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Hawthorne, California

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Hawthorne, California
City
City of Hawthorne
Official seal of Hawthorne, California
Seal
Official logo of Hawthorne, California
Motto: 
"City of Good Neighbors"
Location of Hawthorne in Los Angeles County, California
Location of Hawthorne in Los Angeles County, California
Country United States
State California
County Los Angeles
IncorporatedJuly 12, 1922[1]
Government
 • City councilMayor Alex Vargas[2]
Haidar Awad[3]
Angie English[4]
Nilo Michelin[5]
[6]
 • Interim city managerArnold Shadbehr[7]
 • City treasurerL. David Patterson[8]
 • City clerkNorb Huber[9]
Area
[10]
 • Total6.092 sq mi (15.779 km2)
 • Land6.081 sq mi (15.750 km2)
 • Water0.011 sq mi (0.029 km2)  0.18%
Elevation
[11]
72 ft (22 m)
Population
 (April 1, 2010)[12]
 • Total84,293
 • Estimate 
(2015)[12]
88,451
 • Density14,000/sq mi (5,300/km2)
Time zoneUTC-8 (Pacific Time Zone)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-7 (PDT)
ZIP codes
90250 and 90251[13]
Area codes310/424,[14] 323
FIPS code06-32548
GNIS feature IDs1652717, 2410720
Websitewww.cityofhawthorne.org

Hawthorne is a city in southwestern Los Angeles County, California. The city at the 2010 census had a population of 84,293, up from 84,112 at the 2000 census and in 2013 a population of 86,199.

History

The city was founded in 1905 as the "Hawthorne Improvement Company" by B.L. Harding and H.D. Lombard. Harding's daughter shared her birthday--July 4th, American Independence Day--with New England author Nathaniel Hawthorne, and a decision was made to name the city after him.[16]

Hawthorne was once a "whites only" settlement, commonly called a sundown town. During the 1930s, signs warned African-Americans to be out of Hawthorne by sundown.[17]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 6.1 square miles (16 km2), over 99% of it land.

To the north of Hawthorne is the unincorporated community of Lennox and the city of Inglewood. To the east is the unincorporated community of Athens and the city of Gardena. To the south is the unincorporated community of El Camino Village, and the cities of Lawndale and Redondo Beach. Manhattan Beach is at the southwest corner of Hawthorne, and the city of El Segundo is to the west of Hawthorne. The unincorporated community of Del Aire is surrounded on three sides by the city of Hawthorne along western edge of Hawthorne.

The Century Freeway (Glenn Anderson Freeway, I-105) runs along the northern boundary of Hawthorne, with the LACMTA Green Line light rail line running down the center of the Century Freeway. The San Diego Freeway (I-405) runs along the western boundary of Hawthorne. Major east–west streets in Hawthorne include Rosecrans Ave., El Segundo Ave., and Imperial Highway. Major north–south street include Aviation Blvd., Inglewood Ave., Hawthorne Blvd., Prairie Ave., Crenshaw Blvd., and Van Ness Ave.

Hawthorne is five miles (8 km) from the Los Angeles International Airport.[18]

Hawthorne comprises ZIP codes 90250 and 90251. It is in 310 area code, except for a small portion of northeastern Hawthorne, which is located in 323 area code.

Climate

Hawthorne, California
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Source: Weather.com / NWS
Metric conversion
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Hawthorne, like the rest of the Los Angeles basin, is well known for its year-round Mediterranean climate:

  • On average, the warmest month is August.
  • The highest recorded temperature was 111 °F (44 °C) in 1961.
  • On average, the coolest month is January.
  • The lowest recorded temperature was 15 °F (−9 °C) in 1963.
  • The maximum average precipitation occurs in February.

Hawthorne has a Mediterranean climate or Dry-Summer Subtropical (Köppen climate classification Csb on the coast, Csa inland), enjoying plenty of sunshine throughout the year, with an average of 263 sunshine days and only 35 days with measurable precipitation annually.[19]

The period of April through November is warm to hot and dry with average high temperatures of 71–79 °F (22–26 °C) and lows of 50–62 °F (10–17 °C). Due to the moderating effect of the ocean, temperatures are cooler than more inland areas of Los Angeles, where temperatures frequently exceed 90 °F (32 °C) and occasionally reach 100 °F (38 °C).

