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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/3961358-asa-hutchinson-formally-launches-2024-presidential-campaign/|title=Asa Hutchinson formally launches 2024 presidential campaign |date=April 26, 2023|website=The Hill|author=Julia Manchester}}</ref>
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/3961358-asa-hutchinson-formally-launches-2024-presidential-campaign/|title=Asa Hutchinson formally launches 2024 presidential campaign |date=April 26, 2023|website=The Hill|author=Julia Manchester}}</ref>
|-
|-
| scope="row" data-sort-value="Johnson, Perry" | <br />'''[[Perry Johnson (politician)|Perry Johnson]]'''
| scope="row" data-sort-value="Johnson, Perry" | [[File:Perry Platypus.png|thumb|170x170px]]<br />'''[[Perry Johnson (politician)|Perry Flynn]]'''
| style="background:#616161" |
| style="background:#616161" |
|{{dts|1948|1|23}}<br />(age {{age nts|1948|1|23|||}})<br />[[Dolton, Illinois]]
|{{dts|1948|1|23}}<br />(age {{age nts|1948|1|23|||}})<br />[[Danville, Tri State Area]]
|'''Agent P'''<br> Secret Agent for OWCA <br /> (2007-2015
|'''Businessman'''<br> Candidate for [[Governor of Michigan]] in [[2022 Michigan gubernatorial election|2022]]

|[[File:Flag of Michigan.svg|center|70x70px]] [[Michigan]]
|[[File:Flag of the Tri-State Area.webp|center|70x70px]] [[Tri State Area]]
|{{hs|2023-03-02}}[[File:Perry Johnson 2024 logo.png|frameless|150x150px]]<hr />{{small|'''{{dts|2023|3|2}}'''}}<br />FEC filing<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statement of Candidacy |url=https://docquery.fec.gov/pdf/696/202302099578205696/202302099578205696.pdf |access-date=April 18, 2023 |website=docquery.fec.gov}}</ref>
|{{hs|2023-03-02}}[[File:Perry Johnson 2024 logo.png|frameless|150x150px]]<hr />{{small|'''{{dts|2023|3|2}}'''}}<br />FEC filing<ref>{{Cite web |title=Statement of Candidacy |url=https://docquery.fec.gov/pdf/696/202302099578205696/202302099578205696.pdf |access-date=April 18, 2023 |website=docquery.fec.gov}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Businessman Perry Johnson announces 2024 presidential bid|url=https://apnews.com/article/perry-johnson-2024-presidential-campaign-b734b469aa0b56a94e19ef0125cf5997 |website=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=June 17, 2023|date=March 3, 2023}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Businessman Perry Johnson announces 2024 presidential bid|url=https://apnews.com/article/perry-johnson-2024-presidential-campaign-b734b469aa0b56a94e19ef0125cf5997 |website=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=June 17, 2023|date=March 3, 2023}}</ref>

Revision as of 00:48, 19 June 2023

2024 Republican Party presidential primaries

← 2020 February to June 2024[1] 2028 →

2,467 delegates (2,392 pledged and 75 unpledged) to the Republican National Convention[2][a]
1,234[2] votes needed to win
Opinion polls

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First place by first-instance vote

Previous Republican nominee

Donald Trump



Presidential primaries and caucuses are being organized by the Republican Party to select the delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention scheduled to be held between February and June 2024 to determine the party's nominee for president of the United States in the 2024 U.S. presidential election. The elections will take place individually in all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories.

Former President Donald Trump initiated his run for president in November 2022, a week after the 2022 midterm elections and two years ahead of the 2024 election, unusually early especially after launching his 2016 and 2020 campaigns both on the third Tuesday of June in the year before. Former Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley became the first to follow him on February 14, followed by wealth management executive Vivek Ramaswamy one week later, businessman Perry Johnson on March 3rd, former Arkansas governor Asa Hutchinson on April 6, radio host Larry Elder on April 20, and U.S. Senator Tim Scott on May 19. After several timetable shifts, Florida governor Ron DeSantis entered the race with a virtual message on May 24. Former Vice President Mike Pence entered the race on June 5, with former New Jersey governor Chris Christie joining on June 6, North Dakota governor Doug Burgum joining on June 7, and Miami mayor Francis X. Suarez joining June 14.

