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In 2011, he was selected to deliver the [[Republican response to the State of the Union address]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/thefix/afternoon-fix/afternoon-fix-paul-ryan-to-del.html | newspaper=The Washington Post | title=Afternoon Fix: Paul Ryan to deliver State of the Union response; Evan Bayh joins private equity firm |date=January 21, 2011 |first=Chris |last=Cillizza}}</ref> In 2012, he accused the nation's top military leaders of using "[[smoke and mirrors]]" to remain under budget limits passed by Congress.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/congress/gop-lawmakers-appeal-to-obama-to-negotiate-with-congress-to-avert-defense-cuts/2012/03/29/gIQAs0JBjS_story.html "Budget chairman questions whether generals truthful on defense budget."]{{dead link|date=August 2012}} ''AP''. March 29, 2012.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Key congressman questions generals' testimony |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=http://security.blogs.cnn.com/2012/03/29/key-congressman-questions-generals-testimony/ | first=Larry | last=Shaughnessy |date=March 29, 2012}}</ref> Ryan later said that he misspoke on the issue and called General [[Martin Dempsey]], the [[Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff]], to apologize for his comments.<ref>Killough, Ashley. [http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2012/04/01/rep-paul-ryan-i-really-misspoke/ "Rep. Paul Ryan: 'I really misspoke'."] CNN. April 1, 2012.</ref>
In 2011, he was selected to deliver the [[Republican response to the State of the Union address]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/thefix/afternoon-fix/afternoon-fix-paul-ryan-to-del.html | newspaper=The Washington Post | title=Afternoon Fix: Paul Ryan to deliver State of the Union response; Evan Bayh joins private equity firm |date=January 21, 2011 |first=Chris |last=Cillizza}}</ref> In 2012, he accused the nation's top military leaders of using "[[smoke and mirrors]]" to remain under budget limits passed by Congress.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/congress/gop-lawmakers-appeal-to-obama-to-negotiate-with-congress-to-avert-defense-cuts/2012/03/29/gIQAs0JBjS_story.html "Budget chairman questions whether generals truthful on defense budget."]{{dead link|date=August 2012}} ''AP''. March 29, 2012.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Key congressman questions generals' testimony |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=http://security.blogs.cnn.com/2012/03/29/key-congressman-questions-generals-testimony/ | first=Larry | last=Shaughnessy |date=March 29, 2012}}</ref> Ryan later said that he misspoke on the issue and called General [[Martin Dempsey]], the [[Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff]], to apologize for his comments.<ref>Killough, Ashley. [http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2012/04/01/rep-paul-ryan-i-really-misspoke/ "Rep. Paul Ryan: 'I really misspoke'."] CNN. April 1, 2012.</ref>


