1823

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	18th century 19th century 20th century
Decades:	1800s 1810s 1820s 1830s 1840s
Years:	1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826

1823 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1823 MDCCCXXIII
Ab urbe condita	2576
Armenian calendar	1272 ԹՎ ՌՄՀԲ
Assyrian calendar	6573
Balinese saka calendar	1744–1745
Bengali calendar	1230
Berber calendar	2773
British Regnal year	3 Geo. 4 – 4 Geo. 4
Buddhist calendar	2367
Burmese calendar	1185
Byzantine calendar	7331–7332
Chinese calendar	壬午年 (Water Horse) 4520 or 4313     — to — 癸未年 (Water Goat) 4521 or 4314
Coptic calendar	1539–1540
Discordian calendar	2989
Ethiopian calendar	1815–1816
Hebrew calendar	5583–5584
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1879–1880
- Shaka Samvat	1744–1745
- Kali Yuga	4923–4924
Holocene calendar	11823
Igbo calendar	823–824
Iranian calendar	1201–1202
Islamic calendar	1238–1239
Japanese calendar	Bunsei 6 (文政６年)
Javanese calendar	1750–1751
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar	4156
Minguo calendar	89 before ROC 民前89年
Nanakshahi calendar	355
Thai solar calendar	2365–2366
Tibetan calendar	阳水马年 (male Water-Horse) 1949 or 1568 or 796     — to — 阴水羊年 (female Water-Goat) 1950 or 1569 or 797

1823 (MDCCCXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1823rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 823rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 23rd year of the 19th century, and the 4th year of the 1820s decade. As of the start of 1823, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events

January–March

• January 23 – In Paviland Cave on the Gower Peninsula of Wales, William Buckland inspects the "Red Lady of Paviland", the first identification of a prehistoric (male) human burial.
• February 3 – Gioachino Rossini's Semiramide is first performed.
• February 10 – First worldwide carnival parade took place in Cologne, Germany.
• February 20 – Explorer James Weddell's expedition to Antarctica reaches latitude 74°15' S and longitude 34°16'45" W: the southernmost position any ship had reached before, a record that will hold for more than 80 years.
• March 19 – Agustín de Iturbide, Emperor of Mexico, abdicates thus ending the short-lived First Mexican Empire.

April–June

• April 13 – Eleven-year-old Franz Liszt gives a concert after which he is personally congratulated by Ludwig van Beethoven.
• June 5 – Raffles Institution established as the Singapore Institution by the founder of Singapore, Sir Stamford Raffles.

July–September

• July 1 – The congress of Central America declares absolute independence from Spain, Mexico, and any other foreign nation, including North America, and a republican system of government is established.
• July – Robert Peel ensures the passage of five Acts of Parliament in the United Kingdom, effectively abolishing the death penalty for over one hundred offences; in particular, the Judgement of Death Act allows judges to commute sentences for capital offences other than murder or treason to imprisonment or transportation.
• July 10 – Gaols Act passed by Parliament of the United Kingdom, based on the prison reform campaign of Elizabeth Fry.
• July 15 – The Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome is almost completely destroyed by fire.
• September 10 – Simón Bolívar is named President of Peru.
• September 22 – Joseph Smith claimed in 1838 that on this day he had first come to the place where the golden plates were stored, having been directed there by God through an angel.
• September 23 – First Anglo-Burmese War: Burmese attack the British on Shapura, an island close to Chittagong.

October–December

• October 5 – Medical journal The Lancet is founded by Thomas Wakley in London.
• November – According to tradition, William Webb Ellis invents the sport of rugby football at Rugby School in England.
• December 2 – James Monroe first introduces the Monroe Doctrine in the State of the Union address, declaring that any European attempts to recolonize the Americas would be considered a hostile act towards the United States.

Date unknown

• Beginning of the first Anglo-Ashanti war.
• Olbers' paradox is described by the German astronomer Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers.
• Work begins on the British Museum in London, designed by Robert Smirke, and the Altes Museum in Berlin, designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel.
• Jackson Male Academy, precursor of Union University, is founded in Tennessee.
• The Oxford Union is founded.