Trump is the early frontrunner, and has maintained a consistent lead in primary polling since 2020. Some Republicans have expressed apprehension about nominating Trump, owing to his loss to Joe Biden in 2020, the multiple ongoing criminal investigations into him, and the results of the 2022 midterms, when several Trump-endorsed candidates lost key races. However, many other Republicans have stood by Trump and decried the investigations into him as politically motivated. Among the non-Trump candidates, DeSantis has consistently led in polling, though he has yet to approach the support enjoyed by Trump.

Trump is the first president to run after leaving office since Herbert Hoover in 1940; if he wins, he will be the first president to serve non-consecutive terms since Grover Cleveland, who won his second term in 1892.[3] Meanwhile, Pence's candidacy makes him the first vice president to run against the president under whom they served since John Nance Garner in 1940.[4] Burgum is the first person born in North Dakota to run for president, while Haley is the first female racial minority to seek the Republican nomination.[5][6]

Candidates

Declared major candidates

The candidates in this section have declared their candidacies and meet one or more of the following criteria: campaign has received substantial major media coverage; current or previous holder of significant elected office; have been included in at least five national polls.

Declared major candidates in the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries
Name Born Experience Home state Campaign
Announcement date
Ref.


Doug Burgum

August 1, 1956
(age 67)
Arthur, North Dakota
Governor of North Dakota
(2016–present)
North Dakota
File:Doug Burgum for America logo.png
Campaign
June 7, 2023
FEC filing[7]
[8]


Chris Christie

September 6, 1962
(age 61)
Newark, New Jersey
Governor of New Jersey
(2010–2018)
Candidate for president
(2016)
U.S. Attorney for the District of New Jersey
(2002–2008)
New Jersey

Campaign
June 6, 2023
FEC filing[9]
[10]


Ron DeSantis

September 14, 1978
(age 45)
Jacksonville, Florida
Governor of Florida
(2019–present)
U.S. Representative from FL-06
(2013–2018)
Florida

Campaign
May 24, 2023
FEC filing[11]
[12]

Larry Elder
April 27, 1952
(age 72)
Los Angeles, California
Host of The Larry Elder Show
(1993–2022)
Candidate for Governor of California in 2021
California

Campaign
April 20, 2023
FEC filing[13]
[14]
File:Nikki Haley 2020 Portrait Cropped.jpg
Nikki Haley
January 20, 1972
(age 52)
Bamberg, South Carolina
Ambassador to the United Nations
(2017–2018)
Governor of South Carolina
(2011–2017)
South Carolina State Representative
(2005–2011)
South Carolina

Campaign
February 14, 2023
FEC filing[15]
[16]
File:Asa Hutchinson Judiciary Comittee Portrait Cropped.jpg
Asa Hutchinson
December 3, 1950
(age 73)
Bentonville, Arkansas
Governor of Arkansas
(2015–2023)
Under Secretary of Homeland Security
(2003–2005)
Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration
(2001–2003)
Arkansas

Campaign
April 6, 2023
FEC filing[17]
[18]

Perry Flynn
January 23, 1948
(age 76)
Danville, Tri State Area
Agent P
Secret Agent for OWCA
(2007-2015
Tri State Area

March 2, 2023
FEC filing[19]
[20]

Mike Pence
June 7, 1959
(age 65)
Columbus, Indiana
Vice President of the United States
(2017–2021)
Governor of Indiana
(2013–2017)
U.S. Representative from Indiana
(2001–2013)
Indiana

Campaign
June 5, 2023
FEC filing[21]
[22]

Vivek Ramaswamy
August 9, 1985
(age 38)
Cincinnati, Ohio
Executive chairman of Strive Asset Management
(2022–present)
Ohio

Campaign
February 21, 2023
FEC filing[23]
[24]
File:Tim Scott 3-3-2022 (1).jpg
Tim Scott
September 19, 1965
(age 58)
North Charleston, South Carolina
U.S. Senator from South Carolina
(2013–present)
U.S. Representative from SC-01
(2011–2013)
South Carolina State Representative
(2009–2011)
South Carolina

Campaign
May 19, 2023
FEC filing[25]
[26]

Francis X. Suarez
October 6, 1977
(age 46)
Miami, Florida
Mayor of Miami
(2017–present)
Member of the Miami City Commission
(2009–2017)
Florida

June 14, 2023
FEC filing[27]
[28]
File:Donald Trump AFPI Portrait Cropped.jpg
Donald Trump
June 14, 1946
(age 78)
Queens, New York
President of the United States
(2017–2021)
Chairman of The Trump Organization
(1971–2017)
Florida

Campaign
November 15, 2022
FEC filing[29][30]
[31]


Other declared candidates

The candidates in this section are otherwise notable, but have not met the criteria outlined above.


