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Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit

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Archdiocese of Detroit

Archidioecesis Detroitensis
Location
Country United States
TerritoryCounties of Lapeer, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne
Ecclesiastical provinceDetroit
Statistics
Area3,901 km2 (1,506 sq mi)
Population
- Total
- Catholics		(as of 2013)
4,660,000
1,549,000[1] (33.2%)
Parishes260[1]
Information
DenominationCatholic
RiteRoman Rite
EstablishedMarch 8, 1833 (191 years ago)
CathedralCathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament
Patron saintSt. Anne
Current leadership
PopeFrancis
ArchbishopAllen Henry Vigneron
Auxiliary BishopsGerard William Battersby
José Cepeda
Robert Joseph Fisher
Donald Hanchon
Vicar GeneralVery Rev. Jeff Day
Bishops emeritusAdam Joseph Cardinal Maida
Thomas Gumbleton
Francis R. Reiss
Map
Website
Archdiocese website

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit (Template:Lang-la) is an archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church covering (as of 2005) the Michigan counties of Lapeer, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne. It is the metropolitan archdiocese for the Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical Province of Detroit, which includes all dioceses in the state of Michigan. In addition, in 2000 the archdiocese accepted pastoral responsibility[2] for the Roman Catholic Church in the Cayman Islands, which consists of Saint Ignatius Parish[3] on Grand Cayman (the Archdiocese of Kingston maintains a mission sui iuris jurisdiction over the Cayman Islands).[4]

Established as the Diocese of Detroit on March 8, 1833, it was elevated to archiepiscopal status on May 22, 1937. Ste. Anne's in Detroit is the second oldest continuously-operating Roman Catholic Parish in the United States dating from July 26, 1701; it now serves a large Hispanic congregation.[5][6]

The Cathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament, located at 9844 Woodward Avenue, in Detroit has served as the mother church since 1938. Earlier cathedrals were: Ste. Anne de Detroit, 1833 to 1848;[7] Sts. Peter and Paul Church, 1848 to 1877;[8] 1877 to 1890, St. Aloysius (as pro-cathedral), 1890 to 1938, St. Patrick's Church at 124 Adelaide Street .[9]

History

See also: History of Detroit
Ste. Anne de Détroit, founded in 1701, is the second oldest continuously operating Roman Catholic parish in the United States. The present church was completed in 1887.

Before the Diocese of Detroit was formed, Michigan had been under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Diocese of Quebec from 1701 until sometime after 1796; de facto American sovereignty was established in that year. At the time, the Diocese of Baltimore encompassed the whole of the United States. Upon the creation of diocesan seats at Bardstown (1808) and later, at Cincinnati (1821), Detroit and Michigan were assigned to those sees.

Pope Gregory XVI formed the Diocese of Detroit March 8, 1833, and named Frederick Rese as its first bishop. At the time it covered Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota and the Dakotas to the Missouri River. In 1843, all territory of the diocese not incorporated into the State of Michigan was transferred to the Diocese of Milwaukee.

On July 29, 1853, Pope Pius IX formed the Vicarate Apostolic of Upper Michigan, with responsibility for the Upper Peninsula. The territory of the diocese would be further reduced to its current size by the organization of the dioceses of Grand Rapids (1882), Lansing (1937), and shortly after the see was elevated to the status of an archdiocese, Saginaw (1938).[1]

The son of Prussian Polish immigrants, Rev. John A. Lemke, born in Detroit on February 10, 1866, was the first native-born Roman Catholic priest of Polish descent to be ordained in America. He was baptized at St. Mary Roman Catholic Church (1843), at the corner of St. Antoine and Croghan (Monroe Street), on February 18, 1866, attended St. Albertus for his primary education, and studied at Detroit College (now the University of Detroit Mercy), where he received a bachelor's degree in 1884. After attending St. Mary's in Baltimore, he completed his theological studies at St. Francis Seminary in Monroe, Michigan, and he was ordained by Bishop John Samuel Foley in 1889. His added confirmation name was Aloysius.[10]

