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United States presidents have often kept pets while in office, or pets have been part of their families.^[1]

History of White House dogs

The first White House dog to receive regular newspaper coverage was Warren G. Harding's dog Laddie Boy.^[2]

Pets also featured on presidential elections. Herbert Hoover got a "Belgian Police Dog" (Belgian Malinois),^[3] King Tut, during his campaign and pictures of him with his new dog were sent all across the United States.

In 1944 Franklin D. Roosevelt was running for his fourth term when rumors surfaced that his Scottish Terrier, Fala, had accidentally been left behind when visiting the Aleutian Islands. After allegedly sending back ships to rescue his dog, Roosevelt was ridiculed and accused of spending thousands of taxpayers' dollars to retrieve his dog. At a speech following this Roosevelt said, "you can criticize me, my wife and my family, but you can't criticize my little dog. He's Scotch and all these allegations about spending all this money have just made his little soul furious."^[4] What was later called the "Fala speech" reportedly helped secure reelection for Roosevelt.^[5]

Richard Nixon was accused of hiding a secret slush fund during his candidacy for vice president under Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952. He gave the televised "Checkers speech" named after his cocker spaniel, denying he had a slush fund but admitting, "there is one thing that I did get as a gift that I'm not going to give back."^[6] The gift was a black-and-white cocker spaniel, Checkers, given to his daughters. Although there had been talk of Nixon being dropped from the ticket, following his speech he received an increase in support and Mamie Eisenhower reportedly recommended he stay because he was "such a warm person."^[7]^[8]

Animal lovers were upset when President Lyndon B. Johnson was photographed picking his two beagles, named Him and Her, up by their ears. Others did not understand the uproar; former President Harry S. Truman said, "What the hell are the critics complaining about; that's how you handle hounds."^[6]

