyscraperCity. Retrieved 8 July 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ "presents Building 1, its new main office building in Basel". Roche. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "CityLife". City-life.it. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Tishman Speyer". Tishman Speyer. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Babillon Tower on Emporis".
^ http://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/berlins-mitte-erster-wolkenkratzer-am-alex-wird-ein-wohnturm/4602296.html
^ "CityLife – Torre il Curvo – Torre Daniel Libeskind — Urbanfile Italia". Urbanfile.it. 31 October 2010. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ ^a ^b "De Rotterdam". Rotterdam /: Emporis. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
^ "Henninger Turm Website". henninger-turm.com. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
^ Genius_Loci. "Parco Tecnologico e Scientifico degli Erzelli — Urbanfile Italia". Urbanfile.it. Retrieved 8 July 2012.
^ "Imperia Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[Shard-1] "Shard London Bridge". Skyscrapernews. Retrieved 5 May 2013.

[Eurasia-2] "Eurasia Tower". Retrieved 11 March 2013.

[skyscrapercity.com-3] "City of Capitals". Skyscrapercity.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[CTBUHCC1-4] CTBUH. "CTBUH City of Capitals profile". 55.74794 37.53901: Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 8 July 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[5] Triumph-Palace official site^{[dead link]}

[CTBUHCC2-6] CTBUH. "CTBUH City of Capitals profile". 55.74740 37.53852: Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 8 July 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[7] ttp://www.emporis.de/building/evolution-tower-moscow-russia

[8] ttp://www.emporis.com/building/oko-office-tower-moscow-russia

[mos-9] Official site^{[dead link]}

[to9-10] Topped out in 2009, but still under construction

[11] "Sky Tower 1, Wrocław". PL /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[12] ttp://www.emporis.com/building/batumi-technological-university-tower-batumi-georgia

[13] CTBUH: Anthill Residence 1

[14] CTBUH: Anthill Residence 2

[15] ttp://www.emporis.com/building/tricolor-1-moscow-russia

[16] ttp://www.skyscrapercenter.com/moscow/mirax-plaza-1/1893/

[17] CTBUH. "CTBUH: Antey-III". 56.83613 60.61449: Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 8 July 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[18] "Rondo 1-B, Warsaw". Warsaw /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[19] CTBUH: Continental

[20] CTBUH: Varyap Meridian 2 Block

[21] CTBUH: Vorobiovy Gory Tower II

[22] "Aliye Parusa 2". Moscow /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[23] CTBUH: Nordstar Tower

[24] ttp://www.skyscrapercenter.com/moscow/mirax-plaza-2/2907/

[25] "Swissotel Krasnye Holmy at SkyscraperPage". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[ascioglu1-26] "Selenium Twins". Ascioglu.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[27] CTBUH: Varyap Meridian 3 Block

[28] "Post Tower, Bonn". Bonn /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[izdtower-29] "IZD Tower SkyscraperPage entry". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[30] Wellhouse at Leninsky Official site

[31] CTBUH. "Palazzo Lombardia at CTBUH". 45.48668 9.19650: Buildingdb.ctbuh.org. Retrieved 8 July 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[32] CTBUH: Vorobiovy Gory Tower I

[33] CTBUH: Vorobiovy Gory Tower III

[34] "Kudrinskaya Square". Moscow /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[35] Official site

[36] "Torre Lugano". Benidorm /: Emporis.com. 13 September 2006. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[New_Orleans,_Rotterdam-37] "New Orleans, Rotterdam". Rotterdam /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[ReferenceA-38] "Süzer Plaza Ritz-Carlton, Istanbul on". Istanbul /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[emporis.com-39] "Polat Tower Residence, Istanbul on". Istanbul /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[40] "Gebouw Delftse Poort 1". Rotterdam /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[41] ttp://www.vice.com/it/read/vita-vera-grattacielo

[42] PRISMA, Gefest metal factory

[43] Prisma, Yekaterinburg at emporis.com

[44] "Gazprom building". Moscow /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[45] "Hochhaus Neue Donau". Vienna /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[46] "Rembrandt Towerat". Amsterdam /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[avem-47] Avenue 77, Moscow at emporis.com

[mssp-48] "Moscow". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[49] "Köln Turm". Cologne /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[50] "Sun Plaza, Istanbul on". Istanbul /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[51] "Tour CMA-CGM, Marseille". Marseille /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[52] Official site^{[dead link]}

