Foreign-born population of the United Kingdom: Difference between revisions
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==Size of the foreign-born population== |
==Size of the foreign-born population== |
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At the time of the [[2001 UK Census| UK census]], conducted in April 2001, 8.3 per cent of the country's population were foreign-born.<ref name="1in12">{{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=1312|title=Foreign-born: 1 in 12 in UK born overseas|date=15 December 2005|publisher=Office for National Statistics|accessdate=16 February 2009}}</ref> This was substantially less than that of major immigration countries such as [[Australia]] (23 per cent), Canada (19.3 per cent) and the USA (12.3 per cent).<ref name="Rendall"/> In 2005, the foreign-born population was estimated at 9.1 per cent, compared to a [[European Union]] average of 8.6 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?id=402|title=Europe: Population and migration in 2005|first=Rainer|last=Muenz|publisher=Migration Policy Institute|date=June 2006|accessdate=14 December 2009}}</ref> The [[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]] recorded 7,337,139 foreign-born residents in [[England]], corresponding to 13.8 per cent of the population.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/briefings/england-census-profile|title=England: Census Profile|first1=Anna|last1=Krausova|first2=Carlos|last2=Vargas-Silva|publisher=Migration Observatory, University of Oxford|date=19 August 2014|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref> The foreign-born population of [[Wales]] was recorded as 167,871 (5.5 per cent),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/briefings/wales-census-profile|title=Wales: Census Profile|first1=Anna|last1=Krausova|first2=Carlos|last2=Vargas-Silva|publisher=Migration Observatory, University of Oxford|date=4 March 2014|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref> [[Scotland]]'s as 369,284 (7 per cent)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/briefings/scotland-census-profile|title=Scotland: Census Profile|first1=Anna|last1=Krausova|first2=Carlos|last2=Vargas-Silva|publisher=Migration Observatory, University of Oxford|date=3 December 2013|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref> and [[Northern Ireland]]'s as 119,186 (6.6 per cent),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/briefings/northern-ireland-census-profile|title=Northern Ireland: Census Profile|first1=Anna|last1=Krausova|first2=Carlos|last2=Vargas-Silva|publisher=Migration Observatory, University of Oxford|date=26 June 2014|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref> making the total foreign-born population of the UK 7,993,480.<ref name=2011UK>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/migration-great-britain-census-factsheet|title=Migration in Great Britain: Census factsheet|publisher=Migration Observatory, University of Oxford|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/2011censusunitedkingdomsubmissionforunitednationsquestionnaireonpopulationandhousingcensuses/part2/rfttable1_tcm77-392509.xls|title=Table 13a: Foreign-born population by continent/country of birth, age and sex - Both sexes|publisher=Office for National Statistics|date=21 January 2015|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref> Figures for each census since 1951 are given in the table below. |
At the time of the [[2001 UK Census| UK census]], conducted in April 2001, 8.3 per cent of the country's population were foreign-born.<ref name="1in12">{{cite web|url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=1312|title=Foreign-born: 1 in 12 in UK born overseas|date=15 December 2005|publisher=Office for National Statistics|accessdate=16 February 2009}}</ref> This was substantially less than that of major immigration countries such as [[Australia]] (23 per cent), Canada (19.3 per cent) and the USA (12.3 per cent).<ref name="Rendall"/> In 2005, the foreign-born population was estimated at 9.1 per cent, compared to a [[European Union]] average of 8.6 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?id=402 |title=Europe: Population and migration in 2005 |first=Rainer |last=Muenz |publisher=Migration Policy Institute |date=June 2006 |accessdate=14 December 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609075438/http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?ID=402 |archivedate=9 June 2008 |df=dmy }}</ref> The [[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]] recorded 7,337,139 foreign-born residents in [[England]], corresponding to 13.8 per cent of the population.