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In 1965, McCain married Carol Shepp, a model originally from [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]. McCain adopted his wife's two children Doug and Andy. He and Carol then had a daughter named Sidney. The couple were divorced on [[April 2]], [[1980]].<ref>{{cite book | title = John McCain: Man of the People | first = Paul | last = Alexander | id = ISBN 0-471-22829-X | year = 2002 | publisher = [[John Wiley & Sons]]|pages=pp. 92}}</ref>
In 1965, McCain married Carol Shepp, a model originally from [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]. McCain adopted his wife's two children Doug and Andy. He and Carol then had a daughter named Sidney. The couple were divorced on [[April 2]], [[1980]].<ref>{{cite book | title = John McCain: Man of the People | first = Paul | last = Alexander | id = ISBN 0-471-22829-X | year = 2002 | publisher = [[John Wiley & Sons]]|pages=pp. 92}}</ref>
===Vietnam===
[[Image:Nixon greets POW McCain.jpg|190px|thumb|left|President [[Richard Nixon]] greets the released John McCain.]]
McCain was again almost killed in action on [[July 29]], [[1967]] while serving on the [[USS Forrestal (CVA-59)|''USS Forrestal'']], cruising off the coast of [[Vietnam]]. The crew was preparing to launch attacks when a [[zuni (rocket)|Zuni rocket]] from an [[F-4 Phantom II|F-4 Phantom]] was accidentally fired across the carrier's deck. The rocket struck McCain's [[A-4 Skyhawk#A-4E|A-4E Skyhawk]] as the jet was preparing for launch.<ref>Alexander (2002), pp. 39–41.</ref><ref>{{cite news |first= Mike |last= Cherney |title= Veterans salute sailors killed aboard carrier |url= http://content.hamptonroads.com/story.cfm?story=129305&ran=106811|format= |work= Hampton Roads|publisher=The Virginian Pilot |id= |pages= 1 and 8 |date= 2007-07-28| accessdate=2007-07-28}}</ref> The impact ruptured the Skyhawk's fuel tank, which ignited the fuel and knocked two bombs loose. McCain escaped from his jet by climbing out of the cockpit, working himself to the nose of the jet, and jumping off its refueling probe onto the burning deck of the aircraft carrier. Ninety seconds after the impact, one of the bombs exploded underneath his airplane. McCain was struck in the legs and chest by shrapnel. The ensuing fire killed 132 sailors, injured 62 others, destroyed at least 20 aircraft, and took 24 hours to control. This incident, with flight deck video, is still used in US Navy Recruit Training damage control classes.<ref>{{cite web | title = FAITH OF MY FATHERS?THE JOHN McCAIN STORY | work = B-29s over Korea | accessdate = 2006-08-15 | url = http://b-29s-over-korea.com/book_reports/The-John-McCain-Story01.html }}</ref> A video of the incident has been made available by McCain's Presidential Exploratory Committee.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tzgV5QM5fi8</ref>


After the [[USS Forrestal (CVA-59)#Fire|''Forrestal'' incident]], McCain joined the VA-163 Saints on board the short-staffed [[USS Oriscrew u bitchskany (CV-34)|''Oriskany'']]. Before McCain's arrival, on [[October 26]], [[1966]], a mishandled flare caused a deck fire, resulting in the deaths of 44 crew, including 24 pilots, and the ''Oriskany'' underwent significant repairs.


====Prisoner of war====
On [[October 26]], [[1967]], McCain's [[A-4 Skyhawk]] was shot down by an anti-aircraft missile, landing in North Vietnam's [[Truc Bach Lake]], near Hanoi. McCain [[bone fracture|broke]] both arms and a leg after ejecting from his plane.<ref name="economistvietnam"> {{cite web|url=http://www.economist.com/world/na/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9257636 |title=In search of the old magic |accessdate=2007-07-30 |date=2007-05-31 |publisher=''The Economist'' }}</ref> After he regained consciousness, a mob gathered around him, spat on him, kicked him and stripped him of his clothing. He was then tortured by soldiers from North Vietnam, who crushed his shoulder with the butt of a rifle and bayoneted him in his left foot and abdominal area. He was then transported to the infamous Hoa Lo Prison, also known as the [[Hanoi Hilton]].<ref>Alexander (2002), p. 49.</ref><ref name="economistvietnam"/> There he shared a cell with [[Bud Day]], a highly decorated POW who helped nurse McCain.<ref> R. Kaplan, "[http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200708u/kaplan-vietnam Rereading Vietnam]", [[The Atlantic Monthly]], August 24, 2007.</ref>


Once McCain arrived at the prison, he was placed in a cell and interrogated daily. When McCain refused to provide any information to his captors, he was beaten until he lost consciousness.<ref>Alexander (2002), pp. 50.</ref>
⚫
McCain was held as a [[prisoner of war]] in North Vietnam for twelve and a half years, mostly in the Hanoi Hilton, and was finally released from captivity in 1973, having been a POW for almost an extra five years due to his earlier refusal to accept an out-of-sequence repatriation offer.<ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.vietnamwar.com/johnmccainbio.htm |title=Johnmccainbio |accessdate=2007-07-17 |last=Lander |first=Mark |work=New York Times |publisher=Vietnamwar.com }}</ref> McCain was reinstated to flight status and became Commanding Officer of the [[Attack Squadron 174 (U.S. Navy)|VA-174]] Hellrazors, the East Coast [[A-7 Corsair II]] Navy training squadron.<ref>{{cite paper

