2012 United States presidential election: Difference between revisions
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As specified in the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]], the 2012 presidential election will coincide with the [[United States Senate elections, 2012|United States Senate election]]s where one-third of the Senators will face re-election (33 Class I seats), and the [[United States House of Representatives elections, 2012|United States House of Representatives elections]] (which occurs biennially) to elect the members for the [[113th United States Congress|113th Congress]]. [[United States gubernatorial elections, 2012|Eleven gubernatorial elections]] and many elections for [[state legislature (United States)|state legislatures]] will also take place at the same time. |
As specified in the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]], the 2012 presidential election will coincide with the [[United States Senate elections, 2012|United States Senate election]]s where one-third of the Senators will face re-election (33 Class I seats), and the [[United States House of Representatives elections, 2012|United States House of Representatives elections]] (which occurs biennially) to elect the members for the [[113th United States Congress|113th Congress]]. [[United States gubernatorial elections, 2012|Eleven gubernatorial elections]] and many elections for [[state legislature (United States)|state legislatures]] will also take place at the same time. |
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At about 11:30 PM EST on November 6, 2012, it was announced that President Barack Obama has been re-elected as President of the United States. As of 12:50 AM, he has 303 electoral votes, 100 more than Mitt Romney, and a popular vote of 233708 more than Romney. |
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==Electoral college changes== |
==Electoral college changes== |
Revision as of 05:59, 7 November 2012
![]() | This article documents an election. Information may change rapidly as the event progresses, and initial news reports may be unreliable. The latest updates to this article may not reflect the most current information. (November 2012) |
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Democratic Party | |
Republican Party | |
Minor parties | |
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The 2012 United States presidential election is currently being held on Tuesday, November 6, 2012. It is the 57th quadrennial presidential election in which presidential electors, who will officially elect the president and the vice president of the United States on December 17, 2012, will be chosen. The exceptions to this being a tie amongst the electoral votes or if no candidate receives the minimum number of electoral votes needed to win the election, in which case the United States House of Representatives will choose the President voting by states, and the United States Senate will choose the Vice President. Incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and Democratic Vice President Joe Biden are running for a second term during this election, the former being constitutionally limited to only two terms.[1] Their major challengers are the Republican Party nominee Former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Most major television networks have projected the winners are President Obama and Vice President Biden.[2]
Four other candidates were mathematically eligible to win the election by a majority of the electoral college: former New Mexico Governor Gary Johnson, the Libertarian nominee;[3] and Jill Stein, the Green Party nominee, have attained ballot access sufficient to qualify for enough electoral votes to mathematically win the presidency.[4] Virgil Goode, the Constitution Party nominee, and Rocky Anderson, the Justice Party nominee, have the combined ballot access and write-in status in enough states to reach 270 electoral votes, the minimum number needed to win the election.[5]
As specified in the Constitution, the 2012 presidential election will coincide with the United States Senate elections where one-third of the Senators will face re-election (33 Class I seats), and the United States House of Representatives elections (which occurs biennially) to elect the members for the 113th Congress. Eleven gubernatorial elections and many elections for state legislatures will also take place at the same time.
At about 11:30 PM EST on November 6, 2012, it was announced that President Barack Obama has been re-elected as President of the United States. As of 12:50 AM, he has 303 electoral votes, 100 more than Mitt Romney, and a popular vote of 233708 more than Romney.
Electoral college changes
The 2010 Census changed the Electoral College vote apportionment for the presidential elections from 2012 to 2020 in the states mapped and listed below.[6]
States won by Democrats
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States won by Republicans
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Remaining states
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Eight states (Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Nevada, South Carolina, Texas, Utah and Washington) gained votes, due to reapportionment based on the 2010 Census. Similarly ten states (Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio and Pennsylvania) lost votes.
In the political climate of 2011, this would give the Democratic Party a net loss of six electoral votes in states won by Al Gore, John Kerry and Barack Obama in the past three presidential elections, rendering the party a national total of 242. Conversely, the Republican Party will achieve a net gain of six electoral votes in states won by George W. Bush and John McCain in the past three presidential elections, rendering the Republican Party a national total of 180. Votes allocated to remaining states (i.e., those where the majority voted for both Democratic and Republican candidates during the last three presidential elections) remain unchanged from the national total of 115.
