Ashton-under-Lyne (UK Parliament constituency)
Ashton under Lyne | |
---|---|
Borough constituency for the House of Commons | |
County | Greater Manchester |
Population | 90,484 (2011 census)[1] |
Electorate | 68,553 (December 2010)[2] |
Major settlements | Ashton-under-Lyne, Failsworth, and Droylsden |
Current constituency | |
Created | 1832 |
Member of Parliament | Angela Rayner (Labour) |
Seats | One |
Created from | Lancashire |
Ashton-under-Lyne is a constituency[n 1] centred on the town of Ashton-under-Lyne that is represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2015 by Angela Rayner of the Labour Party, who has served as Shadow Secretary of State for Education since 1 July 2016 and Shadow Minister for Women and Equalities since 27 June 2016.[n 2] It is considered a safe seat for Labour; in the most recent six national elections its voters have given strong majorities to the Labour Party candidate.
Boundaries
The constituency covers the Failsworth East, Failsworth West wards in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham and the Ashton Hurst, Ashton St. Michael's, St. Peter's, Ashton Waterloo, Droylsden East and Droylsden West wards of the Metropolitan Borough of Tameside.
1918–1949: The Municipal Borough of Ashton-under-Lyne, and the Urban District of Hurst.
1950–1955: The Municipal Boroughs of Ashton-under-Lyne, and Mossley; and the Rural District of Limehurst.
1955–1983: The Municipal Boroughs of Ashton-under-Lyne, and Mossley; and the Rural District of Droylsden.[3]
Members of Parliament
In the 1886 election, voting resulted in a tie between incumbent John Edmund Wentworth Addison and the Liberal candidate. Under the legislation of the time, the presiding officer had a casting vote, and Addison was reelected. In the by-election of 29 October 1928, the turnout was 89.1%, a record for Great Britain. The mayor arranged for the result to be signalled by coloured rockets.[5]
Elections
Elections in the 2010s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Angela Rayner | 24,005 | 60.4 | +10.6 | |
Conservative | Jack Rankin | 12,710 | 32.0 | +9.8 | |
UKIP | Maurice Jackson | 1,878 | 4.7 | -17.0 | |
Liberal Democrats | Carly Hicks | 646 | 1.6 | -0.8 | |
Green | Andy Hunter-Rossall | 534 | 1.3 | -2.6 | |
Majority | 11,295 | 28.4 | +0.8 | ||
Turnout | 39,773 | 58.8 | +1.3 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +0.4 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Angela Rayner | 19,366 | 49.8 | +1.4 | |
Conservative | Tracy Sutton | 8,610 | 22.1 | −2.6 | |
UKIP | Maurice Jackson | 8,468 | 21.8 | +17.4 | |
Green | Charlotte Hughes | 1,531 | 3.9 | +3.9 | |
Liberal Democrats | Carly Hicks | 943 | 2.4 | -12.4 | |
Majority | 10,756 | 27.6 | +3.9 | ||
Turnout | 38,918 | 57.5 | +0.6 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +2.0 |
UKIP originally selected Angela McManus as candidate,[8] but she changed to the Stalybridge and Hyde constituency.[9]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | David Heyes | 18,604 | 48.4 | −10.1 | |
Conservative | Seema Kennedy | 9,510 | 24.7 | +4.6 | |
Liberal Democrats | Paul Larkin[11] | 5,703 | 14.8 | +3.2 | |
BNP | David Lomas | 2,929 | 7.6 | +1.7 | |
UKIP | Angela McManus | 1,686 | 4.4 | +2.3 | |
Majority | 9,094 | 23.7 | -14.0 | ||
Turnout | 38,432 | 56.9 | +5.4 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | −7.3 |
Elections in the 2000s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | David Heyes | 21,211 | 57.4 | −5.1 | |
