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Added note about credible well-researched challenge to Lybia record's accuracy.
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| 57.8 °C (136 °[[Fahrenheit|F]])
| 57.8 °C (136 °[[Fahrenheit|F]])
| [[Al 'Aziziyah]], [[Libya]]
| [[Al 'Aziziyah]], [[Libya]]
| 1922-09-13<ref name="NCDC">[http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalextremes.html Global Measured Extremes of Temperature and Precipitation.] [[National Climatic Data Center]]. Retrieved on 2007-06-21.</ref>
| 1922-09-13<ref name="NCDC">[http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalextremes.html Global Measured Extremes of Temperature and Precipitation.] [[National Climatic Data Center]]. Retrieved on 2007-06-21.</ref> (Modern research suggests this record may be the result of an instrument error<ref name="libyablog">{{cite web | url=http://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/comment.html?entrynum=2 |title=QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE WORLD’S HOTTEST TEMPERATURE ON RECORD: 136.4°F (58°C) AT AL AZIZIA, LIBYA SEPTEMBER 13, 1922 |date=2010-10-08|publisher=Weather Underground|author=Burt, Christopher C. | accessdate=2010-10-09}}</ref>.)
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| Chad
| style="text-align:center;"| Chad

Revision as of 14:37, 9 October 2010

This is a list of weather records, a list of the most extreme occurrences of weather phenomena for various categories. Many weather records are measured under specific conditions—such as surface temperature and wind speed—to keep consistency among measurements around the Earth. Each of these records is understood to be the record value officially observed, as these records may have been exceeded before modern weather instrumentation was invented, or in remote areas without an official weather station.

Temperature

The standard measuring conditions for temperature are 1.2 meters above the ground, and not in the direct sunlight (hence the term, x degrees "in the shade")