Decision pending

As of June 2023, the following notable individuals are expected to make a decision regarding their official candidacy within a set timeline.



Publicly expressed interest

As of June 2023, the following notable individuals have expressed an interest in running for president within the previous six months.


Potential candidates

As of June 2023, there has been speculation about the potential candidacy of the following notable individuals within the previous six months.

Declined to be candidates

The following notable individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacy, but have publicly denied interest in running.

Vice presidential speculation

Multiple reporters, political analysts and commentators have noted that Trump selecting his former Vice President Mike Pence to be his running mate once again would be highly unlikely following rifts between the two over the future of the Republican Party and Pence's attempts to distance himself from the former president.[86][87][88] On March 15, 2022, Trump announced that if he ran for re-election and wins the Republican presidential nomination, Pence would not be his running mate.[89] In June 2022, the House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack found that Trump said Pence "deserved" calls to be hanged on the day of the attack.[90] Pence has similarly stated that he has no interest in accepting the vice presidential nomination again.[91]

Several individuals have received speculation about possible selection as vice presidential nominee in 2024 including Senator Tim Scott of South Carolina, Governor Kristi Noem of South Dakota, Governor Glenn Youngkin of Virginia, Senator Ted Cruz of Texas, Governor Ron DeSantis of Florida, Governor Kim Reynolds of Iowa, Senator Joni Ernst of Iowa, Senator Rick Scott of Florida, and Lieutenant Governor Jeanette Nuñez of Florida.[92][93] There has been speculation that former U.S. Representative Lee Zeldin of New York could become DeSantis' running mate after his strong performance in the 2022 New York gubernatorial election.[94] and both holding several rallies before and after the election together.[95][96] Some have speculated that former United Nations Ambassador and former South Carolina governor Nikki Haley could be Trump's running mate.[97] Reportedly, Trump has "repeatedly" discussed the possibility of choosing United States Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene as his running mate.[98] Greene has claimed that she is in talks with Trump to become his running mate.[99]

On March 6, 2023, multiple sources close to Donald Trump, the current Republican front-runner, as reported by Axios, ran the list down to four major contenders. These were Haley; Sarah Huckabee Sanders, former White House press secretary for Trump and current governor of Arkansas, who has received media attention for her executive orders; Kristi Noem, governor of South Dakota; and Kari Lake, candidate for Arizona governor in 2022 who lost narrowly to Katie Hobbs. According to Axios, Trump's major factor in the race is loyalty, something he sees strongly in Lake given her reiterations of the claims of a stolen 2020 election.[100]

Timeline

2022

A week after the 2022 midterm elections, at Mar-a-Lago, former president Donald Trump announced that he would run again in 2024. He is seeking to become the first president since Grover Cleveland to serve two non-consecutive terms.[101]

2023

February 2023

On February 14, former South Carolina governor and former U.N. ambassador Nikki Haley announced her presidential candidacy, making her the second major candidate in the race.[102]

On February 21, anti-environmental, social and corporate governance activist Vivek Ramaswamy announced his presidential candidacy on Tucker Carlson Tonight.[103]

March 2023

On March 3, businessman Perry Johnson, a Michigan gubernatorial candidate in 2022, who failed to qualify for collecting fake donor signatures, announced his intent to run for president of the United States.