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/briefings/england-census-profile|title=England: Census Profile|first1=Anna|last1=Krausova|first2=Carlos|last2=Vargas-Silva|publisher=Migration Observatory, University of Oxford|date=19 August 2014|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref> The foreign-born population of [[Wales]] was recorded as 167,871 (5.5 per cent),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/briefings/wales-census-profile|title=Wales: Census Profile|first1=Anna|last1=Krausova|first2=Carlos|last2=Vargas-Silva|publisher=Migration Observatory, University of Oxford|date=4 March 2014|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref> [[Scotland]]'s as 369,284 (7 per cent)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/briefings/scotland-census-profile|title=Scotland: Census Profile|first1=Anna|last1=Krausova|first2=Carlos|last2=Vargas-Silva|publisher=Migration Observatory, University of Oxford|date=3 December 2013|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref> and [[Northern Ireland]]'s as 119,186 (6.6 per cent),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/briefings/northern-ireland-census-profile|title=Northern Ireland: Census Profile|first1=Anna|last1=Krausova|first2=Carlos|last2=Vargas-Silva|publisher=Migration Observatory, University of Oxford|date=26 June 2014|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref> making the total foreign-born population of the UK 7,993,480.<ref name=2011UK>{{cite web|url=http://www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk/migration-great-britain-census-factsheet|title=Migration in Great Britain: Census factsheet|publisher=Migration Observatory, University of Oxford|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/2011censusunitedkingdomsubmissionforunitednationsquestionnaireonpopulationandhousingcensuses/part2/rfttable1_tcm77-392509.xls|title=Table 13a: Foreign-born population by continent/country of birth, age and sex - Both sexes|publisher=Office for National Statistics|date=21 January 2015|accessdate=4 July 2016}}</ref> Figures for each census since 1951 are given in the table below. |
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A 2010 estimate for the whole of the UK shows that 4.76 million people (7.7 per cent) were born outside the EU and 2.24 million (3.6 per cent) were born in another EU member state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-11-034/EN/KS-SF-11-034-EN.PDF|title=6.5% of the EU population are foreigners and 9.4% are born abroad|publisher=Eurostat|first=Katya|last=Vasileva|year=2011|accessdate=11 April 2012}}</ref> |
A 2010 estimate for the whole of the UK shows that 4.76 million people (7.7 per cent) were born outside the EU and 2.24 million (3.6 per cent) were born in another EU member state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-11-034/EN/KS-SF-11-034-EN.PDF |title=6.5% of the EU population are foreigners and 9.4% are born abroad |publisher=Eurostat |first=Katya |last=Vasileva |year=2011 |accessdate=11 April 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120128101046/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-SF-11-034/EN/KS-SF-11-034-EN.PDF |archivedate=28 January 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref> |
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The [[Office for National Statistics]] produces annual estimates of the size of the UK population by country of birth, based on the [[Annual Population Survey]]. The estimates for 2014 show that one in eight (13 per cent) of the usual resident population were born overseas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/internationalmigration/articles/populationbycountryofbirthandnationalityreport/2015-09-27|title=Population by Country of Birth and Nationality Report: August 2015|publisher=Office for National Statistics|date=27 August 2015|accessdate=5 July 2016}}</ref> |
The [[Office for National Statistics]] produces annual estimates of the size of the UK population by country of birth, based on the [[Annual Population Survey]]. The estimates for 2014 show that one in eight (13 per cent) of the usual resident population were born overseas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/internationalmigration/articles/populationbycountryofbirthandnationalityreport/2015-09-27|title=Population by Country of Birth and Nationality Report: August 2015|publisher=Office for National Statistics|date=27 August 2015|accessdate=5 July 2016}}</ref> |
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==Countries of origin== |
==Countries of origin== |