Heat

Highest temperature ever recorded

Temperature Location Date
Africa/On Earth† 57.8 °C (136 °F) Al 'Aziziyah, Libya 1922-09-13[1] (Modern research suggests this record may be the result of an instrument error[2].)
Chad 47.6 °C (117.7 °F) Faya 2010-06-22[3]
Niger 48.2 °C (118.8 °F) Bilma 2010-06-23[3]
South Africa 50.0 °C (122 °F) Dunbrody, Eastern Cape 1918-11-03[4]
Sudan 49.6 °C (121.3 °F) Dongola 2010-06-25[3]
North America 56.7 °C (134 °F) Death Valley, California, USA 1913-07-10[5]
Canada 45 °C (113 °F) Midale and Yellow Grass, Saskatchewan 1937-07-05[6]
Asia 53.9 °C (129 °F) Tirat Tsvi, Israel 1942-06-21[7]
China 48 °C (118 °F) Turpan Depression, Turpan, Xinjiang, China 1975-07-13[8]
India 50.6 °C (123.1 °F) Alwar, Rajasthan 1956-05-10[9]
Iraq 52.0 °C (125.7 °F) Basra 2010-06-14[3]
Japan 40.9 °C (105.6 °F) Kumagaya, Saitama / Tajimi, Gifu 2007-08-16[10]
Kuwait 52.6 °C (126.7 °F) Abdaly 2010-06-15[3]
Malaysia 40.1 °C (104.2 °F) Chuping 1998-04-09[11]
Myanmar 47.0 °C (116.6 °F) Myinmu 2010-05-12[3]
Pakistan 53.5 °C (128.3 °F) Mohenjo-daro, Sindh 2010-05-26[12][3]
Qatar 50.4 °C (122.7 °F) Doha 2010-07-14[3]
Saudi Arabia 52.0 °C (125.6 °F) Jeddah 2010-06-22[3]
Singapore 36.0 °C (96.8 °F) Singapore 1998-03-26[11]
South Korea 40.0 °C (104 °F) Daegu 1942-08-01[13]
Turkey 48.8 °C (119.8°F) Mardin 1993-08-14[14]
Oceania‡ 50.7 °C (123 °F) Oodnadatta, South Australia, Australia 1960-01-02[1][15]
New Zealand 42.4 °C (108.3 °F) Rangiora
Jordan, Marlborough 		1973-02-07[16]
Europe 48.0 °C (118.4 °F) Athens, Greece 1977-07-10[17]
Austria 39.7 °C (103.5 °F) Dellach im Drautal 1983-07-27[18]
Belarus 38.9 °C(102 °F) Gomel 2010-08-07[3]
Belgium 38.8 °C (102 °F) Uccle 1947-06-27
Bulgaria 45.2 °C (113.3 °F) Sadovo, Plovdiv Province 1916-08-05[19]
Croatia 42.8 °C (109 °F) Ploče 1998-08-05[20]
Cyprus 46.6 °C (115.9 °F) Lefconica 2010-08-01[3]
Czech Republic 40.2 °C (104.4 °F) Prague-Uhříněves 1983-07-27[21]
Denmark 36.4 °C (97.5 °F) Holstebro, Midtjylland 1975-08-10[22]
Estonia 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) Võru 1992-08-11[23]
Finland 37.2 °C (99.0 °F) Liperi 2010-07-29[24]
France 44.1 °C (110.1 °F) Conqueyrac / Saint-Christol-lès-Alès 2003-08-12[25]
Germany 40.2 °C (104.4 °F) Gärmersdorf bei Amberg / Karlsruhe & Freiburg 1983-07-27 / 2003-08-13[26]
Hungary 41.9 °C (107.4 °F) Kiskunhalas 2007-07-08[27]
Iceland 30.5 °C (86.9 °F) Teigarhorn, Djúpivogur 1939-06-22[28][29]
Ireland 33.3 °C (91.9 °F) Kilkenny Castle, County Kilkenny 1887-06-26[30]
Italy 45.6 °C (116.6 °F) Bari 2007-07-25[31]
Latvia 36.4 °C (97.5 °C) Daugavpils 1943-08-04[32]
Lithuania 37.5 °C (99.5 °F) Zarasai, Utena County 1994-07-30[33]
Macedonia 44.8 °C(112.6 °F) Demir Kapija, Demir Kapija Municipality 2000-07-05[34]
Moldova 41.5 °C(106.7 °F) Camenca, Camenca sub-district, Transnistria 2007-07-21[35]
Netherlands 38.6 °C (102 °F) Warnsveld 1944-08-23[36]
Norway 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) Nesbyen, Buskerud 1970-06-20[37]
Poland 40.2 °C (104.4 °F) Prószków 1921-07-29[38]
Portugal 47.4 °C (117.3 °F) Amareleja, Beja 2003-08-01[39]
Romania 44.5 °C (112.1 °F) Ion Sion, Brăila County 1951-08-10[40]
Russia 44.0 °C (111.2 °F) Yashkul, Kalmykia 2010-07-11[3]
Serbia 44.9 °C (112.8 °F) Smederevska Palanka, Podunavlje District 2007-07-24[41]
Slovakia 40.3 °C (104.5 °F) Hurbanovo 2007-07-20[42]
Slovenia 40.6 °C (105.1 °F) Črnomelj 1950-07-05[43]
Spain 47.2 °C (116.9 °F) Murcia 1994-07-04[44]
Sweden 38.0 °C (100.4 °F) Ultuna, Uppsala County / Målilla, Kalmar County 1933-07-09 / 1947-06-29[45]
Switzerland 41.5 °C (106.7 °F) Grono, Locarno 2003-08-11[46]
Ukraine 42.0 °C (107.6 °F) Luhansk 2010-08-12[47]
United Kingdom 38.5 °C (101.3 °F) Faversham, Kent 2003-08-10[48]
South America 49.1 °C (120.4 °F) Villa de María, Argentina 1920-01-02[49][1]
Brazil 44.7 °C (112.4 °F) Bom Jesus, Piauí 2005-11-21[50]
Uruguay 44 °C (111.2 °F) Paysandú, Paysandú Department 1943-01-20[51]
Antarctica 14.6 °C (59 °F) Vanda Station, Scott Coast 1974-01-05[1]
South Pole −13.6 °C (7.5 °F) Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station 1978-12-27[52]
†There are a few reports of temperatures higher than this during phenomena known as heat bursts, including a report of 87 °C (188 °F) in Abadan, Iran in June 1967. These temperatures have never been confirmed, and are not recognized as world records.[53]
‡On 16 January 1889, a temperature of 53 °C (128 °F) was recorded at Cloncurry, Queensland. It was measured with a non-standard thermometer, so it is unknown if this reading was valid or not.[1]