List of presidential pets

President	Pet(s)
George Washington	Sweetlips,^[9] Scentwell and Vulcan^[10] (among others)^{[key 1]} – American Foxhounds^[a] Drunkard,^[9] Taster, Tipler, and Tipsy – Black and Tan Coonhounds^[13] Royal Gift – Andalusian donkey,^[14] a gift from King Charles III of Spain^[15] Nelson (1763–1790) and Blueskin^[16] – Horses;^{[key 2]}^[17] Washington's wartime mounts Snipe^[b] – Parrot^{[key 3]} Said to have been owned by First Lady Martha Washington.^[19] Cornwallis,^[20] named for General Cornwallis^[20] – Greyhound Samson, Steady, Leonidas, Traveller, Magnolia^[21] – Stallions
John Adams	Juno, Mark, and Satan^[9] – Dogs^{[key 2]}^[13] Cleopatra and Caesar^[21] – Horses^{[key 2]}
Thomas Jefferson	Dick – mockingbird;^{[key 3]} Dick was the favorite from among at least four mockingbirds the president had while in office^[22] Bergère and Grizzle – shepherd dogs from France, possibly Briards^[13]^[23] Two grizzly bear cubs,^{[key 4]} male & female pair, gifted from Captain Zebulon Pike^[24] Caractacus – horse, named after Caratacus, a 1st-century British chieftain; offspring of Jefferson's mare Allycroker and a Godolphin Arabian named Young Fearnought^[25]
James Madison	Polly – Parrot, outlived both James And Dolley Madison^[18]
James Monroe	Spaniel^[13]^{[key 4]}^{[key 2]} – Belonged to youngest daughter, Maria Monroe^[26] Sebastian – Siberian Husky
John Quincy Adams	Silkworms^{[key 1]}^[27] – First Lady Louisa Adams spun their silk.^[28]^[29] An alligator^[21] – Said to have belonged to Marquis de Lafayette and housed for two months in the East Room,^[c]^[d] Although this story has been widely circulated, the lack of evidence from contemporary accounts or official records suggests an apocryphal myth.^[33]^[34]
Andrew Jackson	Polly (or "Poll") – grey parrot, learned to swear (later attended Jackson's funeral but had to be removed due to loud and persistent profanity)^[18] Fighting cocks^{[key 4]}^{[key 1]} Bolivia, Emily, Lady Nashville, Sam Patch, and Truxton – Horses^{[key 2]} Sam Patch was named after the famous daredevil known as "The Yankee Leaper"
Martin Van Buren	Briefly owned two tiger cubs given to him by Said bin Sultan, Sultan of Muscat and Oman before Congress forced him to donate the tigers to the zoo^[29]^[35]
William Henry Harrison	Sukey – Durham cow^[36] Goat
John Tyler	Le Beau – Italian Greyhound^[13] Johnny Ty – canary the General – Horse^{[key 2]}
James K. Polk	No known pets^[35]
Zachary Taylor	Old Whitey – horse^{[key 2]} Taylor's wartime mount Apollo – Pony;^{[key 2]} formerly a "trick pony" from a circus, a present for Taylor's daughter Betty and resided in the White House stables with Old Whitey^[37]
Millard Fillmore	Mason and Dixon – ponies^{[key 2]}
Franklin Pierce	At least two^[e] miniature "teacup" Japanese Chin dogs^{[key 4]}, part of a gift exchange with Japan following the Perry Expedition^[38] Two birds from Japan,^{[key 4]}^{[key 3]} which had just opened its trading posts to the United States.
James Buchanan	Lara – Newfoundland Punch – Toy Terrier Eagle^{[key 4]}^{[key 3]}
Abraham Lincoln	Old Bob caparisoned in a mourning blanket at Abraham Lincoln's funeral Nanny and Nanko – goats^[17] Jack – Turkey, ^[17] intended as Christmas dinner, but Tad Lincoln intervened^[39] Fido – dog,^[9]^[13] "assassinated"^[40] by a drunk with a knife, a few months after Lincoln's assassination;^[41] "Fido" became a generic name for a dog because of Lincoln's famous dog^[42]^[43] Jip – Dog^[13] Tabby and Dixie – cats. Lincoln once remarked that Dixie "is smarter than my whole cabinet."^[44] Horse^{[key 4]}^{[key 2]} Rabbit^{[key 4]}^{[key 2]} Old Bob – Horse
Andrew Johnson	Fed white mice he found in his bedroom^{[key 4]}^{[key 1]}^[35]
Ulysses S. Grant	Butcher Boy, Cincinnati, Egypt, Jeff Davis (his wartime mount), Jennie, Julia, Mary, and St. Louis – Horses.^{[key 2]} Cincinnati was a thoroughbred of renowned pedigree: son of Lexington, grandson of Boston.^[45] Billy Button and Reb – Ponies^{[key 2]} Faithful – Newfoundland^[13] Rosie – Dog^{[key 2]}
Rutherford B. Hayes	Dot – Cocker Spaniel^[13] Hector – Newfoundland^[13] Duke – English Mastiff^[13] Grim – greyhound^[9]^[13] Otis – Miniature Schnauzer^[13] Juno and Shep – Hunting dogs Jet – dog^{[key 2]} Piccolomini – cat^{[key 2]} (presumably named after the Italian general) Siam – First Siamese cat in the United States^[46] Miss Pussy – Siamese cat
James A. Garfield	Kit – horse^{[key 2]} Veto^[9] – Dog^{[key 2]}
Chester A. Arthur	Rabbit^{[key 4]}^{[key 2]} Three horses^{[key 4]}^{[key 2]}
Grover Cleveland	Hector – Japanese poodle^[13] Mockingbirds^{[key 4]}^{[key 3]}^{[key 1]} Three^[47] Dachshunds^[13]