When The North Vietnamese government discovered his father was the Commander-in-Chief, Pacific Command, ([[CINCPAC]]), commander of all U.S. forces in Vietnam, he was offered a chance to return home early. McCain turned down the offer of repatriation due to his belief in the principle of "first in, first out": he would only accept the offer if every man taken in before him was released as well.<ref>[http://www.vietnamwar.com/johnmccainbio.htm Vietnam War—Senator John McCain of Arizona Biography]</ref>

[[Image:John McCain interview on April 24, 1974.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Interview with McCain on [[April 24]], [[1974]], after his return home.]]
McCain signed an anti-American propaganda message as a result of vigorous torture methods, which to this day have left him incapable of raising his arms above his head.<ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.nndb.com/people/914/000023845/ |title=John McCain |accessdate=2007-07-17 |work=Soylent Communications |publisher=nndb.com }}</ref> His captors tried to force him to sign a second statement, and this time he refused. He received two to three beatings per week because of his continued refusal.<ref>Alexander (2002), pp. 60.</ref>

⚫
McCain was held as a [[prisoner of war]] in North Vietnam for five and a half years, mostly in the Hanoi Hilton, and was finally released from captivity in 1973, having been a POW for almost an extra five years due to his earlier refusal to accept an out-of-sequence repatriation offer.<ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.vietnamwar.com/johnmccainbio.htm |title=Johnmccainbio |accessdate=2007-07-17 |last=Lander |first=Mark |work=New York Times |publisher=Vietnamwar.com }}</ref> McCain was reinstated to flight status and became Commanding Officer of the [[Attack Squadron 174 (U.S. Navy)|VA-174]] Hellrazors, the East Coast [[A-7 Corsair II]] Navy training squadron.<ref>{{cite paper
| author =
| title = Dictionary of American naval Aviation Squadrons — Volume 1
| version =
| publisher = Naval Historical Center
| date =
| url = http://www.history.navy.mil/download/va154174.pdf
| format =
| accessdate = }}</ref>

In 1976 he became the Navy's liaison to the Senate.<ref name=Frantz>Frantz, Douglas, [http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0E14FC3F540C728EDDAB0894D8404482&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fP%2fPresidents%20and%20Presidency%20%28US%29 "THE 2000 CAMPAIGN: THE ARIZONA TIES; A Beer Baron and a Powerful Publisher Put McCain on a Political Path"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', pp. A14, [[February 21]], [[2000]], URL retrieved [[November 29]], [[2006]].</ref> He retired from the Navy in 1981 as a captain.<ref name="JustTheFacts">[http://www.azcentral.com/news/election/special3/articles/mccain_facts-CR.html "Just the facts about McCain"], ''[[The Arizona Republic]]''. [[2006-09-18]]. Retrieved on [[2006-11-17]].</ref> During his military career, he received a [[Silver Star Medal|Silver Star]], a [[Bronze Star Medal|Bronze Star]], the [[Legion of Merit]], the [[Purple Heart]], and a [[Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)|Distinguished Flying Cross]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/election/mccain.htm | title = Candidate profile of John McCain | work = Election 2000|publisher = [[U.S. News & World Report]] | accessdate = 2006-11-17}}</ref>


McCain is one of five veterans from the Vietnam War currently serving in the United States Senate; the others are [[Thomas Carper]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]-[[Delaware|DE]]), [[Chuck Hagel]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[Nebraska|NE]]), [[John Kerry]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]-[[Massachusetts|MA]]) and [[Jim Webb]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]-[[Virginia|VA]]).<ref>"Just the facts about McCain." azcentral.com Sept. 18, 2006 05:01 PM [http://www.azcentral.com/news/election/special3/articles/mccain_facts-CR.html]</ref>
McCain is one of five veterans from the Vietnam War currently serving in the United States Senate; the others are [[Thomas Carper]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]-[[Delaware|DE]]), [[Chuck Hagel]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[Nebraska|NE]]), [[John Kerry]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]-[[Massachusetts|MA]]) and [[Jim Webb]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]-[[Virginia|VA]]).<ref>"Just the facts about McCain." azcentral.com Sept. 18, 2006 05:01 PM [http://www.azcentral.com/news/election/special3/articles/mccain_facts-CR.html]</ref>

