Talk:Germany
Germany is a featured article; it (or a previous version of it) has been identified as one of the best articles produced by the Wikipedia community. Even so, if you can update or improve it, please do so. | ||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||
Current status: Featured article |
This is a WikiProject, an area for focused collaboration among Wikipedians. New participants are welcome; please feel free to participate!
|
Guild home | How to copy edit | Templates | Barnstars | Participants | Coordinators |
Requests | Drives | Blitzes | Mailing list | Newsletters |
Talk:Germany/Top |
Germany FA‑class Top‑importance | ||||||||||
|
Project Countries main page | Talk | Participants | Templates | Articles | Pictures | To do | Article assessment | Countries portal |
This is a WikiProject, an area for focused collaboration among Wikipedians. New participants are welcome; please feel free to participate!
|
This WikiProject helps develop country-related pages (of all types) and works toward standardizing the formats of sets and types of country-related pages. For example, the sets of Culture of x, Administrative divisions of x, and Demographics of x articles, etc. – (where "x" is a country name) – and the various types of pages, like stubs, categories, etc.
What's new?
Did you know
- 05 Nov 2024 – Saybrook Colony (talk · edit · hist) was nominated for DYK by Gazingo (t · c); see discussion
- 20 Oct 2024 – Mwene Muji (talk · edit · hist) was nominated for DYK by Kowal2701 (t · c); see discussion
Articles for deletion
- 17 Nov 2024 – Principality of Pataliputra (talk · edit · hist) was AfDed by RegentsPark (t · c); see discussion (4 participants)
- 17 Nov 2024 – Magadhan Empire (talk · edit · hist) was AfDed by NXcrypto (t · c); see discussion (4 participants)
- 10 Nov 2024 – Kingdom of Shukuup (talk · edit · hist) was AfDed by Adabow (t · c); see discussion (3 participants; relisted)
Categories for discussion
- 14 Nov 2024 – Category:General elections by country (talk · edit · hist) was CfDed by Number 57 (t · c); see discussion
Redirects for discussion
- 14 Nov 2024 – United sates (talk · edit · hist) →United States was RfDed by TeapotsOfDoom (t · c); see discussion
- 12 Nov 2024 – United Sates (talk · edit · hist) →United States was RfDed by TeapotsOfDoom (t · c); see discussion
- 12 Nov 2024 – Unietd States (talk · edit · hist) →United States was RfDed by TeapotsOfDoom (t · c); see discussion
- 12 Nov 2024 – Unitd states (talk · edit · hist) →United States was RfDed by TeapotsOfDoom (t · c); see discussion
- 12 Nov 2024 – Canadaa (talk · edit · hist) →Canada was RfDed by TeapotsOfDoom (t · c); see discussion
- 12 Nov 2024 – Cnada (talk · edit · hist) →Canada was RfDed by TeapotsOfDoom (t · c); see discussion
- 12 Nov 2024 – 美利坚合众国 (talk · edit · hist) →United States was RfDed by TeapotsOfDoom (t · c); see discussion
- 12 Nov 2024 – SShA (talk · edit · hist) →United States was RfDed by Cogsan (t · c); see discussion
- 12 Nov 2024 – Etazini (talk · edit · hist) →United States was RfDed by Cogsan (t · c); see discussion
- 07 Nov 2024 – Mongola (talk · edit · hist) →Mongolia was RfDed by TeapotsOfDoom (t · c); see discussion
- (4 more...)
Good article nominees
- 27 Oct 2024 – Central Powers (talk · edit · hist) was GA nominated by History6042 (t · c); start discussion
- 25 Oct 2024 – Mizo Chieftainship (talk · edit · hist) was GA nominated by Mmis325 (t · c); see discussion
- 01 Oct 2024 – Regency of Algiers (talk · edit · hist) was GA nominated by Nourerrahmane (t · c); see discussion
- 01 Oct 2024 – Connecticut Colony (talk · edit · hist) was GA nominated by Gazingo (t · c); start discussion
Featured article reviews
- 30 Oct 2023 – Byzantine Empire (talk · edit · hist) was put up for FA review by SandyGeorgia (t · c); see discussion
Requests for comments
- 08 Nov 2024 – Australia (talk · edit · hist) has an RfC by OntologicalTree (t · c); see discussion
- 15 Nov 2024 – Maurya Empire (talk · edit · hist) RfC by Edasf (t · c) was closed; see discussion
Requested moves
- 16 Nov 2024 – Nanda Empire (talk · edit · hist) is requested to be moved to Nanda dynasty by JingJongPascal (t · c); see discussion
- 15 Nov 2024 – Shunga Empire (talk · edit · hist) is requested to be moved to Shunga dynasty by JingJongPascal (t · c); see discussion
- 15 Nov 2024 – Gupta Empire (talk · edit · hist) is requested to be moved to Gupta dynasty by JingJongPascal (t · c); see discussion
- 06 Nov 2024 – Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (talk · edit · hist) is requested to be moved to Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity by 114.10.139.20 (t · c); see discussion
Articles to be merged
- 05 Nov 2024 – Champa (Ja Thak Wa) (talk · edit · hist) is proposed for merging to Ja Thak Wa uprising by 27.96.243.106 (t · c); see discussion
- 06 Sep 2024 – List of World War II flying aces by country (talk · edit · hist) is proposed for merging to List of World War II flying aces by MisterBee1966 (t · c); see discussion
Articles to be split
- 05 Oct 2024 – Francoist Spain (talk · edit · hist) is proposed for splitting by Salmoonlight (t · c); see discussion
Click to watch (Subscribe via RSS Atom) · Find Article Alerts for other topics!
To do list
To-do list for Germany:
|
Scope
This WikiProject is focused on country coverage (content/gaps) and presentation (navigation, page naming, layout, formatting) on Wikipedia, especially country articles (articles with countries as their titles), country outlines, and articles with a country in their name (such as Demographics of Germany), but also all other country-related articles, stubs, categories, and lists pertaining to countries.
Navigation
This WikiProject helps Wikipedia's navigation-related WikiProjects (Wikipedia:WikiProject Outline of knowledge, WikiProject Categories, WikiProject Portals, etc.) develop and maintain the navigation structures (menus, outlines, lists, templates, and categories) pertaining to countries. And since most countries share the same subtopics ("Cities of", "Cuisine of", "Religion in", "Prostitution in", etc.), it is advantageous to standardize their naming, and their order of presentation in Wikipedia's indexes and table-of-contents-like pages.
Categories
Click on "►" below to display subcategories: |
---|
Click on "►" below to display subcategories: |
---|
Subpages
- List of all subpages of this page.
Formatting
Many country and country-related articles have been extensively developed, but much systematic or similar information about many countries is not presented in a consistent way. Inconsistencies are rampant in article naming, headings, data presented, types of things covered, order of coverage, etc. This WikiProject works towards standardizing page layouts of country-related articles of the same type ("Geography of", "Government of", "Politics of", "Wildlife of", etc.).
We are also involved with the standardization of country-related stubs, standardizing the structure of country-related lists and categories (the category trees for countries should be identical for the most part, as most countries share the same subcategories – though there will be some differences of course).
Goals
- Provide a centralized resource guide of all related topics in Wikipedia, as well as spearhead the effort to improve and develop them.
- Create uniform templates that serve to identify all related articles as part of this project, as well as stub templates to englobe all related stubs under specific categories.
- Standardize articles about different nations, cultures, holidays, and geography.
- Verify historical accuracy and neutrality of all articles within the scope of the project.
- Create, expand and cleanup related articles.
Structure and guidelines
This section contains an essay on style, consisting of the advice or opinions of one or more WikiProjects on how to format and present article content within their area of interest. This information is not a formal Wikipedia policy or guideline, as it has not been thoroughly vetted by the community. |
Although referenced during FA and GA reviews, this structure guide is advisory only, and should not be enforced against the wishes of those actually working on the article in question. Articles may be best modeled on the layout of an existing article of appropriate structure and topic (See: Canada, Japan and Australia)
Main polities
A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. When referring to a specific polity, the term "country" may refer to a sovereign state, states with limited recognition, constituent country, or a dependent territory.
Lead section
- For lead length see, #Size
Opening paragraphs
The article should start with a good simple introduction, giving name of the country, general location in the world, bordering countries, seas and the like. Also give other names by which the country may still be known (for example Holland, Persia). Also, add a few facts about the country, the things that it is known for (for example the mentioning of windmills in the Netherlands article). The primary purpose of a Wikipedia lead is not to summarize the topic, but to summarize the content of the article.
First sentence
The first sentence should introduce the topic, and tell the nonspecialist reader what the subject is, and where. It should be in plain English.
The etymology of a country's name, if worth noting and naming disputes, may be dealt with in the etymology section. Foreign-languages, pronunciations and acronyms may also belong in the etymology section or in a note to avoid WP:LEADCLUTTER.
Example:
Sweden,[a] formally the Kingdom of Sweden,[b] is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe.
Sweden,(Swedish: Sverige [ˈsvæ̌rjɛ] ) formally the Kingdom of Sweden,(Swedish: Konungariket Sverige [ˈkôːnɵŋaˌriːkɛt ˈsvæ̌rjɛ] ) is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe.
Detail, duplication and tangible information
Overly detailed information or infobox data duplication such as listing random examples, excessive numbered statistics or naming individuals should be reserved for the infobox or body of the article. The lead prose should provide clear, relevant information through links to relevant sub-articles about the country an relevant terms, rather than listing random stats and articles with minimal information about the country.
Example:
A developed country, Canada has a high nominal per capita income globally and its advanced economy ranks among the largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks. Recognized as a middle power, Canada's strong support for multilateralism and internationalism has been closely related to its foreign relations policies of peacekeeping and aid for developing countries. Canada is part of multiple international organizations and forums.
A highly developed country, Canada has the seventeenth-highest nominal per-capita income globally and the sixteenth-highest ranking in the Human Development Index. Its advanced economy is the tenth-largest in the world and the 14th for military expenditure by country, Canada is part of several major international institutions including the United Nations, NATO, the G7, the Group of Ten, the G20, the United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, and the Organization of American States.
Infobox
There is a table with quick facts about the country called an infobox. A template for the table can be found at the bottom of this page.
Although the table can be moved out to the template namespace (to e.g. [[Template:CountryName Infobox]]) and thus easen the look of the edit page, most Wikipedians still disapprove as of now, see the talk page.
