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Jim Beam

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Jim Beam
File:Jim Beam logo.svg
Logo
TypeBourbon whiskey
ManufacturerBeam Suntory
Country of origin United States
Introduced
  • 1795 "Old Jake Beam Sour Mash"
  • 1880, "Old Tub"
  • 1943, "Jim Beam"
Proof (US)80, 86, 100
Websitejimbeam.com

Jim Beam is an American brand of bourbon whiskey produced in Clermont, Kentucky, by Beam Suntory. It is one of the best-selling brands of bourbon in the world. Since 1795 (interrupted by Prohibition), seven generations of the Beam family have been involved in whiskey production for the company that produces the brand. The brand name became "Jim Beam" in 1943 in honor of James B. Beam, who rebuilt the business after Prohibition ended. Previously produced by the Beam family and later owned by the Fortune Brands holding company, the brand was purchased by Suntory Holdings in 2014.

History

During the late 18th century, members of the Böhm family, who eventually changed the spelling of their surname to "Beam", emigrated from Germany and settled in Kentucky.[1] Johannes "Jacob" Beam (1760–1834) was a farmer who began producing whiskey in the style that became bourbon. Jacob Beam sold his first barrels of corn whiskey around 1795,[2] then called Old Jake Beam Sour Mash.[citation needed] Beam's son David Beam (1802–1854) took on his father's responsibilities in 1820 at age 18, expanding distribution of the family's bourbon during a time of Industrial Revolution. David M. Beam (1833–1913) in 1854 moved the distillery to Nelson County to capitalize on the growing network of railroad lines connecting states.[clarification needed] Until 1880, customers would bring their own jugs to the distillery to fill them with whiskey. In 1880, the company started bottling the product and selling it nationally under the brand name "Old Tub".[3] James Beauregard Beam (1864–1947) managed the family business before and after Prohibition, rebuilding the distillery in 1933–1934 in Clermont, Kentucky, near his Bardstown home.

A 375 mL can of Jim Beam Cola

In 1943, the brand name was changed from "Old Tub" to "Jim Beam",[3] after James Beauregard Beam, and some of the bottle labels bear the statement, "None Genuine Without My Signature" with the signature James B. Beam.[citation needed] In 1945, the company was purchased by Harry Blum, a Chicago spirits merchant.[2] The Beam company was purchased by American Brands in 1968.[2] T. Jeremiah Beam (1899–1977) started working at the Clear Springs distillery in 1913, later becoming the master distiller and overseeing operations at the new Clermont facility. Jeremiah Beam eventually gained full ownership and opened a second distillery near Boston, Kentucky, in 1954. Jeremiah later teamed up with childhood friend Jimberlain Joseph Quinn, to expand the enterprise.[clarification needed]

Booker Noe (Frederick Booker Noe II, 1929–2004),[4] grandson of Jim Beam, was the Master Distiller at the Jim Beam Distillery for more than 40 years, working closely with Master Distiller Jerry Dalton. In 1987 Booker introduced his namesake bourbon, Booker's, the company's first uncut, straight-from-the-barrel bourbon,[citation needed] and the first of the company's "Small Batch Bourbon Collection". Fred Noe (Frederick Booker Noe III, 1957–) became the seventh generation Beam family distiller in 2007 and regularly travels for promotional purposes.

In 1987, Jim Beam purchased National Distillers, acquiring brands including Old Crow,[5] Bourbon de Luxe, Old Taylor, Old Grand-Dad, and Sunny Brook.[6] Old Taylor was subsequently sold to the Sazerac Company. Jim Beam was part of the holding company formerly known as Fortune Brands that was dismantled in 2011. Other parts of the remaining company were spun off as an IPO on the NYSE on the same day, as Fortune Brands Home & Security, and the liquor division of the holding company was renamed Beam, Inc. on October 4, 2011. In January 2014, it was announced that Beam Inc. would be purchased by Suntory Holdings Ltd., a Japanese group of brewers & distillers known for producing Japan's first whiskey. The combined company is known as Beam Suntory.

On August 4, 2003, a fire destroyed a Jim Beam aging warehouse in Bardstown, Kentucky. It held 15,000 barrels (795,000 US gal or 3,010,000 L)[note 1] of bourbon. Flames rose more than 100 feet from the structure. Burning bourbon spilled from the warehouse into a nearby creek. An estimated 19,000 fish died of the bourbon in the creek and a river.[8][9] On July 3, 2019, another warehouse caught ablaze which destroyed around 45,000 barrels (2,385,000 US gal or 9,030,000 L)[note 1] of bourbon.[10] The fire led to the spillage of bourbon into the Kentucky River and Glenns Creek.[11] Learning from the 2003 fire it was decided not to use water, letting it burn itself out to reduce runoff into the ecosystem. The Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet (KEEC) released a statement via their official Facebook page stating the alcohol plume had reached 23 mi (37 km) between Owenton and Carrollton.[12] The KEEC along with local and federal agencies used aeration to increase the oxygen levels in the water to prevent additional fish kill.

