Jump to content

List of presidents of the United States

Edit links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Neveselbert (talk | contribs) at 05:10, 20 August 2016 (→‎See also: WP:PSEUDOHEAD). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

"Presidents of the United States", "American Presidents", and "U.S. Presidents" redirect here. For the C-SPAN series, see American Presidents: Life Portraits. For other uses, see President of the United States (disambiguation).
The White House in Washington, D.C. is the official residence of the President, headquarters of the executive branch, and a prominent symbol of the office.
The official Seal of the President of the United States.

The President of the United States is the elected head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces. The president is indirectly elected to a four-year term by the people through an Electoral College (or by the House of Representatives, should the Electoral College fail to award an absolute majority of votes to any person). Since the ratification of the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1951, no person may be elected president more than twice, and no one who has served more than two years of a term to which someone else was elected may be elected more than once.[1] Dwight Eisenhower is the first president to have been legally prohibited from seeking a third term. Upon the death, resignation, or removal from office of an incumbent president, the vice president assumes the office. The president must be at least 35 years of age, has to have lived in the United States for 14 years, and has to be a "natural born" citizen of the United States.

This list includes only those persons who were sworn into office as president following the ratification of the United States Constitution, which took effect on March 4, 1789. For American leaders before this ratification, see President of the Continental Congress.[2] The list does not include any acting presidents under the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

There have been 43 people sworn into office, and 44 presidencies, as Grover Cleveland served two non-consecutive terms and is counted chronologically as both the 22nd and 24th president. Of the individuals elected as president, four died in office of natural causes (William Henry Harrison,[3] Zachary Taylor,[4] Warren G. Harding,[5] and Franklin D. Roosevelt), four were assassinated (Abraham Lincoln,[6] James A. Garfield,[6][7] William McKinley,[8] and John F. Kennedy) and one resigned (Richard Nixon).[9]

George Washington, the first president, was inaugurated in 1789 after a unanimous vote of the Electoral College. William Henry Harrison spent the shortest time in office with 32 days in 1841. Franklin D. Roosevelt spent the longest with over twelve years, but died shortly into his fourth term in 1945; he is the only president to have served more than two terms. Four presidents—John Q. Adams, Rutherford B. Hayes, Benjamin Harrison, and George W. Bush—lost the popular vote but assumed office; Bush was subsequently re-elected with a popular majority.

John Tyler was the first vice president to assume the presidency intra-term, and set the precedent that a vice president who does so becomes the fully functioning president with his own presidency, as opposed to a caretaker president. The Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution put Tyler's precedent into law in 1967. This constitutional amendment also established a mechanism by which an intra-term vacancy in the vice presidency could be filled. Richard Nixon was the first president to fill a vacancy under this Provision when he appointed Gerald Ford to the office. Later, Ford became the second to do so when he appointed Nelson Rockefeller to succeed him. Previously, an intra-term vacancy was left I filled.