The contents are as follows:
- The official long-form name of the country in the local language is to go on top as the caption. If there are several official names (languages), list all (if reasonably feasible). The conventional long-form name (in English), if it differs from the local long-form name, should follow the local name(s). This is not a parameter to list every recognized language of a country, but rather for listing officially recognize national languages.
- The conventional short-form name of the country, recognised by the majority of the English-speaking world; ideally, this should also be used for the name of the article.
- A picture of the national flag. You can find flags at the List of flags. A smaller version should be included in the table itself, a larger-sized version in a page titled Flag of <country>, linked to via the "In Detail" cell. Instead of two different images, use the autothumbnail function that wiki offers.
- A picture of the national coat of arms. A good source is required for this, but not yet available. It should be no more than 125 pixels in width.
- Below the flag and coat of arms is room for the national motto, often displayed on the coat of arms (with translation, if necessary).
- The official language(s) of the country. (rot the place to list every recognized or used language)
- The political status. Specify if it is a sovereign state or a dependent territory.
- The capital city, or cities. Explain the differences if there are multiple capital cities using a footnote (see example at the Netherlands).
- If the data on the population is recent and reliable, add the largest city of the country.
- Land area: The area of the country in square kilometres (km²) and square miles (sq mi) with the world-ranking of this country. Also add the % of water, which can be calculated from the data in the Geography article (make it negligible if ~0%).
- Population: The number of inhabitants and the world-ranking; also include a year for this estimate (should be 2000 for now, as that is the date of the ranking). For the population density you can use the numbers now available.
- GDP: The amount of the gross domestic product on ppp base and the world ranking. also include the amount total and per head.
- HDI: Information pertaining to the UN Human Development Index – the value, year (of value), rank (with ordinal), and category (colourised as per the HDI country list).
- Currency; the name of the local currency. Use the pipe if the currency name is also used in other countries: [[Australian dollar|dollar]].
- Time zone(s); the time zone or zones in which the country is relative to UTC
- National anthem; the name of the National anthem and a link to the article about it.
- Internet TLD; the top-level domain code for this country.
- Calling Code; the international Calling Code used for dialing this country.
Lead map
There is a long-standing practice that areas out of a state's control should be depicted differently on introductory maps, to not give the impression the powers of a state extend somewhere they do not. This is for various types of a lack of control, be it another state (eg. Crimea, bits of Kashmir) or a separatist body (eg. DPR, TRNC).
Sections
A section should be written in summary style, containing just the important facts. Undue weight can be given in several ways, including but not limited to the depth of detail, the quantity of text, prominence of placement, the juxtaposition of statements, and the use of imagery. Main article fixation is an observed effect that editors are likely to encounter in county articles. If a section it is too large, information should be transferred to the sub-article. Avoid sections focusing on criticisms or controversies. Try to achieve a more neutral text by folding debates into the narrative, rather than isolating them into sections.
Articles may consist of the following sections:
- Etymology sections are often placed first (sometimes called name depending on the information in the article). Include only if due information is available.
- History – An outline of the major events in the country's history (about 4 to 6 paragraphs, depending on complexity of history), including some detail on current events. Sub-article: "History of X"
- Politics – Overview of the current governmental system, possibly previous forms, some short notes on the parliament. Sub-article: "Politics of X"
- Administrative divisions – Overview of the administrative subdivisions of the country. Name the section after the first level of subdivisions (and subsequent levels, if available) (e.g. provinces, states, departments, districts, etc.) and give the English equivalent name, when available. Also include overseas possessions. This section should also include an overview map of the country and subdivisions, if available.
- Geography – Details of the country's main geographic features and climate. Historical weather boxes should be reserved for sub articles. Sub-article: "Geography of X"
- Economy – Details on the country's economy, major industries, bit of economic history, major trade partners, a tad comparison etc. Sub-article: "Economy of X"
- Demographics – Mention the languages spoken, the major religions, some well known properties of the people of X, by which they are known. Uncontextualized data and charts should be avoided. (See WP:NOTSTATS and WP:PROSE) Sub-article: "Demographics of X".
- Culture – Summary of the country's specific forms of art (anything from painting to film) and its best known cultural contributions. Caution should be taken to ensure that the sections are not simply a listing of names or mini biographies of individuals accomplishments. Good example Canada#Sports. Sub-article: "Culture of X".
- See also – 'See also" sections of country articles normally only contain links to "Index of country" and "Outline of country" articles, alongside the main portal(s).
- References – Sums up "Notes", "References", and all "Further Reading" or "Bibliography"
- External links – Links to official websites about the country. See WP:External links
Size
- Articles that have gone through FA and GA reviews generally consists of approximately 8,000 to 10,000 words as per WP:SIZERULE, with a lead usually four paragraphs as per MOS:LEADLENGTH.
- Australia = Prose size (text only): 60 kB (9,304 words) "readable prose size"
- Bulgaria = Prose size (text only): 56 kB (8,847 words) "readable prose size"
- Canada = Prose size (text only): 67 kB (9,834 words) "readable prose size"
- Germany = Prose size (text only): 54 kB (8,456 words) "readable prose size"
- Japan = Prose size (text only): 51 kB (8,104 words) "readable prose size"
- East Timor = Prose size (text only): 53 kB (8,152 words) "readable prose size"
- Malaysia = Prose size (text only): 57 kB (9,092 words) "readable prose size"
- New Zealand = Prose size (text only): 62 kB (9,761 words) "readable prose size"
- Philippines = Prose size (text only): 62 kB (9,178 words) "readable prose size"
Hatnote
The link should be shown as below: Avoid link clutter of multiple child articles in a hierarchical setup as hatnotes. Important links/articles shoukd be incorporated into the prose of the section. For example, Canada#Economy is a summary section with a hatnote to Economy of Canada that summarizes the history with a hatnote to Economic history of Canada. See WP:SUMMARYHATNOTE for more recommended hatnote usages.
== Economy ==
== Economy ==
Charts
As prose text is preferred, overly detailed statistical charts and diagrams that lack any context or explanation such as; economic trends, weather boxes, historical population charts, and past elections results, etc, should be reserved for main sub articles on the topic as per WP:DETAIL as outlined at WP:NOTSTATS.
Galleries
Galleries or clusters of images are generally discouraged as they may cause undue weight to one particular section of a summary article and may cause accessibility problems, such as sandwiching of text, images that are too small or fragmented image display for some readers as outlined at WP:GALLERY. Articles that have gone through modern FA and GA reviews generally consists of one image for every three or four paragraph summary section, see MOS:ACCESS#FLOAT and MOS:SECTIONLOC for more information.
Footers
As noted at Wikipedia:Categories, lists, and series boxes the number of templates at the bottom of any article should be kept to a minimum. Country pages generally have footers that link to pages for countries in their geographic region. Footers for international organizations are not added to country pages, but they rather can go on subpages such as "Economy of..." and "Foreign relations of..." Categories for some of these organizations are also sometimes added. Templates for supranational organizations like the European Union and CARICOM are permitted. A list of the footers that have been created can be found at Wikipedia:WikiProject Countries/Templates/Navboxes, however note that many of these are not currently in use.
Transclusions
Transclusions are generally discouraged in country articles for reasons outlined below.
Like many software technologies, transclusion comes with a number of drawbacks. The most obvious one being the cost in terms of increased machine resources needed; to mitigate this to some extent, template limits are imposed by the software to reduce the complexity of pages. Some further drawbacks are listed below.
- Transcluded text may have no sources for statements that should be sourced where they appear, have different established reference styles, contain no-text cite errors, or duplicate key errors. (To help mitigate these, see Help:Cite errors)
- Excerpts break the link between article code and article output.
- Changes made to transcluded content often do not appear in watchlists, resulting in unseen changes on the target page.
- Transcluded text may cause repeated links or have different varieties of English and date formats than the target page.
- Transclusions may not reflect protection levels, resulting in transcluded text perhaps having a different level of protection than the target page. See Cascading protection
- {{excerpt}} and related templates may require using
<noinclude>
,<includeonly>
and<onlyinclude>
markup at the transcluded page to have selective content; that would require monitoring that the markup is sustained. - Excerpts cause editors to monitor transcluded pages for "section heading" changes to ensure transclusion continues to work. (To help mitigate this, see MOS:BROKENSECTIONLINKS)
- Excerpts can result in content discussions over multiple talk pages that may have different considerations or objectives for readers.
Lists of countries
To determine which entities should be considered separate "countries" or included on lists, use the entries in ISO 3166-1 plus the list of states with limited recognition, except:
- Lists based on only a single source should follow that source.
- Specific lists might need more logical criteria. For example, list of sovereign states omits non-sovereign entities listed by ISO-3166-1. Lists of sports teams list whichever entities that have teams, regardless of sovereignty. Lists of laws might follow jurisdiction boundaries (for example, England and Wales is a single jurisdiction).
For consistency with other Wikipedia articles, the names of entities do not need to follow sources or ISO-3166-1. The names used as the titles of English Wikipedia articles are a safe choice for those that are disputed.
Resources
Sisterlinks
Related WikiProjects
Popular pages
Notes
- ^ Swedish: Sverige [ˈsvæ̌rjɛ] ; Finnish: Ruotsi; Meänkieli: Ruotti; Northern Sami: Ruoŧŧa; Lule Sami: Svierik; Pite Sami: Sverji; Ume Sami: Sverje; Southern Sami: Sveerje or Svöörje; Yiddish: שוועדן, romanized: Shvedn; Scandoromani: Svedikko; Kalo Finnish Romani: Sveittiko.
- ^ Swedish: Konungariket Sverige [ˈkôːnɵŋaˌriːkɛt ˈsvæ̌rjɛ]
Software: Computing Unassessed | |||||||||||||
|
Will Germany lift it's incest ban?
This recent case of brother a sister having sex with two children born with disabilities and died and having the other two children taken away. This has caused some upset but some lawyers are looking to lift the ban, saying that it is not harmful to society and that the children that died have not been proven to have been caused by incest sex.
-G
No they won't. Incest is only popular in Italy.
Query from copyeditor
The article uses the word "government" in two different senses: one, the general apparatus of the state; and the other, the executive branch. (The former is typically American usage while the latter is typically British or Commonwealth usage.) While either is formally correct, mixing the two can lead to confusion. Thus I plan to replace the second usage with "executive" or the like. Are there any objections?