[53] "Bouw ministeries bereikt hoogste punt - Nieuws - InOverheid.nl - Alles over werken bij de overheid". InOverheid.nl. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[54] "Hochhaus Uptown München". Munich /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[55] "Tour Finances / Financietoren". Brussels /: Emporis.com. 1 January 2005. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[56] "Dexia Tower". Brussels /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[57] "Neguri Gane". Benidorm /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[tat-58] "TAT Towers, Istanbul on". Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[59] "Warsaw Financial Center, Warsaw". Warsaw /: Emporis.com. 13 October 1998. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[60] "Milano – Solaria e Solea Porta Nuova — Urbanfile Italia". Urbanfile.it. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[61] "City-Haus, Frankfurt". DE /: Emporis.com. 22 August 1973. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[62] "Frankfurter Büro Center, Frakfurt". DE /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[63] "Panorama Tower". Leipzig /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[64] "Centrum LIM, Warsaw". Warsaw /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[autogenerated1-65] Official site^{[dead link]}

[66] "Sisli Elit Residence, Istanbul". Istanbul /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[67] "Edificio Kronos". Benidorm /: Emporis.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[68] CTBUH: Lakhta Center

[69] ttp://www.gazeta.ru/interview/nm/s3685321.shtml

[70] ttp://riarealty.ru/news/20140203/402449026.html#ixzz2sGPRsFXO

[71] CTBUH: Oko Tower 1

[dctowers1-72] "DC Towers Facts and Figures". DC Towers. Retrieved 29 November 2012.

[73] ttp://www.tanjug.rs/novosti/119700/beograd-na-vodi-imace-1-850-000-kvadrata.htm

[74] ttp://www.ugmk.com/ru/press-center/news/index.php?id15=9735

[urbanfile.it-75] "Milano – CityLife — Urbanfile Italia". Urbanfile.it. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[76] "Residencial In Tempo, Benidorm". Benidorm /: Emporis.com. 11 March 2004. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[skyscrapercity12-77] 04:15 AM. "Çiftçi Towers | 46fl x 2 | 204m | U/C - Page 12". SkyscraperCity. Retrieved 8 July 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

[78] "presents Building 1, its new main office building in Basel". Roche. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[city-life.it-79] "CityLife". City-life.it. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[80] "Tishman Speyer". Tishman Speyer. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[81] "Babillon Tower on Emporis".

[82] ttp://www.tagesspiegel.de/berlin/berlins-mitte-erster-wolkenkratzer-am-alex-wird-ein-wohnturm/4602296.html

[83] "CityLife – Torre il Curvo – Torre Daniel Libeskind — Urbanfile Italia". Urbanfile.it. 31 October 2010. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[emporis1-84] "De Rotterdam". Rotterdam /: Emporis. Retrieved 14 February 2013.

[85] "Henninger Turm Website". henninger-turm.com. Retrieved 15 October 2013.

[86] Genius_Loci. "Parco Tecnologico e Scientifico degli Erzelli — Urbanfile Italia". Urbanfile.it. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

[87] "Imperia Tower". Skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 8 July 2012.

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@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 <!--THE ORDER OF PHOTOS: ALHABETICALLY-->
 [[File:ZuidasAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg|190px|thumb|right|[[Amsterdam]] ([[Zuidas]]), [[Netherlands]]]]
-[[File:Central business district of Barcelona (2).JPG|thumb|right|190px|[[Barcelona]] ([[Diagonal Mar i el Front Marítim del Poblenou|Diagonal Mar]]), [[Spain]]]]
+[[Image:Madrid Cuatro Torres Business Area02.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Madrid]], [[Spain]]]] ([[Madrid]]), [[Spain]]]]
 [[File:Granvia L'H, Barcelona in 2010.jpg|thumb|right|190px|[[Barcelona]] ([[Gran Via (Barcelona)|Gran Via]]), [[Spain]]]]
 [[File:Benidorm2.jpg|190px|thumb|right|[[Benidorm]], [[Spain]]]]
@@ Line 52: / Line 52: @@
 {{Further|List of tallest structures in Europe|List of tallest buildings in the European Union}}
-This '''list of tallest buildings in Europe''' ranks skyscrapers in Europe by height. Initially, only a few major financial centres, such as [[Frankfurt]], [[London]], [[Paris]] and [[Moscow]], contained skyscrapers. In recent years, however, skyscraper construction has spread to many other cities, including [[Amsterdam]], [[Barcelona]], [[Brussels]], [[Istanbul]], [[Katowice]], [[Lisbon]], [[Lyon]], [[Madrid]], [[Manchester]], [[Milan]], [[Naples]], [[Rotterdam]], [[Valencia]], [[Warsaw]] and others.
+This '''list of tallest buildings in Europe''' ranks skyscrapers in Europe by height. Initially, only a few major financial centres, such as [[Frankfurt]], [[London]], [[Paris]] and [[Moscow]], contained skyscrapers. In recent years, however, skyscraper construction has spread to many other cities, including [[Amsterdam]], [[Madrid]], [[Brussels]], [[Istanbul]], [[Katowice]], [[Lisbon]], [[Lyon]], [[Manchester]], [[Milan]], [[Naples]], [[Rotterdam]], [[Barcelona]], [[Valencia]], [[Warsaw]] and others.
 ==Tallest building==