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Ram Mandir

Coordinates: 26°47′44″N 82°11′39″E / 26.7956°N 82.1943°E / 26.7956; 82.1943
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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Santoshdts (talk | contribs) at 11:13, 8 August 2020 (→Ground-breaking ceremony: Rephrased - "permission" is bit odd word here and even the source doesn't say so.). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Ram Mandir
Religion
AffiliationHinduism
DeityRam Lalla (infant form of Rama)
FestivalsRama Navami, Diwali, Dussehra
Location
LocationRam Janmabhoomi, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India
Ram Mandir is located in India
Ram Mandir
Shown within India
Ram Mandir is located in Uttar Pradesh
Ram Mandir
Ram Mandir (Uttar Pradesh)
Geographic coordinates26°47′44″N 82°11′39″E / 26.7956°N 82.1943°E / 26.7956; 82.1943
Architecture
Architect(s)Sompura family
(Chandrakant Sompura[1]
Nikhil Sompura and Ashish Sompura[2])
CreatorShri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra
Groundbreaking5 August 2020
CompletedUnder construction since 4 years, 7 months, 2 weeks and 3 days
Temple(s)1
This article contains Indic text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks or boxes, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.
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Ram Mandir (transl. Ram Temple) is a Hindu temple that is being built at the sacred pilgrimage site of Ram Janmabhoomi in Ayodhya of Uttar Pradesh, India.[3] Many Hindus believe the site to be birthplace of Rama, whom they worship as seventh avatar (incarnation) of Vishnu. The temple construction will be undertaken by Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra. The temple has been designed by the Sompura family of Gujarat.

In 1528, the Mughals erected a mosque on the site, the Babri Masjid. Disputes over the rightful use of the site resulted in a crowd of Hindu protesters illegally demolishing the mosque in 1992. As part of the Supreme Court's 2019 verdict, it was directed that the temple be constructed at the site and 5 acres of land was allocated for the mosque elsewhere in city.

History

Main article: Ayodhya dispute

Rama, considered an incarnation of god Vishnu, is a widely worshiped Hindu deity. According to the ancient Indian epic, Ramayana, Rama was born in Ayodhya. This became known as Ram Janmabhoomi or Ram's birthplace. In the 15th century, the Mughals constructed a mosque, the Babri Masjid, on Ram Janmabhoomi. Hindus believe that the mosque was built after razing a Hindu temple. A violent dispute arose in the 1850s.[4]

The Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP) had announced that it would lay the foundation stone of the temple on the disputed territory, before being ordered to stop by the Lucknow bench of Allahabad High Court. The VHP then collected funds and bricks with "Shree Ram" written on them. Later, the Rajiv Gandhi ministry gave the VHP the permission for the Shilanyas,[a] with then Home Minister Buta Singh formally granting the permission to then VHP leader Ashok Singhal. Initially the centre and state governments had agreed upon the conducting of the Shilanyas outside of the disputed site. However, on 9 November 1989, a group of VHP leaders and Sadhus laid the foundation stone by digging a 200-litre (7-cubic-foot) pit on the disputed land. The singhdwar (transl. main entrance) of the sanctum sanctorum was laid here.[5] Kameshwar Chaupal (a Dalit leader from Bihar) became one of the first people to lay the stone.[6]

On 6 December 1992 the Vishva Hindu Parishad and the Bharatiya Janata Party organised a rally at the site involving 150,000 volunteers, known as kar sevaks. The rally turned violent, and the crowd overwhelmed security forces and tore down the mosque.[7][8][9] The demolition resulted in several months of intercommunal rioting between India's Hindu and Muslim communities, causing the death of at least 2,000 people, mainly Muslim.[10]

Various title and legal disputes also took place, such as the passage of the Acquisition of Certain Area at Ayodhya Ordinance, 1993. It was only after the 2019 Supreme Court verdict on Ayodhya dispute that it was decided the disputed land be handed over to a trust formed by the Government. The trust formed was Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra.[4] 5 acres of land was allocated for the mosque elsewhere in city.[11][12] On 5 February 2020, it was announced in the parliament that the Second Modi ministry had accepted a scheme to construct the temple.[13]

Ram Lalla, the deity of the temple, was a litigant in the court case of the dispute since 1989, being considered a "juristic person" by the law.[14] He was represented by Triloki Nath Pandey, a senior VHP leader who was considered as Ram Lalla's next 'human' friend.[15]

