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List of presidents of the United States

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"Presidents of the United States" and "US Presidents" redirect here. For other uses, see President of the United States (disambiguation).

The President of the United States is the head of state and the head of government of the United States. As chief of the executive branch and head of the federal government as a whole, the Presidency is the highest political office in the United States by influence and recognition. The President is also the Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. armed forces. The President is indirectly elected to a four year term by an Electoral College. Since the ratification of the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1951, no person may be elected to the office of the President more than twice.[1] This list includes only those persons who were sworn into office as President following the ratification of the United States Constitution, which took effect in 1789. For American leaders prior to this ratification, see President of the Continental Congress. The list does not include any Acting Presidents under the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

There have been 42 people sworn into office, and 43 Presidencies, due to the fact that Grover Cleveland served two non-consecutive terms and is counted chronologically as both the 22nd and the 24th President. Of the individuals elected as President, four died in office of natural causes, one resigned, and four were assassinated. The first President was George Washington, who was inaugurated in 1789 after a unanimous Electoral College vote. William Henry Harrison spent the shortest time in office at 32 days. At over twelve years, Franklin D. Roosevelt spent the longest time in office, and is the only President to serve more than two terms. The current incumbent President is George W. Bush, who is serving his second term. His term is scheduled to end with Inauguration Day on January 20, 2009 when President-elect Barack Obama is sworn in.[2]

Presidents

  Federalist   Democratic-Republican   Democratic   Whig   Republican.


