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Qeleshe

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Old man of Has of Prizren wearing a qeleshe

The qeleshe or plis, also qylaf[1] is a white brimless felt cap traditionally worn by Albanians. It has spread throughout Albanian-inhabited territories, and is today part of the traditional costume of the Albanians. The height of the cap varies region to region.[1]

Etymology

Portrait of a young Albanian soldier wearing a plis. Oil on canvas by Charles Bargue (1826-1883).

In Albanian: def. sin. qeleshja or plisi, indef. pl. qeleshe or plisa, def. pl. qeleshet or plisat.

The style of cap is thought to originate from a similar cap worn by the Illyrians.[2][3]

The name qeleshe comes from the Albanian word for wool (lesh),[4] while the name plis comes from the Proto-Albanian word *p(i)litja related to Old High German filiz id., Latin pellis id., and Greek πῖλος pilos id.,[5] also known as pileus.

Overview

The cap is part of the traditional costume of the Albanian highlanders[6][7] and is considered as a national symbol of Albania.[6] During the Ottoman period, the hat as a white colored fez cap was the characteristic Albanian national headgear, in particular of Muslim Albanians.[1][8]

Wool products at the Kruja Ethnographic Museum

In the northern Albanian highlands, the shape is hemispherical, while in Kukës, it is truncated.[9][better source needed] In southern Albania, the cap is taller than in northern Albania, especially in the Gjirokastër and Vlorë regions, with the exception of the Myzeqe low plains region. In some areas of southern Albania the cap has a small protrusion. The cap is made from one single piece of woolen felt, usually white, that is molded to the shape of the head.[9][better source needed]

The town of Kruja is particularly known for Albania's traditional felt-makers who produce also the felt caps qeleshe.[10]´[better source needed] The cap is used by men during the traditional weddings of the Tirana region.[11]

  • Hemispherical type qeleshe or plis.
    Hemispherical type qeleshe or plis.
  • Flat-topped fez type qeleshe.
    Flat-topped fez type qeleshe.
  • Different types of qeleshe.
    Different types of qeleshe.
  • A felt-maker.
    A felt-maker.
  • Nopcsa Ferenc in northern Albanian costume, 1913.
    Nopcsa Ferenc in northern Albanian costume, 1913.
  • Albanian music trio, Has District.
    Albanian music trio, Has District.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Qeleshe.

References

  1. ^ a b c Di Monaco, Florindo (1999). Un mondo di acconciature: itinerario alla scoperta di centomila idee e misteri che vengono quotidianamente al pettine. Edizioni scientifiche italiane. p. 354. ISBN 9788881145300. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help) "Gli Albanesi, in parte di religione musulmana, conservano del lunghissimo periodo della dominazione turca il caratteristico fez bianco {qylaf o qeleshe), autentico copricapo nazionale, la cui altezza varia da regione a regione."
  2. ^ Stipčević, Aleksandar (1977). The Illyrians: History and Culture. History and Culture Series. Noyes Press. p. 89. ISBN 0815550529. It is generally agreed, and rightly so, that the modern Albanian cap originates directly from the similar cap worn by the Illyrians.
  3. ^ Recherches albanologiques: Folklore et ethnologie. Instituti Albanologijik i Prishtinës. 1982. p. 52. Retrieved 14 April 2013. Ne kuadrin e veshjeve me përkime ilire, të dokumentuara gjer më tani hyjnë tirqit, plisi, qeleshja e bardhë gjysmësferike, goxhufi-gëzofi etj
  4. ^ Vladimir Orel (1998). Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Brill Academic Pub. p. 219. ISBN 9004110240.
  5. ^ Vladimir Orel (1998). Albanian Etymological Dictionary. Brill Academic Pub. p. 334. ISBN 9004110240.
  6. ^ a b Andromaqi Gjergji (2004). Albanian Costumes Through the Centuries: Origin, Types, Evolution. Acad. of Sciences of Albania, Inst. of Folc Culture. ISBN 978-99943-614-4-1.
  7. ^ Richard C. Hall (9 October 2014). War in the Balkans: An Encyclopedic History from the Fall of the Ottoman Empire to the Breakup of Yugoslavia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 288–. ISBN 978-1-61069-031-7.
  8. ^ Stipčević, Aleksandar (1977). The Illyrians: history and culture. Noyes Press. p. 89. ISBN 9780815550525. From among the various caps that the Illyrians wore, one can distinguish four different types. On the monument from Zenica one can see the more common type of skullcap. Fundamentally it does not differ from the present-day small, white Albanian fez known as a qeleshe.
  9. ^ a b Nagel (1990). Albania. Nagel Publishers. p. 62. ISBN 978-2-8263-0827-0. Retrieved 14 April 2013. The qeleshe, the white felt cap worn by men, was a distinctively Albanian type of headgear both within the country and beyond its frontiers" [...] "Among the mountain people of the north it was hemispherical in form; at Kukés in the form of a truncated cone
  10. ^ Gillian Gloyer (2012). Bradt Albania. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-84162-387-0. Retrieved 14 April 2013. The best place in Albania to shop for souvenirs is Kruja, where all the shops are close together in the bazaar. There are traditional felt-makers, who produce slippers and the felt caps called qeleshe
  11. ^ Vaqarri, Sabina (2010). "TRADICIONALITET DHE RISI NE DASMËN TIRANASE". Albanological Research - Folklore and Ethnology Series (40): 313–322.
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