Other warm records

Cold

Lowest temperatures ever recorded

Temperature Location Date
Antarctica / On Earth −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) Vostok Station 1983-07-21[56][54][1]
East Antarctica −82.5 °C (−116.5 °F) Dome A July 2005[57]
South Pole −82.8 °C (−116.5 °F) Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station [58]
Asia −68 °C (−90 °F) Verkhoyansk and
Oymyakon, both in Sakha Republic, Russia 		1892-02-07
1933-02-06[1]
China −52.3 °C (−62.14 °F) Mohe County 1969-02-13[59]
India −33.9 °C (−27.4 °F) Ladakh 1911-03-22[9]
Iran −36 °C (−32.8 °F) Saqqez 1969[60]
Israel −13.7°C (8.24 °F) Beit Netofa Valley 1950-02-07[61]
Japan −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) Asahikawa, Hokkaidō 1902-01-25[10]
Singapore 19.4 °C (66.9 °F) Singapore 1934-01-31[11]
South Korea −32.6 °C (−26.7 °F) Yangpyeong 1981-01-05[13]
Turkey −46.4 °C (−51.5 °F) Van 1990-01-09[14]
North America −66.1 °C (−87 °F) North Ice, Greenland 1954-01-09[1]
Canada −63 °C (−81 °F) Snag, Yukon Territory, Canada 1947-02-03[54][1]
United States −62 °C (−80 °F) Prospect Creek, Alaska 1971-01-23[62]
Mexico −32 °C (−25.6 °F) Santa Barbara, Durango 1999[63]
Europe −58.1 °C (−72.6°F) Ust' Shchugor, Russia 1978-12-31[17]
Austria −37.4 °C (−38.6 °F) Sonnblick 1905-01-01[64]
Belarus −42.2 °C (−44.0 °F) Slavnom, Vitsebsk Voblast 1940-01-17[65]
Belgium −30.1 °C (−22.2 °F) Valley of the Lesse in Rochefort 1940-01-20[66]
Bulgaria −38.3 °C (−37 °F) Thrun 1947-01-25[19]
Croatia −35.5 °C (−31.5 °F) Čakovec 1929-02-03[20]
Czech Republic −42.2 °C (−44.0 °F) Litvínovice 1929-02-11[21]
Denmark −31.2 °C (−24.2 °F) Thisted Municipality, North Denmark Region 1982-01-08[22]
Estonia −43.5 °C (−46.0 °F) Jõgeva, Jõgeva County 1940-01-17[23]
Finland −51.5 °C (−60.7 °F) Kittilä, Lapland 1999-01-28[67]
France −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) Mouthe, Doubs 1985-01-17[68]
Germany −37.8 °C (−36.0 °F) Hüll, Pfaffenhofen, Bavaria 1929-02-12[26]
Greece −27.8 °C (−18.0 °F) Ptolemaida 1967-01-27[69]
Hungary −35.0 °C (−31.0 °F) Miskolc 1940-02-16[27]
Iceland −37.9 °C (−36.2 °F) Grímsstaðir 1918-01-21[28]
Ireland −19.1 °C (−2.4 °F) Markree Castle, County Sligo 1881-01-16[30]
Italy −34.6 °C (−30.3 °F) Plateau Rosa, Aosta Valley 1971-03-06[70]
Latvia −43.2 °C (−45.8 °C) Daugavpils 1956-02-08[32]
Lithuania −42.9 °C(−45.2 °F) Utena, Utena County 1956-02-01[33]
Macedonia −31.5 °C(−24.7 °F) Berovo, Berovo Municipality 1954-01-27[34]
Netherlands −27.4 °C (−17.3 °F) Winterswijk 1944-01-27[36]
Norway −51.4 °C (−60.5 °F) Karasjok, Finnmark 1886-01-01[37]
Poland −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) Siedlce, Masovian Voivodeship 1940-01-11[38]
Portugal −16.0 °C (3.2 °F) Penhas da Saúde
Miranda do Douro 		1945-01-16 and 1954-02-05[71]
Romania −38.5 °C (−37.3 °F) Bod, Braşov County 1942-01-25[40]
Serbia −39.5 °C (−39.1 °F) Karajukica Bunari, Zlatibor District 1985-01-13[41]
Slovakia −41.0 °C (−41.8 °F) Vigľaš-Pstruša 1929-02-11[72]
Slovenia −34.5 °C (−30.1 °F) Babno Polje 1956-02-15 / 1956-02-16 / 1968-01-13[43]
Spain −32.0 °C (−25.6 °F) Lake Estangento, Lérida 1956-02-02[44]
Sweden −52.6 °C (−62.7 °F) Vuoggatjålme, Norrbotten County 1966-02-02[45]
Switzerland −41.8 °C (−43.2 °F) La Brévine 1987-01-12[46]
Ukraine −41.9 °C (−43.4 °F) Luhansk 1935-02-08[73]
United Kingdom −27.2 °C (−17.0 °F) Braemar, Aberdeenshire
Altnaharra, Sutherland 		1895-02-11 and 1982-01-10
1995-12-30[48]
South America −40 °C (−40 °F) Pampa Alta Pass (Puesto Viejo), Aisén Region, Chile/ Chubut Province, Argentina 2002-06-21[74]
Brazil −14 °C (7 °F) Caçador, Santa Catarina 1975[75]
Uruguay −11 °C (12 °F) Melo, Cerro Largo Department 1967-06-14[51]
Africa −24 °C (−11 °F) Ifrane, Morocco 1935-02-11[1]
Lesotho −20.4 °C (−4.7 °F) Letseng-la-Draai (Letseng-la-Terae), Mokhotlong District 1967-06-12[76]
South Africa −18.6 °C (−1.5 °F) Buffelsfontein, near Molteno, Eastern Cape 1996-06-28[4]
Oceania −23 °C (−9.4 °F) Charlotte Pass, New South Wales, Australia 1994-06-29[77]
Hawaii −11.1 °C (12 °F) Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawaiʻi 1979-05-17[1]
New Zealand −21.6°C (−6.88 °F) Ophir, Central Otago 1995-07-03[78]