#[*] President Took office Left office Party Vice President Term[*]
1 George Washington April 30, 1789 March 4, 1797 No party John Adams 1
2
2 John Adams March 4, 1797 March 4, 1801 Federalist Thomas Jefferson 3
3 File:Tj3.gif Thomas Jefferson March 4, 1801 March 4, 1809 Democratic-Republican Aaron Burr 4
George Clinton 5
4 James Madison March 4, 1809 March 4, 1817 Democratic-Republican George Clinton[D] 6
vacant
Elbridge Gerry[D] 7
vacant
5 James Monroe March 4, 1817 March 4, 1825 Democratic-Republican Daniel D. Tompkins 8
9
6 File:Ja6.gif John Quincy Adams March 4, 1825 March 4, 1829 Democratic-Republican
National Republican 		John C. Calhoun 10
7 File:Andrew jackson head.gif Andrew Jackson March 4, 1829 March 4, 1837 Democratic John C. Calhoun[R] 11
vacant
Martin Van Buren 12
8 Martin Van Buren March 4, 1837 March 4, 1841 Democratic Richard Mentor Johnson 13
9 File:Wh9.gif William Henry Harrison March 4, 1841 April 4, 1841[D] Whig John Tyler 14
10 John Tyler April 4, 1841 March 4, 1845 Whig
No party[N] 		vacant
11 File:Jp11.gif James K. Polk March 4, 1845 March 4, 1849 Democratic George M. Dallas 15
12 Zachary Taylor March 4, 1849 July 9, 1850[D] Whig Millard Fillmore 16
13 Millard Fillmore July 9, 1850 March 4, 1853 Whig vacant
14 File:美国总统皮尔斯.gif Franklin Pierce March 4, 1853 March 4, 1857 Democratic William R. King[D] 17
vacant
15 James Buchanan March 4, 1857 March 4, 1861 Democratic John C. Breckinridge 18
16 Abraham Lincoln March 4, 1861 April 15, 1865[A] Republican
National Union[U] 		Hannibal Hamlin 19
Andrew Johnson 20
17 Andrew Johnson April 15, 1865 March 4, 1869 Democratic
National Union[U] 		vacant
18 Ulysses S. Grant March 4, 1869 March 4, 1877 Republican Schuyler Colfax 21
Henry Wilson[D] 22
vacant
19 Rutherford B. Hayes March 4, 1877 March 4, 1881 Republican William A. Wheeler 23
20 James A. Garfield March 4, 1881 September 19, 1881[A] Republican Chester A. Arthur 24
21 Chester A. Arthur September 19, 1881 March 4, 1885 Republican vacant
22 Grover Cleveland March 4, 1885 March 4, 1889 Democratic Thomas A. Hendricks[D] 25
vacant
23 Benjamin Harrison March 4, 1889 March 4, 1893 Republican Levi P. Morton 26
24 Grover Cleveland
(2nd term) 		March 4, 1893 March 4, 1897 Democratic Adlai E. Stevenson I 27
25 William McKinley March 4, 1897 September 14, 1901[A] Republican Garret Hobart[D] 28
vacant
Theodore Roosevelt 29
26 Theodore Roosevelt September 14, 1901 March 4, 1909 Republican vacant
Charles W. Fairbanks 30
27 William Howard Taft March 4, 1909 March 4, 1913 Republican James S. Sherman[D] 31
vacant
28 Woodrow Wilson March 4, 1913 March 4, 1921 Democratic Thomas R. Marshall 32
33
29 Warren G. Harding March 4, 1921 August 2, 1923[D] Republican Calvin Coolidge 34
30 Calvin Coolidge August 2, 1923 March 4, 1929 Republican vacant
Charles G. Dawes 35
31 File:Hhover.gif Herbert Hoover March 4, 1929 March 4, 1933 Republican Charles Curtis 36
32 File:Fr32.gif Franklin D. Roosevelt March 4, 1933 April 12, 1945[D] Democratic John Nance Garner 37
38
Henry A. Wallace 39
Harry S. Truman 40
33 Harry S. Truman April 12, 1945 January 20, 1953 Democratic vacant
Alben W. Barkley 41
34 Dwight D. Eisenhower January 20, 1953 January 20, 1961 Republican Richard Nixon 42
43
35 John F. Kennedy January 20, 1961 November 22, 1963[A] Democratic Lyndon B. Johnson 44
36 File:Lyndon B. Johnson - portrait.gif Lyndon B. Johnson November 22, 1963 January 20, 1969 Democratic vacant
Hubert Humphrey 45
37 Richard Nixon January 20, 1969 August 9, 1974[R] Republican Spiro Agnew[R] 46
47
vacant
Gerald Ford
38 File:Gerald R. Ford - portrait.gif Gerald Ford August 9, 1974 January 20, 1977 Republican vacant
Nelson Rockefeller
39 File:James E. Carter - portrait.gif Jimmy Carter January 20, 1977 January 20, 1981 Democratic Walter Mondale 48
40 File:REAGANWH.jpg Ronald Reagan January 20, 1981 January 20, 1989 Republican George H. W. Bush 49
50
41 File:George H. W. Bush - portrait.gif George H. W. Bush January 20, 1989 January 20, 1993 Republican Dan Quayle 51
42 File:Clinton.jpg Bill Clinton January 20, 1993 January 20, 2001 Democratic Al Gore 52
53
43 File:Bushportrait.jpg George W. Bush January 20, 2001 Incumbent Republican Dick Cheney 54
55

President-elect

President-elect Elected Term begins Elected Term ends Party Vice President-elect Term[*]
(44)   Barack Obama     January 20, 2009     present     Democratic   Joe Biden 56

Notes

  • The numerals indicate the consecutive time in office served by a single person. For example, George Washington served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first President (not the first and second). Gerald Ford assumed the Presidency after the resignation of Richard Nixon, serving out the remainder of what would have been Nixon's second term. The fact that Ford was not voted into office does not affect the numbering, which makes him the 38th President. Also, under this numbering Grover Cleveland is counted twice, having served non-consecutive terms.
  • D Died in office of natural causes.
  • R Resigned.
  • A Assassinated.
  • N Former Democrat who ran for Vice President on Whig ticket. Clashed with Whig congressional leaders and was expelled from the Whig party in 1841.
  • U Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson were, respectively, a Republican and a Democrat who ran on the National Union ticket in 1864.

See also

References

  1. ^ "The Constitution: Amendments 11-27". U.S. National Archives & Records Administration. Retrieved 2008-10-01.
  2. ^ "Inauguration Day is January 20, 2009". Rules Committee. Retrieved 2008-10-01.

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