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==Early life==
==Early life==
{{British Royal Family}}
{{British Royal Family}}
{{see also|Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge}}
Catherine Elizabeth Middleton was born at [[Royal Berkshire Hospital]] in [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]] on 9 January 1982, and [[infant baptism|christened]] at St Andrew's Bradfield, Berkshire, on 20 June 1982.<ref>{{cite web
Catherine Elizabeth Middleton was born at [[Royal Berkshire Hospital]] in [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]] on 9 January 1982, and [[infant baptism|christened]] at St Andrew's Bradfield, Berkshire, on 20 June 1982.<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.royal.gov.uk/ThecurrentRoyalFamily/TheDuchessofCambridge/TheDuchessofCambridge.aspx|title = The Duchess of Cambridge
|url = http://www.royal.gov.uk/ThecurrentRoyalFamily/TheDuchessofCambridge/TheDuchessofCambridge.aspx|title = The Duchess of Cambridge

Revision as of 11:33, 16 July 2013

"Duchess of Cambridge" redirects here. For other uses, see Duchess of Cambridge (disambiguation).

Catherine
Duchess of Cambridge (more)
The Duchess of Cambridge at Trooping the Colour in 2013
Born (1982-01-09) 9 January 1982 (age 42)
Reading, Berkshire, England, UK
SpousePrince William, Duke of Cambridge
(m. 2011)
Names
Catherine Elizabeth[fn 1]
HouseHouse of Windsor (by marriage)
FatherMichael Middleton
MotherCarole Goldsmith
ReligionAnglican (Church of England)[1]

Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge (Catherine Elizabeth "Kate"; née Middleton; born 9 January 1982),[2] is the wife of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge. The Duke of Cambridge is second in line to the thrones, after his father, of the 16 Commonwealth realms; and the Duchess is expected to eventually become queen consort.[3]

Catherine grew up in Chapel Row, a village near Newbury, Berkshire, England.[4] She studied Art History in Scotland at the University of St Andrews, where she met the then Prince William of Wales in 2001. Their engagement was announced on 16 November 2010, and she attended many high-profile royal events before they married on 29 April 2011 at Westminster Abbey. Catherine has had a major impact upon British fashion which has been termed the "Kate Middleton effect", and in 2012, was selected as one of The 100 Most Influential People in the World by Time.[5][6] On 3 December 2012, St James's Palace announced that the Duchess was expecting her first child, and on 14 January 2013 it was announced the child is due in July 2013.[7]

Early life

Royal family of
the United Kingdom and the
other Commonwealth realms
Badge of the House of Windsor
See also: Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge

Catherine Elizabeth Middleton was born at Royal Berkshire Hospital in Reading on 9 January 1982, and christened at St Andrew's Bradfield, Berkshire, on 20 June 1982.[8][9]: 32  She is the eldest of three children born to Carole (née Goldsmith), a former flight attendant, and Michael Middleton, who also worked as a flight attendant prior to becoming a flight dispatcher for British Airways. Her parents were married on 21 June 1980, at the Parish Church of Dorney, Buckinghamshire.[10] In 1987, they founded and became owners of Party Pieces, a mail order company that sells party supplies and decorations. Party Pieces is a private company with an estimated worth of £30 million.[11][12][13] The Middletons have another daughter, Philippa "Pippa",[14][15] and a son, James.[15][16] The family has complained about press harassment of Pippa and Carole since Middleton's engagement.[17]

The Duchess's paternal ancestors were from Leeds, West Yorkshire. Her paternal great-grandmother Olive was a member of the Lupton family, who, for a number of generations, were Leeds-based woollen cloth merchants and manufacturers and who were also active in civic affairs.[15][18] Her maternal ancestors, the Harrisons, were working-class labourers and miners from Sunderland and County Durham.[19]

Michael and Carole Middleton worked for British Airways, in Amman, Jordan from May 1984 to September 1986. In Jordan, Middleton went to an English language nursery school[20] before returning to their home in Berkshire.[21] Following her return from Amman, Middleton was enrolled at St Andrew's School near the village of Pangbourne in Berkshire, then briefly at Downe House.[22] She attended Marlborough College, a co-educational independent boarding school in Wiltshire,[23] and graduated in 2005, from the University of St Andrews in Fife, Scotland, with an undergraduate MA (2:1 Hons) in the History of Art.[24]