Births

January–June

Carl Wilhelm Siemens

Abdülmecid I

• January 1
  • Hovenden Hely, Australian politician (d. 1872)
  • Samuel Gray (Australian politician) (d. 1889)
  • Manuel Baquedano, Chilean politician and general (d. 1897)
  • William Tooth, Australian politician (d. 1876)
  • Sándor Petőfi, Hungarian poet and revolutionary (d. 1849)
• January 2 – Théodore Deck, ceramic artist (d. 1891)
• January 3
  • Jacques-Nicolas Lemmens, Belgian musician (d. 1881)
  • Robert Whitehead, English engineer (d. 1905)
  • Robert H. McClellan, American politician (d. 1902)
• January 4
  • Thomas David Smith McDowell, American politician (d. 1898)
  • John Mercer (Australian pastoralist), Australian politician (d. 1891)
  • Otto van Rees, Netherlands politician (d. 1892)
  • Peter Joseph Osterhaus, Union Army general (d. 1917)
  • Benjamin F. Harding, American politician and lawyer (d. 1899)
• January 5
  • W. S. Rockstro, English music writer (d. 1895)
  • José María Iglesias, President of Mexico (d. 1891)
• January 6
  • Aimar August Sørenssen, Norwegian politician (d. 1908)
  • Edwin Edwards (artist), British artist (d. 1879)
  • Anton C. Hesing, German-American newspaper publisher, politician, prominent figure in Chicago (d. 1895)
  • Roland G. Usher, American politician (d. 1895)
  • John Patton (1823–97), U (d. 1897)
• January 8
  • Florent Joseph Marie Willems, Belgian painter (d. 1905)
  • Herbert Curteis (cricketer, born 1823), English cricketer (d. 1895)
  • Alfred Russel Wallace, British naturalist and biologist (d. 1913)
• January 9
  • William Johnson Cory (d. 1892)
  • Friedrich von Esmarch, German academic (d. 1908)
  • Samuel Merner, Canadian politician (d. 1908)
  • Archibald Berdmore Buchanan, Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly & Queensland Legislative Council (d. 1883)
  • José Julián Jiménez, Violinist and Composer (d. 1880)
• January 10
  • Rudolph Lexow, American editor (d. 1909)
  • Antal Ligeti, Hungarian artist (d. 1890)
  • John Berry (cricketer), English cricketer (d. 1895)
  • George Getz Shumard, American surgeon and geologist (d. 1867)
• January 11
  • William H. Upson, American politician (d. 1910)
  • Pierre Philippe Denfert-Rochereau, French politician (d. 1878)
• January 12
  • Samuel Mosheim Schmucker, U.S. historical writer and popular biographer (d. 1863)
  • James Donnelly (bishop), Catholic bishop (d. 1893)
  • James Salisbury, 19th-century American physician (d. 1905)
• January 14 – Samuel Baldwinson, English cricketer (d. 1856)
• January 15
  • Jean Auguste Margueritte, French general (d. 1870)
  • Patrick Murphy (Medal of Honor), United States Navy sailor and Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1896)
  • George William Cole, Australian politician (d. 1893)
• January 16 – Christopher Salmon Patterson, Canadian judge (d. 1893)
• January 17
  • Robert Kerr (architect), British architect (d. 1904)
  • Thomas Nettleship Staley, the first Anglican bishop of the Church of Hawaii (d. 1898)
• January 18
  • Carl Heissler, Austrian musician (d. 1878)
  • Victor Ruffy, Swiss politician (d. 1869)
  • Noah Armstrong, superintendent of the Glendale smelter and discoverer of the Hecla (d. 1907)
  • James Copeland (outlaw), American outlaw (d. 1857)
  • David Reesor, Canadian politician (d. 1902)
  • Alson Streeter, American politician (d. 1901)
  • Thomas Fairbairn, British art collector (d. 1891)
  • Henry P. Kidder, American banker (d. 1886)
  • Chichester Parkinson-Fortescue, 1st Baron Carlingford (d. 1898)
• January 19
  • Francisco Bilbao, Chilean politician (d. 1865)
  • Burrows Burdick, American physician from Edgerton (d. 1899)
  • James Heartfield (cricketer), English cricketer (d. 1891)
  • Paul Weber (artist), German painter (d. 1916)
• January 20 – Jacques Grenier, Canadian politician and businessman (d. 1909)
• January 21 – Alexandre Goria, Pianist and composer (d. 1860)
• January 22
  • Benjamin Markley Boyer, American politician (d. 1887)
  • Mario Mocenni, Catholic cardinal (d. 1904)
• January 23
  • Abraham Fitzgibbon, Australian engineer (d. 1887)
  • Dan Rice, American entertainer (d. 1900)
  • Peary Charan Sarkar, Educationist (d. 1875)
  • Nicholas-Joseph Laforêt, Belgian Catholic philosopher and theologian (d. 1872)
• January 24
  • Henry Redwood, Farmer, politician, racehorse breeder (d. 1907)
  • Prilidiano Pueyrredón, Argentine artist (d. 1870)
• January 25
  • Amos P. Catlin, American politician (d. 1900)
  • Désiré François Laugée, French painter (d. 1896)
  • William Barratt, British Mormon missionary (d. 1889)
• January 27 – Édouard Lalo, French composer (d. 1892)
• January 28
  • Philip Spencer (d. 1842)
  • Karl Stellwag von Carion, Austrian ophthalmologist (d. 1904)
  • Bruno Braquehais, Photographer (d. 1875)
  • Moritz Schiff, German physiologist (d. 1896)
• January 29
  • Joseph-Marie Timon-David, French priest (d. 1891)
  • John Small (British Army medical officer), Scottish physician, Deputy Surgeon General (d. 1879)
  • Franklin Gardner, Confederate army general (d. 1873)
  • Charles W. van Rensselaer, American sailor (d. 1857)
• January 30
  • Ignatius Persico, Catholic cardinal (d. 1896)
  • George Deshon, American minister (d. 1903)
• January 31
  • Samuel Daskam, Connecticut politician (d. 1912)
  • Abraham B. Tappen, American politician (d. 1896)
  • Jane S. Richards, First Counselor of the General Presidency of the Relief Society from 1888 to 1901 (d. 1912)
  • Amory Dwight Mayo, Unitarian clergyman and educator (d. 1907)
• February 1 – Simon Bacher, Hungarian writer (d. 1891)
• February 2 – Thomas-Jean-Jacques Loranger, Canadian judge (d. 1885)
• February 3
  • John Patterson Lundy, American Episcopalian pastor and writer (d. 1892)
  • Henri Dagonet, French botanist (d. 1902)
  • Benjamin Jaurès (d. 1889)
• February 4
  • Rodney Badger, American police officer (d. 1853)
  • Aemilius Irving, Canadian politician (d. 1913)
  • Randolph Strickland, American politician (d. 1880)
• February 5 – August Wilhelm Dieckhoff, German Lutheran theologian (d. 1894)
• February 7
  • George Washington Wilson (d. 1893)
  • Richard Genée, Austrian librettist, playwright and composer (d. 1895)
• February 8
  • Károly Alexy, Hungarian painter (d. 1880)
  • Carr B. White, Union Army officer (d. 1871)
  • James Minor Quarles, Confederate Army officer and American politician (d. 1901)
• February 9
  • Ulises Francisco Espaillat, President of the Dominican Republic (d. 1878)
  • Migettuwatte Gunananda Thera, Sri Lankan Buddhist orator (d. 1890)
• February 10 – Manuel S. Corley, American politician (d. 1902)
• February 11
  • John Wheeler (U.S. politician), American politician (d. 1906)
  • Llewellyn Turner, Welsh politician (d. 1903)
  • Wilhelm von Gümbel (d. 1898)
• February 12
  • Judson Dwight Collins, American missionary (d. 1852)
  • Count Richard Belcredi, Austrian politician (d. 1902)
• February 13
  • Louis Labrèche-Viger, Canadian politician (d. 1872)
  • Henry T. Titus, founder of Titusville (d. 1881)
  • Adolfo Targioni Tozzetti, Italian entomologist (d. 1902)
  • Arnold Rikli, Swiss physician (d. 1906)
• February 14
  • William Henry Powell, American artist (d. 1879)
  • Royal C. Taft, American politician (d. 1912)
• February 15 – Li Hongzhang, Chinese politician, general, and diplomat (d. 1901)
• February 16
  • Richard Wilde Walker, American politician (d. 1874)
  • Mansfield Parkyns, British explorer (d. 1894)
  • Henry F. Teschemacher, American mayor (d. 1904)
• February 17
  • Princess Paula of Brazil, Brazilian princess (d. 1833)
  • Joseph Russell Jones, successful US merchant and politician (d. 1909)
  • George West, American politician (d. 1901)
• February 18
  • Gopal Hari Deshmukh, Royal look, handsome, fair (d. 1892)
  • Jasper Francis Cropsey, important American landscape artist of the Hudson River School (d. 1900)
  • James Drummond Burns, British writer and priest (d. 1864)
  • Gideon W. Thompson, Confederate Army officer (d. 1902)
  • Jacob Kuechler, Commissioner Texas General Land Office, surveyor, Civil War Conscientious objector (d. 1893)
  • Roger Sinclair Aytoun, British politician (d. 1904)
• February 19
  • Napoleon B. Harrison, United States Navy officer (d. 1870)
  • Stephen Smith (surgeon), American surgeon (d. 1922)
  • Daniel Maynadier Henry, American politician (d. 1899)
• February 20
  • William S. Haymond, American politician (d. 1885)
  • Louis-Léon Lesieur Désaulniers, Canadian politician (d. 1896)
• February 21
  • Antonius Grech Delicata Testaferrata, Maltese bishop (d. 1876)
  • Eduard Oscar Schmidt, German zoologist (d. 1886)
  • Pierre Laffitte, French positivist (d. 1903)
  • S.S. MacDonell, lawyer and politician in Ontario (d. 1907)
• February 22
  • Avard Longley, Canadian politician (d. 1884)
  • Henry Conybeare, British architect (d. 1884)
• February 23
  • Thomas Conolly (1823–1876), Irish politician (d. 1876)
  • John Braxton Hicks, 19th-century English doctor who specialised in obstetrics (d. 1897)
  • Thomas C. Acton, political and social activist, appointed to the first Board of Police Commissioners (d. 1898)
• February 24
  • Henry Torrens, British Army general (d. 1889)
  • William Murdoch (poet), Scottish-Canadian poet (d. 1887)
  • Joseph Nirschl, German theologian (d. 1904)
• February 26
  • Louis-Victor-Emile Bougaud, French bishop (d. 1888)
  • Gustav Adolf, Cardinal Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingfürst, German prince and Catholic cardinal (d. 1896)
  • Philander P. Humphrey, American politician (d. 1862)
  • Joseph LeConte, physician (d. 1901)
• February 27
  • Thomas Archer (pastoralist), Pastoralist (d. 1905)
  • Ferdinand Van Derveer, Union Army General (d. 1892)
  • James Hume (superintendent), Asylum superintendent (d. 1896)
  • Shibata Takenaka, Japanese diplomat (d. 1877)
  • William B. Franklin, career United States Army officer and a Union Army general in the American Civil War (d. 1903)
  • Ernest Renan, French philosopher and writer (d. 1892)
• February 28
  • Pál Rajner, Hungarian politician (d. 1879)
  • Visarion Ljubiša, Montenegrin metropolitan bishop (d. 1884)
  • Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Prussian noble and general (d. 1883)
  • Philip Augustus Marquam, lawyer (d. 1912)
• March 1
  • Charles Callahan Perkins, art critic (d. 1886)
  • Edward T. Nichols, United States Navy rear admiral (d. 1886)
  • James Graham Ramsay, American politician (d. 1903)
  • George Adair, Real-estate developer (d. 1899)
• March 3
  • Diocletian Lewis, United States homeopath, physical culture and temperance advocate (d. 1886)
  • John Perowne, English Anglican bishop (d. 1904)
  • John George Adair, businessman and landowner (d. 1885)
• March 4
  • Casimir Marie Gaudibert, French astronomer (d. 1901)
  • Henry Harnden, Union United States Army general (d. 1900)
  • George Caron, Canadian politician (d. 1902)