The Los Angeles area is also subject to the phenomena typical of a microclimate. As such, the temperatures can vary as much as 18 °F (10 °C) between inland areas and the coast, with a temperature gradient of over one degree per mile (1.6 km) from the coast inland. California has also a weather phenomenon called "June Gloom or May Grey", which sometimes brings overcast or foggy skies in the morning at the coast, but usually gives way to sunny skies by noon, during late spring and early summer.

The Los Angeles region averages 15 inches (385 mm) of precipitation annually, which mainly occurs during the winter and spring (November through April) with generally light rain showers, but sometimes as heavy rainfall and thunderstorms. On November 6, 1966 the first ever documented tornado touched down within the city's limits. It caused significant damage, it ran for about a half of a mile, from 132nd St. and Ramona Ave. to 140th St. and Ramona Ave. Snowfall is extremely rare but not impossible in the city basin.

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
19306,596—
19408,26325.3%
195016,31697.5%
196033,035102.5%
197053,30461.4%
198056,4375.9%
199071,34926.4%
200084,11217.9%
201084,2930.2%
2015 (est.)88,451[20]4.9%
U.S. Decennial Census[21]

2010

The 2010 United States Census[22] reported that Hawthorne had a population of 84,293. The population density was 13,835.7 people per square mile (5,342.0/km²). The racial makeup of Hawthorne was 27,678 (32.8%) White (10.3% Non-Hispanic White),[12] 23,385 (27.7%) African American, 565 (0.7%) Native American, 5,642 (6.7%) Asian, 974 (1.2%) Pacific Islander, 22,127 (26.3%) from other races, and 3,922 (4.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 44,572 persons (52.9%).

The Census reported that 83,754 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, 208 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 331 (0.4%) were institutionalized.

There were 28,486 households, out of which 12,330 (43.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 10,833 (38.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 6,369 (22.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,357 (8.3%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 2,309 (8.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 191 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. Of the households, 7,125 (25.0%) were made up of individuals and 1,430 (5.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94. There were 19,559 families (68.7% of all households); the average family size was 3.54.

The population was spread out with 23,157 people (27.5%) under the age of 18, 9,487 people (11.3%) aged 18 to 24, 27,035 people (32.1%) aged 25 to 44, 18,395 people (21.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 6,219 people (7.4%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31.5 years. For every 100 females there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.6 males.

There were 29,869 housing units at an average density of 4,902.7 per square mile (1,892.9/km²), of which 7,623 (26.8%) were owner-occupied, and 20,863 (73.2%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.5%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.6%. 25,869 people (30.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 57,885 people (68.7%) lived in rental housing units.

During 2009–2013, Hawthorne had a median household income of $44,649, with 19.2% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[12]

2000

As of the census[23] of 2000, there were 84,112 people, 28,536 households, and 19,775 families residing in the city. The population density was 13,879.4 inhabitants per square mile (5,359.0/km²). There were 29,629 housing units at an average density of 4,889.1 per square mile (1,887.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 29.27% White, 39.02% Black or African American, 0.75% Native American, 7.73% Asian, 0.86% Pacific Islander, 24.16% from other races, and 5.22% from two or more races. 44.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 28,536 households, out of which 43.7% included children under the age of 18, 38.6% were married couples living together, 23.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.7% were non-families. Of all households 24.5% were made up of individuals and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.93 and the average family size was 3.50.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 31.7% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 34.9% from 25 to 44, 16.1% from 45 to 64, and 6.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,887, and the median income for a family was $35,149. Males had a median income of $29,481 versus $27,427 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,022. About 18.4% of families and 20.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.6% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Municipal government

According to the city’s most recent[when?] "Comprehensive Annual Financial Report," its various funds had $126.1 million in revenues, $113.2 million in expenditures, $220.2 million in total assets, $152.7 million in total liabilities, and $29.6 million in cash and investments.[24] The structure of the management and coordination of city services is:[25]