List of presidents

  Nonpartisan     Federalist     Democratic-Republican     Democratic     Whig     Republican
President Presidency[a] Party Election Previous service Vice President
1 George Washington
1732–1799
(Lived: 67 years)
[10][11][12] 		April 30, 1789
[b]
–
March 4, 1797 		  Nonpartisan
[13] 		1
(1788–89) 		Commander-in-Chief
of the
Continental Army
(1775–83) 		John Adams
[c][d]
2
(1792)
2 John Adams
1735–1826
(Lived: 90 years)
[14][15][16] 		March 4, 1797
–
March 4, 1801 		  Federalist 3
(1796) 		1st
Vice President of the United States 		Thomas Jefferson
[e]
3 Thomas Jefferson
1743–1826
(Lived: 83 years)
[17][18][19] 		March 4, 1801
–
March 4, 1809 		  Democratic-
Republican 		4
(1800) 		2nd
Vice President of the United States 		Aaron Burr
March 4, 1801 – March 4, 1805
5
(1804) 		George Clinton
March 4, 1805 – March 4, 1809
4 James Madison
1751–1836
(Lived: 85 years)
[20][21][22] 		March 4, 1809
–
March 4, 1817 		  Democratic-
Republican 		6
(1808) 		5th
United States Secretary of State
(1801–09) 		George Clinton
March 4, 1809 – April 20, 1812
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Clinton's 2nd term)
7
(1812) 		Elbridge Gerry
March 4, 1813 – November 23, 1814
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Gerry's term)
5 James Monroe
1758–1831
(Lived: 73 years)
[23][24][25] 		March 4, 1817
–
March 4, 1825 		  Democratic-
Republican 		8
(1816) 		7th
United States Secretary of State
(1811–17) 		Daniel D. Tompkins
9
(1820)
6 John Quincy Adams
1767–1848
(Lived: 80 years)
[26][27][28] 		March 4, 1825
–
March 4, 1829
   Democratic-
Republican 		10
(1824) 		8th
United States Secretary of State
(1817–25) 		John C. Calhoun
7 Andrew Jackson
1767–1845
(Lived: 78 years)
[29][30][31] 		March 4, 1829
–
March 4, 1837 		  Democratic 11
(1828) 		U.S. Senator from Tennessee
(1823–25) 		John C. Calhoun
March 4, 1829 – December 28, 1832
(Resigned from office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Calhoun's term)
12
(1832) 		Martin Van Buren
March 4, 1833 – March 4, 1837
8 Martin Van Buren
1782–1862
(Lived: 79 years)
[32][33][34] 		March 4, 1837
–
March 4, 1841 		  Democratic 13
(1836) 		8th
Vice President of the United States 		Richard Mentor Johnson
9 William Henry Harrison
1773–1841
(Lived: 68 years)
[35][36][37] 		March 4, 1841
–
April 4, 1841
(Died in office) 		  Whig 14
(1840) 		United States Minister to Colombia
(1828–29) 		John Tyler
[f]
10 John Tyler
1790–1862
(Lived: 71 years)
[38][39][40] 		April 4, 1841
–
March 4, 1845 		  Whig
April 4, 1841 – September 13, 1841 		10th
Vice President of the United States 		Office vacant
  Independent
September 13, 1841 – March 4, 1845
[g]
11 James K. Polk
1795–1849
(Lived: 53 years)
[41][42][43] 		March 4, 1845
–
March 4, 1849 		  Democratic 15
(1844) 		9th
Governor of Tennessee
(1839–41) 		George M. Dallas
12 Zachary Taylor
1784–1850
(Lived: 65 years)
[44][45][46] 		March 4, 1849
–
July 9, 1850
(Died in office) 		  Whig 16
(1848) 		Major General of the 1st Infantry Regiment
United States Army
(1846–49) 		Millard Fillmore
[f]
13 Millard Fillmore
1800–1874
(Lived: 74 years)
[47][48][49] 		July 9, 1850
–
March 4, 1853 		  Whig 12th
Vice President of the United States 		Office vacant
14 Franklin Pierce
1804–1869
(Lived: 64 years)
[50][51][52] 		March 4, 1853
–
March 4, 1857 		  Democratic 17
(1852) 		Brigadier General of the 9th Infantry
United States Army
(1847–48) 		William R. King
March 4 – April 18, 1853
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of King's term)
15 James Buchanan
1791–1868
(Lived: 77 years)
[53][54][55] 		March 4, 1857