• March 5 – Franz Johann Joseph Bock, Historian of Christian art (d. 1899)
• March 6
  • Gustaf Ljunggren (d. 1905)
  • Charles I of Württemberg (d. 1891)
  • Josiah Blackburn, Newspaperman (d. 1890)
• March 7 – James Staats Forbes, railway administrator, art collector (d. 1904)
• March 8
  • David S. Terry, California jurist and Democratic politician (d. 1889)
  • Thomas Fuller (architect), Canadian architect (d. 1898)
  • Samuel L. Bestow, American politician (d. 1907)
  • Gyula Andrássy, Hungarian statesman (d. 1890)
• March 10
  • Leopold Eidlitz, American architect (d. 1908)
  • John Bacchus Dykes, English clergyman and hymnist (d. 1876)
  • Orlando B. Potter, American politician (d. 1894)
  • John Danner (d. 1918)
  • David Heaton, American politician (d. 1870)
  • Frederick Arnold, English rower, school teacher, officer in the volunteers and clergyman (d. 1898)
• March 11 – Lorenzo Montúfar y Rivera, Costa Rican politician (d. 1898)
• March 12
  • William F. Perry, Confederate States Army brigadier general (d. 1901)
  • Hermann Rogalla von Bieberstein, former member of the Texas legislature (d. 1906)
• March 13
  • Dmitry Tolstoy (d. 1889)
  • Joseph Späth, Austrian academic (d. 1896)
  • Sir William Mackinnon, 1st Baronet, British Baronet (d. 1893)
  • Francesco Battaglini, Catholic cardinal (d. 1892)
  • Otto Gildemeister, German journalist and translator (d. 1902)
  • Henry Twells, English poet and clergyman (d. 1900)
• March 14
  • Józef Simmler, Polish painter known for his classical style and his Polish subjects (d. 1868)
  • Roswell S. Ripley, Confederate Army general (d. 1887)
  • Théodore de Banville, French poet and writer (d. 1891)
  • Louis Mallet, British civil servant (d. 1890)
• March 15
  • Lachlin McCallum, Canadian politician (d. 1903)
  • Eli Sims Shorter, American politician (d. 1879)
  • Frederick Banister, English civil engineer (d. 1897)
• March 16
  • William Henry Monk, Hymn writer (d. 1889)
  • Mikhail Sidorov, Russian explorer (d. 1887)
  • John Stallo, American diplomat (d. 1900)
• March 17
  • Charles Grenfell (1823–1861), British politician (d. 1861)
  • S. A. M. Wood, Confederate Army general (d. 1891)
  • Charles Porterfield Krauth, American theologian (d. 1883)
  • Samuel Cockburn (physician), British doctor (d. 1915)
• March 18
  • Joseph Seiss, American theologian (d. 1904)
  • Antoine Chanzy, French general (d. 1883)
  • Frederick Bird (politician), political figure in Manitoba (d. 1884)
  • James Rawlins (d. 1905)
  • Robert Alfred Vaughan, English Congregationalist minister and author (d. 1857)
• March 19
  • Arthur Blyth, Australian politician (d. 1891)
  • Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria, Bavarian princess (d. 1914)
  • Hugh Taylor (Australian politician) (d. 1897)
  • Charles Wilkinson (priest), Anglican archdeacon (d. 1910)
• March 20
  • John Echols, Confederate Army general (d. 1896)
  • Ezra Parmenter, American politician (d. 1873)
  • Simone Antonio Saint-Bon, Italian admiral (d. 1892)
  • Jacob Pitzer Cowan, American politician (d. 1895)
  • Ned Buntline, American publisher, writer, and publicist (d. 1886)
• March 21
  • William H. Kent, American politician (d. 1889)
  • Jules Émile Planchon, botanist who saved the vines (d. 1888)
• March 22
  • Fanny White, Courtesan (d. 1860)
  • Christoph Ernst Luthardt, German theologian (d. 1902)
• March 23
  • Enrico Carfagnini, Catholic bishop (d. 1904)
  • Aaron S. French, American industrialist and philanthropist (d. 1902)
  • Henry Adoniram Swift, American politician who was the third Governor of Minnesota (d. 1869)
  • Schuyler Colfax, Vice President of the United States (d. 1885)
  • Thorold Rogers (d. 1890)
• March 24
  • John Passmore Edwards, British politician and journalist (d. 1911)
  • Thomas Spencer Baynes, philosopher (d. 1887)
• March 25
  • William T. Martin, Confederate Army general (d. 1910)
  • Jean-Baptiste Bertrand, French painter (d. 1887)
  • Godfrey Thring, BRitish hymnwriter (d. 1903)
• March 26
  • George Henry Williams, American judge and politician (d. 1910)
  • Carlo Felice Biscarra, Italian painter (d. 1894)
• March 28
  • Auguste Himly, French historian and geographer (d. 1906)
  • Heinrich Kampschulte, German Roman Catholic priest (d. 1878)
• March 29 – Sidney Frances Bateman (d. 1881)
• March 30
  • George Mackarness, Anglican Bishop of Argyll and The Isles (d. 1883)
  • Joseph F. Knipe, Union Army general (d. 1901)
  • James Cox Aikins (d. 1904)
• March 31
  • Mary Boykin Chesnut (d. 1886)
  • Ernest Doudart de Lagrée, leader of the French Mekong Expedition of 1866-1868 (d. 1868)
  • Robert V. Short, American politician (d. 1908)
  • William Hart (painter), Scottish-born American landscape and cattle painter (d. 1894)
• April 1 – Simon Bolivar Buckner, American soldier and politician and Confederate soldier (d. 1914)
• April 2 – Samuel W. Hale, American politician (d. 1891)
• April 3
  • Solomon Rubin, Austrian writer (d. 1910)
  • Julian Sidney Rumsey (d. 1886)
  • George Derby, early California humorist (d. 1861)
  • John Thornton (Canadian politician) (d. 1888)
  • William M. Tweed, American political boss (d. 1878)
  • Philip DeLaMare, Sugar scientist (d. 1915)
• April 4
  • Robert Byington Mitchell, American general (d. 1882)
  • Richard Hely-Hutchinson, 4th Earl of Donoughmore (d. 1866)
  • David Grimm (architect), Russian architect (d. 1898)
  • Carl Wilhelm Siemens, German engineer (d. 1883)
  • Béla Szende, Hungarian politician (d. 1882)
• April 5 – Nikolai Berg, Russian author (d. 1884)
• April 6
  • Julia Abigail Fletcher Carney, American writer (d. 1908)
  • Joseph Medill, American newspaper editor (d. 1899)
  • Oliver James Dickey, Union Army officer (d. 1876)
• April 7 – Jules Hoüel, French mathematician (d. 1886)
• April 9 – Rudolph Feilding, 8th Earl of Denbigh, English nobleman; High Sheriff of Flintshire (d. 1892)
• April 10 – Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb, American politician (d. 1862)
• April 11
  • Carl Friedrich von Gerber, Saxon politician (d. 1891)
  • Charles Seaforth Stewart (d. 1904)
• April 12 – Eugène Mouton, French writer (d. 1902)
• April 13
  • Sabato Morais, Italian-American rabbi (d. 1897)
  • Charles Joseph Marty-Laveaux, French scholar (d. 1899)
  • George McKendree Steele, American educator, writer, politician (d. 1901)
  • Ole Peter Hansen Balling, Norwegian painter (d. 1906)
  • Joseph Osgood Barrett, American clergyman (d. 1898)
  • Oscar Schlömilch, German mathematician (d. 1901)
• April 14
  • Alexander Henry (Philadelphia), American lawyer and politician (d. 1883)
  • Christian Jensen, Norwegian politician (d. 1884)
• April 15
  • Perry A. Armstrong, business person (d. 1904)
  • Theodor Hagen (music critic), American journalist (d. 1871)
• April 16
  • Gotthold Eisenstein, German mathematician (d. 1852)
  • Augustus Berkeley Paget, Ambassador (d. 1896)
  • Mother Joseph Pariseau, Canadian Religious Sister, led members of her congregation to the U.S. Pacific Northwest (d. 1902)
  • Orlando B. Willcox, United States Army Medal of Honor recipient and Union Army general (d. 1907)
  • Ludvig Gade, Danish dancer and mime (d. 1897)
• April 17
  • Infante Enrique, Duke of Seville (d. 1870)
  • Jakob Erhardt, German missionary and explorer who worked in East Africa and India (d. 1901)
  • Mifflin Wistar Gibbs, American judge (d. 1915)
• April 18
  • Sir Frederick Currie, 2nd Baronet, English cricketer (d. 1900)
  • Thomas R. Horton, American congressman for New York (d. 1894)
  • Walter Leak Steele, United States House of Representatives|U (d. 1891)
• April 19
  • Edvard Jünger, Danish precision mechanic and instrument maker (d. 1899)
  • Jan Simon Gerardus Gramberg, Dutch writer (d. 1888)
• April 20
  • George Henry Moore (author), United States librarian and historian (d. 1892)
  • Jesse L. Reno, United States Army general (d. 1862)
  • Peter J. Williamson, Dutch-American architect (d. 1907)
  • Johannes Falke, German historian (d. 1876)
• April 21
  • Jane Deans, Founding mother, community leader (d. 1911)
  • Robert Ridgway (congressman), American politician (d. 1870)
• April 22
  • Alfred Gibbs, Union Army general (d. 1868)
  • James T. Elliott, United State Representative from Arkansas, during Reconstruction (d. 1875)
  • Margaret Murray Robertson, Scottish/Canadian woman writer (d. 1897)
  • Line Luplau, Danish women's right activist and suffragist (d. 1891)
• April 23
  • Abdülmecid I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1861)
  • Richard Caulfield, Librarian (d. 1887)
  • Worthington Curtis Smith, American politician (d. 1894)
• April 24 – Benjamin F. Goss, American politician, farmer, printer and amateur ornithologist (d. 1893)
• April 25
  • Abdülmecid I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1861)
  • August Dillmann, German orientalist and biblical scholar (d. 1894)
• April 27
  • William Benjamin Dearborn Simmons, American organ builder (d. 1876)
  • John M. Carroll (politician), American politician (d. 1901)
• April 29
  • Konrad Maurer, German historian (d. 1902)
  • Joseph-Alfred Foulon, Catholic cardinal (d. 1893)
  • Daniel Harrwitz, Jewish German chess master (d. 1884)
  • Jan Albert van Eijken, Composer (d. 1868)
  • Hart Massey, businessman, philanthropist (d. 1896)
  • Jonathan Stone, American politician (d. 1897)
• April 30
  • Mary Odilia Berger, German Religious Sister and foundress (d. 1880)
  • George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll (d. 1900)
  • William Bradford (painter), American artist (d. 1892)
  • Paul Janet, French philosopher and writer (d. 1899)
  • Henry Oscar Houghton, American mayor (d. 1895)
• May 1
  • Thomas Tate Tobin, Mountain man and adventurer (d. 1904)
  • James Joseph Carbery, Catholic bishop (d. 1887)
  • José Antônio Saraiva, Brazilian politician (d. 1895)
  • Jemima Blackburn, British artist (d. 1909)
  • Thomas Harrison (general), Confederate States Army brigadier general (d. 1891)
• May 2
  • Marion Biggs, American politician (d. 1910)
  • Emma Hardinge Britten, born Emma Floyd, English-born spiritualist (d. 1899)
  • Charles de Souancé, French ornithologist and French Navy officer (d. 1896)
  • José Vicente Barbosa du Bocage, Portuguese politician and zoologist (d. 1907)
  • Franklin Archibald Dick, American lawyer (d. 1885)
  • Aloysius Masnata, President of Santa Clara University (d. 1886)
• May 3 – John Sharpstein, American politician (d. 1892)
• May 4
  • Nelson G. Williams, Union Army general (d. 1897)
  • Thomas Caulfield Irwin, Irish poet (d. 1892)
  • William Shaw (Irish politician), British politician (d. 1895)
• May 5 – James Allen Hardie, United States Army soldier (d. 1876)
• May 6
  • Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, German journalist (d. 1897)
  • Elizabeth Drew Stoddard, United States poet and novelist