Architecture

See also: Sompura family and Hindu temple architecture

The original design for the Ram temple was prepared in 1988 by the Sompura family of Ahmedabad.[2] The Sompuras have been part of the temple design of over 100 temples all over the world for at least 15 generations.[16] A new design for Ram temple, with some changes from the original design, was prepared by the Sompuras in 2020. The temple will be 235 feet wide, 360 feet long and 161 feet high.[17][16] The chief architect of the temple is Chandrakant Sompura along with his two sons Nikhil Sompura and Ashish Sompura, who are also architects.[17] The Sompura family have designed the Ram temple following 'Nagara' style architecture, one of the types of Indian temple architecture.[16]

The temple complex will have a prayer hall, "a Ramkatha Kunj (lecture hall), a Vaidik Pathshala (educational facility), a Sant Niwas (saints' residence) and a Yatri Niwas (hostel for visitors)" and other facilities like a museum and a cafeteria.[18] Once complete the temple complex will be the world's third largest Hindu shrine.[17] A model of the proposed temple was showcased during the Prayag Kumbh Mela in 2019.[19]

Construction

The Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra trust began the first phase of construction of the Ram Temple in March 2020.[20][21] However, the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in India followed by the 2020 China–India skirmishes caused a temporary suspension of the construction.[22][23][24] During ground-leveling and excavation of the construction site a Shivaling, pillars and broken idols were found.[25] On 25 March 2020 Lord Ram's idol was moved to a temporary location in the presence of Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath.[26]

In preparation for its construction, the Vishwa Hindu Parishad organised a Vijay Mahamantra Jaap Anushthan, in which individuals would gather at different places to chant the Vijay Mahamantra, Shri Ram, Jai Ram, Jai Jai Ram, on 6 April 2020. This was said to ensure "victory over hurdles" in the construction of the temple.[27]

Larsen & Toubro, which reportedly offered to oversee the design and construction of the temple free of cost, is the contractor of the project.[28][29]

Ground-breaking ceremony

The temple construction officially started again after a ground-breaking ceremony on 5 August 2020. Three-day long Vedic rituals were held ahead of the ground-breaking ceremony, which revolved around the installation of a 40 kg silver brick as the foundation stone by the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi.[2] On 4 August, the Ramarchan Puja was performed, an invitation to all the major gods and goddesses.[30]

On the occasion of the Bhoomi-Pooja, soil and holy-water from several religious places across India, Triveni Sangam of rivers Ganga, Yamuna, Saraswati at Prayagraj, Kaveri river at Talakaveri, Kamakhya Temple in Assam and many others, were collected.[31][32][33] Soil was also sent from various Hindu temples, Gurudwaras and Jain Temples across the nation to bless the upcoming temple. Among the many was Sharada Peeth located in Pakistan.[34][35][36] Soil was also sent form the four pilgrimage locations of Char Dham.[37] Temples in United States, Canada and Caribbean Islands held a virtual service to celebrate the occasion.[38] Rama's image were shown at Times Square.[39][40] All 7,000 temples in a 7 km radius of Hanumangarhi were also been asked to join in the celebrations by lighting diyas.[41] Muslims devotees in Ayodhya who consider Rama as their ancestor also looked forward to the bhoomi-puja.[42] Spiritual leaders from all faiths were invited on the occasion.[42]

On 5 August, Prime Minister Modi first offered prayers at Hanumangarhi temple to seek blessings of Hanuman for the day's events.[43] Following this the ground breaking and foundation stone laying ceremony of Ram Mandir took place.[43] Yogi Adityanath, Mohan Bhagwat, Nrityagopal Das and Narendra Modi gave speeches.[43] Modi started his speech with Jai Siya Ram and he went on to urge those in attendance to chant Jai Siya Ram.[44][45][46] He stated, "the call of Jai Siya Ram is resonating not only in the city of Lord Ram but throughout the world today" and that "Ram Mandir will become the modern symbol of our traditions".[47][48] Narendra Modi also paid his respects to the many who had made sacrifices for the Ram temple.[49] Mohan Bhagwat also thanked LK Advani for his contributions to the movement to get the temple built.[49] Modi also planted a sapling of the Parijat.[50] In front of the deity, Modi performed a dandvat pranam/ sashtang pranam, lying completely prone on the ground with hands outstretched in prayer.[51]

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, attendees at the temple were limited to 175.[43]

  • Narendra Modi performing Bhoomi Pujan at the groundbreaking. Also visible are Mohan Bhagwat and Anandiben Patel.
    Narendra Modi performing Bhoomi Pujan at the groundbreaking. Also visible are Mohan Bhagwat and Anandiben Patel.
  • PM Narendra Modi and CM Yogi Adityanath and other dignitaries unveiling the plaque to lay the foundation stone of Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir
    PM Narendra Modi and CM Yogi Adityanath and other dignitaries unveiling the plaque to lay the foundation stone of Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir
  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressing the gathering at the foundation stone laying ceremony of Ram Temple
    Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressing the gathering at the foundation stone laying ceremony of Ram Temple