–
March 4, 1861 		  Democratic 18
(1856) 		United States Minister to the
Court of St James's
(1853–56) 		John C. Breckinridge
16 Abraham Lincoln
1809–1865
(Lived: 56 years)
[56][57][58] 		March 4, 1861
–
April 15, 1865
(Died in office) 		  Republican
(National Union)
[h] 		19
(1860) 		U.S. Representative for Illinois' 7th
(1847–49) 		Hannibal Hamlin
March 4, 1861 – March 4, 1865
20
(1864) 		Andrew Johnson
March 4 – April 15, 1865
[f]
17 Andrew Johnson
1808–1875
(Lived: 66 years)
[59][60][61] 		April 15, 1865
–
March 4, 1869 		  Democratic
(National Union)
[h]
Unaffiliated
[i] 		16th
Vice President of the United States 		Office vacant
18 Ulysses S. Grant
1822–1885
(Lived: 63 years)
[62][63][64] 		March 4, 1869
–
March 4, 1877 		  Republican 21
(1868) 		Commanding General of the U.S. Army
(1864–69) 		Schuyler Colfax
March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1873
22
(1872) 		Henry Wilson
March 4, 1873 – November 22, 1875
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Wilson's term)
19 Rutherford B. Hayes
1822–1893
(Lived: 70 years)
[65][66][67] 		March 4, 1877
–
March 4, 1881 		  Republican 23
(1876) 		32nd
Governor of Ohio
(1868–72 & 1876–77) 		William A. Wheeler
20 James A. Garfield
1831–1881
(Lived: 49 years)
[68][69][70] 		March 4, 1881
–
September 19, 1881
(Died in office) 		  Republican 24
(1880) 		U.S. Representative for Ohio's 19th
(1863–81) 		Chester A. Arthur
[f]
21 Chester A. Arthur
1829–1886
(Lived: 57 years)
[71][72][73] 		September 19, 1881
–
March 4, 1885 		  Republican 20th
Vice President of the United States 		Office vacant
22 Grover Cleveland
1837–1908
(Lived: 71 years)
[74][75] 		March 4, 1885
–
March 4, 1889 		  Democratic 25
(1884) 		28th
Governor of New York
(1883–85) 		Thomas A. Hendricks
March 4 – November 25, 1885
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Hendricks' term)
23 Benjamin Harrison
1833–1901
(Lived: 67 years)
[76][77][78] 		March 4, 1889
–
March 4, 1893 		  Republican 26
(1888) 		U.S. Senator from Indiana
(1881–87) 		Levi P. Morton
24 Grover Cleveland
1837–1908
(Lived: 71 years)
[74][75] 		March 4, 1893
–
March 4, 1897 		  Democratic 27
(1892) 		22nd
President of the United States
(1885–89) 		Adlai Stevenson
25 William McKinley
1843–1901
(Lived: 58 years)
[79][80][81] 		March 4, 1897
–
September 14, 1901
(Died in office) 		  Republican 28
(1896) 		39th
Governor of Ohio
(1892–96) 		Garret Hobart
March 4, 1897 – November 21, 1899
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Hobart's term)
29
(1900) 		Theodore Roosevelt
March 4 – September 14, 1901
[f]
26 Theodore Roosevelt
1858–1919
(Lived: 60 years)
[82][83][84] 		September 14, 1901
–
March 4, 1909 		  Republican 25th
Vice President of the United States 		Office vacant
September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1905
30
(1904) 		Charles W. Fairbanks
March 4, 1905 – March 4, 1909
27 William Howard Taft
1857–1930
(Lived: 72 years)
[85][86][87] 		March 4, 1909
–
March 4, 1913 		  Republican 31
(1908) 		42nd
United States Secretary of War
(1904–08) 		James S. Sherman
March 4, 1909 – October 30, 1912
(Died in office)
Office vacant
(Balance of Sherman's term)
28 Woodrow Wilson
1856–1924
(Lived: 67 years)
[88][89][90] 		March 4, 1913
–
March 4, 1921 		  Democratic 32
(1912) 		34th
Governor of New Jersey
(1911–13) 		Thomas R. Marshall
33
(1916)
29 Warren G. Harding
1865–1923
(Lived: 57 years)
[91][92][93] 		March 4, 1921
–
August 2, 1923
(Died in office) 		  Republican 34
(1920) 		U.S. Senator from Ohio
(1915–21) 		Calvin Coolidge
[f]
30 Calvin Coolidge
1872–1933