Benjamin Harrison	Whiskers pulling a cart at the White House, with Russell Harrison and his children Dash in front of his doghouse Whiskers ("His Whiskers," or "Old Whiskers") – goat,^[17]^[48] kept at the White House for the president's grandchildren; may have belonged to Russell Harrison^[49] Dash – collie^[13] Mr. Reciprocity and Mr. Protection – opossums,^[50] named from the 1896 Republican party platform,^[51] which includes: "Protection and reciprocity are twin measures of Republican policy and go hand in hand."^[52] Two alligators – According to one account, Russell Harrison kept two alligators in the White House conservatory^[53]
William McKinley	Washington Post – Yellow-headed Mexican parrot; could whistle "Yankee Doodle"^[18] Valeriano Weyler and Enrique DeLome – Angora kittens; named after Spanish general Valeriano Weyler and Spanish ambassador Enrique Dupuy de Lôme Roosters^{[key 4]}^{[key 1]}
Theodore Roosevelt	Archie riding Algonquin Roosevelt family with Skip Illustration of Slippers, the White House cat^[f] Admiral Dewey, Bishop Doane, Dr. Johnson, Father O'Grady, Fighting Bob Evans – guinea pigs^{[key 2]}^[55]; namesakes: George Dewey, William Croswell Doane, (likely John O'Grady (priest)) and Robley D. Evans Algonquin – "Calico pony" (Shetland),^[55] favored by Roosevelt's son Archie^[56] Baron Spreckle – Hen,^{[key 2]}^[55] likely named after sugar baron Claus Spreckels Bill the Lizard – lizard,^{[key 3]}^[55]^[57] brought from California and described as a "horned frog"^[58] (cf. horned toad); likely named after Lewis Carroll's Bill the Lizard. Blackjack – Manchester Terrier Eli Yale – Hyacinth macaw^[55] Named after the British merchant (also College namesake) Emily Spinach – garter snake,^{[key 3]}^[55] so named by Roosevelt's daughter Alice because "it was as green as spinach and as thin as my Aunt Emily"^[59] Fedelity – pony^{[key 2]} Gem and Susan – dogs^{[key 2]} Jack^[55] and Peter – Terriers^{[key 2]}^[13] Jonathan Edwards – small black bear from West Virginia^[55] named after the religious leader, an ancestor of Mrs. Roosevelt;^[60] eventually sent to the Bronx Zoo^[61] Jonathan – Piebald rat^{[key 3]} Josiah (or "Josh")^[58] – Badger^{[key 3]}^[55] During a railroad tour of the West, the president acquired two-week-old Josiah at a stop in Sharon Springs, Kansas^[62] Manchu – Pekingese^[13]^[55] Maude – Pig^[55] Peter Rabbit – Rabbit;^{[key 3]}^[55] was given a "proper state" funeral^[63] Cf. Peter Rabbit. Pete – Bull Terrier,^[13]^[55]^[9] exiled to Long Island "after chomping on one too many legs"^[64] Rollo – Saint Bernard Skip – mongrel^[13]^[55] Sailor Boy – Chesapeake Bay Retriever^[13]^[55] Tom Quartz and Slippers – Cats^{[key 2]}, Tom Quartz was named after a cat in a Mark Twain story.^[65] Bill – laughing hyena, gift from Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia^[66] Barn owl One-legged rooster^[55]
William Howard Taft	Caruso – dog,^{[key 2]} a gift for Taft's daughter Helen from opera singer Enrico Caruso; after a White House performance, he decided that cows were not appropriate pets for a little girl^[67] Mooly Wooly and Pauline Wayne – Cows^{[key 2]}
Woodrow Wilson	Davie – Airedale Terrier^[13] Old Ike – Ram^[68] Puffins – cat^{[key 2]}^[68] Bruce – Bull Terrier^[68] songbirds^{[key 4]}^{[key 3]}^{[key 1]} Sheep,^{[key 4]} numbering 48 at its peak,^[69] the flock kept the White House lawn trimmed "in the most economical way";^[68] the wool being sold to benefit the Red Cross^[70]
Warren G. Harding	Laddie Boy Laddie Boy (1920–1929) – Airedale Terrier^[9]^[13] Old Boy – Bulldog^[13] Petey – canary^[71]
Calvin Coolidge	Portrait of Rob Roy and Grace Coolidge Rob Roy (1922–1928) and Prudence Prim – White collies^[13] Peter Pan – Wirehair Fox Terrier,^[72]^[13] the Coolidge's first White House dog; Paul Pry – Airedale Terrier,^[13] half-brother of Warren Harding's Laddy Boy^[72] Calamity Jane – Shetland Sheepdog^[13] Tiny Tim and Blackberry – Chow Chows^[13] Ruby Rouch – collie^[13] Boston Beans – Boston bulldog^[13] King Cole – Belgian Sheepdog (Groenendael)^[73] Palo Alto ("Palo") – A black and white English Setter, a bird dog that Coolidge soon gave to Colonel Starling,^[72] chief of the Secret Service detail in the White House^[74] Bessie – collie Rebecca – raccoon,^{[key 3]}^[75]^[73] Rebecca was intended for a Thanksgiving feast; First Lady Grace had a tree-house built for her instead^[72]^[76] Reuben – A male raccoon acquired as a companion for Rebecca; soon escaped and not recovered^[76] Ebeneezer – Donkey Nip and Tuck – canaries, both olive green in color; the Coolidge's first birds^[72] Peter Piper and Snowflake – Two more canaries; Snowflake was white^[72] Goldy – A "yellow bird"^{[key 3]}^[73]^[72] Do-Funny – a trained songbird (troupial)^{[key 3]} from South America;^[72] said to be Mrs. Coolidge's favorite bird^[73] Enoch – goose^{[key 3]} Smoky – bobcat Blacky and Tiger (or "Tige") – cats^{[key 2]}^[72]^[73] Tax Reduction and Budget Bureau – lion cubs from Johannesburg, South Africa^[73] Billy – pygmy hippopotamus, full name: William Johnson Hippopotamus^[77] A wallaby – Promptly given to a zoo^[73] A duiker (a very small type of antelope) — Also sent to the zoo^[73] Bruno – A black bear from Chihuahua, Mexico; Mrs. Coolidge promptly sent him to a zoo^[73] Pekin Ducks – Thirteen ducklings were received as an Easter gift; Mrs. Coolidge attempted to raise them in a White House bathroom, but eventually sent them to a zoo^[73]