During his 13 years in the House, Ryan has sponsored some 71 [[Bill (proposed law)|bills]] or amendments,<ref>Dylan Matthews, [http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/ezra-klein/wp/2012/08/11/paul-ryans-non-budget-policy-record-in-one-post/ Paul Ryan's non-budget policy record, in one post] (August 11, 2012). ''The Washington Post''.</ref> of which two were ultimately enacted into law.<ref name=WashPost>David A. Fahrenthold, [http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/paul-ryan-republican-vice-presidential-candidate-has-a-complicated-record-with-little-compromise/2012/08/13/eb6f7378-e57c-11e1-8741-940e3f6dbf48_story.html Paul Ryan, Republican vice presidential candidate, has a complicated record with little compromise] (August 13, 2012). ''The Washington Post''.</ref> One, passed in July 2000, renamed a [[post office]] in Ryan's district; the other, passed in December 2008, lowered the [[excise tax]] on [[arrow]] shafts.<ref>Alex Seitz-Wald, [http://www.salon.com/2012/08/13/romney_owns_ryan_medicare_plan/ Romney owns the Ryan plan] (August 13, 2012). ''Salon''.</ref><ref>Jennifer Bendery, [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/12/paul-ryan-bills_n_1769816.html?utm_hp_ref=mostpopular Paul Ryan Only Passed 2 Bills Into Law In More Than A Decade] (August 12, 2012). ''Huffington Post''.</ref> Ryan has also co-sponsored 975 bills, 22% of which were sponsored by Democrats.<ref name=WashPost/>
During his 13 years in the House, Ryan has sponsored some 71 [[Bill (proposed law)|bills]] or amendments,<ref>Dylan Matthews, [http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/ezra-klein/wp/2012/08/11/paul-ryans-non-budget-policy-record-in-one-post/ Paul Ryan's non-budget policy record, in one post] (August 11, 2012). ''The Washington Post''.</ref> of which two were ultimately enacted into law.<ref name=WashPost>David A. Fahrenthold, [http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/paul-ryan-republican-vice-presidential-candidate-has-a-complicated-record-with-little-compromise/2012/08/13/eb6f7378-e57c-11e1-8741-940e3f6dbf48_story.html Paul Ryan, Republican vice presidential candidate, has a complicated record with little compromise] (August 13, 2012). ''The Washington Post''.</ref> One, passed in July 2000, renamed a [[post office]] in Ryan's district; the other, passed in December 2008, lowered the [[excise tax]] on [[arrow]] shafts.<ref>Alex Seitz-Wald, [http://www.salon.com/2012/08/13/romney_owns_ryan_medicare_plan/ Romney owns the Ryan plan] (August 13, 2012). ''Salon''.</ref><ref>Jennifer Bendery, [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/12/paul-ryan-bills_n_1769816.html?utm_hp_ref=mostpopular Paul Ryan Only Passed 2 Bills Into Law In More Than A Decade] (August 12, 2012). ''Huffington Post''.</ref>


===Committee assignments===
===Committee assignments===

Revision as of 16:45, 16 August 2012

For other people named Paul Ryan, see Paul Ryan (disambiguation).
Paul Ryan
A portrait photograph of Paul Ryan
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Wisconsin's 1st district
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 1999
Preceded byMark Neumann
Chairman of the House Budget Committee
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 2011
Preceded byJohn Spratt
Personal details
Born
Paul Davis Ryan

(1970-01-29) January 29, 1970 (age 54)
Janesville, Wisconsin, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
SpouseJanna Little
ChildrenElizabeth
Charles
Samuel
Alma materMiami University (B.A.)
WebsiteCongressional website
This article is part of a series
about
Paul Ryan
Vice presidential campaigns

Paul Davis Ryan (born January 29, 1970) is an American politician and since 1999, the U.S. Representative for Wisconsin's 1st congressional district. On August 11, 2012, Mitt Romney chose Ryan to be his running mate,[1][2] making him the presumptive nominee of the Republican Party for Vice President of the United States in the 2012 election.[3][4]

Born and raised in Janesville, Wisconsin, Ryan earned a B.A. degree from Miami University in Ohio. Following his studies, he worked as an aide to United States Senator Bob Kasten of Wisconsin, as legislative director for Senator Sam Brownback of Kansas, and as a speechwriter for former U.S. Representative and 1996 Republican vice presidential nominee Jack Kemp of New York. In 1998, Ryan won election to the United States House of Representatives, succeeding Republican Mark Neumann. He is now in his seventh term.