In January 1989, Cardinal Edmund Szoka implemented a controversial plan to close 30 churches within the city of Detroit. He also ordered 25 other parishes to improve their situation or also face closure.[11] The plan resulted from a five-year study which analyzed maintenance costs, priest availability, parish income and membership before recommending closure of 43 parishes.[12]

The Associationa of Religion Data Archives indicated a Catholic membership in the archdiocese of 907,605.[13]

Former archdiocesan coat of arms, 1937–2017

On May 5, 2011, Archbishop Allen Vigneron announced that Pope Benedict XVI approved his request to name Saint Anne as patroness of Detroit. The Papal decree stated that Saint Anne has been the city's patroness since time immemorial.[14]

On February 21, 2012, Vigneron announced a second plan to consolidate churches to address declining membership and clergy availability within the archdiocese. Under the plan, two parishes would close in 2012 and 60 others were to consolidate into 21 by the end of 2013. Six additional parishes were asked to submit a viable plan to repay debt or merge with other churches and the remaining 214 parishes in the archdiocese were asked to submit plans by the end of 2012 to share resources or merge.[15]

On June 3, 2017, the archdiocese adopted a new coat of arms featuring the archdiocesan patroness St. Anne, three stars representing the Trinity, a door representing Blessed Solanus Casey of Detroit, and waves representing the Great Lakes. It replaced a coat of arms featuring antlers and martlets that was adopted upon the diocese's elevation to archdiocese in 1937.[16]