Herbert Hoover	Herbert Hoover with King Tut Billy Possum – A wild opossum that occupied Rebecca's vacant tree-house and was "adopted" by the Hoovers;^[76] temporarily filled in for a local high school's missing mascot^[78]^[79] Caruso – A Roller canary^[3] King Tut – Belgian Shepherd^[80]^[81] (Malinois variety)^[3] Pat – German Shepherd^[80] Big Ben and Sonnie – Fox Terriers^[13]^[82] Glen – Scotch Collie^[13] Yukonan – Eskimo dog^[13] Patrick – Irish Wolfhound^[80] Eaglehurst Gillette – Setter^[80] Weegie – Norwegian Elkhound^[3]
Franklin D. Roosevelt	FDR and Fala (1940) Fala (1940–1952) – Scottish Terrier^[17] Major – German Shepherd^[80] Formerly a police dog^[83] Meggie – Scottish Terrier^[80] Winks – Llewellyn Setter^[80] Tiny – Old English Sheepdog^[80] President – Great Dane^[9]^[80] Blaze – Bullmastiff^[80]
Harry S. Truman	Feller – Cocker Spaniel,^[80]^[84] because the Trumans "preferred to be a pet-free family" he was given as a puppy to Truman's personal physician^[85] Mike – Irish Setter^[80]
Dwight D. Eisenhower	Gabby – parakeet^[86] Heidi – Weimaraner^[87]
John F. Kennedy	Kennedy family and dogs Gaullie – poodle^[88] Charlie – Welsh Terrier^[80] Tom Kitten – cat^{[key 2]}^[89] Robin – canary^[89] Bluebell and Marybelle – parakeets^[89] Ducks – JFK's daughter, five-year-old Caroline raised ducklings at the White House.^[90] Ongoing conflicts with their terrier Charlie prompted sending them to Rock Creek Park.^[91] Macaroni – pony^[92] Tex – bay Yucatan pony^[89] Leprechaun – Connemara pony, a gift from President of Ireland, Éamon de Valera^[93] Moe – Doberman Pinscher^[89] Billie and Debbie – hamsters^[89] Pushinka – dog (gift of Soviet Union Premier Nikita Khrushchev, puppy of Soviet space dog Strelka)^[9] Shannon – Irish Cocker Spaniel^[80] Wolf – Dog, mix of Irish Wolfhound and Schnauzer^[94] Clipper – German shepherd^[95] Butterfly, White Tips, Blackie, and Streaker – Offspring of Pushinka and Charlie^[80] Zsa Zsa – rabbit Sardar – horse^{[key 2]}^[96]
Lyndon B. Johnson	LBJ with Him Him and Her – beagles^[80]^[97]^[98] Edgar – beagle^[9]^[80]^[97]^[98] Blanco – white collie^[80]^[97]^[98] Freckles – beagle^[80] Yuki – mongrel dog^[80]^[97]^[98] famous for "singing duets" (howling) with the President for White House guests^[99] hamsters^{[key 2]} lovebirds^{[key 3]}^[100]
Richard Nixon	King Timahoe, Vicki and Pasha looking out the window in the White House Vicki – poodle^[80]^[101] Pasha – terrier^[80]^[101] King Timahoe – Irish Setter^[80]^[101]^[102] Checkers^[9] (1952–1964) – Cocker Spaniel^[g]
Gerald Ford	Susan Ford, daughter of Gerald Ford, and the family's siamese cat, Shan, in 1974 Ford and Liberty in the Oval Office Liberty (February 8, 1974–1984) – Golden Retriever^[80] Lucky – dog*^[9] Misty – Liberty's puppy, born in the White House Shan – Siamese cat^[103]
Jimmy Carter	Grits – Border collie (mix);^[80]^[104] Given to his daughter Amy by her teacher, but quickly returned^[105] after snapping at several White House visitors^[9] Lewis Brown – Afghan hound^[106] Misty Malarky Ying Yang, daughter Amy Carter's pet – Siamese cat^[75]
Ronald Reagan	Rex Ronald Reagan on El Alamein Lucky – Bouvier des Flandres^[107]^[108]^[109] Rex (December 16, 1984–August 31, 1998) – Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.^[109]^[110] Victory – Golden Retriever^[108]^[109] Peggy – Irish Setter^[108]^[109] m Taca – Siberian Husky^[108]^[109] Fuzzy – Belgian sheepdog^[108]^[109] Horses (El Alamein, Nancy D, Baby, Little Man, and others) at Rancho del Cielo^[111]^[112] Cleo and Sara - tortoiseshell cats at Rancho del Cielo^[113]
George H. W. Bush	Millie Millie (January 12, 1985–May 19, 1997) – Springer Spaniel.^[9] Ranger – one of Millie's puppies^[80]^[114]
Bill Clinton	Socks Socks (1989–February 20, 2009) – The Clintons' cat.^[48] Buddy (August 7, 1997–January 2, 2002) – Bill's chocolate Labrador retriever^[48]
George W. Bush	India Spot "Spotty" Fetcher (March 17, 1989–February 21, 2004) – female English Springer Spaniel named after Scott Fletcher; Puppy of Millie;^[9] Euthanized after suffering a series of strokes. Barney (September 30, 2000–February 1, 2013) – Scottish Terrier.^[9]^[115] Miss Beazley (October 28, 2004–May 17, 2014) – Scottish Terrier; Nicknamed "Beazley Weazley"; 2005 birthday gift from George to his wife.^[9]^[115] India "Willie" – cat (July 13, 1990–January 4, 2009) Ofelia – Longhorn cow (lives at Bush's Prairie Chapel Ranch)
Barack Obama	Bo and Sunny Bo^[9] (born October 9, 2008) – Portuguese Water Dog. Sunny^[116]^[117] (born June 11, 2012) – Portuguese Water Dog.
Donald Trump	None^[118]