Conservative | Graeme Brown | 7,259 | 19.6 | +0.5 | |
Liberal Democrats | Les Jones | 5,108 | 13.8 | +2.0 | |
BNP | Anthony Jones | 2,051 | 5.5 | +1.0 | |
UKIP | John Whittaker | 768 | 2.1 | N/A | |
Local Community Party | Jack Crossfield | 570 | 1.5 | N/A | |
Majority | 13,952 | 37.7 | |||
Turnout | 36,967 | 51.3 | +2.2 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | -2.8 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | David Heyes | 22,340 | 62.5 | −5.0 | |
Conservative | Tim Charlesworth | 6,822 | 19.1 | +0.1 | |
Liberal Democrats | Kate Fletcher | 4,237 | 11.8 | +2.1 | |
BNP | Roger Woods | 1,617 | 4.5 | N/A | |
Green | Nigel Rolland | 748 | 2.1 | N/A | |
Majority | 15,518 | 43.4 | |||
Turnout | 35,764 | 49.1 | −16.3 | ||
Labour hold | Swing |
Elections in the 1990s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Robert Sheldon | 31,919 | 67.5 | +10.9 | |
Conservative | Richard Mayson | 8,954 | 18.9 | −12.5 | |
Liberal Democrats | Tim Pickstone | 4,603 | 9.7 | +0.5 | |
Referendum | Lorraine Clapham | 1,346 | 2.8 | N/A | |
Monster Raving Loony | Prince Cymbal | 458 | 1.0 | N/A | |
Majority | 22,965 | 48.6 | |||
Turnout | 47,280 | 65.5 | −8.4 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +11.7 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Robert Sheldon | 24,550 | 56.6 | +4.8 | |
Conservative | John R. Pinniger | 13,615 | 31.4 | +1.1 | |
Liberal Democrats | Charles W. Turner | 4,005 | 9.2 | −8.7 | |
Liberal | Colin L. Hall | 907 | 2.1 | −15.8 | |
Natural Law | John Brannigan | 289 | 0.7 | +0.7 | |
Majority | 10,935 | 25.2 | +3.7 | ||
Turnout | 43,366 | 73.9 | −0.1 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +1.9 |
Elections in the 1980s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Robert Sheldon | 22,389 | 51.8 | +2.1 | |
Conservative | Henry Cadman | 13,103 | 30.3 | −1.2 | |
Liberal | Mark Hunter | 7,760 | 18.0 | N/A | |
Majority | 9,286 | 21.5 | |||
Turnout | 43,250 | 74.0 | +2.4 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +1.7 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Robert Sheldon | 20,987 | 49.7 | −5.0 | |
Conservative | Richard Spring | 13,290 | 31.5 | −4.5 | |
SDP | John Adler | 7,521 | 17.8 | N/A | |
Independent | Dave Hallsworth | 407 | 1.0 | N/A | |
Majority | 7,697 | 18.2 | |||
Turnout | 42,196 | 71.6 | −5.0 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | −0.3 |
Elections in the 1970s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Robert Sheldon | 24,535 | 54.7 | +0.8 | |
Conservative | A. Fearn | 16,156 | 36.0 | +6.7 | |
Liberal | G. Taylor | 3,699 | 8.2 | −8.7 | |
National Front | D. Jones | 486 | 1.1 | N/A | |
Majority | 8,379 | 18.7 | |||
Turnout | 44,876 | 76.6 | +4.4 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | −3.0 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Robert Sheldon | 23,490 | 53.9 | +5.5 | |
Conservative | M. H. Litchfield | 12,763 | 29.3 | −1.6 | |
Liberal | T. G. Jones | 7,356 | 16.9 | −3.8 | |
Majority | 10,727 | 24.6 | |||
Turnout | 43,609 | 72.2 | −7.3 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +3.6 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Robert Sheldon | 23,019 | 48.4 | −6.1 | |
Conservative | Timothy Maxwell Aitken | 14,718 | 30.9 | −14.6 | |
Liberal | J. G. Jones | 9,837 | 20.7 | N/A | |
Majority | 8,301 | 17.5 | |||
Turnout | 47,574 | 79.5 | +8.1 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +4.3 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Robert Sheldon | 23,927 | 54.5 | −4.2 | |