In copyediting the article I've tried to avoid changes that could alter the meaning of the text, but if I inadvertently change the meaning please let me know. Thanks! Raymond Arritt 00:09, 31 December 2006 (UTC)
- I believe that consistency is the most important factor, so I agree with you. TSO1D 00:19, 31 December 2006 (UTC)
My latest round of copyedits may affect meaning in some places. Please take a glance at the article history and look for edits that ask "OK?". Also you might want to double-check some of my translations. Finally, I changed the description of the Dolchstosslegende so that it refers more generally to "domestic treachery" rather than strictly the 1918 revolution -- let me know if you disagree with what I've done there. A plea: change what you consider appropriate, but please edit specific items instead of doing a simple revert. If you do a revert, you'll cancel out any other copyedits made after the item in question. Thanks. Raymond Arritt 05:28, 2 January 2007 (UTC)
Revolution and Second German Empire
The part of the article talking about German colonies established after the crowning of Wilhelm II is in so far wrong, as Wilhelm II’s crowning took place in 1888 - after the death of emperor Friedrich III (who - I think - is worth to be mentioned). Most of the German colonies were established before 1888, during Bismarck was in charge. (Bismarck himself was not interested in colonies, he only saw the economical reasons.)
It is also not completely correct to say, that Wilhelm I was forging the foreign policy of the empire. Indeed Bismarck did. In Germany we talk about the "Bismarcksches Bündnissystem" referring to that policy. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.129.158.246 (talk • contribs)
- Ok, I removed the reference to William II in reference to the beginning of imperialism, and just left the dates in. Also, I said that it was Bismarck's policy. Although it was William that had ultimate authority, I agree that the policy was shaped by the Bismarck. TSO1D 23:46, 1 January 2007 (UTC)
This already is an improvement!
But it i think it is also necessary to mention Wilhelm II in this context. Of course the major part of the colonies was established before his time, but he made a significantly more imperialistic policy than Bismarck did.
Also his actions were rather unpredictable (for example during the second morocco-crisis (“Panthersprung nach Agadir”) or as he wrote the “Krüger Depesche” to congratulate Paul Kruger for fighting down a riot of British settlers, which was forced by the British government). Such actions of course brought trouble to German foreign policy. Another problem with Wilhelm II was, that there was disagreement between him and Bismarck, what led Bismarck to resign in 1890.
On the other hand it is not clear whether Bismarck himself would have been able to keep up his system of treaties for a longer period of time, because of it’s complexity. Some historians believe, that this system had to lead to a new European war, it only was the question, when.
- I agree with your assessment, however I don't really want to expand the history section any further. It might be better to add this information to a subarticle, such as German Empire. TSO1D 15:30, 2 January 2007 (UTC)
I completely agree with that.
But I also think it would be a good idea to put in the box “History of Germany”. It seems not to take too much space and represents an easier link to further information. The box occurs in many articles referring to the German history, why not here? Of course you also could leave it as it is, but in that case I think it would be better to place a link to the Rhine Confederation on top of this Paragraph.(17:10, 2. Januar 2007 (MEZ))
nazi flag and coat of arms
there's a nazi germani flag and coat of arms at the beginning of the article.Eist345 07:58, 2 January 2007 (UTC)
This post and the one below it seems to be a reaction to some vandalism, in the future, change it yourself, instead of spamming the discussion. 68.21.244.153 00:09, 1 March 2007 (UTC)
- I suspect the page was semi-protected and Eist345 was a new user.--Boson 07:42, 1 March 2007 (UTC)
Nazi flag and bogus motto!
Says Germany's motto is "Heil Hitler" Bawad1 08:23, 2 January 2007 (UTC)bawad1
A class article? Not in History!
Aside from gaps in history that deserve at least cursory treatment (as noted by some readers above), the history section omits any mention of The Confederation of the Rhine, which was a forerunner of the German Confederation and the beginning of the modern consolidation of German States. The article doesn't even give a sentence about Napoleon's rule of the German states which lasted about as long as the Third Reich. I suppose the 10 years from 1805-1815 never happened in Germany? 10:36, 2 January 2007 (CET)Sean
- That's what History of Germany is for, few if any other country article bothers with such a detailed history section. Lars T. 12:14, 2 January 2007 (UTC)
- I agree in part with what you're saying, but again - shouldn't that (Confederation of the Rhine) at least be given cursory treatment? and if your logic is that it should be listed in the History of Germany section, then why is the Third Reich given the detail it is here and not the Napoleonic years, which were just as, if not more, formative to Germany's history? 09:36, 4 January 2007 (CET)Sean
Vandalism
Someone vandalised the beginning of the article by posting the Nazi flag and a false motto
- No worries. Such things are gone about as fast as the server can refresh (i.e. plenty fast). MadMaxDog 13:25, 2 January 2007 (UTC)
See also
Any specific reason why the See Also is empty?
Suggestions:
And that's just history. I know that the See also should not get too long, and most of the See also would already be linked to within the article. On the other hand, the see also IS supposed to be a shortcut - even to terms linked within the article... Cheers, MadMaxDog 13:25, 2 January 2007 (UTC)
- It's all there, it's just hidden. You see in the see also section there is a topics in Germany line, if you have to click show on the left. I wish I knew how to be open automatically, but I see that all other countries have it hidden on default anyway. TSO1D 14:58, 2 January 2007 (UTC)
- Wikipedia:Guide_to_layout#See_also — 'The "See also" section ... should ideally not repeat links already present in the article.' Lars T. 15:02, 2 January 2007 (UTC)
- I know, but the new topics in template has been used in many FA country articles (ex. Canada, and it looks better than just having a list of links. And there seem to be no complaints about this matter anywhere else. TSO1D 15:28, 2 January 2007 (UTC)
In Popular Culture
There is no mention of the well known German trait of reserving a space on the sun lounger by putting a towel out very early. Is their a reason this has not been included? --I love football 1982 00:12, 9 January 2007 (UTC)
- I am sorry, but I am not familiar with this element of German culture. Could you please elaborate. TSO1D 01:44, 9 January 2007 (UTC)
Actually this is a more or less common (imho humoristic) cliche, passionately often referred to by the britsh.
According to the cliche germans on vacation tend to get up very early to reserve the top places around the pool by putting a towel on the deckchair. If you happen to be on vacation at e.g. Spain, you will certainly observe some guy trying it early in the morning.
From my point of view this is neither an element of german culture, nor relevant for wikipedia and at last nothing more than a amusing cliche. ~
- Well thats your point of view. Here is the BBCs view [1] and here is the British Newspaper The Gaurdians view [2]. Amuzing cliche or not you cannot deney that it is a reference to Germany in popular culture. Also I am sure we can allpoint to far looser references to articles in popular culture than this referenced by the BBC and The Gaurdian--I don't like football 16:11, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
- Fortunately the article Germany does not have an "In popular culture" section. Kusma (討論) 16:18, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
- Having reviewed it I think this is a topic that should be discussed on the German People wiki not the main German one here.--I don't like football 16:37, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
please update music.
I see kraftwerk is listed, and as of right now, the band rammstein are the biggest german rock music export. so if you could add that to the section, it would be great. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 68.94.165.163 (talk) 03:02, 15 January 2007 (UTC).
- Rammstein may be selling well, but Kraftwerk had a pretty substantial influence on modern pop-music. Lars T. 18:50, 22 January 2007 (UTC)
What about their love of David Hasslehoff?--I don't like football 17:36, 21 January 2007 (UTC)
- David Hasselhoff is not German. Lars T. 18:50, 22 January 2007 (UTC)
- I always wonder who got the idea of Germans loving David Hasselhoff. That's a really strange cliché He might have been in Germany once, but that was about 20 years ago. And I bet he then also had fans anywhere else. And now he is almost forgotten. So it would be the same when someone says that Americans fancy Wolfgang Petry ;-) —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 217.235.70.237 (talk) 22:21, 26 January 2007 (UTC).
- As a German, I first came across the cliché of Germans liking Hasselhoff when I was to Australia. I told them there was no connection whatsoever between Germany and Hasselhoff - and was proven wrong because one of his albums _has_ been Top 1 of our album charts for some time. However: No German remembers because it had little or no real public impact - and most Germans actually never liked the actor too much ;) Still: I do not see any necessity to mention Hasselhoff in the Germany article as long as my firefox states that the word 'beer' is not even used once - there're far more relevant topics being omitted --80.137.220.199 09:07, 23 February 2007 (UTC)
Factual error in "Education" section:
"school attendance is compulsory for twelve years"
You can quit school with a "Hauptschulabschluss" after 9 years. (But I am not too sure wether this applies to all German states. However all states have some kind of degree before the 12th year of school).
Addition: You don't even have to do that: You only have to attend school for nine years. Then you can quit even without any degree (at least in some states).
- You're right, in most states 9 or 10 years in a Gymnasium/Realschule/Hauptschule are compulsory. However, if a pupil leaves one of these schools before he's 18, he has to attend a Berufsschule. So actually all underages have to go to some sort of school, at least until he or she has got "Berufsausbildung" (training qualification).
I have another remark to make. The text says: In contrast, secondary education includes four types of schools based on a pupil's ability as determined by teacher recommendations: the Gymnasium [...]; the Realschule[...] the Hauptschule [...], and the Gesamtschule [...].
In fact, the important types are Gymnasium, Realschule and Hauptschule. Gesamtschule is a type of school where those three types are combined - in most cases that means that those three schools share one building or campus. The Gesamtschule is an exception, as at most places there is only Gymnasium/Realschule/Hauptschule The teacher doesn't give a recommendation for Gesamtschule, he gives only recommendation to Gymnasium, Realschule or Hauptschule according to the student's performances. In addition, this recommendation is not obligatory. The parents can decide which school their kid shall visit.--84.56.237.68 14:27, 24 January 2007 (UTC)
Hey Guys and Girls ;-)
I'm pretty sure that the actual 'compulsory' ,in a legal sense, years you have to do in Germany are just 10 years or untill your 16. But I could be wrong here. ---> Christian K.
- You are wrong indeed. It is compulsory to do twelve 12 years of school in Germany. This is the same for all German Bundesländer (Read more: School Laws of Lower Saxony, http://www.schure.de/nschg/nschg/nschg43.htm (in German)). Any pupil has to do nine (9) years in general education (primary and first part of secondary education) and three more years (second part of secondary education) either in vocational training (Berufsschule) or in general education (Gymnasium, aiming for the Abitur, German equivalent of A-Levels). Ulsterman 13:08, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
- The confusion may come about because school attendance may be only one day a week. For instance an apprentice hairdresser or car mechanic may spend one day a week in formal education, and the rest of the week doing "vocational training" at a place of work. Or there will be a block of several weeks at the Berufsschule and a much larger block at the normal place of work. --Boson 16:07, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
Military Service
The article says, that men are forced into military service, but I think it's also important to state there, that anyone can effectivly chose to do military or a civil serivce. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 91.64.122.11 (talk) 16:35, 16 January 2007 (UTC).