She supports Football League Championship football team Reading F.C..[25]

Career

In November 2006, Middleton accepted a position as an accessory buyer with the clothing chain Jigsaw.[26] She also worked part-time until January 2011 as a catalogue photographer, webpage designer and marketing officer for her parents' firm Party Pieces. Despite this, at one point she was nicknamed "Waity Katie" by the media for her apparent lack of work ethic and seeming lack of desire to work, in preference for awaiting a wedding proposal.[27][28]

In 2008, it was reported that she had quit her job at Jigsaw to become a professional photographer, intending to take private classes with photographer Mario Testino, who had taken several well-known photographs of Diana, Princess of Wales, and her sons.[29] Testino later denied that Middleton was going to be working for him.[30]

Public image and style

See also: Engagement announcement dress of Catherine Middleton

Catherine became prominent for her fashion style and has been placed on numerous "best dressed" lists.[31][32] She was selected by The Daily Telegraph as the "Most Promising Newcomer" in its 2006 list of style winners and losers.[33] Tatler placed her at number 8 on its yearly listing of the top ten style icons in 2007.[34] She was featured in People magazine's 2007 and 2010 best-dressed lists.[35] Middleton was named as one of Richard Blackwell's ten "Fabulous Fashion Independents" of 2007.[36] In June 2008, Style.com selected Middleton as their monthly beauty icon.[37] In July 2008, Middleton was included in Vanity Fair's international best-dressed list.[38] In February 2011, she was named the Top Fashion Buzzword of the 2011 season by the Global Language Monitor.[39] In January 2012, she was voted 'Headwear Person of the Year'.[40] Middleton was number one on Vanity Fair's annual Best Dressed lists in 2010, 2011 and in 2012 also its cover star.[41][42] She was awarded the accolade of 'Best Celebrity Smile' in May 2012, after placing first in a poll by Bupa.[43]

The Duchess is known for mixing couture pieces, often by British designers, with 'High Street' retail fashion. Designers worn by Middleton include Sarah Burton at Alexander McQueen, Issa; Jenny Packham; Beulah London; Alice Temperley; Erdem; Burberry; and Catherine Walker. High street labels worn by Middleton include Reiss, Zara and L.K.Bennett.

Relationship with Prince William

In 2001, Middleton met Prince William while they were students at the University of St. Andrews. The couple began dating as early as 2002, although their relationship remained unconfirmed.[44][45][46] On 17 October 2005, Middleton complained through her lawyer about harassment from the media, stating that she had done nothing significant to warrant publicity.[47] In February 2006, it was announced that Middleton would receive her own 24-hour security detail supplied by the Royalty Protection branch (SO14). Many speculated that she and Prince William would soon be engaged, since she would not otherwise be entitled to this service.

Middleton with Prince Harry of Wales, June 2008

No engagement was forthcoming and Middleton was not granted an allowance to fund this security. Media attention increased around the time of her 25th birthday in January 2007, prompting warnings from both The Prince of Wales and Prince William and from Middleton's lawyers, who threatened legal action. Two newspaper groups, News International, which publishes The Times and The Sun; and the Guardian Media Group, publishers of The Guardian, decided to refrain from publishing paparazzi photographs of her.[48] Middleton attended at least one event as an official royal guest: Prince William's Passing Out Parade at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst on 15 December 2006.[49]

On 17 May 2008, Middleton attended the wedding of Prince William's cousin Peter Phillips to Autumn Kelly, which the prince did not attend.[50] On 19 July 2008, she was a guest at the wedding of Lady Rose Windsor and George Gilman. Prince William was away on military operations in the Caribbean, serving aboard HMS Iron Duke.[51] In 2010, Middleton pursued an invasion of privacy claim against two agencies and photographer Niraj Tanna, who took pictures of her over Christmas 2009.[52] She obtained a public apology, £5,000 in damages, and legal costs.[53]

Breakup and reconciliation

On 14 April 2007, The Sun newspaper broke a "world exclusive" suggesting that Prince William and Middleton had split up.[54] Other media outlets, such as the BBC, confirmed the story as the day progressed. The couple decided to break up during a holiday in the Swiss resort of Zermatt.[55][56] Clarence House made only one comment about the relationship's end, according to The Times, stating, "We don't comment on Prince William's private life".[57] Newspapers speculated about the reasons for the split, although these reports relied on anonymous sources.