(Lived: 60 years)
[94][95][96] 		August 2, 1923
–
March 4, 1929 		  Republican 29th
Vice President of the United States 		Office vacant
August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1925
35
(1924) 		Charles G. Dawes
March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1929
31 Herbert Hoover
1874–1964
(Lived: 90 years)
[97][98][99] 		March 4, 1929
–
March 4, 1933 		  Republican 36
(1928) 		3rd
United States Secretary of Commerce
(1921–28) 		Charles Curtis
32 Franklin D. Roosevelt
1882–1945
(Lived: 63 years)
[100][101][102] 		March 4, 1933
–
April 12, 1945
(Died in office) 		  Democratic 37
(1932) 		44th
Governor of New York
(1929–32) 		John Nance Garner
March 4, 1933 – January 20, 1941
[j]
38
(1936)
39
(1940) 		Henry A. Wallace
January 20, 1941 – January 20, 1945
40
(1944) 		Harry S. Truman
January 20 – April 12, 1945
[f]
33 Harry S. Truman
1884–1972
(Lived: 88 years)
[103][104][105] 		April 12, 1945
–
January 20, 1953 		  Democratic 34th
Vice President of the United States 		Office vacant
April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1949
41
(1948) 		Alben W. Barkley
January 20, 1949 – January 20, 1953
34 Dwight D. Eisenhower
1890–1969
(Lived: 78 years)
[106][107][108] 		January 20, 1953
–
January 20, 1961 		  Republican 42
(1952) 		Supreme Allied Commander Europe
(1949–52) 		Richard Nixon
43
(1956)
35 John F. Kennedy
1917–1963
(Lived: 46 years)
[109][110][111] 		January 20, 1961
–
November 22, 1963
(Died in office) 		  Democratic 44
(1960) 		U.S. Senator from Massachusetts
(1953–60) 		Lyndon B. Johnson
[f]
36 Lyndon B. Johnson
1908–1973
(Lived: 64 years)
[112][113] 		November 22, 1963
–
January 20, 1969 		  Democratic 37th
Vice President of the United States 		Office vacant
November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1965
45
(1964) 		Hubert Humphrey
January 20, 1965 – January 20, 1969
37 Richard Nixon
1913–1994
(Lived: 81 years)
[114][115][116] 		January 20, 1969
–
August 9, 1974
(Resigned from office) 		  Republican 46
(1968) 		36th
Vice President of the United States
(1953–61) 		Spiro Agnew
January 20, 1969 – October 10, 1973
(Resigned from office)
47
(1972)
Office vacant
October 10 – December 6, 1973
Gerald Ford
December 6, 1973 – August 9, 1974
[f]
38 Gerald Ford
1913–2006
(Lived: 93 years)
[117][118][119] 		August 9, 1974
–
January 20, 1977 		  Republican 40th
Vice President of the United States 		Office vacant
August 9 – December 19, 1974
Nelson Rockefeller
December 19, 1974 – January 20, 1977
39 Jimmy Carter
Born 1924
(99 years old)
[120][121][122] 		January 20, 1977
–
January 20, 1981 		  Democratic 48
(1976) 		76th
Governor of Georgia
(1971–75) 		Walter Mondale
40 Ronald Reagan
1911–2004
(Lived: 93 years)
[123][124][125] 		January 20, 1981
–
January 20, 1989 		  Republican 49
(1980) 		33rd
Governor of California
(1967–75) 		George H. W. Bush
50
(1984)
41 George H. W. Bush
Born 1924
(100 years old)
[126][127][128] 		January 20, 1989
–
January 20, 1993 		  Republican 51
(1988) 		43rd
Vice President of the United States 		Dan Quayle
42 Bill Clinton
Born 1946
(77 years old)
[129][130][131] 		January 20, 1993
–
January 20, 2001 		  Democratic 52
(1992) 		40th & 42nd
Governor of Arkansas
(1979–81 & 1983–92) 		Al Gore
53
(1996)
43 George W. Bush
Born 1946
(78 years old)
[132][133] 		January 20, 2001
–
January 20, 2009 		  Republican 54
(2000) 		46th
Governor of Texas
(1995–2000) 		Dick Cheney
55
(2004)
44 Barack Obama
Born 1961
(62 years old)
[134][135] 		January 20, 2009
–
Incumbent 		  Democratic 56
(2008) 		U.S. Senator from Illinois
(2005–08) 		Joe Biden
57
(2012)