Other cold records

Precipitation

Rain

  • Most in one minute: 31.2 mm (1.23 in); Unionville, Maryland, United States, 4 July 1956.[17]
  • Most in 60 minutes: 305 mm (12.0 in) in 42 minutes. Holt, Missouri, United States, 22 June 1947.[17]
  • Most in 12 hours: 1,144 mm (45.0 in); Foc-Foc, Réunion, 8 January 1966, during tropical cyclone Denise.[17]
  • Most in 24 hours: 1,825 mm (71.9 in); Foc-Foc, Réunion, 7–8 January 1966 during tropical cyclone Denise.[17]
  • Most in 48 hours: 2,467 mm (97.1 in); Aurère, Réunion, 8–10 January 1958.[17]
  • Most in 72 hours: 3,929 mm (154.7 in); Commerson, Réunion, 24–26 February 2007.[17]
  • Most in 96 hours: 4,869 mm (191.7 in); Commerson, Réunion, 24–27 February 2007.[17]
  • Most in one year: 26,470 mm (1,042 in); Cherrapunji, India, 1860–1861.[17]
  • Highest average annual total: 11,872 mm (467.4 in); Mawsynram, India.[17]

Snow

Wind speed

Tornadoes

Main article: Tornado records
The Tri-State Tornado holds many records, including the longest known tornado track, fastest speed for a significant tornado, and the deadliest tornado outside of Bangladesh.

Deadliest in history

Outbreaks

  • Largest and most severe: The Super Outbreak: 148 tornadoes occurred in a span of 16 hours from 3 to 4 April 1974. They affected 13 US states and Ontario, Canada, and included 24 F4's and 6 F5's, more F5's than have been reported in any other year. There were also more significant tornadoes during that 24 hours than any other entire week on record.[54]

Tropical cyclones

Main article: List of tropical cyclone records

Most intense (by minimum surface air pressure)

Other severe weather

A picture of the Aurora, Nebraska hailstone, measured at 18.75 inches (47.6 cm) in circumference.

Hail

Lightning

Other categories

See also

References

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