The original report in The Sun quoted a "close friend of the couple" as saying that Middleton felt Prince William had not been giving her enough attention. The paper highlighted reports that Prince William had been spending time with other young women and said the Prince, aged 24 at the time of the split, felt he was too young to marry.[58] A report in the Daily Mail blamed a desire by royal courtiers not to "hurry along" a marriage announcement, and Prince William's desire to enjoy his bachelor status within his Army career. The Mail also suggested that a friend of Prince William's encouraged the Prince to take a "careless approach" to relationships. The same article suggested that Middleton had "expected too much" in wanting Prince William to demonstrate his commitment to her.[59]

In June 2007, Middleton and Prince William insisted they were "just good friends" following reports of a reconciliation.[60] Middleton and her family attended the Concert for Diana at Wembley Stadium, where she and Prince William sat two rows apart.[61] The couple were subsequently seen together in public on a number of occasions and several news sources, including the BBC and the Daily Mail, stated that they had "rekindled their relationship".[62] She also joined Prince William and the Prince of Wales on a deerstalking expedition at Balmoral[63] and attended the wedding of Prince William's cousin, Peter Phillips, even though Prince William, due to a prior commitment, did not. In April 2008, Middleton accompanied Prince William when he was awarded his RAF wings at the Royal Air Force College Cranwell.[64] On 16 June 2008, she attended Prince William's investiture into the Order of the Garter, along with the Royal Family.

Engagement and marriage

Further information: Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton and Wedding dress of Kate Middleton
The newly married Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, on the balcony of Buckingham Palace.

Prince William and Catherine Middleton became engaged in October 2010, in Kenya, during a 10-day trip to the Lewa Wildlife Conservancy to celebrate Prince William's passing his RAF helicopter search and rescue course.[65][66] Clarence House announced the engagement on 16 November 2010.[65][67] Prince William gave Middleton the engagement ring that had belonged to his mother, Diana, Princess of Wales. He said about his decision to give his fiancée his mother's ring, "It's very special to me. As Kate's very special to me now, it was right to put the two (Catherine and Diana) together. It was my way of making sure my mother didn't miss out on today and the excitement, and the fact that we're going to spend the rest of our lives together."[68] The couple married in Westminster Abbey on 29 April 2011,[69] (St. Catherine's Day) with the day declared a bank holiday in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Estimates of the global audience for the wedding ranged around 300 million or more, whilst 26 million watched the event live in Britain alone.[70][71]

In October, several months after the wedding, Commonwealth leaders pledged that they would implement changes in British royal succession law to adopt absolute primogeniture.[72]


The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and Prince Harry on the balcony of Buckingham Palace on 15 June 2013

Pregnancy

Further information: Child of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge

On 3 December 2012, St James's Palace announced that the Duchess was pregnant with her first child. The announcement was made earlier in the pregnancy than is traditional as she had been admitted to King Edward VII's Hospital Sister Agnes suffering from hyperemesis gravidarum and stayed there for three days.[73][74] On 14 January 2013, St James's Palace announced that the child is due to be born in July 2013, and that the Duchess's condition is improving.[7]

In January 2013, the Queen issued new letters patent enabling all children of the eldest son of the Prince of Wales to enjoy the princely title and style of Royal Highness, as opposed to only the eldest son.[75]

Royal duties

Public appearances

The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge at the Canada Day celebrations in Ottawa, 1 July 2011

Middleton was formally introduced to public life on 24 February 2011, two months before the wedding, when she and Prince William attended a lifeboat-naming ceremony in Trearddur, Anglesey, in North Wales.[76] A day later they appeared in St Andrews to launch the university's 600th anniversary celebrations. On 16 February 2011, Clarence House announced that the Duke and Duchess's first royal tour of Canada would take place in July 2011.[77]

In May 2011, shortly after the wedding, Clarence House announced that the Duke and Duchess would extend their tour to visit California. This was to be the Duchess of Cambridge's first visit to the United States.[78]

The Duke and Duchess meet with U.S. President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama at Buckingham Palace a few weeks after the wedding.