In 2011, several states enacted new laws that were attacked by the Democratic Party as attempts to improve the Republican Party's presidential prospects. Measures were taken in Florida, Georgia, Ohio,[7] Tennessee and West Virginia to shorten early voting periods. Florida and Iowa barred all felons from voting. Kansas, South Carolina,[8] Tennessee, Texas[9] and Wisconsin[10] began requiring voters to identify themselves with government-issued IDs before they could cast their ballots. Obama, the NAACP, and the Democratic Party fought against many of the new state laws,[11] and former President Bill Clinton denounced it, saying, "There has never been in my lifetime, since we got rid of the poll tax and all the Jim Crow burdens on voting, the determined effort to limit the franchise that we see today".[12] He said the moves would effectively disenfranchise core voter blocs that trend liberal, college students, Blacks, and Latinos.[13][14] Rolling Stone magazine criticized the American Legislative Exchange Council for lobbying in states to bring about these laws.[11] The Obama campaign fought against the Ohio law, pushing for a petition and statewide referendum to repeal it in time for the 2012 election.[15]
A new plan was proposed in Pennsylvania that would change its representation in the electoral college from a winner-take-all model to a district-by-district model.[16] The Governorship and both houses of its congress were Republican-controlled, and the move was viewed by some as an affront to Obama's re-election effort.[17][18][19]
Nominations
Democratic Party
Primaries
With an incumbent president running for reelection against token opposition, the race for the Democratic nomination was largely uneventful. The nomination process consisted of primaries and caucuses, held by the 50 states, as well as Guam, Puerto Rico, Washington, D.C., U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands. Additionally, high-ranking party members known as superdelegates each received one vote in the convention. A few of the primary challengers surpassed the president's vote total in individual counties in several of the seven contested primaries, though none made a significant impact in the delegate count. Running unopposed everywhere else, President Obama cemented his status as the Democratic presumptive nominee on April 3, 2012 by securing the minimum number of pledged delegates needed to clinch the nomination.[20][21]
Candidates
Republican Party
The nomination process consisted of primaries and caucuses, held by the 50 states, as well as Guam, Puerto Rico, Washington, D.C., U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands. The caucuses allocated delegates to the respective state delegations to the national convention, but the actual election of the delegates were many times at a later date. Delegates were elected in different ways that vary from state to state. They could be elected at local conventions, selected from slates submitted by the candidates, selected at committee meetings, or elected directly at the caucuses and primaries. Additionally, high-ranking RNC members known as Superdelegates each received one vote in the convention.
Primaries
Candidates with considerable name recognition who entered the race for the Republican presidential nomination in the early stages of the primary campaign included: Congressman and former Libertarian nominee Ron Paul, former Governor Tim Pawlenty, who co-chaired John McCain's campaign in 2008, former Governor Mitt Romney, who was widely considered the runner-up for the nomination in the 2008 cycle, and former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich.
The first debate took place on May 5, 2011 in Greenville, South Carolina, with businessman Herman Cain, former New Mexico Governor Gary Johnson, Paul, Pawlenty, and former Pennsylvania Senator Rick Santorum participating. There was another about a month later, with Gingrich, Romney, former Utah Governor Jon Huntsman and Rep. Michele Bachmann participating and Johnson excluded. A total of thirteen debates would be held before the Iowa caucuses.
The first major event of the campaign was the Ames Straw Poll, which took place in Iowa on August 13, 2011. Pawlenty withdrew from the race after doing poorly, as did Thaddeus McCotter, the only candidate among those who qualified for the ballot who was refused entrance into the debate.[22] Bachmann won the straw poll, and this proved to be the acme of her campaign.[23]
A segment of the conservative primary electorate found Romney to be too liberal or moderate for their tastes, and a number of potential "anti-Romney" candidates were put forward,[24][25] including Donald Trump,[26] Sarah Palin,[27] and Texas Governor Rick Perry,[28] the last of whom ultimately decided to run. He did poorly in subsequent debates, and Cain and Gingrich came into the fore.