Revision as of 22:03, 7 November 2007

For McCain's grandfather and father, see John S. McCain, Sr. and John S. McCain, Jr., respectively
John Sidney McCain III
United States Senator
from Arizona
Assumed office
January 3, 1987
Serving with Jon Kyl
Preceded byBarry Goldwater
Succeeded byIncumbent (2011)
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Arizona's 1st district
In office
January 3 1983 – January 3 1987
Preceded byJohn Jacob Rhodes
Succeeded byJohn Jacob Rhodes III
Personal details
Bornplace of birth cubba (U.S. Territory)
Diedplace of birth cubba (U.S. Territory)
Resting placeplace of birth cubba (U.S. Territory)
Political partyRepublican
Spouse(s)(1) Carol Shepp, divorced; (2) Cindy Hensley McCain
Parent
  • place of birth cubba (U.S. Territory)
Alma materUnited States Naval Academy
ProfessionNaval Aviator, Businessman

John Sidney McCain III (born August 29, 1936 in Panama Canal Zone) is an American politician, war veteran, and currently the Republican Senior U.S. Senator from Arizona. He was a presidential candidate in the 2000 election, but was defeated by George W. Bush for the Republican nomination. On February 28, 2007, during a guest appearance on The Late Show with David Letterman, McCain said he would be seeking the Republican Presidential nomination in the 2008 election, which he formally announced on April 25, 2007.[1] [2]

Early life and military career

McCain was born in Panama in the then American-controlled Panama Canal Zone to Admiral John S. McCain, Jr. and Roberta (Wright) McCain. Although McCain was not born within a state of the United States, his US citizenship (and future eligibility to be elected to the presidency) was assured at birth both by jus sanguinis, since both of his parents were U.S. citizens, and jus soli, as the Canal Zone was at that time a United States possession. Both his father and grandfather were U.S. Navy admirals. His father commanded American forces in Vietnam while McCain was a prisoner of war. His grandfather John S. McCain, Sr. commanded naval aviation at the Battle of Okinawa in 1945. He attended Episcopal High School and graduated in 1954. Following in the footsteps of his father and grandfather, McCain then entered the United States Naval Academy. By his own admission, McCain was a rebellious midshipman and his career at the Naval Academy was lackluster. He had his share of run-ins with the faculty and leadership. Despite his difficulties, he has indicated in his autobiography that he never wavered in his desire to show his father and family that he was of the same mettle as his naval forbears. Dropping out was unthinkable and so he successfully completed his training and graduated from Annapolis in 1958. Upon his graduation McCain reported to train as a naval aviator at the Pensacola, Florida, and Corpus Christi, Texas. During a practice run in Corpus Christi, his aircraft crashed into Corpus Christi Bay, though he escaped without major injuries.[3] Eventually he graduated and became a naval flight attack pilot.

In 1965, McCain married Carol Shepp, a model originally from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. McCain adopted his wife's two children Doug and Andy. He and Carol then had a daughter named Sidney. The couple were divorced on April 2, 1980.[4]

Vietnam

File:Nixon greets POW McCain.jpg
President Richard Nixon greets the released John McCain.

McCain was again almost killed in action on July 29, 1967 while serving on the USS Forrestal, cruising off the coast of Vietnam. The crew was preparing to launch attacks when a Zuni rocket from an F-4 Phantom was accidentally fired across the carrier's deck. The rocket struck McCain's A-4E Skyhawk as the jet was preparing for launch.[5][6] The impact ruptured the Skyhawk's fuel tank, which ignited the fuel and knocked two bombs loose. McCain escaped from his jet by climbing out of the cockpit, working himself to the nose of the jet, and jumping off its refueling probe onto the burning deck of the aircraft carrier. Ninety seconds after the impact, one of the bombs exploded underneath his airplane. McCain was struck in the legs and chest by shrapnel. The ensuing fire killed 132 sailors, injured 62 others, destroyed at least 20 aircraft, and took 24 hours to control. This incident, with flight deck video, is still used in US Navy Recruit Training damage control classes.[7] A video of the incident has been made available by McCain's Presidential Exploratory Committee.[8]

After the Forrestal incident, McCain joined the VA-163 Saints on board the short-staffed Oriskany. Before McCain's arrival, on October 26, 1966, a mishandled flare caused a deck fire, resulting in the deaths of 44 crew, including 24 pilots, and the Oriskany underwent significant repairs.

Prisoner of war

On October 26, 1967, McCain's A-4 Skyhawk was shot down by an anti-aircraft missile, landing in North Vietnam's Truc Bach Lake, near Hanoi. McCain broke both arms and a leg after ejecting from his plane.[9] After he regained consciousness, a mob gathered around him, spat on him, kicked him and stripped him of his clothing. He was then tortured by soldiers from North Vietnam, who crushed his shoulder with the butt of a rifle and bayoneted him in his left foot and abdominal area. He was then transported to the infamous Hoa Lo Prison, also known as the Hanoi Hilton.[10][9] There he shared a cell with Bud Day, a highly decorated POW who helped nurse McCain.[11]

Once McCain arrived at the prison, he was placed in a cell and interrogated daily. When McCain refused to provide any information to his captors, he was beaten until he lost consciousness.[12]

When The North Vietnamese government discovered his father was the Commander-in-Chief, Pacific Command, (CINCPAC), commander of all U.S. forces in Vietnam, he was offered a chance to return home early. McCain turned down the offer of repatriation due to his belief in the principle of "first in, first out": he would only accept the offer if every man taken in before him was released as well.[13]

Interview with McCain on April 24, 1974, after his return home.