Distillers

  • Freddie Noe (1988–present)
  • Fred Noe (1957–present)
  • Fred Booker Noe II (1929–2004)
  • T. Jeremiah Beam (1899–1977)
  • James B. Beam (1864–1947)
  • David M. Beam (1833–1913)
  • David Beam (1802–1854)
  • Jacob Beam (1760–1834)

Distilleries

  • James B. Beam Distilling Co. in Clermont, KY
  • Jim Beam Booker Noe Plant in Boston, KY
  • Jim Beam Old Grand Dad Plant in Frankfort, KY
  • Fred B Noe Distillery in Clermont,KY

Products

Jim Beam White Label, Beam's high-volume label
A 375 mL can of Jim Beam Black mixed with Cola. Double served. 6.9% ALC/VOL
Red Stag black cherry bourbon liqueur

Several varieties bearing the Jim Beam name are available.[13]

Straight bourbon whiskey

  • Jim Beam Original (white label) – aged 4 years in new charred oak barrels, 80 proof, the flagship whiskey
  • Jim Beam Black (black label) – "extra aged"; was age stated at 8 years (6 years in export markets), but dropped the age statement at the beginning of 2015[14] – 86 proof
  • Jim Beam Devil's Cut – aged 6 years,[15] uses bourbon extracted from the cask's wood after emptying, 90 proof
  • Jim Beam Bonded (metallic gold label) – aged 4 years, 100 proof, bottled in bond
  • Jim Beam Double Oak (dark blue label) – matured in two barrels
  • Jim Beam Single Barrel -108 proof.

Premium bourbons

  • Jim Beam Signature Craft bourbon whiskey – aged 12 years, 86 proof[16]
  • Jim Beam Signature Craft Quarter Cask Bourbon – bourbon aged at least 5 years and finished in a variety of quarter-size casks for at least an additional 4 years
  • Jim Beam Harvest Collection (limited release) – six bourbons aged 11 years or more, each made with a particular secondary grain, including triticale, high rye, six-row barley, soft red wheat, brown rice, and whole rolled oat
  • Jim Beam Distiller's Masterpiece – finished in Pedro Ximénez sherry casks – 100 proof

Straight rye whiskey

  • Jim Beam Rye (green label) – rye whiskey, aged 4 years, 90 proof

"White whiskey"

  • Jacob's Ghost – 80 proof, aged one year in uncharred barrels and filtered

Liqueurs

All are 70 proof (35% ABV) except Jim Beam Red Stag (40% ABV), Jim Beam Peach and Jim Beam Honey (32.5% ABV)

  • Jim Beam Apple – with apple flavoring
  • Jim Beam Honey – with honey flavoring[17]
  • Jim Beam Kentucky Fire – with cinnamon flavoring[18]
  • Jim Beam Maple – with maple flavoring
  • Jim Beam Red Stag – with black cherry flavoring
  • Jim Beam Vanilla – with vanilla flavoring
  • Jim Beam Peach – with peach flavoring
  • Jim Beam Orange – with orange flavoring

Beam's "Small Batch Bourbon Collection" consists of several bourbons where the Beam name appears on the labels and marketing materials but is less prominent.

Several of these offerings have performed quite well at international spirits ratings competitions. For example, Jim Beam's Black label was awarded a double gold medal at the 2009 San Francisco World Spirits Competition.[19] Jim Beam Black also won a Gold Outstanding medal at the 2013 International Wine and Spirit Competition.[20]

Process

Bourbon whiskey distillers must follow government standards for production. By law (27 CFR 5), any "straight" bourbon must be: produced in the United States; made of a grain mix of at least 51% corn; distilled at no higher than 160 proof (80% ABV); free of any additives (except water to reduce proof for aging and bottling); aged in new, charred oak barrels; entered into the aging barrels at no higher than 125 proof (62.5% ABV), aged for a minimum of 2 years, and bottled at no less than 80 proof (40% ABV).

Jim Beam starts with water filtered naturally by the limestone shelf found in Central Kentucky. A strain of yeast used since the end of Prohibition is added to a tank with the grains to create what is known as "dona yeast", used later in the fermentation process. Hammermills grind the mix of corn, rye and barley malt to break it down for easier cooking. The mix is then moved into a large mash cooker where water and set back are added. The "set back" is a portion of the old mash from the previous distillation—the key step of the sour mash process, ensuring consistency from batch to batch. The distillery produces two different whiskeys based on two different mash bills, each used depending on the product line.[21]

From the cooker, the mash heads to the fermenter where it is cooled to 60–70 °F (16–21 °C) and yeast is added again. The yeast is fed by the sugars in the mash, producing heat, carbon dioxide and alcohol. Called "distiller's beer" or "wash", the resulting liquid (after filtering to remove solids) looks, smells and tastes like (and essentially is) a form of beer. The wash is pumped into a column still where it is heated to over 200 °F (93 °C), causing the alcohol to turn to a vapor.