Architecture

See also: Architecture of metropolitan Detroit
Name[17] Image Year Location Style Architect Notes
Academy of the Sacred Heart aka Grosse Pointe Academy 1928 171 Lake Shore Road, Grosse Pointe Farms
42°23′35″N 82°53′37″W / 42.39306°N 82.89361°W / 42.39306; -82.89361 (Academy of the Sacred Heart) 		Tudor Revival William Schickel,
Magginnis and Walsh 		Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary Church 1928 13770 Gratiot Ave., Detroit
42°25′40″N 82°58′52″W / 42.42778°N 82.98111°W / 42.42778; -82.98111 (Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary Church)]] 		Neo-Gothic, Herman & Simons Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
Bishop Gallagher Residence 1925 1880 Wellesley, Detroit
42°26′3″N 83°7′4″W / 42.43417°N 83.11778°W / 42.43417; -83.11778 (Bishop Gallagher Residence) 		Tudor Revival McGinnis and Walsh Part of the Palmer Woods Historic District listed on the National Register of Historic Places,[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17] Sold in 1989
Cathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament 1913 9844 Woodward Ave., Detroit
42°23′17″N 83°5′6″W / 42.38806°N 83.08500°W / 42.38806; -83.08500 (Blessed Sacrement Roman Catholic Church Complex) 		Neo-Gothic Henry A. Walsh Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
Chapel of St. Theresa-the Little Flower, aka St. Patrick's 1926 58 Parsons St., Detroit
42°20′54″N 83°3′36″W / 42.34833°N 83.06000°W / 42.34833; -83.06000 (Chapel of St. Theresa-the Little Flower, aka St. Patricks) 		Neo-Romanesque Donaldson and Meier Listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[18] Formerly a chapel of St. Patrick's Cathedral; closed in 2015
Most Holy Redeemer Church 1922 1721 Junction Ave., Detroit
42°19′2″N 83°6′7″W / 42.31722°N 83.10194°W / 42.31722; -83.10194 (Most Holy Redeemer Church) 		Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Late Victorian, Romanesque Donaldson and Meier Part of the West Vernor-Junction Historic District listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
Sacred Heart Major Seminary 1923 2701 W. Chicago Blvd., Detroit
42°22′27″N 86°6′41″W / 42.37417°N 86.11139°W / 42.37417; -86.11139 (Sacred Heart Major Seminary) 		Classical Revival, Collegiate Gothic Donaldson and Meier Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site[17] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
Sacred Heart Roman Catholic Church 1875 1000 Elliot Street, Detroit 42°21′3″N 83°2′47″W / 42.35083°N 83.04639°W / 42.35083; -83.04639 (Sacred Heart Roman Catholic Church) Italianate, Romanesque Revival Peter J. Diederichs Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
St. Albertus Roman Catholic Church 1885 4231 St. Aubin Street, Detroit 42°21′36″N 83°2′31″W / 42.36000°N 83.04194°W / 42.36000; -83.04194 (St. Albertus Roman Catholic Church) Gothic Revival Henry Engelbert Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
St. Aloysius Church and Chancery 1924
1930 		1234 Washington Boulevard, Detroit
42°19′58″N 83°3′3″W / 42.33278°N 83.05083°W / 42.33278; -83.05083 (St. Aloysious Roman Catholic Church Complex) 		Romanesque Revival Donaldson and Meier Part of the Washington Boulevard Historic District listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17] Chancery sold in 2015 and offices relocated.[19]
St. Anthony Cathedral Abbey Roman Catholic Church 1901 5247 Sheridan Street, Detroit Romanesque Revival Donaldson and Meier Listed as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
Ste. Anne de Detroit Catholic Church 1886 1000 Ste. Anne Street, Detroit
42°19′14.83″N 83°4′16.16″W / 42.3207861°N 83.0711556°W / 42.3207861; -83.0711556 (Ste. Anne de Detroit Catholic Church) 		Classical Revival, Late Gothic Revival Leon Coquard Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
St. Bonaventure Monastery 1883 1740 Mt. Elliott, Detroit
42°21′4″N 83°0′52″W / 42.35111°N 83.01444°W / 42.35111; -83.01444 (St. Bonaventure Monastery) 		Gothic Revival Peter J. Diederichs Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
St. Catherine of Siena Roman Catholic Church 1929 4151 Seminole, Detroit
42°22′17″N 83°0′23″W / 42.37139°N 83.00639°W / 42.37139; -83.00639 (St. Catherine of Siena Roman Catholic Church) 		Romanesque Revival Donaldson and Meier Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
St. Charles Borromeo Roman Catholic Church 1912 1515 Baldwin Street, Detroit
42°21′18″N 83°0′7″W / 42.35500°N 83.00194°W / 42.35500; -83.00194 (St. Charles Borromeo Roman Catholic Church) 		Late 19th And 20th Century Revivals, Prairie School, Romanesque Van Leyen & Schilling; Peter Dederichs Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
St. Florian Church 1928 2626 Poland Street, Hamtramck
42°23′39″N 83°3′33″W / 42.39417°N 83.05917°W / 42.39417; -83.05917 (St. Florian Roman Catholic Church Complex) 		Late Gothic Revival, Bungalow/Craftsman Ralph Adams Cram Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
St. Hugo in the Hills Catholic Church 1931, 1989 2215 Opdyke Road, Bloomfield Hills Gothic Revival Artur Des Rossiers, Harley Ellington Pierce Yee & Associates
St. Josaphat Roman Catholic Church 1901 715 E. Canfield Avenue, Detroit
42°21′21″N 83°3′10″W / 42.35583°N 83.05278°W / 42.35583; -83.05278 (St. Josaphat's Roman Catholic Church) 		Romanesque Revival Joseph G. Kastler, William E. N. Hunter Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
St. Joseph Roman Catholic Church 1870 1828 Jay Street, Detroit
42°20′43″N 83°2′8″W / 42.34528°N 83.03556°W / 42.34528; -83.03556 (St. Joseph Roman Catholic Church) 		Late Gothic Revival; German Hall Church Francis G. Himpler; Donaldson and Meier St. Joseph's is an authentic German parish noted for its architecture and stained glass. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
St. Mary Roman Catholic Church 1875 646 Monroe Street, Detroit
42°20′9″N 83°2′26″W / 42.33583°N 83.04056°W / 42.33583; -83.04056 (Old St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church) 		Romanesque Revival Peter J. Dederichs Listed as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
Saints Peter and Paul Church 1848 629 E. Jefferson Avenue, Detroit
42°19′55″N 83°2′18″W / 42.33194°N 83.03833°W / 42.33194; -83.03833 (Saints Peter and Paul Church) 		Romanesque Revival Francis Letouneau, Peter Kindenkins Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
Saints Peter and Paul Academy, aka St. Patrick Senior Center 1892 64 Parsons Street, Detroit
42°20′54″N 83°3′37″W / 42.34833°N 83.06028°W / 42.34833; -83.06028 (Saints Peter and Paul Academy, St. Patrick Senor Center) 		Gothic Revival Leon Coquard Listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[18]
St. Stanislaus Bishop and Martyr Roman Catholic Church 1900 5818 Dubois, Detroit
42°22′19″N 83°2′49″W / 42.37194°N 83.04694°W / 42.37194; -83.04694 (St. Stanislaus Bishop and Martyr Roman Catholic Church) 		Late Gothic Revival, Beaux-Arts, Renaissance Kastler & Hunter, Harry J. Rill Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
St. Theresa of Avila Roman Catholic Church 1919 8666 Quincy Avenue, Detroit
42°21′49″N 83°7′11″W / 42.36361°N 83.11972°W / 42.36361; -83.11972 (St. Theresa of Avila Roman Catholic Church) 		Romanesque Revival Van Leyen, Schilling & Keough, Edward Schilling Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
Saint Paul Catholic Church[20] 1899 157 Lake Shore Road, Grosse Pointe Farms
42°23′41″N 82°53′37″W / 42.39472°N 82.89361°W / 42.39472; -82.89361 (Saint Paul Catholic Church Complex) 		French Gothic Harry J. Rill Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
National Shrine of the Little Flower Basilica 1936 1200 W. Twelve Mile Road, Royal Oak
42°30′14″N 83°9′26″W / 42.50389°N 83.15722°W / 42.50389; -83.15722 (Shrine of the Little Flower Church Complex) 		Art Deco Henry J. McGill Constructed by "Radio Priest" Fr. Charles Coughlin and declared a National Shrine in 1998. Delcared a Minor Basilica in 2015.
Sweetest Heart of Mary Roman Catholic Church 1893 4440 Russell Street, Detroit
42°21′30″N 83°2′52″W / 42.35833°N 83.04778°W / 42.35833; -83.04778 (St. Theresa of Avila Roman Catholic Church) 		Gothic Revival Spier and Rohns Detroit's largest Catholic Church designed in a Victorian Gothic Cathedral style. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places[18] and as a Michigan Historic Site.[17]
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Bishops

Cathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament in Detroit

Bishops of Detroit

  1. Frederick Rese (1833–1871)
  2. Caspar Borgess (1871–1887)
  3. John Samuel Foley (1888–1918)
  4. Michael Gallagher (1918-1937)

Archbishops of Detroit

  1. Cardinal Edward Aloysius Mooney (1937-1958)
  2. Cardinal John Francis Dearden (1958-1980)
  3. Cardinal Edmund Casimir Szoka (1981-1990), appointed President of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See and later President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State and Governatorate of Vatican City State
  4. Cardinal Adam Joseph Maida (1990-2009)[21]
  5. Allen Henry Vigneron (2009-present)[22]

Coadjutor bishop (who did not become diocesan bishop)

Auxiliary Bishops

Other priests of this diocese who became bishops

Schools

Main article: List of schools in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit
Mercy High School in Farmington Hills

As of 2013 the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit had 96 schools with 30,000 students. As of 2013 there are four Catholic grade schools and three Catholic high schools in the City of Detroit, with all of them in the city's west side.[24]

In the 1964-1965 school year, there were 360 schools operated by the archdiocese, with about 110 grade schools in Detroit, Hamtramck, and Highland Park and 55 high schools in those three cities. There were a total of 203,000 students in the Catholic schools. The Catholic school population has decreased due to the increase of charter schools, increasing tuition at Catholic schools, the small number of African-American Catholics, White Catholics moving to suburbs, and the decreased number of teaching nuns.[24]