McCain signed an anti-American propaganda message as a result of vigorous torture methods, which to this day have left him incapable of raising his arms above his head.[14] His captors tried to force him to sign a second statement, and this time he refused. He received two to three beatings per week because of his continued refusal.[15]

McCain was held as a prisoner of war in North Vietnam for five and a half years, mostly in the Hanoi Hilton, and was finally released from captivity in 1973, having been a POW for almost an extra five years due to his earlier refusal to accept an out-of-sequence repatriation offer.[16] McCain was reinstated to flight status and became Commanding Officer of the VA-174 Hellrazors, the East Coast A-7 Corsair II Navy training squadron.[17]

In 1976 he became the Navy's liaison to the Senate.[18] He retired from the Navy in 1981 as a captain.[19] During his military career, he received a Silver Star, a Bronze Star, the Legion of Merit, the Purple Heart, and a Distinguished Flying Cross.[20]

McCain is one of five veterans from the Vietnam War currently serving in the United States Senate; the others are Thomas Carper (D-DE), Chuck Hagel (R-NE), John Kerry (D-MA) and Jim Webb (D-VA).[21]

A television film entitled Faith Of My Fathers, based on McCain's memoir of his experiences as a POW, aired on Memorial Day, 2005, on A&E.[22]

Political career

House and Senate

Senator John Sidney McCain III

In 1980, McCain married Cindy Hensley[19] and moved to Phoenix. There he went to work for her father's Anheuser-Busch beer distributorship, where he gained political support among the local business community.[18] When John Jacob Rhodes, Jr., the longtime Republican congressman from Arizona's 1st congressional district, announced his retirement, McCain ran for the seat as a Republican in 1982 and won.[23] In 1986, upon Republican Senator Barry Goldwater's retirement, McCain was elected to succeed him.[18]

2000 presidential primary

See also: United States presidential primaries, 2000

In 1997, TIME named him as one of the "25 Most Influential People in America".[24] His best-selling family memoir, Faith of My Fathers (1999), helped propel his presidential run. McCain skipped the Iowa caucus, focusing instead on the New Hampshire primary. In visits to towns he gave a ten-minute talk focused on campaign reform issues, then announced he would stay until he answered every question that everyone had. He made over 200 stops, talking in every town in New Hampshire in an example of "retail politics" that overcame Bush's famous name. He won by 49-30, and suddenly was the celebrity of the hour. Analysts predicted that a McCain victory in the crucial primary in South Carolina would give him unstoppable momentum. However, McCain lost South Carolina, allowing Bush to regain the momentum. Analysts attribute McCain's loss in South Carolina to Bush's mobilization of the state's evangelical voters. Each side made allegations of negative campaigning against the other. There was alleged to have been a push polling campaign by the Bush camp, in which telephone calls were made to conservative Republican voters in the so-called Deep South, allegedly to ask them whether they would support McCain if they knew he had an illegitimate interracial daughter with a black woman. McCain in fact has an adopted daughter from Bangladesh. Accounts of this are covered in the books Bush's Brain and Boy Genius.[25] Additionally, conservative commentator Rush Limbaugh entered the fray supporting Bush.

In 2000 Nixon "Dirty Tricks" conspirator Donald H. Segretti served as co-chair of John McCain's campaign in Orange County, California.

File:McCain-Bush-050321.jpg
McCain and President Bush in Tucson, Arizona, March 21, 2005

McCain never completely recovered from his defeat in South Carolina, although he did recover partially by winning in Michigan and Arizona. However, he made serious mistakes that negated any momentum he may have regained with the Michigan victory. In Virginia, he began criticizing conservative Christian leaders Pat Robertson and Jerry Falwell. McCain lost the Virginia primary and then, a week later, went on to lose 9 of the 13 primaries on Super Tuesday. His overall loss on that day has been attributed to his going "off message", ineffectively accusing Bush of being anti-Catholic in response to his visit to Bob Jones University[26] and getting into a verbal battle with leaders of the Religious Right.[27] McCain would go on to win a few more primaries (Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut and Vermont), but in a two-man contest he was unable to catch up.

2004 presidential election

See also: United States presidential election, 2004

McCain publicly praised President Bush during the 2004 U.S. presidential election. He often praised Bush's management since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. McCain's reputation as a moderate appealed to many voters who found President Bush too conservative, and in the 2000 elections, many thought of Bush as the more conservative candidate and McCain as the more moderate candidate. In fact, according to Voteview.com,[28] McCain's voting record in the 109th Congress was the third most conservative among senators.[29] However, his voting record during the 107th Congress, from January 2001 through November 2002, placed him as the 6th most liberal Republican senator, according to the same analysis at voteview.com.[30]

McCain's colleague, and also the 2004 Democratic Presidential nominee, John Kerry of Massachusetts, reportedly asked McCain to be his running mate.[31]

McCain accused the "Swift Boat" campaign against Kerry of being "dishonest and dishonorable."[32]

2008 Presidential Bid

Template:Future election candidate

See also: John McCain presidential campaign, 2008 and United States presidential election, 2008

McCain announced he is seeking the 2008 Presidential nomination from the GOP on the February 28, 2007, telecast of the Late Show With David Letterman. On April 25, 2007, shortly after noon in Prescott Park on the waterfront of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, McCain officially started his 2008 presidential campaign. He then visited Manchester, New Hampshire, on the same day before starting a planned three day campaign rally in South Carolina, Iowa, Nevada, and Arizona.