Elizabeth Stoddard was born Elizabeth Drew Barstow in the small coastal town of Mattapoisett (d. 1902)

• May 7
  • Abraham Solomon, British artist (d. 1862)
  • Harriet Starr Cannon, Founder of the Community of St. Mary (d. 1896)
  • Stanislaus Francis Perry, Canadian politician (d. 1898)
• May 8
  • John T. Harris, American politician (d. 1899)
  • Montague Ainslie (cricketer), English cricketer (d. 1896)
  • Frederick Vogel, American politician (d. 1892)
  • Francisco Laso, Peruvian artist (d. 1869)
  • Pierre Garneau, Canadian politician and businessman (d. 1905)
• May 9 – Frederick Weld (d. 1891)
• May 10
  • John Sherman, American Republican representative and senator from Ohio during and after the Civil War (d. 1900)
  • Alfred Rowland Chetham-Strode, New Zealand politician (d. 1890)
• May 11
  • Giacomo Margotti, Italian jouralist (d. 1887)
  • Alfred Stevens (painter), Belgian painter (d. 1906)
  • Richard Bullock Andrews, Australian politician (d. 1884)
  • Halvor Schou, Norwegian businessman (d. 1879)
• May 12
  • Frederik Vermehren (d. 1910)
  • Sister Mary Irene FitzGibbon (d. 1896)
  • John Russell Hind (d. 1895)
  • William Attfield, English cricketer (d. 1876)
• May 13 – John Wolley, Naturalist (d. 1859)
• May 14
  • Edward Leigh Pemberton, British politician (d. 1910)
  • Fairfax Cartwright, British politician (d. 1881)
• May 15
  • Thomas Lake Harris, Anglo-American preacher (d. 1906)
  • Aquila Walsh, Canadian politician (d. 1885)
  • Youssef Bey Karam, Lebanese rebel (d. 1889)
  • John Decker (fire chief), Last Chief Engineer of the New York City Fire Department (d. 1892)
• May 17 – Henry Eckford (horticulturist), British horticulturist (d. 1905)
• May 18
  • Henry Stonex, British composer (d. 1897)
  • Susan Waters, Artist (d. 1900)
• May 20 – Robert Arthington, British philanthropist (d. 1900)
• May 21
  • Daniel C. Eddy, U (d. 1896)
  • Julia A. J. Foote, American deacon (d. 1901)
• May 22
  • Isabella Glyn, British actor (d. 1889)
  • George Baldwin Smith, American politician and lawyer (d. 1879)
  • Solomon Bundy, American politician (d. 1889)
• May 23
  • Ante Starčević, Croatian politician (d. 1896)
  • Lorin Blodget, American physicist (d. 1901)
• May 24 – Patrick Moran (bishop), Roman Catholic Bishop of Dunedin New Zealand (d. 1895)
• May 25
  • Otto Dütsch, Danish composer (d. 1863)
  • Hector Hanoteau, French painter (d. 1890)
  • Reinhold Pauli, German historian of England (d. 1882)
• May 26 – William Pryor Letchworth, American businessman and philanthropist, founder of Letchworth State Park (d. 1910)
• May 27
  • John G. Foster, officer in the United States Army, Union general during the American Civil War (d. 1874)
  • David Rosin, German philosopher (d. 1894)
• May 28 – Henry MacDonald (d. 1893)
• May 29 – John H. Balsley, American carpenter (d. 1895)
• May 31 – Thomas Hall (railway engineer) (d. 1889)
• June 1
  • John Tulloch, Scottish theologian (d. 1886)
  • Anna Eliot Ticknor, American writer (d. 1896)
  • Henry Youle Hind, Canadian geologist and explorer (d. 1908)
• June 2
  • Adolf Bernhard Christoph Hilgenfeld, German Protestant theologian (d. 1907)
  • Gédéon Ouimet, French-Canadian politician (d. 1905)
  • George William Balfour (d. 1903)
• June 4 – James H. Loomis, American politician (d. 1914)
• June 5
  • John Strachey (civil servant) (d. 1907)
  • George Thorndike Angell, American lawyer (d. 1909)
  • Sylvanus Cobb, Jr., American writer (d. 1887)
  • James Dawson (politician), Canadian politician (d. 1886)
• June 6 – Archduke Leopold Ludwig of Austria, Austrian general and admiral (d. 1898)
• June 7 – Jørgen Breder Faye, Norwegian politician (d. 1908)
• June 8
  • Giuseppe Fiorelli, Italian archaeologist (d. 1896)
  • Robert Morris (lawyer), American activist and lawyer (d. 1882)
  • Hans Daniel Johan Wallengren, Swedish entomologist (d. 1894)
• June 10 – Morrison Foster (d. 1904)
• June 11
  • Frederick Chatfield Smith, British politician (d. 1905)
  • James L. Kemper, lawyer (d. 1895)
  • John Prettyjohns (d. 1887)
• June 12
  • Theophiel Verbist, Belgian priest (d. 1868)
  • William H. Hunt, United States Secretary of the Navy under President James Garfield (d. 1884)
• June 13
  • Edward White Robertson, American politician (d. 1887)
  • David Breakenridge Read, Canadian mayor (d. 1904)
  • Gustave Paul Cluseret, French soldier and politician, general in the Union Army during the American Civil War (d. 1900)
• June 14
  • Ernst Plassmann, German-born US sculptor (d. 1877)
  • Léon Suys, architect (d. 1887)
• June 15
  • George Egerton, 2nd Earl of Ellesmere, British politician (d. 1862)
  • Henry Shelton Sanford, wealthy American diplomat (d. 1891)
  • Augusto Carlos Teixeira de Aragão, Portuguese Army general and numismatist (d. 1903)
  • Eppo Cremers, Dutch politician (d. 1896)
• June 17
  • J. H. Hobart Ward (d. 1903)
  • Henri Faraud, Catholic bishop (d. 1890)
• June 18
  • David O. Calder (d. 1884)
  • Richard Dillingham, Quaker school teacher from Peru Township (d. 1850)
  • Jesús Jiménez Zamora (d. 1897)
• June 19
  • George Willes, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1901)
  • William Harrell Felton, American politician (d. 1909)
  • Sir Henry de Bathe, 4th Baronet, British Army general (d. 1907)
• June 20 – Horace Lawson Hunley, Confederate marine engineer during the American Civil War (d. 1863)
• June 21
  • Alexandre Peyron, French naval officer and politician (d. 1892)
  • Jean Chacornac, French astronomer (d. 1873)
  • Edward E. Potter, American general (d. 1889)
• June 23
  • William Kitchen Parker, English zoologist (d. 1890)
  • Johann Wilhelm Schwedler, German engineer (d. 1894)
• June 25
  • James Dunwoody Bulloch, Civil War Confederate Veteran (d. 1901)
  • Francis H. Fassett, American architect in Maine who built as many as 400 homes and buildings throughout the state (d. 1908)
• June 26 – Thomas Menees, American politician (d. 1905)
• June 27 – Dorman Bridgman Eaton, American lawyer (d. 1899)
• June 28 – Oskar von Redwitz, German poet from Lichtenau (d. 1891)
• June 29 – George Clarke (New Zealand pioneer), New Zealand pioneer and educationalist (d. 1913)
• June 30
  • Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, Indian baronet and businessman (d. 1901)
  • Hendrik Jan Schimmel (d. 1906)
  • Henrik Vilhelm Brinkopff, Danish architect (d. 1900)
  • Maurice Sand, French writer (d. 1889)