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The table below lists the places of birth of UK residents according to the 2001 Census, as reported by the [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]].<ref name=OECD>{{cite web|url=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/18/23/34792376.xls|title=Country-of-birth database|publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]]|accessdate=21 September 2008}}</ref> The table also lists population estimates of the foreign-born population for the top 60 foreign countries of birth in the period January 2010 to December 2010, published by the [[Office for National Statistics]].<ref name="2010 estimates">{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/migration1/migration-statistics-quarterly-report/august-2011/population-by-country-of-birth-and-nationality-jan10-dec10.xls| title=Table 1.3: Estimated population resident in the United Kingdom, by foreign country of birth, January 2010 to December 2010| publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]] | accessdate=4 September 2010}}</ref><ref name="Ellis">{{cite journal|last=Ellis|first=Amy|year=2009|title=UK resident population by country of birth|journal=Population Trends|pages=20–28|url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/articles/population_trends/PT135POPCOBARTICLE.pdf|pmid=19391440|issue=135|doi=10.1057/pt.2009.5|volume=135}}</ref> |
The table below lists the places of birth of UK residents according to the 2001 Census, as reported by the [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]].<ref name=OECD>{{cite web|url=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/18/23/34792376.xls |title=Country-of-birth database |publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]] |accessdate=21 September 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090617032129/http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/18/23/34792376.xls |archivedate=17 June 2009 |df=dmy }}</ref> The table also lists population estimates of the foreign-born population for the top 60 foreign countries of birth in the period January 2010 to December 2010, published by the [[Office for National Statistics]].<ref name="2010 estimates">{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/migration1/migration-statistics-quarterly-report/august-2011/population-by-country-of-birth-and-nationality-jan10-dec10.xls| title=Table 1.3: Estimated population resident in the United Kingdom, by foreign country of birth, January 2010 to December 2010| publisher=[[Office for National Statistics]] | accessdate=4 September 2010}}</ref><ref name="Ellis">{{cite journal|last=Ellis|first=Amy|year=2009|title=UK resident population by country of birth|journal=Population Trends|pages=20–28|url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/articles/population_trends/PT135POPCOBARTICLE.pdf|pmid=19391440|issue=135|doi=10.1057/pt.2009.5|volume=135}}</ref> |
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In 2001, the five most common foreign countries of birth were the [[Republic of Ireland]], [[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Germany]] and the [[United States]] respectively.<ref name=OECD/> In 2010, the most common foreign countries of birth were [[India]], [[Poland]] (up from 18th in 2001), Pakistan, the Republic of Ireland and Germany respectively. The United States dropped to eighth place behind [[South Africa]] and [[Bangladesh]], despite growth in the size of the US-born population.<ref name="2010 estimates"/> |
In 2001, the five most common foreign countries of birth were the [[Republic of Ireland]], [[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Germany]] and the [[United States]] respectively.<ref name=OECD/> In 2010, the most common foreign countries of birth were [[India]], [[Poland]] (up from 18th in 2001), Pakistan, the Republic of Ireland and Germany respectively. The United States dropped to eighth place behind [[South Africa]] and [[Bangladesh]], despite growth in the size of the US-born population.<ref name="2010 estimates"/> |
Revision as of 19:20, 2 January 2017
![]() | This article needs to be updated.(April 2014) |
The foreign-born population of the United Kingdom includes immigrants from a wide range of countries who are resident in the United Kingdom. In the period January 2010 to December 2010, there were 19 foreign-born groups that consisted of at least 100,000 individuals residing in the UK (people originating from Australia, Bangladesh, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Republic of Ireland, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, United States and Zimbabwe).[1]
Size of the foreign-born population
At the time of the UK census, conducted in April 2001, 8.3 per cent of the country's population were foreign-born.[2] This was substantially less than that of major immigration countries such as Australia (23 per cent), Canada (19.3 per cent) and the USA (12.3 per cent).[3] In 2005, the foreign-born population was estimated at 9.1 per cent, compared to a European Union average of 8.6 per cent.[4] The 2011 census recorded 7,337,139 foreign-born residents in England, corresponding to 13.8 per cent of the population.[5] The foreign-born population of Wales was recorded as 167,871 (5.5 per cent),[6] Scotland's as 369,284 (7 per cent)[7] and Northern Ireland's as 119,186 (6.6 per cent),[8] making the total foreign-born population of the UK 7,993,480.[9][10] Figures for each census since 1951 are given in the table below.