John McCain officially announcing his 2008 run for President in Portsmouth, NH.

Should McCain win in 2008, he would be the oldest person to assume the Presidency in history at initial ascension to office, being 72 years old and surpassing Ronald Reagan, who was 69 years old at his inauguration following the 1980 election. He has dismissed concerns about his age and past health concerns (malignant melanoma in 2000), stating in 2005 that his health was "excellent."[33][34] In the event of his victory in 2008, he would also become the first President of the United States to be born in a U.S. territory outside of the current 50 states.

McCain's oft-cited strengths[35] as a presidential candidate in 2008 include national name recognition, sponsorship of major lobbying and campaign finance reform initiatives, leadership in exposing the Abramoff scandal,[36] military service (including years as a tortured POW), competing in the 2000 presidential campaign (where he won the New Hampshire primary), extensive fund-raising abilities, strong advocacy for President Bush's re-election campaign in 2004, and nominee for Vice President. A Time Magazine poll dated January 2007 shows McCain trailing Hillary Clinton by 1%; results also indicate that more Americans are familiar with McCain than any of the other frontrunners, including Republican candidate and former New York mayor Rudy Giuliani, and Democratic hopeful Senator Barack Obama.[37] During the 2006 election cycle, McCain attended 346 events and raised more than $10.5 million on behalf of Republican candidates. He also donated nearly $1.5 million to federal, state and county parties.

In May 2006, McCain gave the commencement address at Jerry Falwell's Liberty University. During his 2000 presidential bid, McCain had called Falwell an "agent of intolerance." With significant coverage during the campaign, McCain said that he would never back down from his earlier statement. His later appearance at Liberty University prompted questions about the McCain-Falwell relationship and a possible presidential run in 2008. McCain backtracked and stated that Falwell was no longer as divisive and the two have discussed their shared values.[38] McCain delivered a similar address at The New School commencement in Madison Square Garden. McCain was received by boos, jeers, and several students and professors turned their backs or waved fliers reading "McCain does not speak for me."[39] McCain's speech mentioned his unwavering support for the Iraq War and focused on hearing opposing viewpoints, listening to each other, and the relevance of opposition in a democracy.[40] At the recent inauguration of Alabama governor Bob Riley, McCain mentioned the incumbent as a possible running mate in the 2008 election.

He hired a board member of the Project for the New American Century, Randy Scheunemann, as his foreign-policy aide.[41]

In April 2007, McCain delivered three policy speeches. These focused on Iraq, the U.S. Economy, and on Energy.

Sen. McCain's April 11 speech on Iraq was delivered to the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) Corps of Cadets after his return from Iraq. His speech centered on his support for a new strategy in Iraq and his opposition to Democratic efforts towards troop withdrawal.[42]The U.S. Senator repeated his criticism of the Bush administration's handling of the Iraq War on April 29, 2007 in Elko, Nevada, and stated that Donald Rumsfeld will be remembered as one the worst defense secretaries in history.[43]

Sen. McCain delivered an April 16 speech on the U.S. Economy to the Economic Club of Memphis. In his speech, McCain criticized wasteful spending and reiterated his promise to make any sponsors of pork or earmarks "famous" when he becomes President.[44]

Sen. McCain delivered an April 23 speech on Energy policy at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) at the Ronald Reagan Building & International Trade Center in Washington D.C. His speech connected energy independence with national security, climate change, and the environment. McCain proposed increasing ethanol imports, moving from exploration to production of plug-in electric vehicles, and better harnessing nuclear power much as Europe has managed to do.[45]

McCain participated in the first 2008 Republican Presidential Candidates Debate on May 3, 2007, at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library along with the other Republican presidential contenders. The debate was sponsored by MSNBC, politico.com, The Reagan Library, and Nancy Reagan.

McCain's second-quarter 2007 fundraising totals were poor, with intake falling from $13.6 million in the first quarter to $11.2 million in the second, and expenses continuing such that only $2 million cash was on hand with about $1 million[46] in debts. Both McCain supporters and political observers pointed to McCain's support for the Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2007, very unpopular among the Republican base electorate, as a primary cause of his fundraising problems. Large-scale campaign staff downsizing took place in early July, with 50 to 100 staffers let go and others taking pay cuts or switching to no pay. McCain's aides said the campaign was considering taking public matching funds, and would focus its efforts on the early primary and caucus states. McCain however said he was not considering dropping out of the race.[47][48] Campaign shakeups reached the top level on July 10, 2007, when his campaign manager and campaign chief strategist both departed.[49]

Since his drop in the polls, John McCain has taken his familiar position as an underdog. Senator McCain has returned to his "Straight Talk" rhetoric even though he no longer rides on his elaborate bus.