As chair of the House Budget Committee, Ryan has focused on fiscal policy and has proposed privatizing Social Security, replacing Medicare with a voucher program for those now under 55, and turning Medicaid and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (Food Stamp Program) into block grants to the states.[5][6] Ryan introduced these plans in The Path to Prosperity, in April 2011 and in an updated version The Path to Prosperity: A Blueprint for American Renewal in March 2012.[7]

Early life and education

Ryan was born and raised in Janesville, Wisconsin, the youngest of four children of Elizabeth A. "Betty" (née Hutter) and Paul Murray Ryan, a lawyer.[8][9][10] He is a fifth generation Wisconsinite.[8][11] His father was of Irish ancestry and his mother is of German and some English descent.[12] His great-grandfather, Patrick William Ryan (1858–1917), founded the Ryan Incorporated Central construction business in 1884.[13][14][15] Ryan's grandfather was appointed U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Wisconsin by President Calvin Coolidge.[16]

While growing up, Ryan and his family often went on hiking and skiing trips in the Colorado Rocky Mountains.[9][16] Ryan attended St. Mary's Catholic School in Janesville where he also played on the seventh-grade basketball team.[17] Since Ryan shares his first name with his father, he was given the nickname, "P.D." (for Paul Davis), but it was often mistaken for "Petey," a name which Ryan disliked.[18] His father died of a heart attack in bed where Ryan found him at the age of 16. According to Ryan, his father, grandfather and great-grandfather all died from heart attacks at ages 55, 57, and 59 respectively, inspiring his later interest in health and exercise.[16] After his father's death, Ryan's grandmother, who suffered from Alzheimer's disease, moved in with his family and he helped care for her.[6] His father's death provided Ryan with Social Security benefits until his 18th birthday, which he saved to pay for his education at Miami University of Ohio.[18][19][20]

As a junior at Joseph A. Craig High School in Janesville, Ryan was elected class president, which made him prom king and gave him his first political position, a seat on the school board representing his high school.[6] He competed in track, was on his high school's ski and varsity soccer teams and played basketball in a Catholic recreational league,[21][22][23] as well as being a member of several academic and social clubs and the Model United Nations.[21][6] After his sophomore year he worked the grill at McDonald's.[6]

Ryan majored in economics and political science at Miami University, in Oxford, Ohio,[24] where he became interested in the writings of Friedrich Hayek, Ludwig von Mises, and Milton Friedman.[6] He often visited the office of professor Richard Hart to discuss the ideas of economists such as Friedman and Hayek, and the writings of Ayn Rand.[25] Hart was a libertarian who introduced Ryan to the National Review.[6] Ryan also studied at the Washington Semester program at American University, where he played pick-up basketball games with NBC journalist David Gregory.[26] He worked summers as a salesman for Oscar Mayer, even driving the Wienermobile once.[16][27][25] During his junior year at Miami University, Ryan worked as an intern in the D.C. offices of Senator Bob Kasten of Wisconsin,[28] a job he landed with Hart's recommendation.[6] While a student, Ryan also did volunteer work for the congressional campaign of John Boehner.[25] He was a member of the College Republicans,[29] and the Delta Tau Delta social fraternity.[25] Ryan was awarded his B.A. in 1992 with a double major in economics and political science.[24]

Early political career

Betty Ryan reportedly urged her son to accept a congressional position as a staff economist attached to Kasten's office, which he did after graduating in 1992.[28][30] In his early years working on Capitol Hill, Ryan supplemented his income by working as a waiter, as a fitness trainer and at various other side jobs.[16][27]

A few months after Kasten was defeated by Democrat Russ Feingold in the 1992 election, Ryan became a speechwriter for Empower America (now FreedomWorks), a conservative advocacy group founded by Jack Kemp, Jeane Kirkpatrick, and William Bennett.[16][31][32] Ryan later worked as a speechwriter for Kemp, the Republican vice presidential candidate in the 1996 United States presidential election. Kemp became Ryan's mentor, and Ryan cites him as a "huge influence."[31][33] Ryan later worked for U.S. Senator Sam Brownback of Kansas before returned to Wisconsin in 1997, where he worked for a year as a marketing consultant for Ryan Incorporated Central, his relatives' construction company.[6][16][34][31]