Deity

Ram Lalla Virajman, the infant form of Rama, an avatar of Vishnu, is the presiding deity of the temple.[15] Ramlalla's dress will be stitched by tailors Bhagwat Prasad and Shankar Lal; Shankar Lal is a fourth generation tailor to Rama's idol.[52][53]

See also

Explanatory footnotes

  1. ^ Foundation stone ceremony

Citations

  1. ^ Umarji, Vinay (15 November 2019). "Chandrakant Sompura, the man who designed a Ram temple for Ayodhya". Business Standard. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  2. ^ a b c Pandey, Alok (23 July 2020). "Ayodhya's Ram Temple Will Be 161-Foot Tall, An Increase Of 20 Feet". NDTV. Retrieved 23 July 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ Bajpai, Namita (7 May 2020). "Land levelling for Ayodhya Ram temple soon, says mandir trust after video conference". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 8 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ a b Deepalakshmi, K. (8 November 2019). "Ramjanmabhoomi-Babri Masjid title dispute: The story so far". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
  5. ^ Mathew, Liz (4 August 2020). "Explained: The Ayodhya Ram temple journey, from November 9, 1989 to August 5, 2020". The Indian Express. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  6. ^ "Ministry of Home Affairs notifies temple trust; RSS, VHP members kept out". The Hindu. 5 February 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  7. ^ Tully, Mark (5 December 2002). "Tearing down the Babri Masjid". BBC News. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
  8. ^ Guha, Ramachandra (2007). India After Gandhi. MacMillan. pp. 582–598.
  9. ^ "Report: Sequence of events on December 6". Ndtv.com. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  10. ^ Guha, Ramachandra (2007). India After Gandhi. MacMillan. pp. 633–659.
  11. ^ "Ram Mandir verdict: Supreme Court verdict on Ram Janmabhoomi-Babri Masjid case: Highlights". The Times of India. 9 November 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
  12. ^ Civil Appeal Nos 10866-10867 of 2010 (PDF) (Report). The Supreme Court of India. 2019.
  13. ^ Phukan, Sandeep (5 February 2020). "PM announces Cabinet nod for Ram temple in Ayodhya". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  14. ^ Niazi, Shuriah (9 November 2019). "Hindu infant deity gets disputed land in India". Anadolou Agency. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
  15. ^ a b "Ayodhya Case Verdict: Who is Ram Lalla Virajman, the 'Divine Infant' Given the Possession of Disputed Ayodhya Land". News18. 9 November 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
  16. ^ a b c Sampal, Rahul (28 July 2020). "Somnath, Akshardham & now Ram Mandir – Gujarat family designing temples for 15 generations". ThePrint. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
  17. ^ a b c Bajpai, Namita (21 July 2020). "280-feet wide, 300-feet long and 161-feet tall: Ayodhya Ram temple complex to be world's third-largest Hindu shrine". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 23 July 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  18. ^ "Grand Ram temple in Ayodhya before 2022". The New Indian Express. IANS. 11 November 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  19. ^ India, Press Trust of (6 February 2020). "Ayodhya Ram Mandir construction to begin in April this year: Trustee". Business Standard India. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
  20. ^ Sharma, Pratul (23 March 2020). "1st phase of Ram temple construction begins in Ayodhya". The Week. Retrieved 9 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  21. ^ "Ram Mandir Construction: राम मंदिर निर्मितीच्या पहिल्या टप्प्यातील काम सुरू" [Ram Mandir Construction: Ram mandir Foundation Starts First Phase of Work]. Times Now Marathi (in Marathi). 8 May 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  22. ^ Bajpai, Namita (9 April 2020). "Ram Mandir plans continue during COVID-19 lockdown, temple trust releases its official Logo". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 9 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  23. ^ "COVID-19: लॉकडाउन खत्म होते ही अयोध्या में शुरू होगा भव्य राम मंदिर निर्माण" [COVID-19: The Ram Temple construction will begin in Ayodhya after the end of lockdown]. News18 India (in Hindi). 1 January 1970. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  24. ^ "Indo-China border standoff: Plan to start construction of Ram Temple in Ayodhya suspended". The Economic Times. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
  25. ^ "Shivling, carvings on sandstone found at Ram Janmabhoomi site: Temple trust". The Times of India. ANI. 21 May 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2020.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  26. ^ Rashid, Omar (25 March 2020). "U.P. Chief Minister Adityanath shifts Ram idol amid lockdown". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