Key

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Number unknown
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag Breed unknown
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Species unknown
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Name unknown

Notes

^ Washington was an avid dog breeder; he called the breed that he was developing "Virginia Hounds"; which eventually became American Foxhounds^[11]^[12]
^ Some sources reference the name "Polly"^[18]
^ The East Room was still under repair following the 1814 burning of the White House by the British, and was primarily used for storage. During the visit of the Marquis de Lafayette to the United States, Lafayette acquired several tons of gifts (including the alligator) that was stored there.^[30]^[31] much to the consternation of visitors.^[32] Possibly sent to France aboard the USS Brandywine
^ See: Conveying Marquis de Lafayette to France
^ Number uncertain, perhaps received as many as seven. "Pierce was thought to have kept one dog, and he gave the other to his Secretary of War, Jefferson Davis. Davis was particularly pleased with the dog and was known to have carried it with him in his pocket."^[38]
^ Illustration from St. Nicholas (1908); original caption: "With an amused bow, the President escorted the Ambassadress around 'Slippers' and kept on his way toward the East Room."^[54]
^ Checkers died in 1964, before Nixon became president, but had played a major role in his electoral career

References

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^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "The First Family's Pets". The Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum. National Archives and Records Administration. May 8, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2018.
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^ ^a ^b Anne Emig (Summer 2004). "Presidential pets of the past". K-State Perspective. K-state.edu. Archived from the original on December 12, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
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^ "William Taft's Caruso". Presidential Pet Museum. Retrieved May 10, 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Kelly, Kate (August 15, 2012). "The Pets of Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924)". America Comes Alive. Retrieved May 11, 2018.
^ "Why did President Woodrow Wilson keep a flock of sheep on the White House lawn?". White House Historical Association. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
^ "White House Pets in the Past". White House Historical Association. Gallery image description: 4 / 7. Retrieved December 20, 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
^ Betsy (July 1, 2013). "Pay a Call on Petey the Canary at Warren G. Harding's Marion Home".
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Pietrusza, David. ""Wombats and Such": Calvin and Grace Coolidge and Their Pets". www.davidpietrusza.com. Retrieved January 26, 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Houghton, Leah. "The Coolidge Pets". coolidgefoundation.org. Calvin Coolidge Presidential Foundation. Retrieved January 26, 2018.
^ Patterson, Michael Robert. "Edmund William Starling, Sergeant, United States Army". www.arlingtoncemetery.net. Retrieved January 27, 2018.
^ ^a ^b Stephen Bauer, At Ease in the White House: Social Life as Seen by a Presidential Military Aide, Taylor Trade Publications, 2004. ISBN 1-58979-079-0. pp 224.
^ ^a ^b ^c Costello, Matthew (June 8, 2018). "Raccoons at the White House". The White House Historical Association. Retrieved December 19, 2018.
^ Roby, Marguerite (September 25, 2012). "Goody Goody Gumdrops". Smithsonian Institution Archives. Retrieved November 8, 2018.
^ Theis, Michael (May 16, 2013). "Hoover's Opossum Brings Luck to Hyattsville Baseball Team". Hyattsville, MD Patch. Patch Media. Retrieved December 24, 2018.
^ "HOOVER POSSUM PROMISED LADS". The Spokesman-Review. Spokane Wash. AP. July 16, 1929. p. 9. Retrieved December 24, 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z Sandra Choron, Planet Dog: A Doglopedia, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2005, ISBN 0-618-51752-9. pp 21.
^ Amy Ruth, Herbert Hoover, Twenty-First Century Books, 2004, ISBN 0-8225-0821-4. pp 64.
^ Wayne Bryant Eldridge, Tom Kerr The Best Pet Name Book Ever!, Barron's Educational Series, 2003, ISBN 0-7641-2499-4. pp 29.
^ "FDR's German Shepherd, Major". Presidential Pet Museum. March 5, 2016. Retrieved March 30, 2019.
^ "President Truman's Dog, Feller". Highland-ohio.com. January 12, 1948. Retrieved June 16, 2011.
^ "Prezs' best friend: Dogs, cats and a raccoon among presidential pets over the years". NBC News. Retrieved January 26, 2018. (slide 11/26)
^ West, Tracey. Hail to the chief! : fun facts and activities about the US presidents. New York. ISBN 9780399541469. OCLC 933567941.
^ "White House Pets". Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum & Boyhood Home.
^ Sally Bedell Smith, Grace And Power, Random House, Inc., 2006, ISBN 0-345-48497-5, pp 219.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Pets – John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum". Jfklibrary.org. December 3, 1961. Archived from the original on August 22, 2006. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "Caroline Kennedy's Pet Ducks". White House Historical Society. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
^ "White House Christmas Cards & Messages from John F. Kennedy". Retrieved December 22, 2018.
^ Smith, 125.
^ Robert Knudsen. "KN-C30039. Kennedy Family with Pony, Leprechaun". White House Photographs. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston. Retrieved December 22, 2018.
^ Morrow, Laurie Bogart, The Giant Book of Dog Names, p. 414
^ JFK’s German shepherd, Clipper
^ Smith, 293, 489.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Lyndon B. Johnson Library and Museum President Johnson's Dogs Archived July 11, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Bryant, Traphes, with Frances Spatz Leighton, Dog Days at the White House: The Outrageous Memoirs of the Presidential Kennel Keeper, New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1975. ISBN 0-671-80533-9
^ Thomas, Nick (February 19, 2018). "A salute to the presidents' pets". NewsOK.com. The Oklahoman. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
^ "Lyndon B. Johnson's Pet Info". Exoticdogs.com. Retrieved June 16, 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Richard M. Nixon". June 5, 2004. Archived from the original on June 5, 2004. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ Bauer, 8.
^ Ford Presidential Library and Museum, Ford Family White House and Pets
^ Tribune, Chicago. "Presidential pets". chicagotribune.com.
^ "Presidential Pooch – Grits, the Impeached First Dog | Bully Sticks". Bullysticksinfo.com. November 21, 2008. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ Diego, Alpha (November 14, 2016). "Presidential Dogs: Past U.S. Presidents and Their Fur Babies". dogbreedsjournal.com. Dog Breeds Journal. Retrieved January 25, 2018.
^ "Ronald Reagan Presidential Library". Reagan.utexas.edu. Retrieved June 16, 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Stanley Coren, Why Does My Dog Act That Way?, Simon and Schuster, 2007, ISBN 0-7432-7707-4. pp 6.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Stanley Coren, Why We Love the Dogs We Do: How to Find the Dog That Matches Your Personality, Simon and Schuster, 2000, ISBN 0-684-85502-X. pp. 5.
^ Coren, Why Does my Dog..., 7.
^ "Ronald Reagan's Ranch Horses - Presidential Pet Museum". Presidential Pet Museum. Retrieved February 4, 2018.
^ "President Reagan, whose favorite horse died last month, rode..." UPI. Retrieved February 4, 2018.
^ "Ranch". Ronald Reagan Presidential Library - National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved July 16, 2018.
^ George H. W. Bush, All the Best, George Bush Simon and Schuster, 2000, pp 595, correspondence from September 10, 1996, ISBN 0-7432-0048-9, ISBN 978-0-7432-0048-6
^ ^a ^b Bailey, Holly (April 24, 2013). "Laura Bush: New library is not 'a monument' to her husband". Yahoo News. Retrieved April 24, 2013.
^ Barack Obama (August 19, 2013). "Meet the newest member of the Obama family: Sunny". Facebook. Retrieved August 19, 2013.
^ Hannah August (August 19, 2013). "Meet Sunny: The Obamas' New Puppy". The White House Blog. Archived from the original on August 20, 2013. Retrieved August 20, 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ Lucey, Catherine. "Breaking with tradition, Trumps have no plans to get 'first pet'". chicagotribune.com.

External links

Presidential Pets Museum – Private museum in Glen Allen, Virginia
Pets in the White House – White House for Kids (official Clinton archive)
Morrow, Laurie Bogart, The Giant Book of Dog Names, p. 414
Thomas, Nick (February 19, 2018). "A salute to presidential pets". The Oklahoman. Retrieved February 17, 2018.

[number_unknown-11] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Number unknown

[breed_unknown-19] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag Breed unknown

[species_unknown-23] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Species unknown

[name_unknown-29] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Name unknown

[14] Washington was an avid dog breeder; he called the breed that he was developing "Virginia Hounds"; which eventually became American Foxhounds^[11]^[12]

[22] Some sources reference the name "Polly"^[18]

[39] The East Room was still under repair following the 1814 burning of the White House by the British, and was primarily used for storage. During the visit of the Marquis de Lafayette to the United States, Lafayette acquired several tons of gifts (including the alligator) that was stored there.^[30]^[31] much to the consternation of visitors.^[32] Possibly sent to France aboard the USS Brandywine

[40] See: Conveying Marquis de Lafayette to France

[47] Number uncertain, perhaps received as many as seven. "Pierce was thought to have kept one dog, and he gave the other to his Secretary of War, Jefferson Davis. Davis was particularly pleased with the dog and was known to have carried it with him in his pocket."^[38]

[64] Illustration from St. Nicholas (1908); original caption: "With an amused bow, the President escorted the Ambassadress around 'Slippers' and kept on his way toward the East Room."^[54]

[113] Checkers died in 1964, before Nixon became president, but had played a major role in his electoral career

[1] "Presidential Pet Museum". Presidential Pet Museum. Archived from the original on April 10, 2001. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[2] Famous and Forgotten, Toledo’s Laddie Boy, The First Presidential Pet Archived August 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine

[Hoover_Library_&_Museum-3] "The First Family's Pets". The Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum. National Archives and Records Administration. May 8, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2018.