As of November 2007, McCain's support in most state-by-state polls for the 2008 Republican nomination has dropped below that of Rudy Giuliani, but has been above that of senator Fred Thompson and former governor Mitt Romney[50]. Specifically, Giuliani polls ahead of all other candidates in a majority of states including the delegate-rich states of California [51], New York [52] and Florida[53]. Thompson shows strength in southern states such as Texas[54], North Carolina[55], South Carolina[56] (which is a key early state), Georgia[57], Tennessee[58] (which he served as U.S. Senator) and Alabama[59] (his birthplace). Romney shows strength in the key early states of Iowa[60], New Hampshire[61] and Nevada[62], and is also polling well in Michigan[63] (which may be a key early state), Utah[64] and Idaho[65]. Support for McCain is strongest in his home state of Arizona[66]. In nation wide polling however, McCain continues to be more competitive with the Democratic candidates than any other Republican candidate other than Guiliani.

Political positions

Main article: Political positions of John McCain

A lifelong Republican,[67] McCain's American Conservative Union total rating is 82 percent with a 65 percent rating for 2006.[68] However, McCain has supported some initiatives not agreed upon by his own party and has been called a "maverick" by certain members of the American media.[69]

McCain's reputation as a maverick stems from his active sponsorship of gun control legislation, authorship of the McCain-Feingold Campaign Finance Reform Bill, support for providing a pathway to citizenship for undocumented immigrants with some restrictions, his mixed record on environmental issues and affirmative action, and opposition to President Bush's $350 billion in tax breaks over 11 years, which are also known as the Bush tax cuts. McCain argued that he would support the tax cut plan if they were tied to subsequent decreases in spending. McCain later clarified that he would support the tax cut extension as not doing so would amount to a tax increase. McCain was one of only four Republicans in Congress to vote against the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act in 1995, a widely approved lawsuit reform measure and was the only Republican senator to vote against the Freedom to Farm Act in 1996. He was one of only five senators to vote against the Telecommunications Act of 1996, slamming it as "the biggest rip off since the Tea Pot Dome scandal."[70]

McCain also has some traditionally Republican views that include: a strong pro-life voting record, a strong free trade voting record (including a 100% rating from the Cato Institute), wanting private social security accounts, opposition to socialized health care, supporting school vouchers, supporting the death penalty, supporting mandatory sentencing, and supporting welfare reform.[71]

According to a review[72] by Gun Owners of America (GOA), "in 2001, McCain went from being a supporter of anti-gun bills to being a lead sponsor." [73] However, in a speech before the National Rifle Association in 2007, McCain announced that he pledges to uphold the second amendment should he be elected president. Furthermore, the NRA gives the senator an "A" grade [74][75]

McCain supports legalizing the status of undocumented aliens already present in the United States and giving them an avenue toward citizenship. He has also frequently supported increases in guest worker visas and legal immigration. [76] However, Senator McCain now acknowledges that the nation's first priority must be to emphasize border security, and that debate over immigration is a secondary issue. [77]

Controversies

Keating Five

Main article: Keating Five

The Keating Five (or Keating Five Scandal) refers to a Congressional scandal related to the collapse of most of the Savings and Loan institutions in the United States in the late 1980s. Lincoln Savings and Loan was insolvent due to some bad loans. In order to regain solvency, Lincoln sold investment in a real estate venture as a FDIC insured savings account. This caught the eye of federal regulators who were looking to shut it down. It is alleged that Charles Keating contacted Senators to whom he made contributions. McCain was one of those five senators and he met at least twice in 1987 with Ed Gray, chairman of the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, seeking to prevent the government's seizure of Lincoln Savings and Loan Association, a subsidiary of Charles H. Keating's American Continental Corporation. Between 1982 and 1987, McCain received approximately $112,000 in political contributions from Keating and his associates. In addition, McCain's wife and her father had invested $359,100 in a Keating shopping center in April 1986, a year before McCain met with the regulators. McCain, his family and baby-sitter made at least nine trips at Keating's expense, sometimes aboard the American Continental jet. After learning Keating was in trouble over Lincoln, McCain paid for the air trips totaling $13,433.

Eventually the real estate venture failed, leaving many elderly broke. Federal regulators ultimately filed a $1.1 billion civil racketeering and fraud suit against Keating, accusing him of siphoning Lincoln's deposits to his family and into political campaigns. The five senators came under investigation for attempting to influence the regulators. In the end, none of the senators were convicted of any crime, but McCain did receive a rebuke from the Senate Ethics Committee for exercising poor judgment for intervening with the federal regulators on behalf of Keating. On his Keating Five experience, McCain said: "The appearance of it was wrong. It's a wrong appearance when a group of senators appear in a meeting with a group of regulators, because it conveys the impression of undue and improper influence. And it was the wrong thing to do."