April 2023

On April 2, former Arkansas governor Asa Hutchinson announced his candidacy during an interview with ABC News' Jonathan Karl.[104]

On April 12, the junior U.S. Senator from South Carolina and former U.S. representative Tim Scott announced an exploratory committee to run for President.[105]

On April 20, former California gubernatorial candidate Larry Elder announced his campaign on Tucker Carlson Tonight.[106]

May 2023

On May 19, Tim Scott submitted FEC paperwork to run;[107] he announced his presidential run publicly on May 22.[108]

On May 24, Florida governor and former U.S. representative Ron DeSantis submitted his FEC paperwork to run,[109] and announced that he was running for president during a Twitter Spaces interview with Twitter owner Elon Musk.[110]

June 2023

On June 5, former Vice President Mike Pence filed paperwork to run for president[111] and North Dakota governor Doug Burgum released a campaign video.[112]

On June 6, Burgum published an announcement opinion-editorial piece announce his presidential run in the Wall Street Journal,[113] making him the first North Dakotan to run for president.[114] The same day, former New Jersey governor and 2016 presidential candidate Chris Christie publicly announced a presidential campaign in New Hampshire.[115]

On June 7, Pence publicly announced his bid with a campaign video.[116][117][118] Also, Burgum delivered a public announcement speech in Fargo.[119]

On June 14, Miami mayor Francis X. Suarez filed his run with the Federal Election Commission. He delivered a speech the next day at the Reagan Library to publicly announce his campaign, as four other Republicans in the race had done in the last year. [120][121][122][123][124]

Other timing information

At least 17 states have filing deadlines for presidential candidates seeking the nomination of their party in order to appear on the state's ballots. The early caucus state Nevada has the first filing deadline, and 12 additional states, including populous California and Texas, have filing deadlines by December 22nd. If a candidate files in a state without a deadline,[citation needed] but too close to that state's primary, that candidate may not appear on the ballot. In 2020, Michael Bloomberg opted to skip early contests because of this issue. This may be necessary for Virginia governor Glenn Youngkin, who would only join the race after success in his state's November midterm elections.[125][126] However, most candidates have entered the race in modern presidential elections by June or July of the year before the primary elections.[127] As of June 2023, the exact dates of many primaries are still uncertain; GOP rules mandate that changes to dates and delegate allocation methods must occur by October 1.[128] They also specify that all primaries occur between March 1 and June 11, 2024, except for Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada, and South Carolina which are allowed to hold caucuses or primaries in February. However, the first two appear to be scheduled in late January in some sources. The bulk will be concentrated in March, as usual in presidential primaries. By March 19, most delegates will have been awarded. The process will conclude with the formal adoption of the nominee by a majority of delegates at the Republican National Convention in Milwaukee, which will be held from July 15–18.[129]

Overview

Donald Trump 2024 presidential campaignFrancis X. Suarez 2024 presidential campaignTim Scott 2024 presidential campaignVivek Ramaswamy 2024 presidential campaignMike Pence 2024 presidential campaignAsa Hutchinson 2024 presidential campaignNikki Haley 2024 presidential campaignLarry Elder 2024 presidential campaignRon DeSantis 2024 presidential campaignChris Christie 2024 presidential campaignDoug Burgum
Active campaign Exploratory committee Withdrawn candidate
Primaries Midterm elections Republican National Convention

Background

Despite losing his re-election bid in 2020, Trump remains the main front-runner of the GOP and endorsed challengers to several House members who had voted to impeach him, as well as pushing several candidates through for open races. These candidates had a lackluster performance resulting in the Republicans taking control of the house with only a small majority and causing a dip in Trump's popularity within the party. At the same time Ron DeSantis, the Governor of Florida, won nearly 60% of the vote in a landslide victory in his gubernatorial re-election.[130]

Media coverage consistently portrayed DeSantis as Trump's main rival, despite DeSantis not having announced a presidential run.[131][132] DeSantis rose in GOP aggregate polls throughout 2022, eventually reaching 11 points behind Trump. Since the beginning of the year, Trump has resurged and DeSantis has fallen behind. This has been fueled by sentiments against an indictment of Trump on March 30. National polling against incumbent president Biden shows nearly the exact result regardless of which is the GOP nominee, but because of DeSantis' prominence being more recent, more GOP voters are undecided on him than Trump.[133][134][135][136]In March 2023, Trump attacked DeSantis with nicknames like "Meatball Ron" and "Ron DeSanctimonious".[137]

