Interleukin 23 subunit alpha
Template:PBB Interleukin-23 subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL23A gene.[1][2]
Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a heterodimeric cytokine consisting of two subunits, one called p40, which is shared with another cytokine, IL-12, and another called p19 (the IL-23 alpha subunit). IL-23 is an important part of the inflammatory response against infection. It promotes upregulation of the matrix metalloprotease MMP9, increases angiogenesis and reduces CD8+ T-cell infiltration. Recently, IL-23 has been implicated in the development of cancerous tumors. In conjunction with IL-6 and TGF-β1, IL-23 stimulates naive CD4+ T cells to differentiate into a novel subset of cells called Th17 cells, which are distinct from the classical Th1 and Th2 cells. Th17 cells produce IL-17, a proinflammatory cytokine that enhances T cell priming and stimulates the production of proinflammatory molecules such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha, NOS-2, and chemokines resulting in inflammation. Knockout mice deficient in either p40 or p19, or in either subunit of the IL-23 receptor (IL-23R and IL12R-β1) develop less severe symptoms of multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease highlighting the importance of IL-23 in the inflammatory pathway.[3][4]
Interactions
Interleukin 23 has been shown to interact with Interleukin-12 subunit beta.[1]
See also
- CNTO 1275, an experimental therapeutic anti-IL-23 antibody
References
- ^ a b Oppmann B, Lesley R, Blom B, Timans JC, Xu Y, Hunte B, Vega F, Yu N, Wang J, Singh K, Zonin F, Vaisberg E, Churakova T, Liu M, Gorman D, Wagner J, Zurawski S, Liu Y, Abrams JS, Moore KW, Rennick D, de Waal-Malefyt R, Hannum C, Bazan JF, Kastelein RA (2001). "Novel p19 protein engages IL-12p40 to form a cytokine, IL-23, with biological activities similar as well as distinct from IL-12". Immunity. 13 (5): 715–25. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)00070-4. PMID 11114383.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Cite error: The named reference "pmid11114383" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page). - ^ "Entrez Gene: IL23A interleukin 23, alpha subunit p19".
- ^ Langowski JL, Zhang X, Wu L, Mattson JD, Chen T, Smith K, Basham B, McClanahan T, Kastelein RA, Oft M (2006). "IL-23 promotes tumour incidence and growth". Nature. 442 (7101): 461–5. doi:10.1038/nature04808. PMID 16688182.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Kikly K, Liu L, Na S, Sedgwick JD (2006). "The IL-23/Th(17) axis: therapeutic targets for autoimmune inflammation". Curr. Opin. Immunol. 18 (6): 670–5. doi:10.1016/j.coi.2006.09.008. PMID 17010592.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)