The Duchess's first official engagement after the wedding came in May, when she and her husband met with Barack Obama, the President of the United States, and First Lady Michelle Obama.[79] In June 2011, the Duke and Duchess presented medals to members of the Irish Guards.[80]

On 26 October 2011, she undertook her first solo event for In Kind Direct, stepping in for the Prince of Wales, who was in Saudi Arabia.[81] On 2 November, the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge visited the UNICEF Supply Division Centre for supplying food to malnourished African children in Copenhagen, Denmark.[82][83]

On St Patrick's day, 17 March 2012, the Duchess carried out the traditional awarding of shamrocks to the Irish Guards at their base in Aldershot; this was her first solo military engagement. On 19 March, she gave her first speaking engagement for the opening of the Treehouse, a new children's hospice opened by East Anglia's Children's Hospices (EACH), a charity of which she is a patron.[84]

File:Duke and Duchess of Cambridge at Olympic Gala.jpg
Prince William and the Duchess of Cambridge supporting British Olympic Team at a dinner in countdown to the 2012 Olympics in London, 11 May 2012

The Duchess has involved herself with the charities supported by her husband and his brother, Prince Harry. On 29 September 2011, the Duchess officially became a patron of The Foundation of Prince William and Prince Harry. In November 2011, April 2012, and November 2012, she and the Duke attended the biannual Princes' Charities Forum, which unites the various charitable interests of the two princes.[85][86] In June 2012, The Foundation of Prince William and Prince Harry was renamed The Royal Foundation of The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge and Prince Harry, to reflect Catherine's contribution to the charity.[87]

The Duke and Duchess were announced as Ambassadors for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, alongside Prince Harry.[88] The Duchess attended both the Opening and Closing Ceremonies of the Olympics.[89][90] On 29 August 2012, the Duchess attended the Paralympic Opening Ceremony accompanied by her husband, the Duke of Cambridge.[91] As part of her role, the Duchess attended numerous sporting events throughout the games.

In September 2012, the Duke and Duchess embarked on a tour of Singapore, Malaysia, Tuvalu, and the Solomon Islands as part of the Royal Jubilee celebrations.[92] During this overseas visit, the Duchess made her first official speech abroad, while visiting a hospice in Malaysia, drawing on her experience as patron of East Anglia's Children's Hospices.[93]

Patronages

In March 2011, William and Catherine set up a gift fund held by The Foundation of Prince William and Prince Harry to allow well-wishers who want to give them a wedding gift to donate money to charities they care about instead.[94] The gift fund supported 26 charities of the couple's choice, incorporating the armed forces, children, the elderly, art, sport and conservation. These causes are close to their hearts and reflect the experiences, passions and values of their lives so far.[95][96]

In January 2012, the Duchess announced the first charities which she would support.[97][98] These are:

She will also be a local volunteer leader with The Scout Association in north Wales.[102]

In October 2012, the Duchess gave her royal backing to the M-PACT programme (Moving Parents and Children Together), one of the only UK programmes to focus specifically on the impact of drug addiction on families as a whole.[103]

Her first official portrait was unveiled at the National Portrait Gallery in January 2013, meeting mixed reviews from both critics and audiences.[104]

In April 2013, the Duchess added three new patronages:[105]

The Natural History Museum is a patronage formerly held by Diana, Princess of Wales.[105]

Violations of privacy

In 1997, William's mother, Diana, Princess of Wales, died in a road accident in Paris while being pursued by paparazzi.[106] This incident has influenced the Duke's hostility towards intrusive media attention.[107] Both the Duchess and her husband have been clear that when off-duty, their privacy should be respected,[107] yet the media, at times, has violated the couple's wishes.

In 2009, before her engagement to William, Middleton was awarded £10,000 damages and an apology from the photographic press agency Rex Features Ltd after she was photographed playing tennis on Christmas Eve when on holiday in Cornwall.[108]

On 13 September 2012, it was reported[109][110] that the French edition of "la presse people" magazine Closer and that the Italian gossip magazine Chi, had both published photographs of the Duchess sun-bathing topless while on holiday at the Château d'Autet[107] (a private château on a 260-ha estate some 71 km[111] north of Aix-en-Provence). Analysts from The Times believe that the photograph was taken from the D22 (Vaucluse) road from a distance of 500 m from the pool – a distance that would require an 800-mm or a 1000-mm lens.[112] On 17 September 2012, the couple laid a criminal complaint to the French Prosecution Department and launched a claim for civil damages at the Tribunal de Grande Instance de Nanterre;[113] the following day the courts granted an injunction against Closer prohibiting further publication of the pictures and also announced that a criminal investigation would be initiated.[114] Under French law, punitive damages cannot be awarded[115] but such intrusions of privacy are a criminal offence carrying a maximum jail sentence of one year and a fine of up to €45,000 for individuals and €225,000 for companies.[116][117]