Trump received his first indictment on March 30[138] and was arrested on April 4.[139] On April 25, Trump suggested he would skip Republican debates, saying he did not want to be "libeled and abused" in them and boasting that he already had a "seemingly insurmountable" lead.[140] On May 10, Trump conducted a live town hall with CNN, his first time with a major network other than Fox News since storming off an interview with 60 Minutes in October 2020.[141]

Trump's poll numbers surged immediately after the New York State indictment was announced. A Yahoo News poll shows that in a Republican primary, 57% of respondents would vote for Trump.[142] In a NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist College poll, 80% of Republicans surveyed said Trump was being unfairly targeted.[143] Trump announced in March 2022 that if he runs for re-election and wins the Republican presidential nomination, his former vice president Mike Pence will not be his running mate.[89]

Debates

The first Republican primary debate is scheduled for August 23, 2023, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, to be hosted by Fox News.[144] Candidates will be required to meet a polling threshold of 1% and attract 40,000 unique donors.[145] The second Republican primary debate will take place at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Simi Valley[146] as happened in 2016.[147] On April 25, 2023, Trump raised uncertainty about his participation in the debates on Truth Social due to his large polling lead. [148] On June 18th, 2023, Former New Jersey Governor Chris Christie who entered the race on June 6th, questioned the importance of sigining a pledge to support the eventual GOP nominee, one of the requirements to participate in the debate.

Endorsements

Opinion polling

Local regression graph of all polls conducted since January 2023.

Campaign finance

This is an overview of the money used by each campaign as it is reported to the Federal Election Commission (FEC). Totals raised include individual contributions, loans from the candidate, and transfers from other campaign committees. Individual contributions are itemized (catalogued) by the FEC when the total value of contributions by an individual comes to more than $200. The last column, Cash On Hand (COH), shows the remaining cash each campaign had available for its future spending as of March 31, 2023.

Overview of campaign financing for candidates in the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries through March 31, 2023
Candidate Total raised Individual contributions Debt Spent COH
Total Unitemized Pct
DeSantis[149] not a candidate as of March 31, 2023
Elder[150] not a candidate as of March 31, 2023
Haley[151] $5,125,431 $3,283,822 $798,184 24.3% $0 $1,055,881 $4,069,549
Hutchinson[152] not a candidate as of March 31, 2023
Johnson[153] $3,763,396 $5,838 $0 0% $3,429,558 $1,726,920 $2,036,476
Ramaswamy[154] $11,406,212 $851,637 $415,580 48.8% $10,250,000 $2,038,924 $9,367,288
Scott[155] not a candidate as of March 31, 2023
Trump[156] $18,272,903 $16,361 $4,911 30.0% $255,109 $4,340,955 $13,931,948

See also

Notes

  1. ^ This delegate count is accurate as of July 2024. Delegate counts are subject to change based on the number of Republicans elected to the state legislatures, governorships, U.S. House, and U.S. Senate through December 31, 2023.