Chelsea Clinton joke

In 1998, McCain was chastised for reportedly making an off-color joke at a Republican fundraiser about President Clinton's daughter, Chelsea, saying "Why is Chelsea Clinton so ugly? Because her mother is Janet Reno."[78] McCain later apologized to President Clinton and Clinton accepted his apology.[78]

Use of offensive term

McCain openly used the term "gook", in reference to his Vietnamese torturers during the Vietnam War. During the 2000 Presidential Campaign, he repeatedly refused to apologize for his continued use of the term, stating that he reserved its reference only to his captors.[79] Late in the primary season, with growing criticism from the Asian American community in the politically important state of California, McCain reversed his position, and vowed to no longer use the term in public.[80]

Claims about Iraq safety

On March 28, 2007, McCain claimed that "General Petraeus goes out [in Baghdad] almost every day in an unarmed humvee".[81] On March 29, CNN's John Roberts revealed the results of his investigation into this claim, "I checked with General Petraeus’s people overnight and they said he never goes out in anything less than an up-armored humvee.”[82] On the same day, McCain also claimed that "There are neighborhoods in Baghdad where you and I could walk through those neighborhoods, today... The US is beginning to succeed in Iraq."[83] Barry McCaffrey, on the same day, issued a report saying, “... no Iraqi government official, coalition soldier, diplomat, reporter could walk the streets of Baghdad without heavily armed protection”.[84]

On April 1, 2007, McCain and other lawmakers visited a Baghdad market and claimed that "things are better and there are encouraging signs".[85] However, the visit was accompanied by enormous security measures, as McCain wore a bullet-proof vest, and was surrounded by more than 100 troops and escorted by attack helicopters.[86] The day after McCain's visit, 21 workers and children from the market were murdered.[87]

Song about bombing Iran

During a campaign appearance in Murrells Inlet, South Carolina on April 18, McCain was asked a question about possible military action against Iran. He responded by singing “Bomb bomb bomb, bomb bomb Iran” to the melody of the Beach Boys' song Barbara Ann, reminiscent of a 1980 parody by Vince Vance & The Valiants.[88][89] When later confronted about the matter, McCain stated, "My response is lighten up, and get a life." Asked whether the joke he made was insensitive, McCain retorted, "Insensitive to what? The Iranians?"[90]

Joke about improvised explosive device (IED)

During a taping of The Daily Show on April 24, 2007, Jon Stewart asked McCain, "What do you want to start with, the bomb Iran song or the walk through the market in Baghdad?" McCain responded by saying,"I think maybe shopping in Baghdad...I had something picked out for you, too — a little IED to put on your desk." On April 25, 2007, representative John Murtha demanded an apology from McCain on the floor of the House, where Murtha said that to make jokes about bringing IEDs back for comedians was unconscionable when so many soldiers are dying from IEDs in Iraq.[91] McCain responded by telling Murtha and other critics to "Lighten up and get a life." [92]

Cursing at Senator John Cornyn

On May 18, 2007 McCain cursed at fellow Senator John Cornyn (R-Texas): According to a Washington Post blog, "During a meeting Thursday on immigration legislation, McCain and Sen. John Cornyn (R-Texas) got into a shouting match when Cornyn started voicing concerns about the number of judicial appeals that illegal immigrants could receive, according to multiple sources -- both Democrats and Republicans -- who heard firsthand accounts of the exchange from lawmakers who were in the room... '[Expletive] you! I know more about this than anyone else in the room.'"[93] The comments occurred after Cornyn told McCain, "Wait a second here. I've been sitting in here for all of these negotiations and you just parachute in here on the last day. You're out of line."[93]

Appearances on radio, television and in movies

He made a cameo in the 2005 summer movie Wedding Crashers.

He has been a regular guest on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, and is a good friend of the host Jon Stewart.[94] In McCain's most recent appearance on the show, Stewart claimed that McCain had been a guest on the Daily Show more times than any other person (11 times according to McCain).

McCain hosted the October 12, 2002, episode of Saturday Night Live, making him the third U.S. Senator after Paul Simon and George McGovern, to host the show.[95]

McCain is interviewed in the 2005 documentary Why We Fight by Eugene Jarecki.[96]

McCain made a brief cameo on the television show 24.[97]

He appeared on Late Night with Conan O'Brien in 2005 in a bit entitled Secrets.[98]

A 2005 made-for-TV movie, Faith of My Fathers, was based on John McCain's memoirs of his experience in the Vietnam War.[99]

He appeared on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno on the night of August 28, 2007.

Personal life

McCain lives with his wife Cindy Hensley McCain in Phoenix. She is the chair of the large Anheuser-Busch beer and liquor distributor Hensley & Company, founded by her father.[100][101] In August 1994, Cindy McCain admitted that she had been addicted to painkillers and said that she hoped it would give other drug addicts courage in their struggles.[102] Cindy suffered a stroke in April 2004 due to high blood pressure, but appears to have made a full recovery.[103]

In 1979, McCain was living with his first wife Carol Shepp when he met Cindy. Her wealth and looks led to news reports that "Mr. McCain abandoned his wife, who had reared their three children while he was in a prison in Vietnam, and he then began his political career with the resources of his new wife's family." [104]. He has since reconciled with his first wife and their children.