- Effectively, yes, officially, no ;) --80.137.220.199 09:10, 23 February 2007 (UTC)
officially, yes
EU map
The EU map showing, on this page, Germany highlighted, is now in use on every single EU page apart from, you've guessed it - the United Kingdom! It was there, but User:TharkunColl persists in removing it, even breaking 3RR. I would be grateful if editors interested in the EU pages could go along and fix it as I will myself be in breach if I do again. Thanks for any help! MarkThomas 19:30, 16 January 2007 (UTC)
Pictures (Only South)
What the hell is it? You guys just published pics of the south. Where are pics of the north and central Germany? I hope you people change it —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 201.42.218.3 (talk) 23:22, 16 January 2007 (UTC).
Animation
What is the purpose of the animation highlighting the states. The static map provides the same information and is rather less annoying.
foreign relation or relation with the us??
this section focus (in a non that neutral way) on the US-German relation, forgot the world did not actually resolved around the US? Cliché Online 18:25, 18 January 2007 (UTC)
- Not if the U.S. and this U.S. website have anything to say about it.
-G —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 134.117.157.7 (talk) 18:29, 4 March 2007 (UTC).
Morgenthau plan
I have removed the Morgenthau sentence again, as I feel it is a bit out of place here. For one, it is only about the US policy with respect to Germany in the years 1945-47 (a too small topic for us to talk about in this broad overview article). Also, the Morgenthau plan is almost forgotten in present-day Germany, as it had no real lasting influence. Perhaps it is possible to partially rewrite the occupation section to mention the policy shift away also from denazification, but really all detail should be in History of Germany since 1945 or its subarticles.
- I find it amazing that editors will routinely write edit summaries like "revert vandalism" when clearly the issue is a content dispute. There is a question of due weight here: Stor stark7 (talk · contribs) wants to present the Morgenthau plan as the central inspiration of Allied policy in post-war Germany when clearly that is disputable at best. In fact, this user is involved in content disputes in multiple articles surrounding purpoted crimes of war against German civilians. Pascal.Tesson 21:34, 21 December 2006 (UTC)
I just felt so tired and disgusted reading the above sentences that I just left, but now I’ve reconsidered, I just can’t let the statements above go unchallenged. First, for claritys sake, the disputed paragraph:
Allied economic policy was de-industrialisation (see JCS 1067) , until the policy-change that took place from the end of 1946 to mid 1947. (see Restatement of Policy on Germany).
references,
- Frederick H. Gareau Morgenthau's Plan for Industrial Disarmament in Germany The Western Political Quarterly, Vol. 14, No. 2 (Jun., 1961), pp. 517-534,
- Curtis F. Morgan, Southern Partnership: James F. Byrnes, Lucius D. Clay and Germany, 1945 1947
- Second, a reply to Kusma (talk · contribs)
- The importance of US policy. The U.S. and British occupation zones together contained 70% of German heavy industry (mainly in the Ruhr area, since Upper Silesia, Germanys second largest industrial and mining centre, had been given to Poland and the German population was being expelled). Britain was the junior party in the relationship and usually went along with U.S. policy. Besides, the Potsdam conference set a policy which was less harsh than the U.S. policy but which was common for the U.K, the Soviet and the U.S. zones. German standards of living were not to be allowed to exceed the European average. The German economy was also to be reorganized with primary emphasis on agriculture and peaceful domestic industries. In early 1946 agreement was reached on the details of the latter, Germany was to be converted into an agricultural and light industry economy. German exports were to be coal, beer, toys, textiles, etc — to take the place of the heavy industrial products which formed most of Germany's pre-war exports. U.S. influence was felt in policy all over Germany.
- Also, the Morgenthau plan is almost forgotten in present-day Germany. Quite frankly, my only response to that is that the inferiority and inadequacies of the German educational system should have no bearing on the content of an encyclopaedia article. It is what scholars have written that is relevant, not what the average low-brow on a German down-town street believes. As an example of my point, from Marshall Plan 1947-1997 A German View by Susan Stern:
“ | There is another reason for the Plan's continued vitality. It has transcended reality and become a myth. To this day, a truly astonishing number of Germans (and almost all advanced high school students) have an idea what the Marshall Plan was, although their idea is very often very inaccurate. They think the Marshall Plan was aid given exclusively to West Germany; that it was given in the form of a vast amount of dollars (cash); that it was an outright gift from the U.S. Many Germans believe that the Marshall Plan was alone responsible for the economic miracle of the Fifties. And when scholars come along and explain that reality was far more complex, they are sceptical and disappointed. | ” |
Surely you would not expect us to rewrite the Germany article as regards the Marshal plan to reflect what the average German thinks he knows about it?
- Third, a reply to Pascal.Tesson (talk · contribs) , who reverted the paragraph while providing the following rationale: . remove point of view bit: this is not the mainstream analysis.
I pointed out to him that he had deleted a sourced paragraph, without providing any sources showing that it was POV. When challenged to provide sources for what the alleged “mainstream analysis” was he responded with silence, and a second revert “delete again extraneous sentence inserted by POV pushing editor.” I naturally consider such activity as vandalism. The inspiration the Morgenthau Plan provided Allied occupation policy should be straightforward for anyone who does not use his ignorance as evidence but instead has actually bothered reading literature that focuses on the occupation. For example:
- Vladimir Petrov, Money and conquest; allied occupation currencies in World War II. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Press (1967)
- Nicholas Balabkins, Germany under direct controls : economic aspects of industrial disarmament 1945 - 1948. Rutgers University Press (1964)
- John Dietrich, The Morgenthau Plan: Soviet Influence on American Postwar Policy (2002) ISBN 1-892941-90-2
- Várdy, Steven Béla and Tooly, T. Hunt: Ethnic Cleansing in Twentieth-Century Europe ) ISBN 0-88033-995-0
- Section: by Richard Dominic Wiggers, The United States and the Refusal to Feed German Civilians after World War II
- Section by Charles M. Barber The Isolationist as Interventionist: Senator William Langer on the Subject of Ethnic Cleansing
A snippet from the writing of Richard Dominic Wiggers.
“ | In the end, tens of millions of Germans lived through at least several years of malnutrition and deprivation in the wake of the 1945 surrender. It is unlikely that any historian will ever be able to calculate how many civilian deaths can be attributed—either directly or indirectly—to the prolonged suffering that prevailed in postwar Germany. What is certain is that many more POWs and civilians suffered and perished than needed to in the aftermath of World War II, and that the victorious Allies were guided at least partly by a spirit of postwar vengeance in creating the circumstances that contributed to those deaths. | ” |
Then there’s this statement by you Pascal.Tesson (talk · contribs): In fact, this user is involved in content disputes in multiple articles surrounding purpoted crimes of war against German civilians. What exactly is the purpose of that statement? Is it perhaps an attempt to avoid discussing the facts by using Smear tactic instead? As far as I’m aware I’m involved in discussions in only one other articles talk page at the moment, and I happen to believe that the use of talk pages improves the resulting article content, but I guess you feel otherwise about Talk-pages.
Fourth: Being a believer in sledge hammer tactics and unnecessary quoting, I’ve enlisted the views of some more or less famous people:
- Konrad Adenauer, Chancellor of West Germany from 1949–1963. Speech in 1949 [3]
“ | Their attempt to govern this large disorganized country from outside, often guided by extraneous political and economic criteria of their own, was bound to fail. It brought about a rapid economic, physical, and psychological disintegration of the Germans which might have been avoided.
It also seems that intentions such as had once been manifested in the Morgenthau Plan played their part. This continued until the Marshall Plan brought the turning point. The Marshall Plan will remain for all time a glorious page in the history of the United States of America. But the change was very slow and the economic, physical, moral, and political decline of Germany which had begun with the unconditional surrender took great efforts to reverse. |
” |
- U.K Cabinet meeting on October 21, 1946. Discussing the consequences of the Potsdam conference and later policy.[4]
“ | b) U.S. policy was pastoralising (Morgenthan) until Stuttgart speech. They supported R. & Fr. case – to point of reducing steel prodn to 5.8 m. tons. And during Loan talks, cdn´t oppose them too strongly …. They forced us to 5.8 m. – but all experience has shown we were right on APW Cttee in our figure of 11 m. …Conference held in Paris – after long discns have now submd memo. Before this was completed I had seen Byrnes (before Stuttgart speech) & asked wtr. this meant he wd. overthrow Morgenthau policy. He said yes – with Truman´s authy. ….In Coalition days we went too quickly along line – ruin G.´s export trade & clip her wings. cf. H.M.´s memo. To save our money we shall have to allow her some (less important) exports. | ” |
Herbert Hoover, the 31st President of the United States (1929-1933), Report on the situation in Germany, 1947 [5]
“ | …..In addition to the above courses of action, there have been general policies of destruction or limitation of possible peaceful productivity under the headings of "pastoral state" and "war potential." The original of these policies apparently expressed on September 15, 1944, at Quebec, aimed at:
"converting Germany into a country principally agricultural and pastoral," and included, "the industries of the Ruhr and the Saar would therefore be put out of action, closed down…." ……..There are several illusions in all this "war potential" attitude. a. There is the illusion that the New Germany left after the annexations can be reduced to a "pastoral state". It cannot be done unless we exterminate or move 25,000,000 people out of it. This would approximately reduce Germany to the density of the population of France. |
” |
- Message for Monsieur Robert Schuman from Mr Ernest Bevin, 30th October 1949.In this message to his French counterpart, Robert Schuman, the British Minister of Foreign Affairs proposes reconsidering the Allies' dismantling policy in the occupied zones.
“ | I have been giving careful consideration to the present situation in Germany. I have come to the conclusion that this has now become so serious primarily as the result of our dismantling policy, that I must send you and Mr. Acheson my views without further delay.
2. It is clear that for several reasons the moral authority of the High Commission and of the Allies in Germany is being rapidly destroyed. The principal cause of this is the present dismantling programme, which is arousing bitter resentment and opposition in Germany, particularly in the British Zone, where most of the dismantling is taking place. |
” |
- Germans on the march again…, 7 June 1949.