Conservative | Alan d'A. Fearn | 19,973 | 45.5 | +4.2 | |
Majority | 3,954 | 9.0 | |||
Turnout | 43,900 | 71.4 | −2.3 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | −4.2 |
Elections in the 1960s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Robert Sheldon | 24,728 | 58.7 | +4.2 | |
Conservative | Henry Donald Moore | 17,396 | 41.3 | -4.2 | |
Majority | 7,332 | 17.4 | |||
Turnout | 42,124 | 73.7 | -3.7 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +4.2 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Robert Sheldon | 24,657 | 54.5 | +1.7 | |
Conservative | Henry Donald Moore | 20,550 | 45.5 | -1.7 | |
Majority | 4,107 | 9.1 | |||
Turnout | 45,213 | 77.4 | -3.7 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +1.7 |
Elections in the 1950s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Hervey Rhodes | 25,991 | 52.8 | +0.8 | |
Conservative | Robert Horrocks | 23,239 | 47.2 | -0.9 | |
Majority | 2,752 | 5.6 | |||
Turnout | 49,230 | 81.1 | +1.0 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +0.9 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Hervey Rhodes | 26,216 | 52.0 | -0.1 | |
Conservative | Edwin Hodson | 24,251 | 48.1 | +0.1 | |
Majority | 1,965 | 3.1 | |||
Turnout | 50,467 | 80.1 | -4.8 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | -0.1 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Hervey Rhodes | 21,424 | 52.1 | +1.5 | |
Conservative | Kenneth Lewis | 19,740 | 48.0 | -0.3 | |
Majority | 1,684 | 4.1 | |||
Turnout | 41,164 | 84.9 | -1.5 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +0.9 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Hervey Rhodes | 20,970 | 50.6 | -3.5 | |
Conservative | Gilbert Burdett Howcroft | 20,046 | 48.3 | +13.3 | |
Communist | H.H.H. Blackwell | 459 | 1.1 | N/A | |
Majority | 924 | 2.2 | |||
Turnout | 41,475 | 86.4 | +15.9 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | -8.4 |
Elections in the 1940s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Hervey Rhodes | 12,889 | 54.1 | −2.3 | |
Conservative | Robert Cary | 8,360 | 35.0 | −8.6 | |
Liberal | A. Beale | 2,604 | 10.9 | N/A | |
Majority | 4,529 | 19.1 | +6.3 | ||
Turnout | 70.5 | -8.1 | |||
Labour hold | Swing | +3.2 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | William Jowitt | 14,998 | 56.4 | +6.2 | |
Conservative | Francis Henry Gerard Heron Goodhart | 11,604 | 43.6 | -6.2 | |
Majority | 3,394 | 12.8 | |||
Turnout | 26,602 | 78.6 | -2.4 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +6.2 |
Elections in the 1930s
- William Jowitt won the Ashton-under-Lyne by-election, 1939 unopposed.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Fred Simpson | 14,140 | 50.2 | +13.1 | |
Conservative | John Broadbent | 14,026 | 49.8 | -2.7 | |
Majority | 114 | 0.4 | |||
Turnout | 28,166 | 81.0 | -4.3 | ||
Labour gain from Conservative | Swing | +7.9 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | John Broadbent | 15,652 | 52.5 | +7.9 | |
Labour | J. W. Gordon | 11,074 | 37.1 | -2.3 | |
Liberal | J. T. Middleton | 2,696 | 9.0 | N/A | |
New Party | Charles B. Hobhouse | 424 | 1.4 | -14.6 | |
Majority | 4,578 | 15.4 | |||
Turnout | 29,846 | 85.3 | +5.1 | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | +5.1 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | John Broadbent | 12,420 | 44.6 | +11.6 | |
Labour | J. W. Gordon | 11,005 | 39.4 | −5.0 | |
New Party | Allan Young | 4,472 | 16.0 | N/A | |
Majority | 1,415 | 5.2 | |||
Turnout | 27,897 | 80.2 | −5.7 | ||