In December 2012, Australian radio hosts Michael Christian and Mel Greig called King Edward VII's Hospital Sister Agnes where the Duchess was an in-patient for hyperemesis gravidarum. Pretending to be the Queen and the Prince of Wales, Greig and Christian telephoned the hospital and spoke to a nurse, enquiring about the Duchess's condition. Following a hospital inquiry and a public backlash against the hoax, the nurse who put the call through, Jacintha Saldanha, committed suicide.[118] The Australian radio hosts subsequently apologised for their actions.[119]

In February 2013, Italian gossip magazine Chi published the first photos of Catherine's exposed baby bump, taken during her vacation on the private island of Mustique. The British press have refused to publish the paparazzi shots out of respect for the couple. This is the second breach of privacy by Chi, the magazine that published the Duchess's topless photographs in September 2012.[120]

Following international attention regarding the wedding, Lifetime aired a TV movie entitled William & Kate on 18 April 2011, in the US.[121] The film premiered in the UK on 24 April 2011.[122] Middleton[123] was played by Camilla Luddington[124] and Prince William by Nico Evers-Swindell.[125] TV programmes were also shown in the UK prior to the wedding which provided deeper insights into the couple's relationship and backgrounds, including When Kate Met William[126] and Channel 4's Meet the Middletons.[127]

A second TV movie was produced that covers similar ground to William & Kate. That movie, titled William & Catherine: A Royal Romance and filmed in Bucharest,[128] stars Alice St. Clair as Kate Middleton and Dan Amboyer as Prince William.[129] Of note in this second television movie is the appearance of Jane Alexander as the Queen and Alias alum Victor Garber as the Prince of Wales. The movie aired 27 August 2011, in the United States on the Hallmark Channel.[130][131]

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Titles and styles

Royal Monogram
  • 9 January 1982 – 29 April 2011: Miss Catherine Elizabeth Middleton
  • 29 April 2011 – present: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cambridge[132]
    • in Scotland: 29 April 2011 – present: Her Royal Highness The Countess of Strathearn
    • in Northern Ireland: 29 April 2011 – present: Her Royal Highness The Baroness Carrickfergus [133][134]

Catherine's full title and style is Her Royal Highness Princess William,[135] Duchess of Cambridge, Countess of Strathearn, Baroness Carrickfergus.[133][134]

Unlike the majority of royal brides, and in contrast to most previous consorts-in-waiting for over 350 years, Catherine's immediate family are neither aristocratic nor royal.[136][137] On the morning of their wedding day on 29 April 2011, at 8:00 am, officials at Buckingham Palace announced that in accordance with royal tradition and on recognition of the day by the Queen, Prince William was created Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Strathearn and Baron Carrickfergus.[133][138]

Honours

See also: List of honours of the British Royal Family by country

Honorary military appointments

Canada Canada

Honorific eponym

Awards

Arms

Coat of arms of Catherine, Princess of Wales
Notes
The Duchess bears the arms of her husband, Prince William, The Duke of Cambridge, impaled with those of her father, Michael Middleton. The coat of arms was granted to Middleton by the College of Arms on 19 April 2011. Thomas Woodcock, Garter King of Arms, the senior officer of the College of Arms, helped the family with the design.[142] The Duchess of Cambridge's coat of arms denotes that Catherine is the daughter of Michael Middleton and the wife of the Duke of Cambridge.[143]
Adopted
19 April 2011
Coronet
Coronet of a child of the Heir Apparent
Escutcheon
Quarterly 1st and 4th Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or armed and langed Azure (England), 2nd Or a lion rampant Gules armed and langued Azure within a double tressure flory counterflory of the second (Scotland), 3rd Azure a harp Or stringed Argent (Ireland), the whole differenced with a label of three points Argent with the central point charged with an escallop Gules (Prince William); Impaled with a shield per pale Azure and Gules, a chevron Or, cotised Argent, between three acorns slipped and leaved Or (Middleton).[142]
Supporters
To the dexter the Lion as borne and used as a Supporter by "Our Dearly Beloved Grandson His Royal Highness Prince William of Wales Duke of Cambridge" and to the sinister a Hind Argent unguled and gorged with "a Coronet of Our Dearly Beloved Grandson's degree Or". The hind is white (argent) and is hooved, unguled and has about its neck (is gorged with) the Duke of Cambridge's coronet. Both the hooves and coronet are gold (Or).[144]
Symbolism
The dividing line (between two colours) down the centre is a canting of the name 'Middle-ton'. The acorns (from the oak tree) are a traditional symbol of England and a feature of west Berkshire, where the family have lived for 30 years. The three acorns also denote the family's three children. The gold chevron in the centre of the arms is an allusion to Carole Middleton's maiden name of Goldsmith. The two white chevronels (narrow chevrons above and below the gold chevron) symbolise peaks and mountains, and the family's love of the Lake District and skiing.[142]
Previous versions
Her previous coat of arms depicted the shield from her father Michael Middleton's coat of arms shaped into a lozenge hanging from a blue ribbon symbolising her unmarried state. Her sister Pippa also uses the same lozenge-shaped coat of arms. In due course her brother James will inherit his father's full coat of arms.[142]