What they said in those quotes and much more is mirrored again and again in the literature I listed and other besides. Mainstream opinion, minor consequences, sure… --Stor stark7 Talk 22:46, 20 January 2007 (UTC)
In contrast to the Marshall plan, the Morgenthau plan is deservedly forgotten in present-day Germany, as it had no lasting effect whatsoever. If anything, it should be mentioned in the History of Germany article. Therefore, removing the link to the Marshall plan subarticle makes no sense, particularly since it doesn't shorten the section as a whole either. I have therefore reverted the change. Nellov5 21:04, 23 February 2007 (UTC)
- Whatever weird logic you are using to motivate the re-inclusion of the Marshall plan by referring to the Morgenthau plan escapes me completely. But that should come as no surprise since you provide no sources to back up your re-inclusion of the Marshall plan.
- As to the Morgenthau plan, I fully realise that some individuals prefer to cling to comfortable myths rather than facing the inconvenient truth. And yes, dismantled and demolished factories can be rebuilt. Famished children can be restored to health later. But dead children stay dead. Their effect on the future is indirect by not belonging there. I repeat the quote of Wiggers:
“ | In the end, tens of millions of Germans lived through at least several years of malnutrition and deprivation in the wake of the 1945 surrender. It is unlikely that any historian will ever be able to calculate how many civilian deaths can be attributed—either directly or indirectly—to the prolonged suffering that prevailed in post-war Germany. What is certain is that many more POWs and civilians suffered and perished than needed to in the aftermath of World War II, and that the victorious Allies were guided at least partly by a spirit of post-war vengeance in creating the circumstances that contributed to those deaths. | ” |
--Stor stark7 Talk 13:08, 24 February 2007 (UTC)
Bundesrat
The Bundesrat is not a parliamentary organ, thus Germany does not have a bicameral parliamentary system. Many written overviews and even a few lexical works get this wrong, but the German Federal Constitutional Court stated explicitly, that the Bundesrat is an organ sui generis that can't be compared to any other in the world. The article Bundesrat of Germany is pretty good and describes the unique character. --h-stt !? 15:39, 22 January 2007 (UTC)
- I agree that the old text wanted changing, but the present version might be misleading to someone not familiar with the German constitution. IMO the Bundesrat is comparable to (though different from) the upper houses of other countries. Stating that it is unique is doubtless true but, to the layman, might give the impression that it is more different than it actually is. What I didn't like about the old version was the impression it might have given that the "government" was an independent legislative body, alongside the "Bundestag". The actual situation may be rather difficult to express succinctly for an international readership including people from both presidential and parliamentary democracies. (e.g. the US and the UK, repectively), for whom even the word "government" may have different meanings.
- I would perhaps add a footnote similar to the one I added to the Bundesrat article:
- The Bundesrat is referred to as the second chamber of the German parliament, but this designation is disputed by some. Reuter, Konrad (2003). "Zweite Kammer?". Bundesrat und Bundesstaat: Der Bundesrat der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (pdf) (in German) (12th ed. ed.). Berlin: Direktor des Bundesrates. pp. p. 50. ISBN 3-923706-22-7. Retrieved 2007-01-04.
In other countries, this type of parliamentary system is referred to as a "bicameral" system. However, it is not customary to talk of a single institution comprising the Bundestag and the Bundesrat, and it is even disputed whether the Bundesrat is a "second chamber" (approximate translation) .
{{cite book}}
:|edition=
has extra text (help);|pages=
has extra text (help)
- The Bundesrat is referred to as the second chamber of the German parliament, but this designation is disputed by some. Reuter, Konrad (2003). "Zweite Kammer?". Bundesrat und Bundesstaat: Der Bundesrat der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (pdf) (in German) (12th ed. ed.). Berlin: Direktor des Bundesrates. pp. p. 50. ISBN 3-923706-22-7. Retrieved 2007-01-04.
- On the other hand, the Bundesrat itself seems to accept the legitimacy of calling it a second chamber and is careful to use the subjunctive when referring to claims that it is not, and it points out that the Verfassungsgericht only stated that the Bundesrat was not "the second chamber of a single legislative body with participation in the legislative process equal to that of the first chamber" (rough translation).
- Here is a longer (fair use) quote from the Bundesrat publication I referenced. It appears to be saying "You pays yer money and you takes yer choice." or "Six of one and half a dozen of the other." But it does raise NPOV issues.
Zweite Kammer? In vielen Staaten der Welt – Einheitsstaaten wie Bundesstaaten – gibt es für die Legislative zwei Häuser. Im Ausland wird ein solches parlamentarisches System im Allgemeinen als „Zweikammer- System“ bezeichnet. Für Bundestag und Bundesrat ist dagegen eine gemeinsame Bezeichnung nicht allgemein üblich und es ist sogar umstritten, ob der Bundesrat eine „Zweite Kammer“ ist. Diejenigen, die dem Bundesrat diese „Kammer-Eigenschaft“ streitig machen, verweisen darauf, dass die Mitglieder nicht in den Bundesrat „gewählt“ werden und für die Abstimmungen an „Weisungen“ gebunden sein können. Diese Besonderheiten ließen es nicht zu, von einer parlamentarischen „Kammer“ zu sprechen. Wer so argumentiert, lässt aber außer Acht, dass der Bundesrat als ein Repräsentativorgan der Gliedstaaten anderen Prinzipien zu genügen hat als ein Repräsentativorgan des Volkes. Manchmal wird auch das Bundesverfassungsgericht für die Versagung der „Kammer-Eigenschaft“ in Anspruch genommen. In Karlsruhe sei ausdrücklich entschieden worden, so wird behauptet, der Bundesrat sei keine Zweite Kammer. Tatsächlich hat das Bundesverfassungsgericht 1974 in einer Entscheidung ausgeführt: „Nach der Regelung des Grundgesetzes ist der Bundesrat nicht eine Zweite Kammer eines einheitlichen Gesetzgebungsorgans, die gleichwertig mit der „ersten Kammer“ entscheidend am Gesetzgebungsverfahren beteiligt wäre.“ Das Bundesverfassungsgericht schränkt seine Verneinung also ein und verweist dabei außerdem auf eine wissenschaftliche Abhandlung, in der auf die „Beliebigkeit“ der Wortwahl hingewiesen wird. Es ist in der Tat ein Streit um Worte, der hier manchmal mit großer Leidenschaft ausgefochten wird. Für die verfassungsmäßige Stellung des Bundesrates ist er ohne Bedeutung, denn die Aufgaben und Befugnisse des Bundesrates ergeben sich nicht aus dieser Bezeichnung, sondern aus den Einzelbestimmungen des Grundgesetzes. Wenn man mit einem Großteil der Staatsrechtler und Politikwissenschaftler die mitentscheidende (also nicht nur beratende) Beteiligung am Gesetzgebungsverfahren als das entscheidende Kriterium für den Begriff „Kammer“ ansieht, dann wird man den Bundesrat als eine „echte Zweite Kammer“ bezeichnen; wenn man andere Umstände für ausschlaggebend hält, also von der „Beliebigkeit“ der Wortwahl einen anderen Gebrauch macht, kann man ihn aber auch für „keine Zweite Kammer“ halten. Seine Stellung bleibt trotzdem die gleiche. Wegen seiner vielen Besonderheiten ist der Bundesrat ohnehin ein „einzigartiges Organ in der Welt“.
--Boson 23:32, 22 January 2007 (UTC)
Ranking of officials
If I understood it correctly, in the article the Federal Chancellor has been ranked at Position no. 3, after the Federal president - the "Bundespräsident" - and the President of the Parliament - the "Bundestagspräsident". In fact the chancellor is no. 4, because the President of the chamber of the states - the "Bundesratspräsident", is no. 3.—The preceding unsigned comment was added by 128.176.52.116 (talk • contribs) 15:33, 25 January 2007 (UTC)
- The Federal Minister of the Interior disagrees with you. Kusma (討論) 15:46, 25 January 2007 (UTC)
- The statement posted by Kusma is correct. In fact, there is no official ranking list, but the following practise has established itself over time:
- 1 Federal President / Bundespräsident
- 2 President of the Parliament / Bundestagspräsident
- 3 Federal Chancellor / Bundeskanzler
- 4 President of the Chamber of the States / Bundesratspräsident
- 5 President of the Federal Constitutional Court / Präsident des Bundesverfassungsgerichts
- 1 Federal President / Bundespräsident
- What might lead to the assumption that the Bundesratspräsident could be on a higher rank is the fact that he or she would substitute the Federal President as official Head of State in case of severe illness etc. HubT 12:24, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
Saarland link
Please, link Sarland under post-WW2 map to Saar (protectorate). --83.131.195.107 06:09, 27 January 2007 (UTC)
American/British English
This article currently mixes American and British English.
Examples of American English:
- World Trade Organization
- athletics (meaning all sports)
Examples of British English:
- colour
- centre
--Carabinieri 00:06, 28 January 2007 (UTC)
Looking through the article once more I've noticed it mostly uses BE and that those two are just exceptions/errors, though I'm not so sure about the second one: is World Trade Organisation an acceptable spelling? I've changed "athletic organisation" to "sports organisation", because I believe that would be correct British English, though I speak AE so fell free to revert that change if that's wrong.--Carabinieri 00:10, 28 January 2007 (UTC)
Even the BBC uses World Trade Organization [6], so I guess I can answer my own question...--Carabinieri 00:12, 28 January 2007 (UTC)
- In this case, I suppose, it is the spelling used by the WTO that is important. Personally, I prefer the "-ize/ization" spelling as this is not only US spelling but is also acceptable British English spelling; though it may be the minority spelling in Britain (according to the Wikipedia article, usage is 3:2 in favour of "ise"), it is used, for instance by the Oxford University Press (who additionally use the serial comma, also known as the "Oxford comma"). There are also etymological reasons for preferring the "-ize" spelling where it is permissible, as explained in the Oxford English Dictionary.
- But "sports organisation" is preferable to "athletic organisation" in BE, right?--Carabinieri 20:01, 28 January 2007 (UTC)
- Sounds OK to me, though I didn't know there was a BE/AE difference in usage. I can confirm that when I hear "athletic" I think of running, pole-vaulting etc., not sports in general. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Boson (talk • contribs) 22:36, 28 January 2007 (UTC).
- But "sports organisation" is preferable to "athletic organisation" in BE, right?--Carabinieri 20:01, 28 January 2007 (UTC)
There certainly are national differences for both words:
- Main Entry: ath·let·ics Pronunciation Guide
- Pronunciation: athled.iks, -etiks, -ks
- Function: noun plural
- 1 sometimes singular in construction a : the physical exercises, sports, or games engaged in by athletes <intercollegiate athletics> b Britain : track-and-field sports
- 2 usually singular in construction a : the practice of athletic activities b : the principles of athletic activities and training
- Citation format for this entry:
- "athletics." Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged. Merriam-Webster, 2002. http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com (30 Jan. 2007).