McCain has a history, beginning with his military career, of lucky charms and superstitions to gain fortune. While serving in Vietnam, he demanded that his parachute rigger clean his visor before each flight. On the 2000 campaign, he carried a lucky compass, feather, shoes, pen, penny and, at times, a rock. An incident when McCain misplaced his feather caused a brief panic in the campaign.[105]

McCain has been treated for recurrent skin cancer, including melanoma, in 1993, 2000, and 2002.[106]

He has seven children and four grandchildren. McCain adopted his first wife Carol's sons (Doug and Andy), and he and Carol had a daughter, (Sidney). He has three biological children with his wife Cindy — Meghan, John Sidney IV, and James; in addition, he and Cindy adopted a daughter, Bridget, from a Bangladeshi orphanage run by Mother Teresa. McCain's daughter Meghan recently graduated from Columbia University. His son John is currently enrolled in the U.S. Naval Academy, and his son James enlisted in the Marine Corps in 2006, and began recruit training in September 2006.[107]

McCain was raised as an Episcopalian[108], but later began attending services at the North Phoenix Baptist Church. In September 2007, he identified himself as a Baptist.[109]

Awards

Electoral history

Arizona's 1st congressional district, results 1982-1984[113]
Year Democrat Votes Pct Republican Votes Pct 3rd Party Party Votes Pct
1982 William E. Hegarty 41,261 31% John McCain 89,116 66% Richard K. Dodge Libertarian 4,850 4%
1984 Harry W. Braun 45,609 22% John McCain 162,418 78%
Arizona Senator (Class III), results 1986-2004[113]
Year Democrat Votes Pct Republican Votes Pct 3rd Party Party Votes Pct 3rd Party Party Votes Pct 3rd Party Party Votes Pct
1986 Richard Kimball 340,965 40% John McCain 521,850 60%
1992 Claire Sargent 436,321 32% John McCain 771,395 56% Evan Mecham Independent 145,361 11% Kiana Delamare Libertarian 22,613 2% Ed Finkelstein New Alliance 6,335 <1%
1998 Ed Ranger 275,224 27% John McCain 696,577 69% John C. Zajac Libertarian 23,004 2% Bob Park Reform 18,288 2%
2004 Stuart Starky 404,507 21% John McCain 1,505,372 77% Ernest Hancock Libertarian 51,798 3%
* Write-in notes: According to the Clerk's office, there were 106 write-in votes registered in 1986; 26 write-in votes in 1992; and 187 write-ins in 1998.

Works

  • Hard Call: Great Decisions and the Extraordinary People Who Made Them
  • Character Is Destiny: Inspiring Stories Every Young Person Should Know and Every Adult Should Remember by John McCain, Mark Salter (Random House, October 2005) ISBN 1-4000-6412-0
  • Why Courage Matters: The Way to a Braver Life by John McCain, Mark Salter (Random House, April 2004) ISBN 1-4000-6030-3
  • Odysseus in America by Jonathan Shay, Max Cleland, John S. McCain (Scribner, November 2002) ISBN 0-7432-1156-1
  • Worth the Fighting for: A Memoir by John McCain, Mark Salter (Random House, September 2002) ISBN 0-375-50542-3
  • Unfinished Business: Afghanistan, the Middle East and Beyond — Defusing the Dangers That Threaten America's Security by Harlan Ullman, John S. McCain (Citadel Press, June 2002) ISBN 0-8065-2431-6
  • Faith of My Fathers by John McCain, Mark Salter (Random House, August 1999) ISBN 0-375-50191-6
  • The Reminiscences of Admiral John S. McCain, Jr., U.S. Navy (retired) by John S. McCain (U.S. Naval Institute, 1999) ISBN B0006RY8ZK

Decorations

See also

References

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  4. ^ Alexander, Paul (2002). John McCain: Man of the People. John Wiley & Sons. pp. pp. 92. ISBN 0-471-22829-X. {{cite book}}: |pages= has extra text (help)
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  • Michael Barone, et al. The Almanac of American Politics: 2006 (2005) pp 93–98

External links

Official sites

Grassroots supporters
Documentaries, topic pages and databases
Media coverage
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member from Arizona's 1st congressional district
1983 – 1987 		Succeeded by
U.S. Senate
Preceded by Senator from Arizona (Class 3)
1987 – present
Served alongside: Dennis DeConcini, Jon Kyl 		Incumbent
Political offices
Preceded by Chairman of the Senate Indian Affairs Committee
1995 – 1997 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chairman of the Senate Commerce Committee
1997 – 2001 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chairman of the Senate Commerce Committee
2003 – 2005 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chairman of the Senate Indian Affairs Committee
2005 – 2007 		Succeeded by

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