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

Ryan was first elected to the House in 1998, when two-term incumbent Mark Neumann retired from his seat in order to make a bid (unsuccessful) for the U.S. Senate. Ryan won the Republican primary over 29-year-old pianist Michael J. Logan of Twin Lakes and the general election against Democratic opponent Lydia Spottswood.[35] He became the second-youngest member of the House.[6]

Ryan successfully defended his seat against Democratic challenger Jeffrey C. Thomas in 2000, 2002, 2004, and 2006.[36] In 2002, Ryan had also faced Libertarian candidate George Meyers. Ryan defeated Democratic nominee Marge Krupp in the 2008 general election in his district.[36]

Ryan defeated Democratic nominee John Heckenlively and the Libertarian nominee Joseph Kexel in the 2010 general election in his district.

Ryan had planned to face Rob Zerban (D) and Keith Deschler (Libertarian) in the 2012 Congressional elections. The primary contest is scheduled for August 14; Ryan is the only candidate seeking the Republican Party nomination.[37] Under Wisconsin election law, Ryan is allowed to run concurrently for vice president as he competes for his eighth term in Congress.[38] Ryan has over $5.4 million in his Congressional campaign account, more than any other House member.[39][40]

Tenure

Early in Ryan's congressional career, he held office hours in some remote parts of his district in an old truck converted into a mobile office.[18]

In 2011, he was selected to deliver the Republican response to the State of the Union address.[41] In 2012, he accused the nation's top military leaders of using "smoke and mirrors" to remain under budget limits passed by Congress.[42][43] Ryan later said that he misspoke on the issue and called General Martin Dempsey, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, to apologize for his comments.[44]

During his 13 years in the House, Ryan has sponsored some 71 bills or amendments,[45] of which two were ultimately enacted into law.[46] One, passed in July 2000, renamed a post office in Ryan's district; the other, passed in December 2008, lowered the excise tax on arrow shafts.[47][48]

Committee assignments

Caucus memberships

Voting record and political positions

Ryan has sided with a majority of his party in 93% of House votes in which he has participated, and sided with the majority vote of all House votes 95% of the time with the 111th Congress.[50]

The 2011 National Journal Vote Ratings, which rate members of Congress by voting record, rated Paul Ryan 68.2 on the conservative scale, being more conservative than 68% of the full House, and ranked as the 150th most conservative member based on roll-call votes.[51]

Philosophy

At a Washington, D.C. gathering celebrating what would have been Ayn Rand's 100th birthday, Ryan credited Rand as inspiring him to get involved in public service, stating that "The reason I got involved in public service, by and large, if I had to credit one thinker, one person, it would be Ayn Rand,"[52] In a 2005 speech at the Atlas Society, he said he grew up reading Rand, and that her books taught him about his value system and beliefs.[53][54] Ryan tried to get all of the congressional interns in his office to read Rand's writing. He also gave copies of her novel Atlas Shrugged to his staff as Christmas presents, he told the Weekly Standard in 2003.[55][56]

In 2009, Ryan said "What's unique about what's happening today in government, in the world, in America, is that it's as if we're living in an Ayn Rand novel right now. I think Ayn Rand did the best job of anybody to build a moral case of capitalism, and that morality of capitalism is under assault."[57]

In April 2012, responding to criticism from Catholic leaders over his budget and Medicare proposals, Ryan rejected Rand's philosophy as an atheistic one, as it "reduces human interactions down to mere contracts."[58] He also called the reports of his adherence to Rand's views to be an "urban legend" and stated that he was deeply influenced by his Roman Catholic faith and by Thomas Aquinas.[59]

Yaron Brook, president of the Ayn Rand Institute, says Ryan is not a Rand disciple, and that some of his proposals do not follow Rand's philosophy of limited government; Brook refers to Ryan as a "fiscal moderate."[60]