Living former presidents

Presently, there are four living former presidents. The most recent death of a former president was that of Gerald Ford (served 1974–77) on December 26, 2006 (aged 93 years, 165 days). The most recently serving president to die was Ronald Reagan (served 1981–89) on June 5, 2004 (aged 93 years, 120 days).

Living as of July 2024
President Term of office Date of birth
39 Jimmy Carter 1977–1981 (1924-10-01) October 1, 1924 (age 99)
41 George H. W. Bush 1989–1993 (1924-06-12) June 12, 1924 (age 100)
42 Bill Clinton 1993–2001 (1946-08-19) August 19, 1946 (age 77)
43 George W. Bush 2001–2009 (1946-07-06) July 6, 1946 (age 78)

From left: President Obama stands alongside each of the living former U.S. Presidents in descending order of service, at the dedication of the George W. Bush Presidential Center at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas, in April 2013
President Barack Obama pauses with former Presidents George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George H.W. Bush, and Jimmy Carter during the dedication of the George W. Bush Presidential Center at the George W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum on the campus of Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas, April 25, 2013. (Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)

Timeline

Further information: Timeline of Presidents of the United States

See also

Presidencies

Notes

  1. ^ A presidency is defined as an uninterrupted period of time in office served by one person. For example, George Washington served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first president (not the first and second). Upon the resignation of 37th president Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford became the 38th president even though he simply served out the remainder of Nixon's second term and was never elected to the presidency in his own right. Grover Cleveland was both the 22nd president and the 24th president because his two terms were not consecutive. A period during which a vice president temporarily becomes acting president under the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution is not a presidency, because the president remains in office during such a period.
  2. ^ Due to logistical delays, instead of being inaugurated on March 4, 1789, the date scheduled for operations of the federal government under the new Constitution to begin, Washington's first inauguration was held 1 month and 26 days later. As a result, his first term was only 1,404 days long (as opposed to the usual 1461), and was the shortest term for a U.S. president who neither died in office nor resigned.
  3. ^ Political parties had not been anticipated when the Constitution was drafted in 1787 and ratified in 1788, nor did they exist at the time of the first presidential election in 1788–89. When they did develop, during Washington's first term, Adams joined the faction which became the Federalist Party. The elections of 1792 were the first ones in the United States to be contested on anything resembling a partisan basis.
  4. ^ Due to logistical delays, Adams assumed the office of Vice President 1 month and 17 days after the March 4, 1789 scheduled start of operations of the new government under the Constitution. As a result, his first term was only 1,413 days long, and was the shortest term for a U.S. vice president who neither died in office nor resigned.
  5. ^ The 1796 presidential election was the first contested American presidential election and the only one in which a president and vice president were elected from opposing political parties. Federalist John Adams was elected president, and Jefferson of the Democratic-Republicans was elected vice president.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i Succeeded to the presidency.
  7. ^ John Tyler, a former Democrat, ran for vice president on the Whig Party ticket with Harrison in 1841. Tyler's policy priorities as president soon proved to be opposed to most of the Whig agenda, and he was expelled from the party in September 1841.
  8. ^ a b Republican Abraham Lincoln ran for reelection in 1864, with Andrew Johnson (a War Democrat) as his running mate, on the National Union Party ticket.
  9. ^ Democrat Andrew Johnson ran for vice president on the National Union Party ticket with Lincoln in 1864. While president, he tried and failed to build a party of loyalists under the National Union banner. Near the end of his presidency, Johnson rejoined the Democratic Party.
  10. ^ The Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution (ratified on January 23, 1933) moved Inauguration Day from March 4 to January 20, beginning in 1937. As a result, Garner's first term in office was 1 month and 12 days shorter than a normal term.