[4] "1944 Radio News, 1944-09-23 FDR Teamsters Union Address – Fala (27:45–30:08)". Internet Archive. Retrieved July 14, 2015.

[NCC-5] "Fala, the dog who helped win a presidential election". National Constitution Center. September 23, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2017.

[k-state.edu-6] Anne Emig (Summer 2004). "Presidential pets of the past". K-State Perspective. K-state.edu. Archived from the original on December 12, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[7] DVM: The Newsmagazine of Veterinary Medicine; Oct2008, Vol. 39 Issue 10, p22-22, 2/3p

[8] Ethan Trex. "mental_floss Blog » The Bizarre History of White House Pets". Mentalfloss.com. Archived from the original on June 15, 2011. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[usnews-9] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Pamela Redmond Satran (November 5, 2012). "Do You Have a Dog in This Election? Pets Are Presidential". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved June 19, 2013.

[10] "Soldier, Statesman, Dog-Lover: George Washington's Pups". George Washington's Mount Vernon.

[AKC_Washington-12] "American Foxhound History & Training/Temperament". American Kennel Club. Retrieved August 27, 2017.

[13] "Dogs". George Washington's Mount Vernon. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Retrieved February 1, 2018.

[choron2-15] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah Choron, 20.

[16] Mary V. Thompson. "Donkeys". George Washington's Mount Vernon. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Retrieved February 1, 2018.

[17] Mary Brigid Barrett. "Presidential Menageries: Washington's Mules and Hounds". Our White House. The National Children's Book and Literacy Alliance. Retrieved August 5, 2017.

[18] "Nelson (Horse)". George Washington's Mount Vernon.

[WhiteHouse(1999)-20] "Spring 1999: Presidential Pets". Inside the White House. nara.gov. Retrieved December 21, 2012.

[Parrots-Lafeber-21] Doering, Laura (February 14, 2013). "Presidents & Their Pet Parrots". Pet Birds by Lafeber Co. Lafeber. Retrieved January 25, 2018.

[24] Wolf, Alissa. "First Pets: A History of Critters in the White House". About.com. Retrieved October 2, 2012.

[:0-25] Calkhoven, Laurie (2007). George Washington: An American Life. Edison, NJ: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 91. ISBN 9781402735462.

[:1-26] "White House Pets (1789–1850) – Presidential Pet Museum". Retrieved September 10, 2016.

[27] "Mockingbirds". Thomas Jefferson's Monticello. Thomas Jefferson Foundation. Retrieved January 25, 2018.

[28] "Dogs". Thomas Jefferson's Monticello. Thomas Jefferson Foundation. Retrieved January 25, 2018.

[30] "Grizzly Bears". Thomas Jefferson's Monticello. Thomas Jefferson Foundation. Retrieved January 25, 2018.

[31] "Caractacus". Thomas Jefferson's Monticello. Thomas Jefferson Foundation.

[32] "James Monroe Biography – Presidential Pet Museum". Presidential Pet Museum. Retrieved August 5, 2017.

[33] The Handy Science Answer Book. Visible Ink Press. 2011. Retrieved December 22, 2012.

[34] "Louisa Adams Biography ::". www.firstladies.org. National First Ladies' Library.

[NCBLA-35] Lang, Heather. "Lions and Tigers and Bears, Oh My! Animals at the White House". Our White House. National Children's Book and Literacy Alliance. Retrieved January 3, 2018.

[36] Whitcomb, John; Whitcomb, Claire (2002). Real Life at the White House: Two Hundred Years of Daily Life at America's Most Famous Residence. Psychology Press. p. 52. ISBN 9780415939515.

[37] 1963: "The Creation of the President's House" in Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D.C., p 37

[38] Truman, Margaret (2016). White House Pets. New Word City. p. 5. ISBN 9781612309392.

[41] Hager, Andrew (February 21, 2018). "Bitten by an Alligator". Presidential Pet Museum. Retrieved December 21, 2018.

[42] Dorre, Howard (February 19, 2018). "John Quincy Adams's Pet Alligator Was A Crock". Plodding through the Presidents. Retrieved December 21, 2018.

[thoughtlongley-43] Longley, Robert (June 29, 2017). "First Pets: Animals in the White House". ThoughtCo. Retrieved July 11, 2017.

[44] The Handy Science Answer Book. Visible Ink Press. 2011. Retrieved October 3, 2015.

[45] "Apollo, Zachary Taylor's Pony". Presidential Pet Museum. January 6, 2014. Retrieved December 19, 2018.

[Teacup-46] Kate Kelly (August 5, 2015). "Teacup Dogs Owned by President Franklin Pierce". America Comes Alive. Retrieved August 27, 2017.

[48] King, Gilbert. "The History of Pardoning Turkeys Began With Tad Lincoln". Smithsonian. Retrieved January 26, 2018.

[49] Ackermann, Ann Marie (July 11, 2017). "Lincoln's dog Fido: A Faithful Pet Assassinated Like His Master". www.annmarieackermann.com. Retrieved May 16, 2018.

[50] McClarey, Donald R. (January 30, 2011). "Lincoln's Dog Fido". The American Catholic. Retrieved May 16, 2018.

[51] Coren, Stanley (October 12, 2011). "Why Are Dogs So Frequently Called "Fido"?". Psychology Today. Canine Corner: Sussex Publishers. Retrieved May 16, 2018.

[52] "Where Does the Dog Name Fido Come From?". American Kennel Club. January 1, 2009. Retrieved May 16, 2018.