Due to a number of scandals, Cain withdrew just before the end of the year, after getting on the ballot in several states.[29] Johnson, who had been able to get into only one other debate, withdrew in order to seek the Libertarian Party nomination.[30]
For the first time in modern GOP history, three different candidates won the first three contests.[31] Although Romney was thought to originally have won in Iowa and New Hampshire, Santorum was declared the winner (by 34 votes) in Iowa a few weeks after the caucuses.[32] Gingrich won South Carolina by a large and surprising margin.[33]
A number of candidates dropped out at this time. Bachmann, who finished fifth in Iowa, withdrew after the caucuses.[34] Huntsman withdrew after coming in third in New Hampshire, and Perry withdrew when polls showed him drawing low numbers in South Carolina.[35]
Santorum, who had previously run an essentially one-state campaign in Iowa, took his campaign national and carried three more states on February 7.[36] Romney won all other contests after South Carolina, including Florida, seen at the time as a major win over Gingrich.
The Super Tuesday primaries took place on March 6. With ten states voting and 391 delegates being allocated, it had nearly half the potential impact of its 2008 predecessor. Romney carried six states and Santorum three, while Gingrich won only in his home state of Georgia.[37] Throughout the rest of March, 266 delegates were allocated in 12 events, including all of the territorial contests and the first local conventions that allocated delegates (Wyoming's county conventions). Santorum won Kansas and three Southern primaries, but he was unable to make any gain on Romney, who remained the frontrunner after securing more than half of the delegates allocated in March.
On April 10, Santorum suspended his campaign, leaving Mitt Romney as the undisputed front-runner for the presidential nomination and Gingrich to claim he is the "last conservative" still actively campaigning for the nomination.[38] Gingrich then withdrew on May 1 after a spokesman announced on April 25 that he would do so.[39] On the same day as Gingrich's spokesman announced his future withdrawal, the Republican National Committee (RNC) declared Romney the party's presumptive nominee.[40] Paul officially remained in the race, but he stopped campaigning on May 14. On May 29, Romney won the Texas 2012 Republican primaries; the subsequent accumulation of the state's 155 delegates was enough for him to clinch the party's nomination.[41]
On August 28, 2012, delegates at the Republican National Convention officially named Romney as the party's presidential nominee.[42] Romney formally accepted the delegates' nomination on August 30, 2012.[43]
Candidates
- Mitt Romney, former Governor of Massachusetts[44][45]
- Ron Paul, U.S. Representative from Texas (ended active campaigning on May 14, 2012; no endorsement, continued to seek delegates from earlier primaries)[46]
- Newt Gingrich, former U.S. speaker of the House of Representatives from Georgia[47][48] (withdrew on May 2, 2012, and endorsed Mitt Romney)[49]
- Rick Santorum, former senator from Pennsylvania (withdrew on April 10, 2012, and endorsed Mitt Romney)[50][51][52]
- Buddy Roemer, former governor of Louisiana[53][54] (withdrew on February 22, 2012, to run for the nominations of Americans Elect and the Reform Party)
- Rick Perry, Governor of Texas (withdrew on January 19, 2012, and endorsed Newt Gingrich, now Mitt Romney)[55][56][57]
- Jon Huntsman, Jr., former U.S. ambassador to China and former governor of Utah (withdrew on January 16, 2012 and endorsed Mitt Romney)[58][59]
- Michele Bachmann, U.S. Representative from Minnesota (withdrew on January 4, 2012, and endorsed Mitt Romney)[60][61][62]
- Gary Johnson, former governor of New Mexico (withdrew December 28, 2011, to run for the nomination of the Libertarian Party)[63][64]
- Herman Cain, businessman from Georgia (withdrew on December 3, 2011, and endorsed Newt Gingrich, now Mitt Romney)[65][66]
- Thaddeus McCotter, U.S. Representative from Michigan (withdrew on September 22, 2011, and endorsed Mitt Romney)[67][68]
- Tim Pawlenty, former governor of Minnesota (withdrew August 14, 2011, and endorsed Mitt Romney)[69][70]
Major third parties
The following third parties have nominated candidates that have ballot access to 270 electoral votes, which is the minimum number needed to win the presidency through a majority of the electoral college.