Ancestry

In a study of Catherine's ancestry, William Addams Reitwiesner uncovered the ancestors she likely shares with her husband Prince William; the closest relationship is via Prince William's mother and Catherine's father through a common descent from Sir Thomas Fairfax and his wife Agnes (or Anne) Gascoigne,[145] daughter of Sir William Gascoigne and his wife, née Lady Margaret Percy.[15][146][147] If true, the couple would be fifteenth cousins.[15] Sir Thomas Fairfax and Agnes Gascoigne are related via Catherine's great-grandmother Olive Lupton, daughter of a Leeds cloth merchant Francis Lupton and his wife Harriet (née Davis) – Fairfax likely being an ancestor of Lupton. In turn, Lady Margaret Percy is descended from Edward III.[148] The uncertainty of the link stems from the lack of a definitive proof that William Fairfax was the Duchess of Cambridge's ancestor and in fact the William Fairfax who was the son of Thomas Fairfax, but there is strong circumstantial evidence based on the coat of arms used by William Fairfax that this is the case – Catherine's ancestor used Thomas' coat of arms differenced by a martlet, the heraldic technique of signifying that he was the fourth son.[145][149]

Family of Catherine, Princess of Wales
16. John Middleton
8. Noel Middleton
17. Mary Asquith
4. Peter Francis Middleton
18. Francis Lupton
9. Olive Lupton
19. Harriet Albina Davis
2. Michael Middleton
20. Frederick Glassborow
10. Frederick George Glassborow
21. Emily Jane Elliott
5. Valerie Glassborow
22. Gavin Fullarton Robison
11. Constance Robison
23. Sara Ann Gee
1. Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge
24. John Goldsmith
12. Stephen Charles Goldsmith
25. Jane Dorsett
6. Ronald Goldsmith
26. Theophilus Benjamin Chandler
13. Edith Eliza Chandler
27. Amelia White
3. Carole Goldsmith
28. John Harrison
14. Thomas Harrison
29. Jane Hill
7. Dorothy Harrison
30. Thomas Temple
15. Elizabeth Temple
31. Elizabeth Myers

Footnotes

  1. ^ As a titled royal, Catherine holds no surname, but when one is used, it is Mountbatten-Windsor. Many media outlets, however, refer to her by her maiden name, Kate Middleton.