The high wine at about 125 proof is moved to new charred American oak barrels,[21] each of which hold about 53 US gallons (200 L) of liquid. A "bung" is used to seal the barrels before moving them to nearby hilltop rackhouses where they will age up to nine years. As the seasons change, natural weather variations expand and contract the barrel wood, allowing bourbon to seep into the barrel, and the caramelized sugars from the charred oak flavor and color the bourbon. A significant portion (known as the "angel's share") of the bourbon escapes the barrel through evaporation, or stays trapped in the wood of the barrel.[22][full citation needed] Jim Beam ages for at least four years, or twice as long as the government requires for a "straight" bourbon. Aging for at least four years also allows the distillery to legally dispense with an age statement on the bottle.

Global markets

Jim Beam is one of the best-selling brands of bourbon in the world.[23][24] Outside the United States, Beam Global Spirits & Wine has had a sales and distribution alliance with The Edrington Group since 2009.[25]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b A typical bourbon barrel contains about 53 US gal or 200 L.[7]

References

  1. ^ Hilger, Rainer (2004). "Jim Beam Distillery - Allgemeines" (PDF). Ein Führer zu den Distilleries in Kentucky [Kentucky Distillery Tour Guide] (in German). Pfaffenweiler WP-Verl. pp. 15–18. ISBN 3-00-014226-6.
  2. ^ a b c "Alcohol History: Whiskey and other Liquor History" (Slide show). Beam Suntory. Archived from the original on July 7, 2017. Retrieved August 5, 2017.
  3. ^ a b "Beam's History". jimbeam.com. Beam Suntory. Archived from the original on April 1, 2016. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  4. ^ Prial, Frank J. (February 27, 2004). "F. Booker Noe II, 74, Master Bourbon Distiller". The New York Times. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  5. ^ "Old Crow Whiskey, a fine Bourbon". whiskeywise.com. Archived from the original on January 8, 2007. Retrieved March 26, 2011.
  6. ^ "National Distillers Products". bottlebooks.com. Digger Odell Publications. Retrieved March 26, 2011.
  7. ^ Archie, Ayana; Smith, Emily (July 5, 2018). "2 weeks ago, half a bourbon warehouse collapsed. Now, the other half is down". CNN.com.
  8. ^ "Jim Beam will pay state for fish killed after fire". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Associated Press. September 10, 2003. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014.
  9. ^ Verzoni, Angelo (March–April 2018). "Small Scale, High Proof". NFPA Journal. Vol. 112, no. 2. National Fire Protection Association. pp. 44–49. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  10. ^ Murphy, Paul P. (July 3, 2019). "A Jim Beam warehouse filled with 45,000 barrels of bourbon still burning". CNN.com. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
  11. ^ Tobin, Benjamin (July 5, 2019). "Jim Beam fire: Kentucky bourbon expert estimates $50 million lost". The Courier-Journal. Retrieved July 6, 2019.
  12. ^ Falconer, Rebecca (July 8, 2019). "Dead fish litter Kentucky River after Jim Beam fire". Axios. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  13. ^ "Kentucky Straight Bourbon Whiskey Liquor Drinks". jimbeam.com. Archived from the original on October 29, 2012. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  14. ^ "Jim Beam Black Extra Aged Kentucky Straight Bourbon Whiskey [Formerly 8yr Aged]". Proof66.com. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  15. ^ "Jim Beam Devil's Cut 90 Proof Kentucky Straight Bourbon Whiskey". Proof66.com. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  16. ^ "Jim Beam Signature Craft". jimbeam.com. Archived from the original on October 24, 2013.
  17. ^ "Jim Beam Honey Spirit Drink". Proof66.com. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  18. ^ "Jim Beam Kentucky Fire". jimbeam.com. Archived from the original on August 11, 2014.
  19. ^ "2009 Results by Brand" (PDF). sfspiritscomp.com. San Francisco World Spirits Competition. p. 23. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  20. ^ "Spirit Details: Jim Beam Black Bourbon Whiskey 8YO". iwsc.net. International Wine and Spirit Competition. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013.
  21. ^ a b Waymack, Mark H.; Harris, James F. (1995). The Book of Classic American Whiskeys. Open Court. p. 113. ISBN 0812693051. OL 784496M.
  22. ^ Jim Beam Bourbon-Making Process, documented by Beam Global Spirits & Wine, September 2008
  23. ^ Carlton, C.H. (2017). Barrel Strength Bourbon: The Explosive Growth of America's Whiskey. Clerisy Press. p. 189. ISBN 978-1-57860-576-7. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
  24. ^ Riell, Howard (September 1998). "Spirit of America - More about Bourbon". Cheers. Beveragenet. Archived from the original on May 1, 2006.
  25. ^ "Beam Global Spirits & Wine and The Edrington Group Launch International Sales and Distribution Alliance" (Press release). Business Wire. April 1, 2009. Retrieved April 12, 2016.
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