Write-in states that are confirmed to have full elector slates, and are to be included in the final ballot count, appear in Bold.
Libertarian Party
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gary_Johnson_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg/110px-Gary_Johnson_by_Gage_Skidmore_3.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Ballot_access_of_Gary_Johnson_in_the_2012_US_presidential_election.png/200px-Ballot_access_of_Gary_Johnson_in_the_2012_US_presidential_election.png)
Yellow – States where Gary Johnson has write-in access.
- Gary Johnson, former governor of New Mexico;[3] vice-presidential nominee: Jim Gray, retired state court judge, from California[71]
- Candidate Ballot Access:[72] The Johnson/Gray ticket is on all state ballots except in Michigan and Oklahoma where its ballot access has been challenged. (515 electoral votes)
- Write-In Candidate Access:[73] Michigan – (17 electoral votes)
- Total: 532 possible electoral votes
Green Party
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Ballot_access_of_Jill_Stein_in_the_2012_US_presidential_election.png/200px-Ballot_access_of_Jill_Stein_in_the_2012_US_presidential_election.png)
Light Green – States where Jill Stein has write-in access.
- Jill Stein, medical doctor from Massachusetts;[4][74] vice-presidential nominee: Cheri Honkala, social organizer, from Pennsylvania.[75]
- Candidate Ballot Access:[76] Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin – (447 electoral votes)
- Write-In Candidate Access:[76] Connecticut, Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, New Hampshire, Vermont, Wyoming – (11 electoral votes)
- Total: 458 possible electoral votes
Constitution Party
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rep_Virgil_Goode.jpg/110px-Rep_Virgil_Goode.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Ballot_access_of_Virgil_Goode_in_the_2012_US_presidential_election.png/200px-Ballot_access_of_Virgil_Goode_in_the_2012_US_presidential_election.png)
Light Purple – States where Virgil Goode has write-in access.
- Virgil Goode, former U.S. congressman, from Virginia;[77] vice-presidential nominee: Jim Clymer from Pennsylvania[78]
- Candidate Ballot Access:[79] Alabama, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Iowa, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming – (257 electoral votes)
- Write-In Candidate Access:[79] Arizona, California, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Montana, Nebraska, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Vermont, West Virginia – (133 electoral votes)
- Total: 390 possible electoral votes
Justice Party
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Ballot_access_of_Rocky_Anderson_in_the_2012_US_presidential_election.png/200px-Ballot_access_of_Rocky_Anderson_in_the_2012_US_presidential_election.png)
Light Blue – States where Rocky Anderson has write-in access.
- Rocky Anderson, former mayor of Salt Lake City and founding member of the Justice Party, from Utah; vice-presidential nominee: Luis J. Rodriguez from California.[80][81]
- Candidate Ballot Access:[82][83][84][85] Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Idaho, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Washington – (145 electoral votes)
- Write-In Candidate Access: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, California, District of Columbia, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming – (160 electoral votes)[86]
- Total: 305 possible electoral votes
Americans Elect
- No candidates nominated
- Ballot access: Before ending its primary process, the organization had gained ballot access in 29 states with 286 electoral votes.[87]
Following the unsuccessful Unity08, Peter Ackerman started Americans Elect, a non-partisan non-profit organization, with the objective of having the first online nomination process in American history. Americans Elect's motto was "Pick a president, not a party". No candidates met the requirements of online support set out by the organization to enter into its online caucus, so on May 17 the primary process came to an end without a nominee and no AE candidate will run for President in 2012. The online caucus site is now inactive except for a home page with the phrase "See You in 2013".[88]
Party conventions
- April 18–21, 2012: 2012 Constitution Party National Convention held in Nashville, Tennessee;[89] Virgil Goode won the nomination.