- Main Entry: 1sport Pronunciation Guide
- Pronunciation: sp()r]t, -p()r], -], -()], usu ]d.+V
- Function: verb
- Inflected Form(s): -ed/-ing/-s
- Etymology: Middle English sporten, short for disporten to disport
- transitive verb
- 1 archaic : to make (as oneself) merry : DIVERT, AMUSE, CHEER
- 2 a archaic : to expend (money) in gambling : WAGER, BET b : to expend wastefully or carelessly (as in riotous living); also : to spend lavishly and ostentatiously
- 3 a : to make public and usually ostentatious display or use of : show off <delighted to sport his learning in company> <sporting the new sedan in the park> b : to wear contentedly or with satisfaction <sported a trim little hat at church> c : to keep or use as a possession <every clerk hoping to sport a horse some day>
*4 Britain : to close or keep (a door) closed usually as an indication that one is too occupied for company
- 5 [2sport] : to put forth as a sport or bud variation <the white rose sported a single red-flowered branch>
- intransitive verb
- 1 a : to amuse oneself by light or playful activity (as by participation in a game or outdoor exercise) : FROLIC, ROMP <lambs sporting in the meadow> b : to engage or participate in a sport and especially an active field sport
- 2 a : to treat sportively or lightly : deal in a sportive or light manner : MOCK b : to speak or act jestingly or slightingly or without due or serious consideration -- used with with <sporting with things he scarcely hoped to understand>
- 3 archaic : to bet habitually
- 4 [2sport] : to deviate or vary abruptly from type : give rise to a sport (as by bud variation) : MUTATE
- synonym see PLAY
- - sport one's oak Brit : close one's door against interruption
- Citation format for this entry:
- "sport." Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged. Merriam-Webster, 2002. http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com (30 Jan. 2007).
FEDERAL GERMANY
Germany is described as both a unified State, and a Federal State. This is a major contradiction. If Germany indeed is a Federal government with 16 States, then it - like the USA - is a Federal Union where the States have governments of their own, a significant measure of self-government, and an internal identity that is only shaped by Berlin to a limited degree. Yes, they have all given up a measure of their sovereignty, but they are sovereign states none the less. - SSG Cornelius Seon (Retired) 15:35, 30 January 2007 (UTC)
- It is a federal state, like the US. Signaturebrendel 01:09, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
- "Unified nation state" is used here not in the sense of a unitary state but in the sense of a single sovereign state (in international relations) resulting from a process of unification among states that previously formed only a confederation of states or were completely independent of each other. --Boson 07:05, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
Motto
Germany does not have any national motto. The slogan Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit is only the anthem. Any officials motto does not exist.84.142.84.61 00:37, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
- I don't quite know how "national motto" is defined, but the explanation given at List of state mottos fits for "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit", as that is used on coins (previously, on 5 DM, now on 2 € coins). Kusma (討論) 12:06, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
- It isn't a official national motto. It is just like the national motto of Poland Bóg, Honor, Ojczyzna. It is a national motto in Poland and you can see it in official ceremonial occasion on banners (look for example a ceremony 2005), but in the constitution is nothing about a national motto. Equally in Germanys constitution is nothing about a national motto.--84.142.84.61 15:24, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
- Neither does the US constitution mention a motto. Lars T. 21:22, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
- It isn't a official national motto. It is just like the national motto of Poland Bóg, Honor, Ojczyzna. It is a national motto in Poland and you can see it in official ceremonial occasion on banners (look for example a ceremony 2005), but in the constitution is nothing about a national motto. Equally in Germanys constitution is nothing about a national motto.--84.142.84.61 15:24, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
Weimar Republic
The German Workers Party, which later changed its name to National Socialist German Workers' Party, was founded on January 5, 1919, not in September of the same year (see Wikipedia's History of Germany). No reason was given for the date change. I therefore reverted the change. Nellov5 15:23, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
German immigration to Spain
That, according to "The Guardian", German residents "spend a significant part of the year living in Spain" is no proof that an increasing number of Germans are actually emigrating to that particular country. Nellov5 08:49, 1 February 2007 (UTC).
Read well. A lot of them are considered immigrants by all means. Millions visit it every year, but those are tourists. See again well:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/spain/article/0,,1830838,00.html
Just to help you I have cut and pasted this:
"That brought the registered British population in Spain to 274,000 - equivalent to a city the size of Bradford or Leicester.
But experts estimate that up to three times as many Britons, about 750,000 people, spend a significant part of the year living in Spain. Only Morocco, Ecuador and Romania have more foreign residents in Spain. Germany, which comes second among the EU countries, provides only half as many."
In fact Germans make up the second largest EU immigrant community in Spain after Britons and their numbers are increasing every year. It is an important fact of one of the the patterns of emigration within the EU.
If you want more information about German immigration to Spain check these sites, which are in German:
http://artikel.4.am/archives/1018-Weg-aus-Deutschland-nach-Spanien-auswandern-....html
http://www.handeln.cc/urlaub-auswandern-spanien/
http://www.deutsche-in-spanien.de/community/links.php?fuseaction_lba=showsites&category_lba=25
From here I have cut and pasted this:
"In den nächsten fünf Jahren planen nach einer Umfrage des FOCUS-Magazins 460.000 Deutsche ihre Auswanderung in den Süden Europas- überwiegend nach Spanien. Nicht nur Rentner wandern aus, Spaniens Wirtschaft boomt, es herrscht in vielen Bereichen grosse Nachfrage nach gut ausgebildeten Arbeitskräften."
Translation for those who do not read German:
" In the following 5 years 460.000 Germans are planning to emigrate to the south of Europe, mainly to Spain. Not only pensioners are emigrating, The Spanish economy is booming, and in all fields there is a large demand for skilled workers."
And I could add many more. This is a fact known by a lot of people, it is not new. So I am posting again this information that is important and verifiable.
Veritas et Severitas 14:29, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
Thousands of German senior citizens are spending a significant part of the year in Spain for medical reasons. This has been the case for several decades now. Are those included in the figure provided in The Guardian article? If so, it isn't made clear. Moreover, a foreign resident is not necessarily someone who has "emigrated", i.e. left his country for good. All the other German articles are stating that the estimated figure is for those Germans who "are planning" to emigrate (I'm a native speaker of German, thank you!) You are anticipating something that defacto hasn't happened yet. Moreover, no figures for other European countries - to which Germans have alledgedly emigrated - were given. Please provide verifiable statistics that prove your point. All links should be to English-language articles. I have therefore removed the link to a German-language website.
Nellov5 01:33, 2 February 2007 (UTC).
I you want more precise data here you have the official statistics from Spain in Spanish. Obviously most information concerning Germans in Spain is either in German or in Spanish:
http://www.ine.es/revistas/cifraine/cifine_ext0605.pdf
As you can see in page two (you do not need to understand Spanish for that: Germany is Alemania in Spanish))the number of German immigrants amounted to 130.232 in 2003., being the second largest group of EU immigrants after Britons. These data are for immigrants, of course, not for tourists, since about 60 million tourists visit Spain every year. These data only account for registered citizens and are from 2003. Over the last 3 years immigration has increased dramatically and has almost doubled since there are now about 5 million immigrants in Spain. Last year alone almost 700.000 came in from all over the world, some of them also from Germany. Veritas et Severitas 01:55, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
- The page talks about "Extranjeros", which means foreigners - not (necessarily) immigrants. Lars T. 17:10, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
According to the Federal Statistical Office of Germany, the number of Germans leaving the country has clearly decreased between 1992 and 2005. These are official data provided to members of the Bundestag. http://www.destatis.de/basis/e/bevoe/bev_bsp_t3.htm Germans may be the second largest group of EU immigrants in Spain, and immigration to that country may be on the increase in general. But on the whole, German emigration today is less than what it was in the years following German reunifaction. That Germans are "increasingly emigrating to Southern Europe" is therefore an unsourced claim (what about emigration to other countries in and outside of Europe?). Nellov5 15:20, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
- You can download more extensive reports here [7]. Latest numbers from 2005 show Spain is now the biggest target in south Europe (if you exclude Austria and Switzerland from that ;-), beating France by one person - unlike the year before. BTW, more Germans move to the UK than to Spain Lars T. 17:10, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
Then where are the statistics that back up your claim? The link you provided is for the FSO shop with no further information. Do I have to purchase one of their publications in order to find the missing data? Sorry, but as long as the appropriate sources are missing, I will take down the (unsourced) sentence about German emigration. Nellov5 18:57, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
- The link timed out. Here is one that should work: [8]. The downloads are free. BTW, this is the original site I got the link from: [9] Lars T. 23:41, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
Well I am sure that you can find information about other countries. I have provided valid sources here for this fact. You can change the wording though and introduce other places too. Veritas et Severitas 16:35, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
The German immigration is some places of Spain and other countries is important. If you do not want to show it in the article, I think it is because you do not want to show it. Do as you want, I have left already more than reasonable information here. I am myself a German in Spain but I am not going to discuss what is written in black and white. Veritas et Severitas 01:14, 3 February 2007 (UTC)
Culture/Sports
The other two most popular sports in Germany are marksmanship and tennis represented by the German Marksmen’s Federation and the German Tennis Federation respectively, both including more than a million members.
I'd like to mention that this needs some comments. Marksmanship is not really a popular sport in Germany but a folkloristic thing. Nearly every small village (not the larger towns) has a "Schützenverein" a marksmen club. That means once a year most male members of the community come together to shoot at a wooden bird high on a pole. Mostly with a gun fixed to a base. When the last bit of the bird comes down (after seveal hours), the man that had the last shoot is "Schützenkönig" King of marksmen for one year. That means he has to pay the beaverages for the hole community to party all night and get drunk. Biggest and most important party of the small village year. Yes, one of our more ridiculus traditions. You can not call this a sport. It dates back (I'm not shure about this) to the time after Napoleon and was supposed to show, that the population can defend itselfe an to keep the people in training. No one cares about that military aspects anymore today. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 84.63.114.124 (talk) 23:17, 4 February 2007 (UTC).