July–December

• July 1 – Charles B. Farwell, American politician (d. 1903)
• July 2
  • Hugh Blackburn, British mathematician (d. 1909)
  • James W. Patterson, American politician (d. 1893)
  • John G. Cullmann, German businessman and activist (d. 1895)
  • Paul Bouré, artist (d. 1848)
  • Mark H. Dunnell, Union Army officer, politician (d. 1904)
• July 3 – Douglas Brymner, Canadian civil servant (d. 1902)
• July 4
  • Gregorio Pacheco, Bolivian politician (d. 1899)
  • James M. Cavanaugh, American politician (d. 1879)
  • Carl Heinrich Schnauffer, American journalist (d. 1854)
  • Joseph Kargé, Polish military officer (d. 1892)
• July 6
  • Ahmed Vefik Pasha, Greek-Ottoman statesman (d. 1891)
  • Sophie Adlersparre, Publisher, editor, writer and a women's rights activist (d. 1895)
  • Alfred Diver, Cricketer (d. 1876)
• July 7
  • August Saabye, Danish sculptor, author of the statue of Hans Christian Andersen in the Rosenborg Castle Gardens, Copenhagen (d. 1916)
  • Domenico Morelli, Italian painter (d. 1901)
  • John Kells Ingram, Irish writer (d. 1905)
  • Francis McNeece Whittle, American bishop (d. 1902)
  • Francis Fowke, British engineer (d. 1865)
• July 9
  • Ezra B. Taylor, American politician (d. 1912)
  • Graham Graham-Montgomery, British politician (d. 1901)
  • Edward Stillings, American politician (d. 1890)
• July 10
  • Sanford Robinson Gifford, American landscape painter, one of the leading members of the Hudson River School (d. 1880)
  • Louis-Napoléon Casault, Canadian politician (d. 1908)
  • Moritz Wilhelm Wolf Freiherr von Beschwitz, German noble (d. 1889)
• July 12
  • Matthew Rosamund (d. 1866)
  • Jacques-Léonard Maillet, French artist (d. 1894)
• July 13
  • Eugène Manuel (d. 1901)
  • Eugen von Boeck, German ornithologist (d. 1886)
• July 14
  • John Purchas, British priest (d. 1872)
  • Leopold De Wael, Belgian politician (d. 1892)
• July 15 – Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine (1823–1888), Prince of Hesse and by Rhine (d. 1888)
• July 16
  • James Isham Gilbert, American general (d. 1884)
  • Anthony Martin Branch, Politician (d. 1867)
• July 17
  • Leander Clark, American politician (d. 1910)
  • Goldsmith Bailey, United States House of Representatives|U (d. 1862)
• July 18
  • Sinforoso Amoedo, Argentine medical doctor (d. 1871)
  • Archibald Alexander Hodge (d. 1886)
  • Leonard Fulton Ross, Union Army general (d. 1901)
  • Félix du Temple de la Croix, French Army Captain & aviation pioneer (d. 1890)
• July 19
  • Ren Xiong, Chinese artist (d. 1857)
  • George Henry Gordon, Union Army General (d. 1886)
• July 20 – Jacob Dybwad, Norwegian bookseller and publisher (d. 1899)
• July 21 – Henry Augustus Muhlenberg, American politician and Congressman (Democratic) representing Pennsylvania (d. 1854)
• July 22
  • Walter S. Butler, Canadian politician (d. 1913)
  • Paulina Rivoli, Polish singer (d. 1881)
  • Ludwig Bamberger, German economist (d. 1899)
  • Godfried Guffens, Belgian painter (d. 1901)
• July 23
  • Coventry Patmore, English poet (d. 1896)
  • Edwin May (architect), American architect (d. 1880)
  • David McConaughy, Union Army officer (d. 1902)
  • Alexandre-Antonin Taché, Canadian Roman Catholic priest (d. 1894)
• July 24
  • Arthur I. Boreman, first Governor of the U (d. 1896)
  • Corydon Beckwith, American jurist and lawyer (d. 1890)
  • Oliver Hoyt, Connecticut politician (d. 1887)
  • Dicks (d. 1891)
• July 25
  • Albert Lindhagen, Swedish politician and lawyer (d. 1887)
  • Eugène Eschassériaux, French politician (d. 1906)
  • Julius Victor Carus, German ascientist (d. 1903)
• July 26
  • Charles Carleton Coffin, American journalist, war correspondent, author and politician (d. 1896)
  • Henry Cousins Chambers, American politician (d. 1871)
• July 27
  • William Bramwell Withers, Anglo-Australian historian and journalist (d. 1913)
  • Caroline Atherton Mason, American writer (d. 1890)
  • Johan Jakob Borelius, Swedish philosopher (d. 1909)
• July 28
  • Pietro Mansueto Ferrari, Italian entomologist (d. 1893)
  • Gaston de Saporta, French palaeobotanist (d. 1895)
• July 29
  • Hendrik Beyaert, architect (d. 1894)
  • Simon Pedersen Holmesland, Norwegian politician (d. 1895)
  • Nicholas B. La Bau, Lawyer and politician (d. 1873)
  • William A. Bugh, American politician (d. 1875)
  • Herman M. Chapin, American mayor (d. 1879)
• July 30
  • Henri Gradis, French businessman and historian (d. 1905)
  • Charles Lory, French geologist (d. 1889)
• July 31 – Édouard-Gérard Balbiani, French scientist (d. 1899)
• August 1
  • Stephen Parkinson, British mathematician (d. 1889)
  • Nancy Kelsey, member of the Bartleson-Bidwell party (d. 1896)
• August 2 – Edward Augustus Freeman, English historian (d. 1892)
• August 3
  • Thomas Francis Meagher, American Civil War general (d. 1867)
  • Gustav Richter (artist), German artist (d. 1884)
  • John Chippendall Montesquieu Bellew, British musician and writer (d. 1874)
  • Andrew Stuart (Ohio), American politician (d. 1872)
  • Thomas J. Robertson, American politician (d. 1897)
  • Henrique O'Neill, 1st Viscount of Santa Mónica, Portuguese politician (d. 1889)
  • Francisco Asenjo Barbieri, Spanish composer (d. 1894)
• August 4
  • Robert Fisher Tomes, English zoologist (d. 1904)
  • Oliver P. Morton American politician (d. 1877)
• August 5
  • Juliet H. Lewis Campbell, American poet and novelist (d. 1898)
  • Télesphore Fournier, Canadian politician (d. 1896)
  • John Q. Farmer, American politician (d. 1904)
  • Tobias Mealey (d. 1904)
  • Eliza Tibbets, mother of the California orange industry (d. 1898)
• August 6
  • William Johnstone (VC) (d. 1857)
  • Henry C. Wetmore, American writer and politician from New York (d. 1862)
  • John Cox (cricketer), Australian cricket player (d. 1866)
• August 7
  • Horatio Nelson, 3rd Earl Nelson, 3rd Earl Nelson and member of the House of Lords (d. 1913)
  • Edmund Rogers, British journalist (d. 1910)
  • Rufus Columbus Burleson, American academic administrator (d. 1901)
  • Sir Robert Loder, 1st Baronet, British politician (d. 1888)
• August 8
  • Théodule Ribot, French painter (d. 1891)
  • Carl Wallau (d. 1877)
  • Theodor Spieker, German mathematician (d. 1913)
  • Walter C. Whitaker, American farmer (d. 1887)
  • Charles Frick, American physician (d. 1860)
• August 9 – Daniel M. Frost, Confederate Army general (d. 1900)
• August 10
  • Charles Thomas Campbell, Union Army general (d. 1895)
  • Charles Keene (artist), English artist and illustrator (d. 1891)
  • Samuel A. White, American politician (d. 1878)
  • Hugh Stowell Brown, Manx Baptist preacher and social reformer (d. 1886)
  • Joseph Villiet, French artist (d. 1877)
  • Laurent-David Lafontaine, Canadian politician (d. 1892)
  • Achille Costa, Italian entomologist (d. 1899)
• August 11
  • Simon Young (magistrate), Pitcairn Islands politician (d. 1893)
  • Charlotte Mary Yonge, English novelist known for her huge output (d. 1901)
• August 12
  • Oscar C. Badger, officer of the United States Navy, served in the Mexican–American and American Civil Wars (d. 1899)
  • William Legge, 5th Earl of Dartmouth, British politician (d. 1891)
• August 13
  • Goldwin Smith, British historian and journalist (d. 1910)
  • Thomas Dick (politician), 19th-century New Zealand politician (d. 1900)
  • Benedikt Roezl, Austrian botanist (d. 1885)
• August 14 – Karel Miry, Belgian composer (d. 1889)
• August 15
  • Orris S. Ferry, American Civil War general and politician (d. 1875)
  • Marie-Louis-Antoine-Gaston Boissier (d. 1908)
  • Dominic Jacotin Gamble, Soldier (d. 1887)
  • Léon Gastinel, French composer (d. 1906)
• August 16
  • Mathew Carey Lea, Philadelphia (d. 1897)
  • Alexandru Hurmuzaki, Romanian publisher and politician (d. 1871)
  • Orsola Faccioli, Italian painter (d. 1906)
  • Stephen Henry Phillips, American lawyer (d. 1897)
  • Richard Van Valkenburg, Colorado pioneer, Civil War veteran and Episcopal reverend (d. 1912)
  • Benjamin Raspail, French politician (d. 1899)
• August 17
  • Daniel Bliss, Founder of the American University of Beirut; missionary (d. 1916)
  • James H. Burton, Confederate Army officer (d. 1895)
  • Edward Wolstenholme Ward, Australian cricketer and politician (d. 1890)
  • Theodor Julius Jaffé, German stage opera singer and actor (d. 1898)
• August 18
  • Phoebe Pember, American nurse (d. 1913)
  • Wilhelmus Nuyens, Dutch historian (d. 1894)
• August 19 – James Carroll Robinson, American politician (d. 1886)
• August 20
  • Achille Errani, Italian opera singer (d. 1897)
  • Henry Pering Pellew Crease, Colonial BC Supreme Court Judge; British Columbia Attorney General (d. 1905)
• August 21
  • George Thomas Orlando Bridgeman, British antiquarian (d. 1895)
  • Nathaniel Everett Green, English painter (d. 1899)
• August 22
  • Sotherton Micklethwait, English clergyman and cricketer (d. 1889)
  • Louis Martin and Marie-Azélie Guérin (d. 1877)
• August 23
  • Francis Lear, Anglican Archdeacon (d. 1914)
  • Amos McLemore, American minister (d. 1863)
• August 25 – John Henry Blunt, English divine (d. 1884)
• August 26
  • Wilhelm Troszel, Polish opera composer (d. 1887)
  • August Rossbach, German classical scholar and archaeologist (d. 1898)
  • David P. Jenkins, American attorney (d. 1915)
  • Marcellin Desboutin, Painter and printmaker (d. 1902)
  • Henry Holden (cricketer), English cricketer (d. 1900)
  • Henry P. H. Bromwell, American politician (d. 1903)
  • William Moore (Australian politician) (d. 1914)
• August 27 – Wilhelm Vigier, Swiss politician and judge (d. 1886)
• August 28
  • James Oliver (inventor), Scottish-born American inventor (d. 1908)