  27. ^ "VHP to organise 'Vijay Mahamantra Jaap Anushthan'". Outlook. IANS. 4 April 2020. Retrieved 2 August 2020.
  28. ^ "L&T to oversee the construction of Ram temple: Vishwa Hindu Parishad". Business Standard. 3 March 2020. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  29. ^ "L&T ready to construct Ram temple in Ayodhya for free, say VHP leaders". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
  30. ^ "'Ramarchan puja' begins ahead of 'bhoomi pujan' in Ayodhya". DNA India. 4 August 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  31. ^ Mehta, Kriti (22 July 2020). "Ram temple bhumi pujan: Sangam soil, water to be taken to Ayodhya; proceedings to be telecast live". The Times Of India.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  32. ^ "Water, soil from Kodagu sent to Ayodhya". Deccan Herald. 24 July 2020.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  33. ^ "Sacred Soil of Kamakhya Temple taken for Construction of Ram Mandir". Guwahati Plus. 28 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  34. ^ Singh, Akhilesh (26 July 2020). "VHP sends soil from gurdwara, Valmiki temple to Ayodhya". The Times of India. Retrieved 26 July 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  35. ^ "Soil from Sharda Peeth in Kashmir to be used in Ram Mandir foundation in Ayodhya". The Kashmir Monitor. 25 July 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  36. ^ "Soil from 11 places in Delhi sent for Ayodhya Ram Temple Bhoomika pujan". United News of India. 24 July 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  37. ^ Roy, Suparna (26 July 2020). "Char Dham soil and Ganga water to be sent to Ayodhya for Ram Temple Bhumi Pujan". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 30 July 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  38. ^ "Temples in North America to hold virtual prayer to celebrate Ayodhya Ram Temple's foundation laying ceremony". The Hindu. PTI. 1 August 2020. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 1 August 2020.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  39. ^ "Lord Ram's images to be displayed in Times Square to celebrate August 5 Ayodhya Temple groundbreaking ceremony". The Hindu. PTI. 30 July 2020. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 1 August 2020.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  40. ^ "Largest digital display of Lord Ram shines in New York's Times Square". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
  41. ^ Sharda, Shailvee (1 August 2020). "UP: On the threshold of change, Ayodhya braces for transition". The Times of India. Retrieved 1 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  42. ^ a b "Muslim devotees of Lord Ram gear up to celebrate temple 'bhoomi pujan' in Ayodhya". The Hindu. PTI. 27 July 2020. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2 August 2020.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  43. ^ a b c d Ray, Meenakshi, ed. (5 August 2020). "After bhoomi poojan at Ayodhya, RSS' Mohan Bhagwat says we have fulfilled our resolve". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 5 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  44. ^ "From Laos to Lanka, Ram is everywhere: PM Modi in Ayodhya". India Today. 5 August 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  45. ^ "'Jai Siyaram' call resonating throughout the world: PM Narendra Modi". The Times of India. 5 August 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  46. ^ "Long wait ends today: PM chants 'Jai Siya Ram' in Ayodhya". Punjab News Express. 5 August 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  47. ^ "With Jai Siya Ram, PM Modi departs from Jai Shri Ram chant at bhoomi pujan". India Today. 5 August 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  48. ^ "Ram Mandir Will Be A Modern Symbol Of Our Traditions: PM Modi". BW Businessworld. 5 August 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  49. ^ a b Tripathi, Ashutosh, ed. (5 August 2020). "At Ayodhya Ram temple event, PM Modi reiterates mantra to fight coronavirus". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 5 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  50. ^ Jain, Sanya (5 August 2020). "Watch: PM Narendra Modi Plants Parijat Sapling At Ram Temple". NDTV.com. Retrieved 5 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  51. ^ "Ram Mandir Bhoomi Pujan : राम लला को साष्टांग प्रणाम क‍िया प्रधानमंत्री मोदी ने, जानें क्‍या है इसका महत्‍व". Times Now Hindu (in Hindi). 5 August 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  52. ^ "अयोध्या: 5 अगस्त को इस टेलर का सिला पोशाक पहनेंगे रामलला" [On 5 August Ram will wear clothes stitched by this tailor]. News18 India (in Hindi). 27 July 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  53. ^ "What the idol of Ram Lalla will don for the Ayodhya temple 'bhoomi pujan' - Divine Couture". The Economic Times. 4 August 2020. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
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