References

  1. ^ "The Constitution: Amendments 11–27". U.S. National Archives & Records Administration. Retrieved October 1, 2008.
  2. ^ "Excerpts from "Forgotten Presidents" – The Patriots Handbook, by George Grant". Harrold.org. Retrieved August 8, 2011.
  3. ^ Cleaves, Freeman (1939). Old Tippecanoe: William Henry Harrison and His Time. C. Scribner's Sons. p. 152.
  4. ^ Ingersoll, Jared. "Death of the President". University of Virginia's Miller Center of Public Affairs. Retrieved November 2, 2010.
  5. ^ Russell, Francis (1962). The Shadow of Blooming Grove – Warren G. Harding in His Times. Easton Press. p. 591. ISBN 0070543380.
  6. ^ a b Martin, Paul "Lincoln's Missing Bodyguard", Smithsonian Magazine, April 8, 2010, Retrieved November 15, 2010
  7. ^ Donald (1996), p. 597.
  8. ^ "Big Ben Parker and President McKinley's Assassination". Math.buffalo.edu. Retrieved August 8, 2011.
  9. ^ "Nixon Resigns". The Washington Post. Retrieved December 31, 2008.
  10. ^ The White House (March 12, 2007). "Biography of George Washington". Whitehouse.gov. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  11. ^ "George Washington – no Political Party – 1st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  12. ^ "Life Portrait of George Washington". American Presidents: Life Portraits. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  13. ^ "George Washington's views on political parties in America | Washington Times Communities". Communities.washingtontimes.com. March 9, 2012. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
  14. ^ "Biography of John Adams". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  15. ^ "John Adams – Federalist Party – 2nd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  16. ^ "Life Portrait of John Adams". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  17. ^ "Biography of Thomas Jefferson". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  18. ^ "Thomas Jefferson – Democratic-Republican Party – 3rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  19. ^ "Life Portrait of Thomas Jefferson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  20. ^ "Biography of James Madison". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  21. ^ "James Madison – Democratic-Republican Party – 4th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  22. ^ "Life Portrait of James Madison". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  23. ^ "Biography of James Madison". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  24. ^ "James Monroe – Democratic-Republican Party – 5th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  25. ^ "Life Portrait of James Monroe". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  26. ^ "Biography of John Quincy Adams". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  27. ^ "John Quincy Adams – Federalist, Democratic-Republican, National Republican, WHIG Party – 6th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  28. ^ "Life Portrait of John Quincy Adams". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  29. ^ "Biography of Andrew Jackson". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  30. ^ "Andrew Jackson – Democratic-Republican Party – 7th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  31. ^ "Life Portrait of Andrew Jackson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  32. ^ "Biography of Martin Van Buren". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  33. ^ "Martin Van Buren – Democratic-Republican, Democratic, and Free Soil Party – 8th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  34. ^ "Life Portrait of Martin Van Buren". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  35. ^ "Biography of William Henry Harrison". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  36. ^ "William Henry Harrison – WHIG Party – 9th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  37. ^ "Life Portrait of William Henry Harrison". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  38. ^ "Biography of John Tyler". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  39. ^ "John Tyler – No Party – 10th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  40. ^ "Life Portrait of John Tyler". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  41. ^ "Biography of James Polk". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  42. ^ "James Polk – Democratic Party – 11th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  43. ^ "Life Portrait of James K. Polk". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  44. ^ "Biography of Zachary Taylor". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  45. ^ "Zachary Taylor – WHIG Party – 12th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  46. ^ "Life Portrait of Zachary Taylor". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  47. ^ "Biography of Millard Fillmore". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  48. ^ "Millard Filmore – WHIG Party – 13th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  49. ^ "Life Portrait of Millard Fillmore". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  50. ^ "Biography of Franklin Pierce". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  51. ^ "Franklin Pierce – Democratic Party – 14th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  52. ^ "Life Portrait of Franklin Pierce". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  53. ^ "Biography of James Buchanan". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  54. ^ "James Buchanan – Democratic Party – 15th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  55. ^ "Life Portrait of James Buchanan". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  56. ^ "Biography of Abraham Lincoln". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  57. ^ "Abraham Lincoln – Republic, National Union Party – 16th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  58. ^ "Life Portrait of Abraham Lincoln". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  59. ^ "Biography of Andrew Johnson". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  60. ^ "Andrew Johnson – National Union Party – 17th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  61. ^ "Life Portrait of Andrew Johnson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  62. ^ "Biography of Ulysses S. Grant". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  63. ^ "Ulysses S. Grant – National Union Party – 18th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  64. ^ "Life Portrait of Ulysses S. Grant". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  65. ^ "Biography of Rutherford B. Hayes". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  66. ^ "Rutherford B. Hayes – Republican Party – 19th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  67. ^ "Life Portrait of Rutherford B. Hayes". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  68. ^ "Biography of James Garfield". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  69. ^ "James Garfield – Republican Party – 20th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  70. ^ "Life Portrait of James Garfield". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  71. ^ "Biography of Chester Arthur". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  72. ^ "Chester A. Arthur – Republican Party – 21st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  73. ^ "Life Portrait of Chester A. Arthur". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  74. ^ a b "Grover Cleveland – Democratic Party – 22nd and 24th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  75. ^ a b "Life Portrait of Grover Cleveland". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  76. ^ "Biography of Benjamin Harrison". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  77. ^ "William Henry Harrison – Whig Party – 23rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  78. ^ "Life Portrait of Benjamin Harrison". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  79. ^ "Biography of William McKinley". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  80. ^ "William McKinley – Republican Party – 25th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  81. ^ "Life Portrait of William McKinley". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  82. ^ "Biography of Theodore Roosevelt". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  83. ^ "Theodore Roosevelt – Republican, Bull Moose Party – 26th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  84. ^ "Life Portrait of Theodore Roosevelt". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  85. ^ "Biography of William Howard Taft". Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  86. ^ "William Howard Taft – Republican Party – 27th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  87. ^ "Life Portrait of William Howard Taft". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  88. ^ "Biography of Woodrow Wilson". Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  89. ^ "Woodrow Wilson – Democratic Party – 28th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  90. ^ "Life Portrait of Woodrow Wilson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  91. ^ "Biography of Warren G. Harding". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  92. ^ "Warren Harding – Republican Party – 29th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  93. ^ "Life Portrait of Warren G. Harding". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  94. ^ "Biography of Calvin Coolidge". Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  95. ^ "Calvin Coolidge – Republican Party – 30th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  96. ^ "Life Portrait of Calvin Coolidge". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  97. ^ "Biography of Herbert Hoover". Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  98. ^ "Herbert Hoover – Republican Party – 31st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  99. ^ "Life Portrait of Herbert Hoover". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  100. ^ "Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt". Whitehouse.gov. March 20, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  101. ^ "Franklin D. Roosevelt – Democratic Party – 32nd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  102. ^ "Life Portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
  103. ^ "Biography of Harry S Truman". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  104. ^ "Harry S Truman – Democratic Party – 33rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  105. ^ "Life Portrait of Harry S. Truman". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  106. ^ "Biography of Dwight D. Eisenhower". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  107. ^ "Dwight D. Eisenhower – Democratic Party – 34th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  108. ^ "Life Portrait of Dwight D. Eisenhower". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  109. ^ "Biography of John F. Kennedy". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  110. ^ "John F. Kennedy – Democratic Party – 35th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  111. ^ "Life Portrait of John F. Kennedy". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  112. ^ "Lyndon B. Johnson – Democratic Party – 36th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  113. ^ "Life Portrait of Lyndon B. Johnson". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  114. ^ "Richard M. Nixon". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  115. ^ "Richard Nixon – Republican Party – 37th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  116. ^ "Life Portrait of Richard M. Nixon". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  117. ^ "Biography of Gerald R. Ford". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  118. ^ "Gerald Ford – Republican Party – 38th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  119. ^ "Life Portrait of Gerald R. Ford". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  120. ^ "Biography of Jimmy Carter". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  121. ^ "Jimmy Carter – Democratic Party – 39th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  122. ^ "Life Portrait of Jimmy Carter". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  123. ^ "Biography of Ronald Reagan". Whitehouse.gov. June 25, 2008. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  124. ^ "Ronald Reagan – Republican Party – 40th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  125. ^ "Life Portrait of Ronald Reagan". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  126. ^ "Biography of George Herbert Walker Bush". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  127. ^ "George H. W. Bush – Republican Party – 41st President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  128. ^ "Life Portrait of George H.W. Bush". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  129. ^ "Biography of William J. Clinton". Whitehouse.gov. March 12, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  130. ^ "Bill Clinton – Democratic Party – 42nd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  131. ^ "Life Portrait of Bill Clinton". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Retrieved March 7, 2016.
  132. ^ "Biography of President George W. Bush". Whitehouse.gov. February 25, 2007. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  133. ^ "George W. Bush – Republican Party – 43rd President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
  134. ^ "President Barack Obama". Whitehouse.gov. January 20, 2009. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
  135. ^ "Barack Obama – Democratic Party – 44th President – American Presidents". History. Retrieved January 12, 2009.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to President of the United States.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States&oldid=735356910"