- in my home region (East Saxony) no one even cares for marksmanship and there are few "Schützenvereine".84.181.109.180 07:42, 5 February 2007 (UTC)
You are right, but in Northrhinewestphalia it still is a big thing (e.g. my hometown, pop. 13.000 and at least 5 "Schützenvereine") But this is not sport but Tradition. Of all the hundreds of people I came to know untill now there is only one person who does marksmenship as a sport and she's from poland ;-)Could someone please change the sentence I copied above because it gives an false impression. To have a firewapon and practice with it may be quite a normal thing in the USA but is very unusual in Germany.
Expand?
I see this article has just been flagged "Expand". If I recall correctly, it was condensed in the course of the Featured Article process and the details transferred to the subsidiary articles. What should be added to this article?--Boson 07:11, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
- I have removed the expand tag. It was in the "History" section, which is certainly not in need of expansion. It still contains unnecessary details; people should only add to the subarticles. Kusma (討論) 07:15, 7 February 2007 (UTC)
IPA Spelling of 'Deutschland'
Are you sure it is IPA: [ˈdɔɪtʃlant] and not IPA: [ˈdɔɪ̯tʃland̪]? -- 84.159.109.239 19:59, 12 February 2007 (UTC)
- I don't think the last character of your rendering is displayed correctly by my browser, but the final consonant is, in my opinion, a voiceless alveolar plosive when the word is spoken alone. The [d] currently shown in the article (2007-02-23) is incorrect, in my opinion, though there might be regional differences, and the last consonant would vary when singing (possibly being replaced by something like a glottal stop when chanting). --Boson 20:15, 23 February 2007 (UTC)
I agree... I'm taking a class on the phonetics and phonology of modern German and this final "d" should definitely be de-voiced.169.229.81.21 09:25, 7 March 2007 (UTC)
Serafin sentence
World War II and the Nazi genocide were responsible for about 35 million dead in Europe, with nearly 30 million of these in Poland and the Soviet Union alone.
That leaves a margin of five million deaths in all the other European countries. But even Germany alone has 7.5 million deaths according to World War II casualties, the "source" that was used. And what's everybody's impression after reading the above quote regarding the numbers of deaths in Poland? 17m dead or something like that? According to the wiki article again, it's 2.6m when not counting Jewish victims, much less than Indonesia and much much less than China. User:Serafin is evading his block to indulge in Polish advocacy, as so many times before. By not undoing these edits outright or even make concessions, one would indirectly support and encourage further block evasions on his part. In the German wikipedia, he mainly (or even only) tried to replace "Silesian" with "Polish" against consensus, soon got blocked indefinitely, accused everybody who opposed him as a Nazi (see User:Contra Nazi's talk page for Serafin's "truth"), but in the end got nowhere and with his current behaviour he should not get anywhere here, either. Sciurinæ 14:48, 14 February 2007 (UTC)
To Lars T.: I'm sorry to have reverted some of the good changes by mistake. Because of Snieg's/Serafin's continued vandalism, there have been so many revisions that it's become kind of confusing. Sadly, removing this nonsense on a daily basis seems to have become the main contribution for a lot of editors. Nellov5 21:49, 21 February 2007 (UTC)
- No problem, the "undo" link on a differences page works quite well ;-) Lars T. 22:50, 21 February 2007 (UTC)
The Third Reich
This may be controversial, but I have reverted NOON'S additions about the Holocaust. The details he provides are important, but should be in the sub-articles ("History of Germany", "The Holocaust" etc.), IMO. The history part of this article is meant as an overview of German history, not as a detailed description. One moderator stated that this part shouldn't be expanded any further. If the moderators find my revision to be against the rules, please undo my changes. I have also removed the disputed sentence about Poland and the Soviet Union. Nellov5 15:36, 14 February 2007 (UTC)
- Subjugation alone doesn't necessarily kill. It's the "systematic extermination performed on an industrial scale" in extermination camps etc., which made the killing so effective. IMHO, that's the minimum that should be written in the Holocaust section. The total death toll (around 40 million) may be mentioned in the WWII paragraph and is not part of the Holocaust as such. Noon 00:06, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
"That's the minimum that should be written in the Holocaust section". But this isn't the Holocaust section. This section is called "The Third Reich" and meant to provide an overview of that period in German history (the holocaust and its victims are mentioned, but further information should be in the main Holocaust article.) Please read more carefully and add your details to either "The History of Germany" or any other relevant sub-article. The history section of this article is not in need of expansion (see Kusma's and Baristarim's recommendations). Nellov5 00:30, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
- The 125KB article of The Holocaust is summarized in a paragraph of 3 sentences. It is still a very rough overview for a major genocide made by the Third Reich. If you wish to shorten the history section, please check other portions. Don't revert it back to an inaccurate and vague version. Thanks, Noon 01:10, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
- Again, how many country pages mention genocides at all? Lars T. 06:29, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
Yes, I have reverted the changes. If you think that the main article about The Holocaust is too short, then add your details to it, but not here. I think it's time for the moderators to lock the entire history section of this article, except for those who are going to shorten it. Nellov5 03:25, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
- Concur. Content issues aside, there really shouldn't be any expansion of the history section for this article - it will just make any future summarizing more difficult. Besides, try developing the related articles - this article should link to them with the shortest summary possible. Even that should be done in a global summary of the topic concerned (in this case, history). Baristarim 10:29, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
- We don't need details of the geographical location of the deaths here. If necessary, refer (perhaps in a footnote) to other articles (Holocaust, History of Germany, World War II casualties, etc.) Boson 22:04, 19 February 2007 (UTC).
Military section – mention of Afghanistan
The article mentions Germany’s contribution to ISAF in Afghanistan. It suggests this is a significant contribution (Germany had about 3000 ISAF troops in Afghanistan, the third largest contingent after the United States (14000) and the United Kingdom (5200)), but this can be seen as deceptive and needs some context, especially as Germany has been criticised for not helping enough with the fight against the insurgents/Taliban. Can we discuss this rather than get in an edit war? Chwyatt 16:57, 14 February 2007 (UTC)
Sorry, I deleted your contribution by mistake! No harm meant! Nellov5 17:03, 14 February 2007 (UTC)
- That's OK, I may have been oversensitive :-)
- Chwyatt 17:08, 14 February 2007 (UTC)
- I am sorry, but articles such as these have this tendency to turn into newscasts. Further analysis of issues mentioned in the article must be left to specific sub articles listed under "main" - not this one. This article exists to give an overview of Germany, and that in a historical timeline. That's normal because Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, not BBC News :) Listen, there is an article at Foreign relations of Germany, I suggest that such additions to be made there. Cheers! Baristarim 21:58, 14 February 2007 (UTC)
- On a similar note, the history section needs to be cut down to a third of the content there is right now. This issue came up in the FAC, but was kind of sidestepped along the way because the article had a good quality anyways. But for stylistic purposes that section must become a much better summary of German history. Baristarim 22:00, 14 February 2007 (UTC)
- As was pointed above by Nellov5, most of the stuff needs to go to History of Germany. Take a look at some other FA country articles for ideas (Canada, Turkey, India, Australia etc).. Baristarim 22:03, 14 February 2007 (UTC)
I reverted again, and know that it is not neccessarily a content issue. The history section should not be expanded even if it concerns 7th century BC Germanic tribes, Medieval Germanic princedoms or post-war politics. There needs to be a discussion on how to best to proceed with summarizing the history section. That way potential content concerns of certain editors can be addressed in a more global context in a much more efficient manner. So any ideas? Baristarim 20:05, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
Well, by reverting to the longer version, you just expanded the history section yourself. Why? Aren't you suggesting the opposite? Nellov5 20:19, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
- I am really sorry - my bad. There have been so many reverts that I got lost along the way. You see, it does become confusing!! Baristarim 20:31, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
- I wonder if we should remove the exact numbers (cardinal and ordinal) for the different "campaigns" from this section. If they are given, they have to be correct, which means updating them whenever someone decides that American or British soldiers would be better employed elsewhere, where Germans cannot or will not go. I was somewhat reluctant to edit the original figures when I did, but they had been out of date for a while.
- What should perhaps be mentioned here is the fairly recent sea-change that has taken place in Germany regarding military deployment abroad, and a bit more on the the special political, constitutional and educational factors in Germany, e.g. the very strict prohibition on involvement in hostilities that are not defensive (defence of allies and limited transfer of some sovereignty to international organizations may be permitted, but preventive war is almost certainly forbidden; and parliament has to be involved in most decisions). Another thing that should perhaps be mentioned is the "ideological" commitment to military service, as opposed to a professional army (because of concerns about the military becoming a state within a state). These are things that are possibly essential to an understanding of German military policy, though it may be difficult to express them concisely and in compliance with Wikipedia rules (one might be tempted to argue that the whole post-War system was designed to make Germany unable and unwilling to wage war--Boson 00:52, 16 February 2007 (UTC)
Compulsory military service
"Military Service is compulsory for men at the age of 18 and conscripts serve nine-month tours of duty"
I'm 99% sure this isn't true, there is a 'social' option which involves various community based work e.g. working with the elderly etc.
Investigation needed!
- Good point, that somehow got lost. Fixed. Lars T. 23:19, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
Location maps available for infoboxes of European countries
As this outcome cannot justify reverting of new maps that had become used for some countries, seconds before February 5, 2007 a survey started that will be closed soon at February 20, 2007 23:59:59. It should establish two things:
- whether the new style maps may be applied as soon as some might become available for countries outside the European continent (or such to depend on future discussions),
- which new version (with of without indicating the entire European Union by a separate shade) should be applied for which countries.
There mustnot be 'oppose' votes; if none of the options would be appreciated, you could vote for the option you might with some effort find least difficult to live with - rather like elections only allowing to vote for one of several candidates. Obviously, you are most welcome to leave a brief argumentation with your vote. Kind regards. — SomeHuman 19 Feb2007 00:44 (UTC)
biggest exporteur of goods
I am not quit sure about the fact, that Germany is best exporteur of 2005 AND 2006. Could someone get information about it and add the fact to the text. thanks niggix in German Wikipedia see at www.destatis.de Exporte 2005 and Exporte 2006 +13%
Note 14
where is it??? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 84.63.98.189 (talk) 07:14, 23 February 2007 (UTC).