  • William Bellairs, British army officer (d. 1913)
  • Charles Christopher Parry, British-American botanist and mountaineer (d. 1890)
  • Robert T. Davis, American politician (d. 1906)
  • Gerard Noel (politician), British Politician (d. 1911)
• August 29
  • Frederick Fitzwygram, British Army general (d. 1904)
  • Charles Neville, 5th Baron Braybrooke, British peer (d. 1902)
• August 30 – Edward John Hemming, Canadian politician (d. 1905)
• September 1
  • Jesus Gil Abreu, Rancher (d. 1900)
  • Servetsezâ Kadınefendi, Wife of Ottoman Sultan (d. 1879)
  • Louis Gustave Ricard, French painter (d. 1873)
• September 2
  • Praxède Larue, Canadian politician (d. 1902)
  • Edward Pollock, American writer (d. 1858)
  • Charles Foster (New York politician), American lawyer and politician (d. 1877)
• September 3
  • Edward Graham Paley, English architect (d. 1895)
  • Nevil Story Maskelyne, English geologist and politician (d. 1911)
• September 4
  • William Thomas Collings, clergyman of the Church of England who served as Seigneur of Sark from 1853 to 1882 (d. 1882)
  • Carr Waller Pritchett, Sr., American astronomer (d. 1910)
• September 5 – Willibald Beyschlag, German theologian from Frankfurt am Main (d. 1900)
• September 6 – Thomas Hungerford (Australian politician), pioneer pastoralist and politician in Australia (d. 1904)
• September 7
  • Kevin Izod O'Doherty, British politician (d. 1905)
  • John McVeagh Lumsden, Canadian politician (d. 1898)
  • Thomas Mears Eddy, American clergyman and writer (d. 1874)
  • Joseph Stillman Hubbard, American astronomer (d. 1863)
• September 8 – James Nisbet, Scottish born missionary to Canada (d. 1874)
• September 9
  • Preston Pond, Jr., American politician (d. 1864)
  • James Lewis Farley, Writer (d. 1885)
  • Joseph Leidy, American paleontologist (d. 1891)
• September 10
  • Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos (d. 1889)
  • James O'Connor (bishop), Catholic bishop (d. 1890)
• September 11
  • Gilbert Mitchell-Innes, Scottish amateur golfer (d. 1900)
  • Henry L. Nichols, American politician (d. 1915)
• September 12
  • Kornel Ujejski (d. 1897)
  • Charles H. Berry, American politician (d. 1900)
  • John Alfred Langford, English journalist and antiquary (d. 1903)
• September 13
  • William Jennings (mayor), Utah politician (d. 1886)
  • Addison Hiatt Sanders, Union Army Brevet Brigadier General, Secretary of the Montana Territory (d. 1912)
• September 14
  • Benjamin Harvey Hill, American politician (d. 1882)
  • William Patrick Adam (d. 1881)
• September 15
  • John Gill (Australian politician), Irish-born Australian politician (d. 1889)
  • Henry D. Hitt, American farmer (d. 1907)
  • Charles A. Rapallo, American judge (d. 1887)
  • Kersey Coates, American businessman (d. 1887)
  • Hugh Buchanan, American politician (d. 1890)
  • Emanuel Larsen, Painter (d. 1859)
• September 16
  • James O'Reilly (Canadian politician) (d. 1875)
  • Abraham Dirk Loman, Dutch theologian (d. 1897)
  • Francis Parkman, American historian (d. 1893)
• September 17
  • Jules Roguin, Swiss politician (d. 1908)
  • William Edward Vincent, New Zealand printer (d. 1861)
  • Henry H. Wells, American politician (d. 1890)
• September 18 – William Wirt Virgin, American politician and jurist from Maine (d. 1893)
• September 20
  • Michele Lessona, Italian zoologist (d. 1894)
  • Peter Percival Elder, American businessman and politician (d. 1914)
• September 21
  • James Robert McLean, American politician (d. 1870)
  • Edward Vickery, Canadian politician (d. 1883)
  • John Scott (entomologist), British entomologist (d. 1888)
  • John Gray Bell, British bookseller (d. 1866)
• September 22
  • John Duncan Young, American politician (d. 1910)
  • Edmund Sopp, English cricketer (d. 1871)
• September 23
  • James Black, American temperance movement leader (d. 1893)
  • Sara Jane Lippincott, American writer (d. 1904)
  • John Colton (politician), Australian politician (d. 1902)
• September 24
  • William Jay Smith (Tennessee politician), American politician (d. 1913)
  • Friedrich Maassen, German jurist and academic (d. 1900)
  • James M. Tuttle, United States Army general during American Civil War (d. 1892)
• September 25 – Thomas J. Wood, United States Army officer and a Union general during the American Civil War (d. 1906)
• September 26
  • William Henry Milburn, American clergyman (d. 1903)
  • Camill Heller, Czech zoologist and anatomist (d. 1917)
  • Robert Boog Watson, Scottish zoologist (d. 1910)
  • William Henry Knight, British artist (d. 1863)
• September 27
  • James S. Jackson, Union Army general (d. 1862)
  • Frederick H. Billings, American lawyer and financier (d. 1890)
  • Amasa Cobb, Union Army general (d. 1905)
• September 28 – John Norton (architect), Architect (d. 1904)
• September 29
  • Aristide Auguste Stanislas Verneuil, French surgeon (d. 1895)
  • Władysław Syrokomla (d. 1862)
• September 30 – Vinzenz Maria Gredler, Austrian scientist (d. 1912)
• October 1
  • Veronica of the Passion, English convert, Carmelite nun and foundress (d. 1906)
  • Horace M. Singer, American politician (d. 1896)
  • Joseph Horner Fletcher, Australian minister (d. 1890)
• October 2
  • Charles de Ferrieres, British politician (d. 1908)
  • Karl Becker (statistician), German statistician (d. 1896)
  • Oscar Bartlett, American physician, politician (d. 1911)
• October 3 – Ferdinand Rothbart, German painter (d. 1899)
• October 4
  • Francis Asbury Roe, admiral in the United States Navy who served during the American Civil War (d. 1901)
  • Edward Austin Sheldon, Founder of what is now SUNY Oswego, leader of the Oswego Movement (d. 1897)
• October 5
  • Ichikawa Danjūrō VIII, Japanese actor (d. 1854)
  • Thomas Whaley, Early settler of San Diego (d. 1890)
  • John Angas, Australian politician (d. 1904)
  • Robert P. Dick, United States federal judge (d. 1898)
• October 6
  • William Tecumseh Wilson, Union Army general (d. 1905)
  • George Henry Boker, American poet (d. 1890)
• October 7
  • Charles Wilson Pierce, American politician (d. 1907)
  • Johan Lindeqvist, Swedish agronomist (d. 1898)
• October 8
  • Sivert Andreas Nielsen (1823–1904), Norwegian politician (d. 1904)
  • Louis-Frédéric Brugère, French historian (d. 1888)
  • Elliott M. Braxton, Confederate Army officer and American politician (d. 1891)
  • Charles A. Joy, American chemist (d. 1891)
• October 9
  • Mary Ann Shadd, American-Canadian anti-slavery activist (d. 1893)
  • Horace Horton, Canadian politician (d. 1912)
• October 10
  • William H. Robertson, American politician (d. 1898)
  • Joshua ben Aaron Zeitlin, Russian philanthropist (d. 1888)
  • Georg M. Grossman, German-American academic and minister (d. 1897)
• October 11 – Prince Edward of Saxe-Weimar (d. 1902)
• October 12 – Ferdinand Boyer, French politician (d. 1885)
• October 13
  • Henry Munster, British lawyer, sportsman and Liberal politician (d. 1894)
  • Jacob M. Lewis, American politician (d. 1905)
  • Immanuel Faisst, Composer (d. 1894)
• October 15
  • William Montagu, 7th Duke of Manchester (d. 1890)
  • William Adams (locomotive engineer), Mechanical and Locomotive Engineer (d. 1904)
• October 16
  • Ephraim Morse, early settler of the city of San Diego (d. 1906)
  • Marc-Aurèle Plamondon, Canadian judge (d. 1900)
  • Sidney Smith (lawyer), Canadian politician (d. 1889)
• October 17
  • Samuel Sobieski Nelles, Canadian minister (d. 1887)
  • Delos White Beadle, Canadian politician, horticulturalist and journalist (d. 1905)
  • Gregory II Youssef, Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarch of Antioch (d. 1897)
  • Freeman McGilvery, United States Army artillery officer during the American Civil War (d. 1864)
• October 18
  • Frank Lewis Dowling, British newspaper editor (d. 1867)
  • Dorsey B. Thomas, former Speaker of the Tennessee Senate from 1869–1871 (d. 1897)
• October 19 – Charles Fellowes, Royal Navy admiral (d. 1886)
• October 20
  • Arnold Ipolyi, Hungarian bishop (d. 1886)
  • William Redman (politician), Australian politician (d. 1882)
• October 21
  • Enrico Betti, Italian mathematician (d. 1892)
  • Paul A. Chadbourne, American politician (d. 1883)
  • Frederick Halstead Teese, American politician (d. 1894)
  • Gaston Audiffret-Pasquier, French politician (d. 1905)
  • Henri, prince de La Tour d'Auvergne, French politician of the Second Empire, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Emperor Napoleon III (d. 1871)
  • Victor Lemoine, Horticulturist (d. 1911)
• October 22 – William Purdie Dickson, Minister, Professor of Divinity (d. 1901)
• October 23
  • John Reuben Thompson, American journalist, editor and poet (d. 1873)
  • Sarah Atkinson, Irish writer (d. 1893)
  • Hans Kudlich, American physician (d. 1917)
  • Dawson L. Kilgore, American politician (d. 1893)
  • François-Maximilien Bibaud, Canadian lawyer (d. 1887)
• October 24
  • Lodovico, Count Corti (d. 1888)
  • Addison H. Laflin, American politician (d. 1878)
  • Adolf von Heinleth, Bavarian General der Infanterie and war minister (d. 1895)
  • James Milton Smith, Confederate Army officer and American politician (d. 1890)
• October 25 – Henry Daly, British Indian Army general (d. 1895)
• October 26 – Frederick Peel (d. 1906)
• October 27
  • William Dunlap Simpson, 78th Governor of South Carolina from February 26 (d. 1890)
  • Andrew S. Herron, American lawyer (d. 1882)
• October 28
  • Pierre Alfred Déséglise, French botanist (d. 1883)
  • Burt Van Horn, American politician (d. 1896)
  • William Simpson (artist), Scottish artist (d. 1899)
  • Franz Xaver von Wegele, German historian (d. 1897)
• October 29 – Clement Mansfield Ingleby, English Shakespearian scholar (d. 1886)