Universities and colleges

Suffragan sees

Ecclesiastical Province of Detroit

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c "Archdiocese of Detroit". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  2. ^ "St. Ignatius Parish". Archdiocese of Detroit. Retrieved January 21, 2011.
  3. ^ "About the parish". Saint Ignatius Parish. July 17, 2010. Archived from the original on March 5, 2011. Retrieved January 21, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ "Mission "Sui Iuris" of Cayman Islands". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  5. ^ Woodford, Arthur M. (2001). This is Detroit 1701–2001. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. p. 19. ISBN 0-8143-2914-4.
  6. ^ Poremba, David Lee (2001). Detroit in Its World Setting (timeline). Wayne State University. p. 7. ISBN 0-8143-2870-9.
  7. ^ "History". Archdiocese of Detroit. Retrieved March 16, 2016.
  8. ^ "History". Ss. Peter and Paul Jesuit Church.,
  9. ^ Austin, Dan. "St. Patrick Catholic Church". Historic Detroit.
  10. ^ Treppa, Alan R. Rev. John A. Lemke: America's First Native Born Roman Catholic Priest.St. Albertus.org. Retrieved on July 25, 2008. Archived July 7, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ "Cardinal of Detroit Orders 30 Parishes In the City to Close". The New York Times. Associated Press. January 9, 1989. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
  12. ^ "Detroit Prelate Backs Plan to Close 43 Churches". Los Angeles Times. October 15, 1988. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
  13. ^ "County Membership Report: Wayne County, Michigan". Association of Religion Data Archives. 2010.
  14. ^ Kohn, Joe (May 6, 2011). "Saint Anne declared patroness for Church of Detroit". The Michigan Catholic. Archdiocese of Detroit. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
  15. ^ Brand-Williams, Orlandar (February 21, 2012). "31 Catholic parishes face consolidation". The Detroit News. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
  16. ^ Stechschulte, Mike (June 3, 2017). "Archdiocese's new coat of arms a visual reminder of Church's mission". The Michigan Catholic. Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit. Retrieved September 30, 2018.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Historic sites online.Michigan Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved on December 11, 2007. Archived March 13, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w National Register of Historic Places - Michigan: Wayne County. National Park Service. Retrieved on December 12, 2007.
  19. ^ "New Chancery, new beginning: Better to serve". The Michigan Catholic. February 20, 2015. Retrieved March 16, 2016.
  20. ^ St. Paul Roman Catholic Church Complex Archived June 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Michigan Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved on December 11, 2007.
  21. ^ "Maida, Adam Joseph". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved May 6, 2011.
  22. ^ Kohn, Joe (February 6, 2009). "Archbishop Vigneron installed as 10th chief shepherd of Detroit diocese". The Michigan Catholic. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
  23. ^ a b Greilick, John T. (May 5, 2011). "Three auxililiary bishops of Detroit ordained". The Detroit News. Retrieved April 24, 2012.
  24. ^ a b Montemurri, Patricia (February 1, 2013). "Detroit area's Catholic schools shrink, but tradition endures". Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original on September 13, 2014. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

References and further reading

  • Godzak, Roman (2000). Archdiocese of Detroit (Images of America). Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 0-7385-0797-0.
  • Godzak, Roman (2004). Catholic Churches of Detroit (Images of America). Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 0-7385-3235-5.
  • Godzak, Roman (2000). Make Straight the Path: A 300 Year Pilgrimage Archdiocese of Detroit. Editions du Signe. ISBN 2-7468-0145-0.
  • Hill, Eric J.; Gallagher, John (2002). AIA Detroit: The American Institute of Architects Guide to Detroit Architecture. Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0-8143-3120-3.
  • Muller, Herman Joseph (1976). The University of Detroit 1877-1977: A Centennial History. University of Detroit. ASIN B0006CVJ4S.
  • Tentler, Leslie Woodcock with forward by Edmund Cardinal Szoka (1992). Seasons of Grace: A History of the Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit. Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0-8143-2106-2.
  • Tutag, Nola Huse with Lucy Hamilton (1988). Discovering Stained Glass in Detroit. Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0-8143-1875-4.
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