Reasons for the West German "economic miracle"
I didn't think this discussion really belonged under the heading "Morgenthau Plan". "I would propose deleteing the sentence " The recovery occurred largely because of the previously forbidden currency reform of June 1948 and U.S. assistance through the Marshall Plan aid." I don't think it is possible to give one (or two) reasons for the "German Economic Miracle" in the space available here. The Marshall Plan no doubt helped. The dismantling policy (which some would regard as a remnant of the Morgenthau Plan) could also be credited with helping to modernize German industry. The currency reform doubtless played a major part, as did other policies of Ludwig Erhard (who is, surprisingly, not mentioned) in particular. One can, of course, find quotes to back up assertions that one particular thing was the principle cause. If you read the older Mundell, you may find that liberal (European use of the word) economic policies are stressed. If you read articles written 40 years ago (also by Mundell, if I recall correctly -- I can't provide cites at the moment) you will find a model that attributes the economic revival mainly to growth in the young working population (refugees, fugitives, reduction of concealed unemployment in agriculture, etc.). So, in my opinion, we should limit ourselves here to stating that there was an economic revival, popularly called an "economic miracle" (why use the German Wirtschaftswunder; I think "economic miracle" is established -- at least in the UK).--Boson 12:38, 24 February 2007 (UTC)
Reply to this statement by Nellov5 (talk · contribs)
“ | In contrast to the Marshall plan, the Morgenthau plan is deservedly forgotten in present-day Germany, as it had no lasting effect whatsoever. If anything, it should be mentioned in the History of Germany article. Therefore, removing the link to the Marshall plan subarticle makes no sense, particularly since it doesn't shorten the section as a whole either. I have therefore reverted the change. | ” |
Fussy logic used in that statement aside, please show, using sources, why the Marshall plan should take up space in the history of Germany section? I suspect that you are suffering under what appears to be a common German fallacy to believe in a fairly-tale myths about events in the late 40’s and early 50’s, for example by giving the Marshall plan far more credit than it deserves as regards German economic development.
“ | To this day, a truly astonishing number of Germans (and almost all advanced high school students) have an idea what the Marshall Plan was, although their idea is very often very inaccurate. They think the Marshall Plan was aid given exclusively to West Germany; that it was given in the form of a vast amount of dollars (cash); that it was an outright gift from the U.S. Many Germans believe that the Marshall Plan was alone responsible for the economic miracle of the Fifties. And when scholars come along and explain that reality was far more complex, they are sceptical and disappointed. | ” |
Now, let me show you why it is a waste of space to include the Marshall plan:
Out of a total of $13 billion, Germany received only $1,4 billion, a large part of which was in the form of loans. To compare, the free aid received by other nations. France: $2,3 billion; Netherlands $1,2 billion; United Kingdom: $3,3 billion. Or why not compare it to what the Western Allies took out of Germany directly: Beginning immediately after the German surrender and continuing for the next two years the U.S. pursued a vigorous program to harvest all technological and scientific know-how as well as all patents in Germany. John Gimbel comes to the conclusion, in his book "Science Technology and Reparations: Exploitation and Plunder in Postwar Germany", that the "intellectual reparations" taken by the U.S. and the UK amounted to close to $10,0 billion. Ref: Norman M. Naimark "The Russians in Germany" pg. 206. (Naimark refers to Gimbels book) So, with one hand they take almost $10,0 billion woth of know-how (halting all research in Germany for several years, since anything new that a German company invented also automatically was given to its U.S competitors whose representatives were free to take home to the U.S. all archives and documentation), while with the other "giving" $1,4 billion, a large part of which has to be repaid. (in 1953 it was decided that $1.1 billion was to be repaid to the U.S.)
Meanwhile, the U.S. and U.K. were still busy reducing the German economy in order to make sure that Germany would never have the strength to threaten the U.S. again. In occupied Germany the Morgenthau plan lived on in the "industrial disarmament" plans, designed to reduce German economic might and to destroy Germany's capability to wage war by complete or partial de-industrialisation and restrictions imposed on utilization of remaining production capacity. By 1950, after the virtual completion of the by the then much watered-out plans, equipment had been removed from 706 manufacturing plants in the west and steel production capacity had been reduced by 6,700,000 tons. Ref: Frederick H. Gareau "Morgenthau's Plan for Industrial Disarmament in Germany" The Western Political Quarterly, Vol. 14, No. 2 (Jun., 1961), pp. 517-534
(Must have been good for business, take away German industrial machinery and all German patents and other technical know-how, then give Germany loans that can only be spent in north america thereby keeping the U.S. economy going strong when Germany eventually tries to rebuild what has been taken away.)
Or why not se what David R. Henderson has to say about the Marshal plan in regards to the German economic recovery: From German Economic "Miracle"
“ | This account has not mentioned the Marshall Plan. Can't the German revival be attributed mainly to that? The answer is no. The reason is simple: Marshall Plan aid to Germany was not that large. Cumulative aid from the Marshall Plan and other aid programs totaled only $2 billion through October 1954. Even in 1948 and 1949, when aid was at its peak, Marshall Plan aid was less than 5 percent of German national income. Other countries that received substantial Marshall Plan aid had lower growth than Germany.
Moreover, while Germany was receiving aid, it was also making reparations and restitution payments that were well over $1 billion. Finally, and most important, the Allies charged the Germans DM7.2 billion annually ($2.4 billion) for their costs of occupying Germany. (Of course, these occupation costs also meant that Germany did not need to pay for its own defense.) |
” |
Nellov5 (talk · contribs): If you want to keep reinserting the Marshall plan into the history section, provide some secondary source that motivates that inclusion! As far as I can tell, you have no legs to stand on at the moment.--Stor stark7 Talk 13:03, 24 February 2007 (UTC)
I'm not going to comment on Stor stark7s redundant elaborations about the Morgenthau plan (which already take up the biggest part of this page). The only reason why I posted under that heading was because I didn't want to start a new topic. This editor clearly has issues with America's post-war policy regarding Germany (which may be due in part to the widespread anti-Americanism in the Swedish educational system). It is telling that Wikipedia's German country page doesn't give any reasons for the "Wirtschaftswunder". They obviously understand that an overview of a country's history is not to include too many details. Stor stark7 should indulge in his obsession in the subarticles, but not here. "The recovery occurred largely because of the previously forbidden currency reform of June 1948.[12]". The new sentence suggests that the "economic miracle" occurred solely because of the currency reform, when clearly that is disputable at best. One economist's opinion is just that - an opinion, and no more valid than the article about the Marshall plan whose link was removed. I agree with Boson who states that we should limit ourselves here to stating that there was an economic revival. Which is why I have made the appropriate change. Nellov5 23:15, 24 February 2007 (UTC)
- I see you’re taking the easy way out by accepting the exit offered you by Boson. Wise choice. I have to say that your little fictive analysis of the supposed "anti-Americanism" of the Swedish educational system was rather cute. Any source to back it up, or just a figment of your imagination purveyed as fact? I also note that you have trouble with the difference between the English words "largely" and "solely". As to one economists opinion, sourced opinion I might add, that is in fact quite a lot more valid than your inclusion of the Marshall plan without any source at all. As to my alleged "issues with America's post-war policy regarding Germany", I’m only interested in getting an as accurate and sourced picture presented as possible. If some peoples "un-sourced" illusions get broken by it, to bad. It is truly sad that so many people with such strong opinions on this topic seem to have read absolutely no literature about it, and yet persist in purveying their uninformed opinions as facts. Ever wondered why, more than two years after the cease fire in Europe, George Marshall started lobbying for a "European recovery program"? Why not read a quote by Ray Salvatore Jennings [10]
- "The rest of Europe, previously dependent on the industrial base of pre-war Germany, continued its listless recovery. This vulnerability of Europe, the destitution of the German public, and continued concern over Soviet intentions moved the Joint Chiefs of Staff to join Clay in lobbying Truman to change course. By winter, Truman had sacked Secretary of State James Byrnes, replacing him with General George Marshall. By the summer of 1947, Marshall had successfully made the argument that JCS 1067 must be rescinded on "national security grounds" and replaced by JCS 1779."
- Or to quote Vladimir Petrovs conclusion on the effects of U.S. policy in Germany: "The victorious Allies … delayed by several years the economic reconstruction of the war torn continent, a reconstruction which subsequently cost the US billions of dollars." Or why not read a concise explanation of the European state of affairs and Germany’s role in it in mid 1947 from the time in question, when at least the Americans finally seemed to have "seen the light". "Pas de Pagaille!", Time magazine--Stor stark7 Talk 01:37, 25 February 2007 (UTC)
Cencorship
Is there anything in this about the cencorship of violent video games?
Most of the censorship in germany you think of is really just some form of youth protection where advertising and selling of violent media to minors is prohibited. Adults can still buy and play the games, although it might be hard to find a shop selling them. I don't know if you want to call this censorship or not, but it it has very little impact on german society. There is also some full scale censorship in connection with the nazi heritage, the most prominent example is that selling copies of "Mein Kampf" is prohibited in germany.
Not satisfied with the map
I'm not very happy with the CIA map of Germany used in this article. For instance, why does it show the river Danube but not the Rhine which is at least as important to Germany in economics and history, probably even more important? Why does it show the rather small city of Emden in the northwest corner of the country but no city at all in the southwest corner - where Freiburg im Breisgau would be located, a city four times as large as Emden and historically very important? I have nothing against Emden, but that's an inconsistency a map in a featured article shouldn't exhibit in my opinion. Gestumblindi 19:36, 5 March 2007 (UTC)
- Well, the reason is obvious: we don't have a better one (with the needed rights to free use) Lars T. 23:07, 5 March 2007 (UTC)
- I hope there are some people here who could draw a better one (I can't, don't have such skills) :-) Gestumblindi 00:06, 6 March 2007 (UTC)
Demographics Section Needs Changing
Minor little edit needs to be made. It says the German population is about 19% of foreign descent or at elast partially, when in fact the sources that were linked to back this statement up place the number as being somewheres along the lines of 8-9%, natural births of immigrants included. This should probably be changed.
CorneliusStump 08:29, 11 March 2007 (UTC)
can anyone tell me how has germany benefitted since it became a member of the european union and how germany has beneffited the european union since it became a memberSdarcy 17:58, 12 March 2007 (UTC)
- Wikipedia featured articles
- Featured articles that have not appeared on the main page
- Old requests for peer review
- Wikipedia copy editing
- WikiProject Guild of Copy Editors
- FA-Class Germany articles
- Top-importance Germany articles
- WikiProject Germany articles
- WikiProject Countries
- Wikipedia pages with to-do lists
- WikiProject style advice
- WikiProjects participating in Wikipedia 1.0 assessments
- Unassessed software articles
- Unknown-importance software articles
- Unassessed software articles of Unknown-importance
- Unassessed Computing articles
- Unknown-importance Computing articles
- All Computing articles
- All Software articles