Fiscal, education, and health care policy

Paul Ryan is often considered a "policy wonk" and generally considered to be a "budget specialist, he has a mastery of facts and figures at his fingertips."[61] However, "though best known as an architect of conservative fiscal policy,"[62] Ryan has also been described as a "big-spending conservative."[63] He voted for the two Bush tax cuts (in 2001 and 2003), the 2003 bill that created the Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit,[64] the Troubled Asset Relief Program, and the 2008 $700 billion bank bailout.[65][66] Ryan was one of 23 Republicans in Congress to vote for the auto industry bailout.[67][68][69] Ryan also voted against the Bowles-Simpson deficit reduction plan. A number of commentators have criticized Ryan's votes for these deficit-causing policies during the George W. Bush administration as inconsistent with fiscal conservatism.[70][71][72][73]

President Obama initially saw Ryan as "someone he could possibly work with to reverse the building federal debt."[74] Speaking of Ryan's budget proposal, President Obama called it a "serious proposal" and found both points of agreement and disagreement, saying "some ideas in there that I would agree with, but there are some ideas that we should have a healthy debate about because I don’t agree with them."[75] However, in 2011 President Obama criticized Ryan as being "not on the level" for describing himself as a fiscal conservative while voting for these policies, as well as two "unpaid for" wars.[76]

In 1999, Ryan voted in favor of the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act, which repealed certain provisions of the Depression-era Glass–Steagall Act that regulated banking.[77] Ryan sponsored a 2008 bill that would repeal the requirement that the Federal Reserve System reduce unemployment.[78]

Ryan voted against the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009[79][80]. Ryan also voted against the Credit Cardholders' Bill of Rights Act of 2009,[81] and the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, which Ryan characterized as "class warfare."[82]

Ryan voted against the 2010 health care reform act supported by President Obama and Congressional Democrats) in 2010,[83] and to repeal it in 2012.[84][85]

In 2004 and 2005, Ryan pushed the Bush administration to propose the privatization of Social Security. Ryan's proposal ultimately failed when it did not gain the support of the then-Republican presidential administration. [6]

Paul Ryan believes that improved education comes through more effective utilization of resources rather than increased outlays, stating that it is important to "allocate our limited financial resources effectively and efficiently to improve education."[86] Rick Hess of the American Enterprise Institute notes that on "'education, training, employment, and social services,' the Ryan budget would spend 33% less" than Obama's budget plan over the next decade.[87] In particular, the Ryan plan would lower the income level qualification from $33,000 to $23,000 for the Pell Grant program. According to an analysis by the Education Trust, this would over the next 10 years result in more than 1 million students losing Pell grants. Additionally, under Ryan's plan, student loans would begin to accrue interest while students are still in school.[88][89]

Ryan has consistently supported giving the president line-item veto power.[90]

2008 Budget proposal

Main article: The Path to Prosperity
Ryan speaking at the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) in Washington, D.C. on February 10, 2011.

On May 21, 2008, Ryan introduced H.R. 6110, The Path to Prosperity: Roadmap for America's Future Act of 2008, commonly referred to as The Ryan Budget.[91] This proposed legislation outlined changes to entitlement spending, including a controversial proposal to replace Medicare with a voucher program for seniors.[6][92][93] The Roadmap found only eight sponsors and did not move past committee.[6][94]

On April 1, 2009, Ryan introduced his alternative to the 2010 United States federal budget. This alternative budget would have eliminated the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, lowered the top tax rate to 25%, introduced an 8.5% value-added consumption tax, and imposed a five-year spending freeze on all discretionary spending.[95] It would have also phased out Medicare's traditional fee-for-service model, instead offering fixed sums in the form of vouchers for Medicare beneficiaries with which to buy private insurance, starting in 2021.[96] The federal government would no longer pay for Medicare benefits for persons born after 1958.[96] The plan attracted criticism since the voucher payments would not be set to increase as medical costs increase, leaving beneficiaries partially uninsured.[96] Ryan's proposed budget would also have allowed taxpayers to opt out of the federal income taxation system with itemized deductions, and instead pay a flat 10 percent of adjusted gross income up to $100,000 and 25 percent on any remaining income.[97] Ryan's proposed budget was criticized by opponents for the lack of concrete numbers.[98] It was ultimately rejected in the House by a vote of 293–137, with 38 Republicans in opposition.[99]