Title Incumbent
Interim City Manager[7] Arnie Shadbehr
Airport Director Arnie Shadbehr
Chief of Police Robert Fager
Building & Safety Director Ray Shun
Human Resources Director David C. Roberts, Jr.
Engineering/Public Works Director Arnie Shadbehr
Housing Director Hamid Pournamdari
Director of Planning[26] VACANT
Recreation & Community Services Director Mark Hardison

State and federal representation

In the California State Legislature, Hawthorne is in the 35th Senate District, represented by Democrat Steven Bradford, and in the 62nd Assembly District, represented by Democrat Anthony Rendon.[27]

In the United States House of Representatives, Hawthorne is in California's 43rd congressional district, represented by Democrat Maxine Waters.[28]

Infrastructure

The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Curtis Tucker Health Center in Inglewood, serving Hawthorne.[29]

The United States Postal Service Hawthorne Post Office is located at 12700 Inglewood Avenue.[30]

Education

Primary and secondary schools

Centinela Valley Union High School District
Hawthorne School District
Wiseburn School District
  • Juan Cabrillo Elementary School (Kindergarten-2nd grade)
  • Peter Burnett Elementary School (3rd-5th grade)
  • Richard Henry Dana Middle School (6th-8th grade)
Lawndale Elementary School District
  • Franklin D. Roosevelt-Kit Carson Elementary School (Hawthorne)
  • Will Rogers Middle School (Lawndale)
Lennox School District
Los Angeles Unified School District

Private schools

  • Saint Joseph's Parish School (Catholic)

In addition Los Angeles County Office of Education operates Southwest Day (5th-12th grade).

Hawthorne Math and Science Academy is a charter high school in Hawthorne associated with the Hawthorne School District.[31]

Colleges and universities

Los Angeles Community College District

Media

The Hawthorne Press Tribune is the community newspaper for the City of Hawthorne.[32]

Economy

P-61s being built by Northrop Corp. during World War II in Hawthorne[33]

The following businesses are located in Hawthorne:

Northrop Corporation, founded in 1939 and headquartered in Hawthorne, became a major manufacturer of aircraft during World War II, as well as a major subcontractor to other aircraft companies. Jack Northrop developed his famous flying wings, which ultimately led to the B-2 stealth bomber. Northrop also produced the P-61 Black Widow fighter in its Hawthorne plant, which was on the south side of Northrop Field (present-day Hawthorne Airport). The facility is still in use as an aircraft plant, producing fuselage sections for Boeing 747s and 787s.[34]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ "California Cities by Incorporation Date" (Word). California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
  2. ^ "City of Hawthorne, CA – Mayor". Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  3. ^ "City of Hawthorne, CA – Mayor Pro-Tem". Retrieved January 18, 2007.
  4. ^ "Council Member Alex Vargas". Retrieved February 27, 2015.
  5. ^ "Council Member Nilo Michelin". Retrieved February 27, 2015.
  6. ^ "City of Hawthorne, CA – Councilmember". Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  7. ^ a b "City of Hawthorne, CA – City Manager". Retrieved June 1, 2015.
  8. ^ "City of Hawthorne, CA - City Treasurer". Retrieved January 13, 2015.
  9. ^ "City of Hawthorne, CA – City Clerk". Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  10. ^ "2010 Census U.S. Gazetteer Files – Places – California". United States Census Bureau.
  11. ^ "Hawthorne". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved October 11, 2014.
  12. ^ a b c d "Hawthorne (city) QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
  13. ^ "USPS – ZIP Code Lookup – Find a ZIP+ 4 Code By City Results". Retrieved January 18, 2007.
  14. ^ "Number Administration System – NPA and City/Town Search Results". Retrieved January 18, 2007.
  15. ^ "City of Hawthorne, CA – Police Chief". Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  16. ^ Dixon, Walt; Roberts, Jerry (2005). Hawthorne. Arcadia. p. 10.
  17. ^ Wexler, Laura (October 23, 2005). "Book Review: Darkness on the Edge of Town (A review of SUNDOWN TOWNS: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism by James W. Loewen)". The Washington Post. p. BW03. Retrieved January 2016. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  18. ^ "Google Maps". Maps.google.com. January 1, 1970. Retrieved June 25, 2012.
  19. ^ "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Los Angeles, California, United States of America". Weatherbase.com. Retrieved January 8, 2009.
  20. ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  21. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  22. ^ "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - Hawthorne city". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
  23. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  24. ^ City of Hawthorne CAFR. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
  25. ^ City of Hawthorne City Directory. Retrieved 2009-08-18. Archived February 21, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ "Planning Home". Hawthorne, California. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
  27. ^ "Statewide Database". UC Regents. Retrieved October 14, 2014.
  28. ^ "California's 43rd Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
  29. ^ "Curtis Tucker Health Center." Los Angeles County Department of Health Services. Retrieved on March 18, 2010.
  30. ^ "Post Office Location – HAWTHORNE." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on December 6, 2008.
  31. ^ Hawthorne.k12.ca.us Archived October 21, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  32. ^ Hawthorne Press Tribune. Herald Publications. Retrieved on 2013-08-18.
  33. ^ Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, p. 94, Cypress, CA 2013. ISBN 978-0-9897906-0-4.
  34. ^ Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, pp. 93-106, Cypress, CA, 2013. ISBN 978-0-9897906-0-4.
  35. ^ Statistics. "Curtis Conway – No. 81 – WR – Southern California – Profile". Newyorkjets.com. Archived from the original on December 3, 2008. Retrieved June 25, 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  36. ^ “”. "YouTube – Hawthorne vs. Leuzinger (11/4/1988)". Ca.youtube.com. Retrieved June 25, 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  37. ^ Jason Simmons News, Stats, Photos | Houston Texans. Sbnation.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-18.
  38. ^ Fred Dryer - IMDb
  39. ^ "Ted Gioia bio". www.tedgioia.com. Retrieved May 1, 2016.
  40. ^ "Classmate Information". cougartown.com. Retrieved May 1, 2016.
  41. ^ "Olivia Harrison". Oocities.com. Archived from the original on October 27, 2009. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  42. ^ "HHS Class of 1975". Dondt.20megsfree.com. March 6, 2005. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  43. ^ MTV, Kurupt.
  44. ^ "MICHAEL A. McDERMOTT". HOUSE OF DELEGATES FORMER DELEGATES. Maryland State Archives. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
  45. ^ "REDD KROSS op MySpace Music – Gratis gestreamde MP3's, foto's en Videoclips". Myspace.com. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  46. ^ "Redd Kross (Red Cross)". TrouserPress.com. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  47. ^ "Tour Location: 459 E Rhode Island Street, Hawthorne, California". The Movieland Directory. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  48. ^ "Marilyn Monroe: Encyclopedia II – Marilyn Monroe – Early life". Experiencefestival.com. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  49. ^ "Welcome to the Official Chris Montez website". Chrismontez.com. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  50. ^ Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, p. 93, Cypress, CA, 2013. ISBN 978-0-9897906-0-4.
  51. ^ a b "The History of Hawthorne". Broowaha. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  52. ^ "Video". CNN. January 12, 1987. Retrieved May 4, 2010.
  53. ^ "City of Hawthorne, CA – Thorpe". Cityofhawthorne.com. December 29, 2000. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  54. ^ "City of Hawthorne, CA – Jim Thorpe". Cityofhawthorne.com. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  55. ^ Fox Sports. Msn.foxsports.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-18.
  56. ^ UCLABruins.com
  57. ^ "City of Hawthorne, CA – Beach Boys". Cityofhawthorne.com. December 29, 2000. Retrieved June 25, 2010.
  58. ^ Selvin, Joel (May 31, 2005). "For the Beach Boys, fun, fun, fun began in humble Hawthorne". SF Gate. Retrieved October 17, 2016.

Further reading

  • Dixon, Walt, and Jerry Roberts (2005). Hawthorne. Images of America. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 9780738529714. OCLC 61163282.
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