References

  1. ^ "The Rules of the Republican Party" (PDF). gop.com. April 14, 2022. p. 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 30, 2022. Retrieved November 16, 2022.
  2. ^ a b "The Green Papers". Archived from the original on November 5, 2022. Retrieved November 5, 2022.
  3. ^ Zeitz, Joshua (November 15, 2022). "4 Ex-Presidents Who Ran Again — And What They Mean for Trump". Politico. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  4. ^ Waxman, Olivia (June 6, 2023). "Pence Is First VP to Run Against His Former Boss in 83 Years". Time Magazine. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  5. ^ Carvell, Tasha (June 1, 2023). "The first North Dakotan to run for President". KFGO. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  6. ^ Thomson-DeVeaux, Amelia; Conroy, Meredith (February 14, 2023). "Nikki Haley Is The First Woman of Color To Run For The Republican Nomination". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved June 8, 2023.
  7. ^ "Form 1 for Doug Burgum for America, Inc". docquery.fec.gov. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  8. ^ Burgum, Doug (June 6, 2023). "Doug Burgum: Why I'm Running for President in 2024". The Wall Street Journal.
  9. ^ "Federal Election Commission". Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  10. ^ "Former New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie, a top GOP Trump critic, files paperwork to launch 2024 presidential campaign". CNBC. June 6, 2023. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  11. ^ "Form 1 for RON DESANTIS FOR PRESIDENT". docquery.fec.gov. Retrieved May 24, 2023.
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  18. ^ Julia Manchester (April 26, 2023). "Asa Hutchinson formally launches 2024 presidential campaign". The Hill.
  19. ^ "Statement of Candidacy" (PDF). docquery.fec.gov. Retrieved April 18, 2023.
  20. ^ "Businessman Perry Johnson announces 2024 presidential bid". Associated Press. March 3, 2023. Retrieved June 17, 2023.
  21. ^ "Statement of Candidacy". docquery.fec.gov. June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 5, 2023.
  22. ^ Kevin Breuninger (June 5, 2023). "Mike Pence files paperwork to launch 2024 Republican presidential campaign". CNBC.
  23. ^ "Statement of Candidacy" (PDF). docquery.fec.gov. February 21, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 7, 2023. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
  24. ^ "Ramaswamy for President? Readers Respond". The Wall Street Journal. February 27, 2023. Archived from the original on February 28, 2023. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
  25. ^ "Statement of Candidacy" (PDF). docquery.fec.gov. May 19, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 19, 2023. Retrieved May 19, 2023.
  26. ^ Allison, Natalie (May 19, 2023). "Tim Scott files paperwork to run for president". POLITICO. Retrieved May 19, 2023.
  27. ^ "Federal Election Commission". Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  28. ^ Astor, Maggie; Mazzei, Patricia (June 14, 2023). "Francis Suarez, Miami Mayor, Files for a Republican Presidential Run". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  29. ^ "Statement of Candidacy" (PDF). docquery.fec.gov. November 15, 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 20, 2022. Retrieved December 6, 2022.
  30. ^ "Statement of Candidacy" (PDF). docquery.fec.gov. December 8, 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 14, 2023. Retrieved February 14, 2023.
  31. ^ Singman, Brooke (November 15, 2022). "Donald Trump announces 2024 re-election run for president". Fox News. Archived from the original on November 16, 2022. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
  32. ^ Tillman, Zoe (January 6, 2023). "Trump Is Already Facing a Lawsuit to Stop His 2024 Campaign". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on March 19, 2023. Retrieved March 22, 2023.
  33. ^ Julia Musto (February 2, 2023). "Former Rhode Island mayor launches presidential bid". Fox News. Archived from the original on February 2, 2023. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
  34. ^ "Former MT Secretary of State announces presidential bid". Helena Independent Record. November 18, 2022. Archived from the original on January 11, 2023. Retrieved December 5, 2022.
  35. ^ Lahut, Jake (April 9, 2023). "The Longshot Republican Running Like Trump Doesn't Exist". Daily Beast. Retrieved June 6, 2023.
  36. ^ "Former Rep. Mike Rogers on a possible 2024 presidential bid". CBS News. March 30, 2023. Archived from the original on March 31, 2023. Retrieved March 30, 2023.
  37. ^ Sexton, Adam (June 13, 2023). "Potential Republican presidential candidate slams Trump's alleged mishandling of documents". WMUR. Retrieved June 18, 2023.
  38. ^ Diamante, Reena (February 17, 2023). "Will Texas Gov. Greg Abbott run for president in 2024?". spectrumlocalnews.com. Retrieved February 22, 2023.
  39. ^ Svitek, Patrick (April 4, 2023). "Gov. Greg Abbott is turning up the pressure on passing school choice. Will it pay off?". Texas Tribune. Retrieved April 27, 2023.
  40. ^ Darnell, Tim (June 13, 2023). "Gov. Brian Kemp: No 2024 plans, but 'always doors opening and closing'". Atlanta News First.com. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  41. ^ Chaffin, Joshua; Politi, James (May 30, 2023). "Business leaders search for alternatives to Donald Trump and Ron DeSantis". Financial Times. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  42. ^ Gillespie, Brandon (April 18, 2023). "South Dakota's Kristi Noem takes action on Second Amendment as 2024 rumors ramp up". Fox News. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved April 18, 2023.
  43. ^ Warden, Beth (June 7, 2023). "Will Gov. Noem run for president in 2024?". Dakota News Now. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
  44. ^ Chasmar, Jessica (May 23, 2023). "Youngkin ad declares 'parents still matter' amid 2024 speculation". Fox News. Retrieved May 23, 2023.
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