On January 27, 2010, Ryan released a modified version of his Roadmap, H.R. 4529: Roadmap for America's Future Act of 2010.[100][101] The modified plan would provide across-the-board tax cuts by reducing income tax rates; eliminate income taxes on capital gains, dividends, and interest; and abolish the corporate income tax, estate tax, and Alternative Minimum Tax. The plan would privatize a portion of Social Security,[102][103] eliminate the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored health insurance,[103] and privatize Medicare.[102][103]

In 2010, citing data from the Tax Policy Center, economist and columnist Paul Krugman criticized Ryan's contention that his plan would reduce the deficit, opining that this contention is due to the "effects of his proposed spending cuts — period. It didn't address the revenue losses from his tax cuts."[104] Krugman further called the proposed spending cuts a "sham" because they depended on making a severe cut in domestic discretionary spending without specifying the programs to be cut, and on "dismantling Medicare as we know it," which is politically unrealistic.[104] In contrast, columnist Ramesh Ponnuru, writing in the National Review, argued that Ryan's plan would lead to less debt than current budgets, according to CBO projections.[105] Economist Ted Gayer wrote that "Ryan's vision of broad-based tax reform, which essentially would shift us toward a consumption tax... makes a useful contribution to this debate."[106]

On April 11, 2011, Ryan introduced H.Con.Res. 34, a federal budget for the fiscal year 2012.[107] The House passed this Ryan Plan on April 15, 2011, by a vote of 235–193. Four Republicans joined all House Democrats in voting against it.[108] A month later, the bill was defeated in the Senate by a vote of 57–40, with five Republicans and most Democrats in opposition.[109]

Rick Foster, the chief actuary of Medicare, stated that he was "less confident" in President Obama's plan to reduce healthcare costs as opposed to Ryan's "roadmap".[110][105][111]

2012 Budget proposal

Ryan with President Obama during a bipartisan meeting on health insurance reform, February 25, 2010.

On March 23, 2012 Ryan introduced a new version of his federal budget for the fiscal year 2013.[112] On March 29, 2012, the House of Representatives passed the resolution along partisan lines, 228 yeas to 191 nays; ten Republicans voted against the bill, along with all the House Democrats.[113] Ryan's budget seeks to reduce all discretionary spending in the budget from 12.5% of GDP in 2011 to 3.75% of GDP in 2050.[114]

An analysis by the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office showed that the Ryan plan would not balance the budget for at least 28 years, partly because the changes in Medicare would not affect anyone now older than 55.[115] Former U.S. Comptroller General David Walker and Maya MacGuineas, president of the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget, praised the budget for making tough choices. Walker believes it needs to go even further, tackling Social Security and defense spending.[116] In contrast, David Stockman, Director of the Office of Management and Budget under President Ronald Reagan, has declared that Ryan's budget "is devoid of credible math or hard policy choices" and would "do nothing to reverse the nation's economic decline and arrest its fiscal collapse."[117] Ezra Klein also criticized the budget for making "unrealistic assumptions."[114] The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities was highly critical of Ryan's budget proposal, stating that it would shift income to the wealthy while increasing poverty and inequality.[118]

The 2012 Ryan budget was criticized by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops for failing to protect the poor and vulnerable.[119] Faculty and administrators of Georgetown University challenged Ryan's "continuing misuse of Catholic teaching to defend" his plan, [120][121] but Ryan rejected their criticism.[122]

Ryan's budget "envisions continued increases in Pentagon spending" and "significant cuts to the much smaller appropriations for the State Department and foreign aid," with diplomacy and development spending being reduced sharply.[123]