• October 30
  • Andrew Jackson Bryant, American politician and businessman (d. 1888)
  • Gerónima Montealegre, First Lady and philanthropist (d. 1892)
  • Ernest Desjardins, French geographer (d. 1886)
• October 31
  • Charles Edward Pollock (d. 1897)
  • Alessandro Serpieri, Italian astronomer and seismologist (d. 1885)
• November 1
  • Santos Benavides, Confederate colonel during the American Civil War (d. 1891)
  • Andrew Henry (VC) (d. 1870)
• November 2
  • Walter Scovil, Canadian politician (d. 1903)
  • James R. Lofland, American politician (d. 1894)
• November 3 – Johannes Adam Simon Oertel, German-American Episcopal clergyman and artist (d. 1909)
• November 4
  • John Phillips (Wisconsin politician), American physician and politician (d. 1903)
  • John Lawrence Marye, Jr., American politician (d. 1902)
  • Robert K. Byrd, American politician and soldier (d. 1885)
  • Sir Charles Tennant, 1st Baronet, British politician (d. 1906)
  • John Welsh Dulles, American Presbyterian minister and author (d. 1887)
• November 5
  • Joseph Brown Heiskell, American politician (d. 1913)
  • William Robinson (Ontario politician), Canadian politician (d. 1912)
  • Lars Christian Dahll, Norwegian politician (d. 1908)
  • Stephen Girard Whipple (d. 1895)
• November 7 – Henry Wyndham West, British politician (d. 1893)
• November 8 – Joseph Monier, French gardener and one of the inventors of reinforced concrete (d. 1906)
• November 9 – William H. Forney, Confederate Army general and politician (d. 1894)
• November 10
  • William George McCloskey, American Catholic bishop (d. 1909)
  • Benjamin W. Harris, American politician (d. 1907)
  • Thomas Arkell, Canadian politician (d. 1906)
  • Mary Adams (educator), Women's education reformer (d. 1898)
  • Thomas Scatcherd, Canadian politician (d. 1876)
• November 11
  • Alexander J. Craig, American politician (d. 1870)
  • John Whichcord Jr., Architect (d. 1885)
  • Robert Fruin, Dutch historian (d. 1899)
  • John Marley (geologist), English mining engineer and geologist (d. 1891)
  • Joseph Tomlinson, British engineer (d. 1894)
  • George Willis (British Army officer), British Army general (d. 1900)
  • Matthew Henry Cochrane, Canadian politician (d. 1903)
  • Jakob Amsler-Laffon, mathematician (d. 1912)
• November 12 – Thomas Waterman Wood, American painter (d. 1903)
• November 13 – Charles Surtees, British politician (d. 1906)
• November 14
  • Friedrich Konrad Müller, German poet (d. 1881)
  • Karel Komzák I, Composer (d. 1893)
• November 16 – Henry G. Davis, self-made millionaire and U (d. 1916)
• November 17
  • William Clayton (architect), New Zealand colonial architect (d. 1877)
  • Edwin Leonard, American Civil War Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1900)
  • John Evans (archaeologist) (d. 1908)
• November 18
  • Charles H. Bell (politician), American politician (d. 1893)
  • Charles Buxton, English brewer (d. 1871)
  • Conrad Langaard, Norwegian businessman (d. 1897)
• November 19
  • Gustav Schleicher, United States Congressman from Texas (d. 1879)
  • Henry Case, Brigadier General in the American Civil War (d. 1884)
  • William Ward Duffield, executive in the coal industry (d. 1907)
• November 20
  • William Brinton, British doctor (d. 1867)
  • Frank Brower, American entertainer (d. 1874)
  • Bethel Henry Strousberg, German railway entrepreuner (d. 1884)
• November 21 – Carron Clementina, granddaughter of Count Carron Giovanni (d. 1912)
• November 22 – Howard Townsend, American medical academic (d. 1867)
• November 23
  • Chester I. Reed, Massachusetts politician (d. 1873)
  • Robert Sitwell, Australian lawyer and politician (d. 1912)
  • William Read Miller, 12th Governor of the State of Arkansas (d. 1887)
  • Eliza Hendricks, wife of Vice President Thomas A (d. 1903)
• November 24
  • Georg Heinrich Mettenius, German botanist (d. 1866)
  • James Hughes (representative), American politician (d. 1873)
  • Sylvester H. Roper, Inventor (d. 1896)
• November 25
  • John Acland (politician), New Zealand farmer (d. 1904)
  • Joseph Alexander Cooper, American farmer (d. 1910)
  • Benjamin H. Randall, American politician and businessman (d. 1913)
  • Eugène Follin, French ophthalmologist (d. 1867)
  • Henry Wirz, Swiss-born Confederate officer in the American Civil War (d. 1865)
• November 26
  • Leonard Eugene Wales, American judge (d. 1897)
  • Thomas Tellefsen, Norwegian musician (d. 1874)
  • James Matthews Legaré, American writer (d. 1859)
• November 27
  • James Service, Australian politician (d. 1899)
  • Sir Thomas Grove, 1st Baronet, British politician (d. 1897)
• November 28 – Mikołaj Zyblikiewicz, Polish mayor (d. 1887)
• November 29
  • Manuel Durán y Bas, Spanish politician (d. 1907)
  • La Fayette Grover, American politician (d. 1911)
  • William Henry Gibbs, manufacturer, politician (d. 1902)
• November 30
  • Thérèse Elfforss, Swedish actor and theatre director (d. 1905)
  • Nathanael Pringsheim, German botanist (d. 1894)
  • Tom Arnold (literary scholar) (d. 1900)
  • Brewster Higley, American writer (d. 1911)
• December 1
  • Karl Schenk, Swiss pastor (d. 1895)
  • Ezekiel Baker (Australian politician) (d. 1912)
  • Auguste François Le Jolis, French botanist (d. 1904)
  • Ernest Reyer (d. 1909)
• December 2
  • Oscar Dickson, Swedish explorer of the Arctic (d. 1897)
  • Erastus Wells, American politician (d. 1893)
• December 4 – Franz Heinrich Reusch, Old Catholic theologian (d. 1900)
• December 5 – John Henry Upshur, admiral in the United States Navy during the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War (d. 1917)
• December 6
  • George W. Cowles, American politician (d. 1901)
  • Friedrich Max Müller, German Orientalist (d. 1900)
  • Johannes Brand, South African politician (d. 1888)
• December 7
  • Leopold Kronecker, German mathematician who worked on number theory (d. 1891)
  • Karl Hoffmann (naturalist), German naturalist (d. 1859)
• December 8
  • Trenor W. Park, American politician (d. 1882)
  • James Whelan (bishop), American Catholic bishop (d. 1878)
• December 9 – Rosalie Olivecrona, Swedish writer (d. 1898)
• December 10
  • Wilhelm Kuhe, German musician (d. 1912)
  • Theodor Kirchner, German musician (d. 1903)
• December 11
  • Adam Oliver, Canadian politician (d. 1882)
  • John Jacob Esher (d. 1901)
  • Charles DeForest Fredricks, American photographer (d. 1894)
  • David Bennett (musician), Canadian music educator (d. 1902)
  • William Mordecai Cooke, Sr., American politician (d. 1863)
• December 12
  • Władysław Ludwik Anczyc, Polish poet and translator (d. 1883)
  • Jacob Kamm, American businessman (d. 1912)
• December 13
  • Emil Anneke, American journalist and politician (d. 1888)
  • George Schneider (banker), American journalist (d. 1905)
  • Walsham How (d. 1897)
  • Ferdinand Büchner, German flautist and composer (d. 1906)
  • Jules Louis Lewal, French general (d. 1908)
• December 14 – Pierre-Étienne Fortin, Canadian politician (d. 1888)
• December 15
  • Bernard John McQuaid, Catholic bishop (d. 1909)
  • Edward Clarke Lowe, British priest (d. 1912)
  • August Davidov, Mathematician (d. 1885)
• December 18
  • William Henry Walsh, Australian politician (d. 1888)
  • Charles-Édouard Houde, merchant and political figure in Quebec (d. 1912)
• December 19
  • Joseph Edkins, British linguist (d. 1905)
  • John Collins Covell, American educator and school administrator (d. 1887)
  • William Berrian Vail, Canadian politician (d. 1904)
• December 20
  • Thomas T. Fauntleroy (lawyer), Virginia attorney, politician, soldier and judge (d. 1894)
  • Charles Creagh-Osborne, British Army general (d. 1892)
  • Augustus Jessopp, British school headmaster (d. 1914)
• December 21
  • Rodney Wallace (Massachusetts), American politician (d. 1903)
  • Asbjørn Kloster, Norwegian activist (d. 1876)
• December 22
  • Thomas Wentworth Higginson, American Unitarian minister and abolitionist (d. 1911)
  • Thomas-Philippe Pelletier, Canadian politician (d. 1913)
  • Jean-Henri Fabre, French entomologist (d. 1915)
  • Chaim David Lippe, Austrian Jewish publisher and bibliographer (d. 1900)
  • Calvin C. Bliss, American politician (d. 1891)
• December 23
  • Thomas W. Evans, American dentist (d. 1897)
  • Jozef Van Lerius, Belgian painter in the Romantic-Historical style (d. 1876)
  • Robert F. Ligon, American politician (d. 1901)
• December 24
  • John Randolph Tucker (politician), American politician (d. 1897)
  • George Martin Lane (d. 1897)
  • Henry Dunckley, British minister and newspaper editor (d. 1896)
  • William Brighty Rands, English children's writer (d. 1882)
  • William Clifford (bishop), Catholic bishop (d. 1893)
• December 25
  • Edmund Chipp, English organist and composer (d. 1886)
  • Preston Smith (general), Confederate States Army general during American Civil War (d. 1863)
• December 26
  • Jacob K. Shafer, American politician (d. 1876)
  • John Elliott Cairnes, Irish economist (d. 1875)
• December 27 – Mackenzie Bowell, 5th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1917)
• December 28
  • Thomas A. Scott, American railroad executive and businessperson (d. 1881)
  • Asa Ames, Visual artist (d. 1851)
• December 29
  • Désiré (baritone), French opera singer (d. 1873)
  • Augusta Theodosia Drane, English writer and Roman Catholic nun (d. 1894)
  • Thomas Buchecker Cooper, American politician (d. 1862)
• December 30
  • Hermann David Weber, Physician (d. 1918)
  • Gillis Pieter de Neve, Dutch general (d. 1883)
• December 31
  • William Orcutt Cushing, American Unitarian minister and hymn writer (d. 1902)
  • James McHall Jones, United States federal judge (d. 1851)