- May 3–6, 2012: 2012 Libertarian National Convention held in Las Vegas, Nevada;[90] Gary Johnson won the nomination.[91]
- July 13–15, 2012: Green National Convention held in Baltimore, Maryland;[92] Jill Stein won the nomination.[4]
- August 27–30, 2012: 2012 Republican National Convention held in Tampa, Florida;[93] Mitt Romney won the nomination.
- September 3–6, 2012: 2012 Democratic National Convention held in Charlotte, North Carolina;[94] Barack Obama won the nomination.
Other candidates
A total of 417 people filed a Statement of Candidacy with the Federal Election Commission to run for President in 2012. Most did not appear on the ballot in any state in the general election on November 6.[95]
General election campaign
Debates
The Commission on Presidential Debates announced four debates.[96] Candidates must appear on sufficient state-ballots to be mathematically eligible to win the presidency and achieve at least 15% support in five national polls as of the date of determination.[97]
- Wednesday October 3: The first presidential debate took place at the University of Denver in Denver, Colorado,[98] moderated by Jim Lehrer[99]
- Thursday October 11: The vice-presidential debate took place at Centre College in Danville, Kentucky,[98] moderated by Martha Raddatz[99]
- Tuesday October 16: The second presidential debate took place at Hofstra University in Hempstead, New York,[98] moderated by Candy Crowley.[99] It had a town-meeting format.[100]
- Monday October 22: The third presidential debate took place at Lynn University in Boca Raton, Florida,[98] moderated by Bob Schieffer[99]
An independent presidential debate featuring minor party candidates took place on Tuesday October 23, at University Club of Chicago in Chicago, Illinois.[101] The debate was moderated by Larry King[102] and organized by the Free and Equal Elections Foundation.[101] Gary Johnson (Libertarian), Jill Stein (Green), Virgil Goode (Constitution) and Rocky Anderson (Justice) were the participants.[101][102] A second debate between Stein and Johnson was announced for Monday, November 5, and took place in Washington, D.C.;[103][104] it was hosted by RT,[105] and moderated by Thom Hartmann and Christina Tobin.
Election
Early voting in some of the states began in mid October, and continued through November 4. The election will proceed as follows:
- November 6, 2012 – Election Day
- December 17, 2012 – Electoral College will formally elect a President and Vice President.
- January 3, 2013 – The 113th Congress is sworn in.
- January 6, 2013 – Electoral votes are formally counted before a joint session of Congress.
- January 20, 2013 – Inauguration oaths are taken; the new presidential term starts at noon.
- January 21, 2013 – Inauguration Day (as the 20th, the traditional date of the inaugural ceremony, falls on a Sunday)[106]
The first results available were from Dixville Notch, New Hampshire, with 5 votes for Obama and 5 for Romney, and from Hart's Location, New Hampshire, with 23 votes for Obama, 9 for Romney, and 1 for Gary Johnson. Both towns vote at midnight each election, and results are available shortly thereafter.[107] Additional results became available after the polls closed, beginning at 7 PM Eastern Time. (00:00 GMT)[108]
Results
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/ElectoralCollege2012.svg/500px-ElectoralCollege2012.svg.png)
Candidate (Party) | Electoral votes |
States carried* |
Popular vote |
Pct. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
bgcolor="Template:Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color"| | Obama (Democratic) | 303 | 25 | 50,504,167 | |
bgcolor="Template:Republican Party (United States)/meta/color" width=10px | | Romney (Republican) | 201 | 23 | 50,342,692 | |
bgcolor="Template:Libertarian Party (United States)/meta/color"| | Johnson (Libertarian) | 0 | 0 | 0% | |
bgcolor="Template:Green Party (United States)/meta/color"| | Stein (Green) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0% |
bgcolor="Template:Constitution Party (United States)/meta/color"| | Goode (Constitution) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0% |
Anderson (Justice) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0% | |
Others | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | |
Total | 538 | 51 | 100.00% | ||
* includes District of Columbia |
Popular vote count is preliminary, and does not include all precincts.[109]
Projection by state
- As of 11:50 p.m. EST (0450 UTC)
- Alabama – 9 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Alaska – 3 EVs
- Arkansas – 6 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Arizona – 11 EVs, Romney (CNN projection)
- California – 55 EVs, Obama (CNN projection)
- Connecticut – 7 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Colorado – 9 EVs, Obama (AP projection)
- Delaware – 3 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Florida - 29 EVs