References

  1. ^ Adams, William Lee (14 April 2011). "Kate Middleton's Secret Confirmation: How Religious Is the Future Princess?". Time. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  2. ^ "Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge". Current Biography Yearbook 2011. Ipswich, MA: H.W. Wilson. 2011. pp. 116–118. ISBN 978-0-8242-1121-9.
  3. ^ "Queen Kate? Her Royal Highness? In search of Kate Middleton's New Title". Time Magazine. 16 November 2010. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
  4. ^ "Royal wedding: Kate Middleton's home village of Bucklebury prepares for big day". The Telegraph. 12 April 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
  5. ^ Thomas-Bailey, Carlene (30 March 2012). "How the 'Duchess of Cambridge effect' is helping British fashion in US". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 May 2012. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ TIME 100: The List, Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, and Pippa Middleton
  7. ^ a b "Duchess of Cambridge due to give birth in July". BBC News Online. 14 January 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2013.
  8. ^ "The Duchess of Cambridge". The Royal Household. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
  9. ^ Jobson, Robert (2010). William & Kate – The Love Story. London: John Blake Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84454-736-4.
  10. ^ Claudia Joseph The intriguing story of the woman who gave Kate her looks – and family wealth Mail Online, 21 November 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010
  11. ^ "Money and the Middletons". TheTelegraph.com.au. 21 April 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
  12. ^ "About us". PartyPieces.co.uk. Retrieved 9 August 2008.
  13. ^ Dominic Kennedy and Alex Ralph (26 November 2010). "How Kate Middleton's family made their money with Party Pieces website". The Australian. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
  14. ^ "Pippa Middleton: People.com". People.
  15. ^ a b c d e Reitwiesner, William Addams (2011). Child, Christopher Challender (ed.). The Ancestry of Catherine Middleton. Scott Campbell Steward. Boston, Massachusetts: New England Historic Genealogical Society. pp. 9, 16. ISBN 978-0-88082-252-7.
  16. ^ Joseph, Claudia (22 March 2009). "Revealed: Secrets of the Middletons' money and how Kate's ancestors made a big massive fortune". Daily Mail. UK. Retrieved 23 March 2009.
  17. ^ Greenslade, Roy (8 April 2011). "PCC warns editors after Kate Middleton's family complain about harassment". The Guardian. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
  18. ^ "The Leeds connection ..." Yorkshire Evening Post. 11 September 2006.
  19. ^ Wilson, Christopher (22 December 2006). "Kate, the coal miner's girl". Daily Mail. UK.
  20. ^ Rayner, Gordon (7 March 2011). "Kate Middleton family photos reveal her time in Jordan". The Telegraph. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
  21. ^ "Profiles – Kate Middleton". Hello!. August 2001. Retrieved 9 August 2008.
  22. ^ Party Pieces Princess, News of the World, 21 November 2010, p. 4
  23. ^ "World press gather outside Middleton family home in Bucklebury as royal relationship ends". Newbury Today. 14 April 2007.
  24. ^ "Prince William and Kate Middleton return to St Andrews University for anniversary celebrations". The Telegraph. 25 February 2011.
  25. ^ "Polished to perfection ... how the Duchess of Cambridge turned into a style icon". London Evening Standard. 9 October 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
  26. ^ Duncan, Hugo (1 December 2006). "Kate Middleton lands job with fashion chain Jigsaw". Daily Mail. UK. Retrieved 14 April 2007.
  27. ^ Nicola Boden. "Prince William and Kate Middleton are engaged and will marry in 2011 | Mail Online". Dailymail.co.uk. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
  28. ^ Boden, Nicola (16 November 2010). "Will gives Kate Diana's ring: Prince's moving tribute to his mother as he announces Royal wedding next year". Mail Online. UK.
  29. ^ Pierce, Andrew (19 January 2008). "Mario Testino to teach Kate Middleton his art". The Telegraph. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
  30. ^ Rubin, Courtney (12 February 2008). "Mario Testino: Kate Middleton Isn't Working for Me!". People. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  31. ^ Kate Middleton in Vanity Fair's Best-Dressed List TheGloss, 1 August 2008
  32. ^ Kate Middleton's Style: Fit For A Future Princess? Huffington Post, 16 November 2010
  33. ^ Clare Coulson (3 January 2007). "Style Winners and Losers". The Telegraph. Retrieved 6 July 2008.[dead link]
  34. ^ Unknown (5 March 2007). "Kate Middleton in poll of top 10 style icons". Daily Mail. UK. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
  35. ^ "Knowles, Stefani make mags 'best dressed'". USA Today. Associated Press. 12 September 2007. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
  36. ^ "Posh and Amy Winehouse named as the worst-dressed celebrities of 2007". Daily Mail. UK. 9 January 2008. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
  37. ^ Evelyn Crowley (June 2008). "Kate Middleton". Style.com. Condé Nast Digital. Retrieved 6 July 2008. {{cite web}}: line feed character in |publisher= at position 6 (help)
  38. ^ The International Best-Dressed List. Vanity Fair. 29 July 2008. Retrieved 31 July 2008.
  39. ^ Serjeant, Jill (8 February 2011). "Kate Middleton deemed top fashion buzzword". Reuters. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
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