Conservative gain from Labour | Swing | +8.3 |
Elections in the 1920s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Albert Bellamy | 13,170 | 44.4 | +3.8 | |
Unionist | John Broadbent | 9,763 | 33.0 | +2.7 | |
Liberal | William Gilbert Greenwood | 6,693 | 22.6 | -6.5 | |
Majority | 3,407 | 11.4 | |||
Turnout | 29,626 | 85.9 | -3.2 | ||
Labour hold | Swing | +0.6 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Albert Bellamy | 9,567 | 40.6 | +7.8 | |
Unionist | Gordon Touche | 7,161 | 30.3 | -9.2 | |
Liberal | William Gilbert Greenwood | 6,874 | 29.1 | +1.4 | |
Majority | 2,406 | 10.3 | |||
Turnout | 23,512 | 89.1 | +0.8 | ||
Labour gain from Unionist | Swing | +8.5 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | Cornelius Homan | 8,971 | 39.5 | +3.3 | |
Labour | Cecil L'Estrange Malone | 7,451 | 32.8 | +4.1 | |
Liberal | Henry Greenwood | 6,692 | 27.7 | -7.4 | |
Majority | 1,520 | 6.7 | |||
Turnout | 23,114 | 88.3 | +3.0 | ||
Unionist hold | Swing | -0.4 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | Walter de Frece | 7,813 | 36.2 | -21.4 | |
Liberal | Henry Greenwood | 7,574 | 35.1 | n/a | |
Labour | Ellen Wilkinson | 6,208 | 28.7 | -13.7 | |
Majority | 239 | 1.1 | -14.1 | ||
Turnout | 21,595 | 85.3 | +2.0 | ||
Unionist hold | Swing | n/a |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | Walter de Frece | 12,006 | 57.6 | +14.2 | |
Labour | Thomas William Gillinder | 8,834 | 42.4 | +2.8 | |
Majority | 3,172 | 15.2 | |||
Turnout | 20,840 | 83.3 | -1.0 | ||
Unionist hold | Swing | +5.7 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | 8,864 | 43.3 | −15.0 | ||
Labour | William Robinson | 8,127 | 39.6 | N/A | |
Liberal | Arthur Marshall | 3,511 | 17.1 | N/A | |
Majority | 738 | 3.7 | −12.9 | ||
Turnout | 20,502 | 82.3 | +13.9 | ||
Unionist hold | Swing | N/A |
- endorsed by Coalition Government
Elections in the 1910s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | 10,261 | 58.3 | +7.2 | ||
NFDDSS | Frederick Lister | 7,334 | 41.7 | n/a | |
Majority | 2,927 | 16.6 | |||
Turnout | 17,595 | 68.4 | |||
Unionist hold | Swing | n/a |
- endorsed by Coalition Government
In the Ashton-under-Lyne By-Election of 23 December 1916, Albert Henry Stanley, Conservative was elected unopposed.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Max Aitken | 4,044 | 51.1 | +5.5 | |
Liberal | Alfred Scott | 3,848 | 48.8 | -0.5 | |
Majority | 196 | 2.4 | |||
Turnout | 7,652 | 91.8 | -3.6 | ||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +3.0 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Alfred Scott | 4,039 | 49.3 | -7.0 | |
Conservative | Herbert Whiteley | 3,746 | 45.9 | +2.2 | |
Independent Labour | William Gee | 413 | 5.0 | ||
Majority | 293 | 3.6 | -9.0 | ||
Turnout | 8,198 | 95.4 | +2.6 | ||
Liberal hold | Swing | -4.6 |
Elections in the 1900s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Alfred Scott | 4,310 | 56.3 | +20.4 | |
Conservative | Herbert Whiteley | 3,342 | 43.7 | -9.4 | |
Majority | 968 | 12.6 | |||
Turnout | 7,652 | 92.8 | +6.6 | ||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | +14.8 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Herbert Whiteley | 3,545 | 53.1 | +0.5 | |
Liberal | Ernest Albert Parkin | 2,400 | 35.9 | -5.1 | |
Labour Repr. Cmte. | James Johnston | 737 | 11.0 | +4.6 | |
Majority | 1,145 | 17.2 | +5.6 | ||
Turnout | 6,682 | 86.2 | -5.1 | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | +2.8 |
Elections in the 1890s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Herbert Whiteley | 3,434 | 52.6 | +1.6 | |