A 2010 estimate for the whole of the UK shows that 4.76 million people (7.7 per cent) were born outside the EU and 2.24 million (3.6 per cent) were born in another EU member state.[11]
The Office for National Statistics produces annual estimates of the size of the UK population by country of birth, based on the Annual Population Survey. The estimates for 2014 show that one in eight (13 per cent) of the usual resident population were born overseas.[12]
Census | Foreign-born population |
Percentage increase over previous decade |
Percentage of total population |
---|---|---|---|
1951[3] | 2,118,600 | 4.2 | |
1961[3] | 2,573,500 | 21.5 | 4.9 |
1971[3] | 3,190,300 | 24.0 | 5.8 |
1981[3] | 3,429,100 | 7.5 | 6.2 |
1991[3] | 3,835,400 | 11.8 | 6.7 |
2001[3] | 4,896,600 | 27.7 | 8.3 |
2011[9] | 7,993,480 | 63.0 | 12.7 |
Countries of origin
The table below lists the places of birth of UK residents according to the 2001 Census, as reported by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.[13] The table also lists population estimates of the foreign-born population for the top 60 foreign countries of birth in the period January 2010 to December 2010, published by the Office for National Statistics.[1][14]
In 2001, the five most common foreign countries of birth were the Republic of Ireland, India, Pakistan, Germany and the United States respectively.[13] In 2010, the most common foreign countries of birth were India, Poland (up from 18th in 2001), Pakistan, the Republic of Ireland and Germany respectively. The United States dropped to eighth place behind South Africa and Bangladesh, despite growth in the size of the US-born population.[1]
The period between 2001 and 2010 saw significant change in the UK's foreign-born population. In particular, the 2004 and 2007 enlargements of the European Union have led to mass migration from Bulgaria, Latvia, Romania, Poland, Slovakia and Lithuania.[1] The number of Poland-born people resident in the UK increased from 60,711 in 2001 to an estimated 532,000 in the year to December 2010, whilst the population born in Lithuania increased from 4,363 to an estimated 87,000.[1] The most significant decrease in a foreign-born population resident in the UK between 2001 and 2010 is in the number of those originating from the Republic of Ireland. Whereas in 2001, 533,901 people born in the Republic of Ireland were resident in the UK, this is estimated to have declined to 405,000 by 2010.[1]
Institute for Public Policy Research analysis
In 2005 the Institute for Public Policy Research published an analysis of data from the 2001 Census, revealing the number of people included in the census who were born outside the British Isles, where they lived, and comparing this information against the 1991 Census.[16] The results were made available on the BBC website.[17] Note that this data refers to Great Britain only, rather than the whole of the UK, because of the lack of digital boundaries in the census data for Northern Ireland.[16]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Table 1.3: Estimated population resident in the United Kingdom, by foreign country of birth, January 2010 to December 2010". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 4 September 2010.
- ^ "Foreign-born: 1 in 12 in UK born overseas". Office for National Statistics. 15 December 2005. Retrieved 16 February 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g Rendall, Michael; Salt, John (2005). "The foreign-born population". In Office for National Statistics (ed.). Focus on People and Migration: 2005 edition (PDF). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 131–152. ISBN 1-4039-9327-0.
- ^ Muenz, Rainer (June 2006). "Europe: Population and migration in 2005". Migration Policy Institute. Archived from the original on 9 June 2008. Retrieved 14 December 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Krausova, Anna; Vargas-Silva, Carlos (19 August 2014). "England: Census Profile". Migration Observatory, University of Oxford. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
- ^ Krausova, Anna; Vargas-Silva, Carlos (4 March 2014). "Wales: Census Profile". Migration Observatory, University of Oxford. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
- ^ Krausova, Anna; Vargas-Silva, Carlos (3 December 2013). "Scotland: Census Profile". Migration Observatory, University of Oxford. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
- ^ Krausova, Anna; Vargas-Silva, Carlos (26 June 2014). "Northern Ireland: Census Profile". Migration Observatory, University of Oxford. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
- ^ a b "Migration in Great Britain: Census factsheet". Migration Observatory, University of Oxford. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
- ^ "Table 13a: Foreign-born population by continent/country of birth, age and sex - Both sexes". Office for National Statistics. 21 January 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2016.
- ^ Vasileva, Katya (2011). "6.5% of the EU population are foreigners and 9.4% are born abroad" (PDF). Eurostat. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 January 2012. Retrieved 11 April 2012.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Population by Country of Birth and Nationality Report: August 2015". Office for National Statistics. 27 August 2015. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
- ^ a b "Country-of-birth database". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Archived from the original on 17 June 2009. Retrieved 21 September 2008.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Ellis, Amy (2009). "UK resident population by country of birth" (PDF). Population Trends. 135 (135): 20–28. doi:10.1057/pt.2009.5. PMID 19391440.
- ^ "Trends in International Migrant Stock: Migrants by Destination and Origin (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015)". United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2015. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
- ^ a b Kyambi, Sarah (2005). Beyond Black and White: Mapping new immigrant communities. London: Institute for Public Policy Research. ISBN 1-86030-284-X.
- ^ "Introduction and figures for Britain". Born Abroad: An immigration map of Britain. BBC News. 7 September 2005. Retrieved 16 February 2009.