Social issues

Ryan describes himself as "as pro-life as a person gets"[124] and has been described as an "ardent, unwavering foe of abortion rights."[62] The National Right to Life Committee has given Ryan a "100 percent pro-life voting record" since he entered the House in 1999; NARAL Pro-Choice America has noted that Ryan has "cast 59 votes on reproductive rights while in Congress and not one has been pro-choice."[125] During Ryan's 1998 campaign for Congress, he "expressed his willingness to let states criminally prosecute women who have abortions," telling the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel at the time that he "would let states decide what criminal penalties would be attached to abortions," and while not stating that he supports jailing women who have an abortion, stated: "if it's illegal, it's illegal."[126] He believes that a woman should not be allowed to end a pregnancy even if it resulted from rape or incest.[126] Ryan voted to cut off federal funding for Planned Parenthood and Title X family planning program (preventive health grants to poor and uninsured families)[62]. He cosponsored the Sanctity of Life Act, which would provide that fertilized eggs "shall have all the legal and constitutional attributes and privileges of personhood" and would have given "the Congress, each State, the District of Columbia, and all United States territories [have] the authority to protect the lives of all human beings residing in its respective jurisdictions."[127] This could lead to laws that would "criminalize all abortion, as well as in vitro fertilization and some forms of birth control."[128][129] Ryan has also supported legislation that would impose criminal penalties for certain doctors who perform "partial-birth abortions."[62]

The congressman opposes same-sex marriage, supports a constitutional ban on same-sex marriage, opposed the repeal of the don't ask, don't tell policy, opposes allowing same-sex couples to adopt, and voted against the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act.[130][131] Ryan voted in favor of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act in 2007.[130] The Human Rights Campaign, a GLBT rights organization, has consistently given Ryan a 0/100 rating on its legislative scorecard.[132]

Ryan has "championed the rights of gun owners"[62] and has been described as "very, very pro-gun."[133] He voted against a bill for stronger background check requirements for purchases at gun shows and supports federal concealed-carry reciprocity legislation, which would allow a person with a permit to carry a concealed firearm in one state to carry a firearm in every other state, a top National Rifle Association (NRA) priority.[133] Ryan, who owns a rifle and a shotgun, is an NRA member and has received an "A" rating from the NRA's Institute for Legislative Action and has been endorsed by the organization "every cycle he's been in Congress."[134]

Ryan favors a constitutional amendment to ban flag-burning and voted to withdraw federal funding of NPR.[130] He voted against the DREAM Act, a bill that would provide conditional permanent residency to illegal immigrants who were brought to the United States as children if they attend college or serve in the military, are of good moral character, and meet other criteria.[135]

Foreign and military policy

Ryan voted in 2001 and 2004 to end the embargo on Cuba,[136][137][138][139] but later reversed his positions, and since 2007 has voted against easing the embargo.[139] In 2008 Ryan told the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, "If we're going to have free trade with China, why not Cuba?"[138]

Ryan was a "reliable supporter of the [George W. Bush] administration's foreign policy priorities" who voted for the 2002 Iraq Resolution, authorizing President George W. Bush to use military force in Iraq.[140] Ryan also voted for the 2007 troop surge in Iraq.[140] In May 2012, Ryan voted for H.R. 4310 which would increase defense spending, including spending for the Afghanistan War and for various weapon systems, to the level of $642 billion – $8 billion more than previous spending levels.[141]

In 2009, Ryan termed the Obama administrations' "reset" of relations with Russia as "appeasement."[123] Daniel Larison of the The American Conservative wrote that Ryan "seems to conceive of U.S. power abroad mostly in terms of military strength" and "truly is a product of the era of George W. Bush."[123]

2012 vice presidential campaign

See also: Mitt Romney presidential campaign, 2012
Mitt Romney with Paul Ryan after introducing him as his running mate, for the 2012 presidential election, in Norfolk, Virginia on August 11, 2012.