[53] Abraham Lincoln’s Cats

[54] "Ulysses S. Grant and His Horses During and After the Civil War". The Ulysses S. Grant Information Center. College of St. Scholastica. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved August 13, 2018.

[55] Sickles letter about Siamese cat. Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Center.

[Kelly(Cleveland)-56] Kate Kelly (July 13, 2016). "Grover Cleveland's Dogs and Other Pets". America Comes Alive. Retrieved August 5, 2017.

[WH_for_kids-57] "Pets in the White House". White House for Kids. nara.gov. Retrieved December 21, 2012.

[58] Kelly, Kate (August 25, 2013). "The Pets in the Benjamin Harrison White House". America Comes Alive. Retrieved January 26, 2018.

[59] Best, Jama A. "Opossums and the Presidency: A Tail of Intrigue and The White House" (PDF). UA Little Rock Center for Arkansas History and Culture. University of Arkansas. Retrieved May 11, 2018.

[60] Cox, Ana Marie (August 20, 2013). "Top 10 presidential pets in US history". the Guardian. Opinion. Retrieved May 11, 2018.

[61] "1896: The Republican Platform". projects.vassar.edu. Vassar College. Retrieved May 11, 2018.

[62] San Francisco Chronicle. "Russell Harrison’s Alligator Didn't Influence His Friends' Luck." 9 May 1890. Via: "FACT CHECK: Were Alligators Ever Kept as White House Pets?". Snopes.com. Retrieved December 19, 2018.

[63] Riis, Jacob A. ""Slippers," The White House Cat" (pdf). archive.org. Vol. XXXV; January, 1908; No. 3: St. Nicholas. p. 203. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)CS1 maint: location (link)

[National_Park_Service-65] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p "The Roosevelt Pets". National Park Service. U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved December 21, 2012. (Reprinted from the National Archives and Records Administration)

[66] McClintock, J. N. (1904). New England Magazine: An Illustrated Monthly, Volume 29. Boston: America Company. p. 601.

[67] Roosevelt, Theodore (June 21, 1904). "53. Bill the Lizard". www.bartleby.com. Theodore Roosevelt’s Letters to His Children. Retrieved December 18, 2018.

[Treasures-68] Roosevelt, Theodore (May 10, 1903). "20. More Treasures". www.bartleby.com. Theodore Roosevelt's Letters to His Children. Retrieved December 18, 2018.

[69] "Why did Alice Roosevelt own a pet snake named Emily Spinach?". www.childrensmuseum.org. The Children's Museum of Indianapolis. Retrieved May 9, 2018.

[70] Roosevelt, Theodore (1919). Bishop, Joseph B. (ed.). Letters to his children. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 19. ISBN 9781623769864. Retrieved February 4, 2018.

[71] Thompson, Madeleine (September 15, 2015). "A Small Bear Named Jonathan Edwards". WCS Archives Blog. Wildlife Conservation Society. Retrieved February 4, 2018.

[72] Tanner, Beccy (September 10, 2012). "Pet Kansas badger once roamed White House". Wichita Eagle. Retrieved February 3, 2018.

[73] Roosevelt, Theodore (May 28, 1904). "49. Peter Rabbit's Funeral". www.bartleby.com. Theodore Roosevelt's Letters to His Children.

[74] "Presidential Pets". CBS News. CBS Interactive Inc. October 4, 2016. Retrieved May 16, 2018.

[75] "Roughing It, Part 7". www.gutenberg.org. Retrieved May 7, 2018.

[76] "America's First Presidential Hyena". Ethiopianism-Ethiopiawinet Online Revival. November 14, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2017.

[77] "William Taft's Caruso". Presidential Pet Museum. Retrieved May 10, 2018.

[Wilson(Kelly)-78] Kelly, Kate (August 15, 2012). "The Pets of Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924)". America Comes Alive. Retrieved May 11, 2018.

[79] "Why did President Woodrow Wilson keep a flock of sheep on the White House lawn?". White House Historical Association. Retrieved December 22, 2018.

[80] "White House Pets in the Past". White House Historical Association. Gallery image description: 4 / 7. Retrieved December 20, 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[81] Betsy (July 1, 2013). "Pay a Call on Petey the Canary at Warren G. Harding's Marion Home".

[Wombats-82] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Pietrusza, David. ""Wombats and Such": Calvin and Grace Coolidge and Their Pets". www.davidpietrusza.com. Retrieved January 26, 2018.

[Coolidge_Foundation-83] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Houghton, Leah. "The Coolidge Pets". coolidgefoundation.org. Calvin Coolidge Presidential Foundation. Retrieved January 26, 2018.

[84] Patterson, Michael Robert. "Edmund William Starling, Sergeant, United States Army". www.arlingtoncemetery.net. Retrieved January 27, 2018.

[bauer-85] Stephen Bauer, At Ease in the White House: Social Life as Seen by a Presidential Military Aide, Taylor Trade Publications, 2004. ISBN 1-58979-079-0. pp 224.

[WHHA-86] Costello, Matthew (June 8, 2018). "Raccoons at the White House". The White House Historical Association. Retrieved December 19, 2018.

[87] Roby, Marguerite (September 25, 2012). "Goody Goody Gumdrops". Smithsonian Institution Archives. Retrieved November 8, 2018.

[88] Theis, Michael (May 16, 2013). "Hoover's Opossum Brings Luck to Hyattsville Baseball Team". Hyattsville, MD Patch. Patch Media. Retrieved December 24, 2018.

[89] "HOOVER POSSUM PROMISED LADS". The Spokesman-Review. Spokane Wash. AP. July 16, 1929. p. 9. Retrieved December 24, 2018.

[planet-90] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z Sandra Choron, Planet Dog: A Doglopedia, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2005, ISBN 0-618-51752-9. pp 21.

[91] Amy Ruth, Herbert Hoover, Twenty-First Century Books, 2004, ISBN 0-8225-0821-4. pp 64.