Deaths

January–June

• January 21 – Gideon Olin, American politician (b. 1743)
• January 26 – Edward Jenner, English physician and medical researcher (b. 1749)
• February 7 – Ann Radcliffe, English writer (b. 1764)
• February 21 – Charles Wolfe, Irish poet (b. 1791)
• March 1 – Pierre-Jean Garat, French Basque opera singer (b. 1764)
• March 14
  • Charles François Dumouriez, French general (b. 1739)
  • John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent, British Royal Navy admiral (b. 1735)
• March 18 – Jean-Baptiste Bréval, French cellist (b. 1753)
• June 1 – Louis-Nicolas Davout, French marshal (b. 1770)
• June 19 – William Combe, English writer, poet and adventurer (b. 1742)

July–December

Giovanni Battista Belzoni

• August 7 – Mátyás Laáb, Croatian writer and translator (b. 1746)
• August 20 – Pope Pius VII, Italian Benedictine (b. 1742)
• August 22 – Lazare Carnot, French general, politician and mathematician (b. 1753)
• September 11 – David Ricardo, English economist (b. 1772)
• September 23 – Matthew Baillie, Scottish physician and pathologist (b. 1761)
• September 28 – Charlotte Melmoth, English-born American actress (b. 1749)
• November 9 – Vasily Kapnist, Ukrainian Russian poet and dramatist (b. 1758)
• December 3 – Giovanni Battista Belzoni, Italian explorer and pioneer archaeologist of Egypt (b. 1778)