On August 11, 2012 the Romney campaign officially announced Ryan as its choice for Vice President through its "Mitt's VP" mobile app[142] as well as by the social networking service Twitter,[143] about 90 minutes before Romney's in-person introduction. Before the official announcement in Norfolk, it was reported that Romney had decided to choose Ryan on August 1, 2012, the day after returning from his foreign trip through the United Kingdom, Poland and Israel.[144] A week later, The Wall Street Journal published an editorial in favor of Romney choosing Ryan.[145] On August 11, 2012, Ryan formally accepted Romney's invitation to join his campaign as his running mate, in front of the USS Wisconsin in Norfolk, Virginia.[142] Ryan is the major parties' first-ever vice-presidential candidate from Wisconsin.[146]

A subsequent USA Today/Gallup poll found that 39% thought Ryan was an "excellent" or "pretty good" vice presidential choice, compared to 42% who felt it was a "fair" or "poor" choice, the least positive response to a vice-presidential pick since Dan Quayle was chosen in 1988.[147]

According to a statistical-historical analysis conducted by Nate Silver, "Ryan is the most conservative Republican member of Congress to be picked for the vice-presidential slot since at least 1900" and "is also more conservative than any Democratic nominee [for vice president who previously served in the Congress] was liberal, meaning that he is the furthest from the center" of any vice presidential candidate chosen from Congress since the turn of the 20th century.[148] This analysis, using the DW-NOMINATE statistical system,[148] has been described as "one of the more statistically rigorous approaches to Ryan's congressional voting record."[149] Political scientist Eric Schickler commented that while Ryan "may well be the most conservative vice presidential nominee in decades," the NOMINATE methodology "is not suited to making claims about the relative liberalism or conservatism of politicians" over a long time span.[149]

Personal life

Ryan married Janna Little, a tax attorney,[18] in December 2000.[8] An Oklahoma native, Little is a graduate of Wellesley College and George Washington University Law School, and a cousin of Representative Dan Boren of Oklahoma, a Democrat.[18] The outdoorsman Ryan proposed to her at a favorite fishing spot, Big St. Germain Lake in northern Wisconsin.[18] The Ryans live in a six-bedroom, seven-bathroom, two and a half story, Georgian revival style brick home in the Courthouse Hill historic district of Janesville, Wisconsin.[21] They have three children: Elizabeth Anne, Charles Wilson, and Samuel Lowery.[150]

Ryan, a fitness enthusiast, promotes fitness as a daily routine for young people. He has said he is careful about what he eats, performs an intense cross-training routine known as P90X most mornings, and has made close to 40 climbs of Colorado's Fourteeners (14,000-foot peaks).[16] Ryan is a hunter and fisherman who makes his own bratwurst and Polish sausage.[10] A bowhunter, he is a member of the Janesville Bowmen, an archery association.[18] Ryan is a fan of the Green Bay Packers.[151] His musical preferences include Beethoven, Rage Against the Machine and Led Zeppelin.[152][153] A Roman Catholic, Ryan is a member of St. John Vianney Catholic Church in Janesville.[154]

Awards and honors

Electoral history

See also: Electoral history of Paul Ryan
Year Office District Democrat Republican Other
1998 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Lydia Spottswood 43% Paul Ryan 57%
2000 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Jeffrey Thomas 33% Paul Ryan 67%
2002 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Jeffrey Thomas 31% Paul Ryan 67% George Meyers (L) 2%
2004 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Jeffrey Thomas 33% Paul Ryan 65%
2006 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Jeffrey Thomas 37% Paul Ryan 63%
2008 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Marge Krupp 35% Paul Ryan 64% Joseph Kexel (L) 1%
2010 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District John Heckenlively 30% Paul Ryan 68% Joseph Kexel (L) 2%

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to
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  • Health Care Reform: The Long-Term Perspective at Cato Institute, June 2009
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