Liberal | W. Woods | 2,680 | 41.0 | -8.0 | |
Ind. Labour Party | James Sexton | 415 | 6.4 | N/A | |
Majority | 754 | 11.6 | +9.6 | ||
Turnout | 6,529 | 91.3 | -2.6 | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | +4.8 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | John Addison | 3,358 | 51.0 | +1.0 | |
Liberal | Octavius Morgan | 3,223 | 49.0 | -1.0 | |
Majority | 135 | 2.0 | +2.0 | ||
Turnout | 6,581 | 93.9 | +0.8 | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | +1.0 |
Elections in the 1880s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | John Addison | 3,050* | 50.0 | -0.4 | |
Liberal | A B Rowley | 3,049 | 50.0 | +0.4 | |
Majority | 1 | 0.0 | -0.4 | ||
Turnout | 6,099 | 93.1 | -2.4 | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | -0.4 |
* Both candidates having received 3,049 votes each, Addison was elected on the Returning Officer's casting vote.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | John Addison | 3,153 | 50.4 | +3.8 | |
Liberal | Hugh Mason | 3,104 | 49.6 | -3.8 | |
Majority | 49 | 0.8 | |||
Turnout | 6,257 | 95.5 | +1.5 | ||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +3.8 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Hugh Mason | 2,966 | 53.4 | ||
Conservative | J. R. Coulthart | 2,586 | 46.6 | ||
Majority | 380 | 6.8 | |||
Turnout | 5552 | 94.0 | |||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing |
Elections in the 1870s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Thomas Mellor | ||||
Liberal | |||||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Conservative hold | Swing |
Elections in the 1860s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Thomas Mellor | 2,269 | 51.4 | ||
Liberal | Thomas Gibson | 2,147 | 48.6 | ||
Majority | 122 | 2.8 | |||
Turnout | 4416 | 91.6 | |||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing |
See also
- List of Parliamentary constituencies in Greater Manchester
- Ashton-under-Lyne by-election, 1920
- Ashton-under-Lyne by-election, 1928
- Ashton-under-Lyne by-election, 1931
- Ashton-under-Lyne by-election, 1939
- Ashton-under-Lyne by-election, 1945
Notes and references
- Notes
- ^ A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
- ^ As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.
- References
- ^ "Usual Resident Population, 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
- ^ "Electorate Figures – Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Craig, F.W.S., ed. (1972). Boundaries of parliamentary constituencies 1985-1972. Chichester, Sussex: Political Reference Publications. ISBN 0-900178-09-4.
- ^ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "A" (part 3)
- ^ Rallings & Thrasher. British Electoral Facts. p. 293.
- ^ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ^ "Ashton-under-Lyne". BBC News. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
- ^ "UKIP Tameside on Twitter".
- ^ "Angela McManus for Member of Parliament for Stalybridge and Hyde in the 2015 General Election". Who Can I Vote For? by Democracy Club.
- ^ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ^ "Ashton-under-Lyne". YourNextMP. Archived from the original on 17 April 2010. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Politics Resources". Election 1992. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Retrieved 6 Dec 2010.
- ^ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ^ The Times' Guide to the House of Commons. 1950.