- Georgia – 16 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Hawaii – 4 EVs, Obama (CNN projection)
- Idaho – 4 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Illinois – 20 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Indiana – 11 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Iowa – 6 EVs, Obama (CNN projection)
- Kansas – 6 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Kentucky – 8 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Louisiana – 8 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Maine – 4 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Maryland – 10 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Massachusetts – 11 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Michigan – 16 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Minnesota – 10 EVs, Obama (CBS projection)
- Mississippi – 6 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Missouri – 10 EVs, Romney (CBS projection)
- Montana – 3 EVs, Romney (all networks projection)
- Nebraska – 3 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection) (4th and 5th EVs not yet projected)
- Nevada – 6 EVs, Obama (ABC projection)
- New Hampshire – 4 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- New Jersey – 14 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- New Mexico – 5 EVs, Obama (NBC projection)
- New York – 29 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- North Carolina – 15 EVs, Romney (CNN projection)
- North Dakota – 3 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Ohio – 18 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Oklahoma – 7 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Oregon – 7 EVs, Obama (CNN projection)
- Pennsylvania – 20 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Rhode Island – 4 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- South Carolina – 9 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- South Dakota – 3 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Tennessee – 11 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Texas – 38 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Utah – 6 EVs, Romney (CNN projection)
- Vermont – 3 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Virginia – 13 EVs, Obama (NYTimes projection)
- Washington, D.C. – 3 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Washington – 12 EVs, Obama (CNN projection)
- West Virginia – 5 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
- Wisconsin – 10 EVs, Obama (Consensus projection)
- Wyoming – 3 EVs, Romney (Consensus projection)
Next states to close
- 1:00 a.m. EST (0600 UTC): Alaska
See also
- Nationwide opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2012
- Statewide opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2012
- United States presidential election, 2012 timeline
- United States presidential election
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- ^ Goldman, Russell (July 5, 2012). "Michele Bachmann Drops Out of Presidential Race". ABC News.
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- ^ Norington, Brad "Romney has money but lacks conviction", The Australian. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
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- ^ Cohen, Tom; Silverleib, Alan (September 1, 2011) "Seeking the 'anti-Romney' in the Republican presidential race", CNN.com. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
- ^ "Herman Cain suspends presidential campaign". Newsday. December 3, 2011. Retrieved July 5, 2012.
- ^ Stewart, Rebecca (December 28, 2011). "'Liberated' Gary Johnson seeks Libertarian nomination". CNN. Retrieved December 28, 2011.
- ^ Knickerbocker, Brad (January 21, 2012). "Newt Gingrich wins South Carolina. Can he do the same in Florida?". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved July 10, 2012.
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- ^ Begala, Paul (January 21, 2012). "Newt Gingrich's Surprise Win in South Carolina Panics Republicans".
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- ^ Zeleny, Jeff; Shear, Michael D. (January 19, 2012). "Perry to End Bid for Presidency". The New York Times. Retrieved July 10, 2012.
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: More than one of|work=
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{{cite news}}
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ignored (|url-status=
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Falkenthal, Gayle (October 28, 2012). "Third party Presidential debate date changed to Nov. 5 due to Hurricane Sandy". The Washington Times. Retrieved October 29, 2012.
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Further reading
- William G. Mayer and Jonathan Bernstein, eds. The Making of the Presidential Candidates, 2012 (Rowman & Littlefield; 2012) 241 pages; ISBN 978-1-4422-1170-4; Scholars explore nominations in the post-public-funding era, digital media and campaigns, television coverage, and the Tea Party.