[92] Wayne Bryant Eldridge, Tom Kerr The Best Pet Name Book Ever!, Barron's Educational Series, 2003, ISBN 0-7641-2499-4. pp 29.

[93] "FDR's German Shepherd, Major". Presidential Pet Museum. March 5, 2016. Retrieved March 30, 2019.

[94] "President Truman's Dog, Feller". Highland-ohio.com. January 12, 1948. Retrieved June 16, 2011.

[95] "Prezs' best friend: Dogs, cats and a raccoon among presidential pets over the years". NBC News. Retrieved January 26, 2018. (slide 11/26)

[96] West, Tracey. Hail to the chief! : fun facts and activities about the US presidents. New York. ISBN 9780399541469. OCLC 933567941.

[97] "White House Pets". Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum & Boyhood Home.

[98] Sally Bedell Smith, Grace And Power, Random House, Inc., 2006, ISBN 0-345-48497-5, pp 219.

[jfklibrary.org-99] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Pets – John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum". Jfklibrary.org. December 3, 1961. Archived from the original on August 22, 2006. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[100] "Caroline Kennedy's Pet Ducks". White House Historical Society. Retrieved December 22, 2018.

[101] "White House Christmas Cards & Messages from John F. Kennedy". Retrieved December 22, 2018.

[102] Smith, 125.

[103] Robert Knudsen. "KN-C30039. Kennedy Family with Pony, Leprechaun". White House Photographs. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston. Retrieved December 22, 2018.

[104] Morrow, Laurie Bogart, The Giant Book of Dog Names, p. 414

[105] JFK’s German shepherd, Clipper

[106] Smith, 293, 489.

[john-107] Lyndon B. Johnson Library and Museum President Johnson's Dogs Archived July 11, 2007, at the Wayback Machine

[days-108] Bryant, Traphes, with Frances Spatz Leighton, Dog Days at the White House: The Outrageous Memoirs of the Presidential Kennel Keeper, New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1975. ISBN 0-671-80533-9

[NewsOK-109] Thomas, Nick (February 19, 2018). "A salute to the presidents' pets". NewsOK.com. The Oklahoman. Retrieved January 7, 2019.

[110] "Lyndon B. Johnson's Pet Info". Exoticdogs.com. Retrieved June 16, 2011.

[gmu-111] "Richard M. Nixon". June 5, 2004. Archived from the original on June 5, 2004. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[112] Bauer, 8.

[114] Ford Presidential Library and Museum, Ford Family White House and Pets

[115] Tribune, Chicago. "Presidential pets". chicagotribune.com.

[116] "Presidential Pooch – Grits, the Impeached First Dog | Bully Sticks". Bullysticksinfo.com. November 21, 2008. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[117] Diego, Alpha (November 14, 2016). "Presidential Dogs: Past U.S. Presidents and Their Fur Babies". dogbreedsjournal.com. Dog Breeds Journal. Retrieved January 25, 2018.

[118] "Ronald Reagan Presidential Library". Reagan.utexas.edu. Retrieved June 16, 2011.

[coren-119] Stanley Coren, Why Does My Dog Act That Way?, Simon and Schuster, 2007, ISBN 0-7432-7707-4. pp 6.

[coren2-120] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Stanley Coren, Why We Love the Dogs We Do: How to Find the Dog That Matches Your Personality, Simon and Schuster, 2000, ISBN 0-684-85502-X. pp. 5.

[121] Coren, Why Does my Dog..., 7.

[122] "Ronald Reagan's Ranch Horses - Presidential Pet Museum". Presidential Pet Museum. Retrieved February 4, 2018.

[123] "President Reagan, whose favorite horse died last month, rode..." UPI. Retrieved February 4, 2018.

[124] "Ranch". Ronald Reagan Presidential Library - National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved July 16, 2018.

[125] George H. W. Bush, All the Best, George Bush Simon and Schuster, 2000, pp 595, correspondence from September 10, 1996, ISBN 0-7432-0048-9, ISBN 978-0-7432-0048-6

[Holly-126] Bailey, Holly (April 24, 2013). "Laura Bush: New library is not 'a monument' to her husband". Yahoo News. Retrieved April 24, 2013.

[127] Barack Obama (August 19, 2013). "Meet the newest member of the Obama family: Sunny". Facebook. Retrieved August 19, 2013.

[128] Hannah August (August 19, 2013). "Meet Sunny: The Obamas' New Puppy". The White House Blog. Archived from the original on August 20, 2013. Retrieved August 20, 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[129] Lucey, Catherine. "Breaking with tradition, Trumps have no plans to get 'first pet'". chicagotribune.com.

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@@ Line 273: / Line 273: @@
 |[[File:FDR-Fala-1940-crop.jpg|right|thumb|upright|FDR and Fala (1940)]]
 * [[Fala (dog)|Fala]] (1940–1952)&nbsp;– [[Scottish Terrier]]<ref name=WhiteHouse(1999) />
-* Major&nbsp;– [[German Shepherd]]<ref name=planet/><ref> Formerly a police dog{{cite web |title=FDR's German Shepherd, Major |url=http://www.presidentialpetmuseum.com/pets/fdr-german-shepherd-major/ |website=Presidential Pet Museum |accessdate=30 March 2019 |date=5 March 2016}}</ref>
+* Major&nbsp;– [[German Shepherd]]<ref name=planet/> Formerly a police dog<ref>{{cite web |title=FDR's German Shepherd, Major |url=http://www.presidentialpetmuseum.com/pets/fdr-german-shepherd-major/ |website=Presidential Pet Museum |accessdate=30 March 2019 |date=5 March 2016}}</ref>
 * Meggie&nbsp;– [[Scottish Terrier]]<ref name=planet/>
 * Winks&nbsp;– [[English Setter|Llewellyn Setter]]<ref name=planet/>