1654
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This article is about the year 1654.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 16th century – 17th century – 18th century |
| Decades: | 1620s 1630s 1640s – 1650s – 1660s 1670s 1680s |
| Years: | 1651 1652 1653 – 1654 – 1655 1656 1657 |
| 1654 by topic: | |
| Arts and Science | |
| Architecture - Art - Literature - Music - Science | |
| Lists of leaders | |
| Colonial governors - State leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births - Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments - Disestablishments | |
| Works category | |
| Works | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1654 MDCLIV |
| Ab urbe condita | 2407 |
| Armenian calendar | 1103 ԹՎ ՌՃԳ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6404 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -190–-189 |
| Bengali calendar | 1061 |
| Berber calendar | 2604 |
| English Regnal year | 5 Cha. 2 – 6 Cha. 2 (Interregnum) |
| Buddhist calendar | 2198 |
| Burmese calendar | 1016 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7162–7163 |
| Chinese calendar | 癸巳年十一月十三日 (4290/4350-11-13) — to —
甲午年十一月廿三日(4291/4351-11-23) |
| Coptic calendar | 1370–1371 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1646–1647 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5414–5415 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1710–1711 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1576–1577 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4755–4756 |
| Holocene calendar | 11654 |
| Igbo calendar | |
| - Ǹrí Ìgbò | 654–655 |
| Iranian calendar | 1032–1033 |
| Islamic calendar | 1064–1065 |
| Japanese calendar | Jōō 3 (承応3年) |
| Juche calendar | N/A (before 1912) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 10 days |
| Korean calendar | 3987 |
| Minguo calendar | 258 before ROC 民前258年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2197 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1654 |
Year 1654 (MDCLIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Sunday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.
[edit] Events
[edit] January–June
- March 12–13 – The Treaty of Pereyaslav is concluded in the city of Pereyaslav during the meeting between the Cossacks of the Zaporozhian Host and Tsar Alexey I of Russia, following the end to the Khmelnytsky Uprising in Ukraine, which had started in 1648 and had resulted in the massacre of an estimated 100,000 Jews.
- April 5 – The Treaty of Westminster, ending the First Anglo-Dutch War, is signed.[1]
- April 11 – Anglo-Swedish alliance: A commercial treaty between England and Sweden is signed.[1]
- April 12 – Oliver Cromwell creates a union between England and Scotland, with Scottish representation in the Parliament of England.[1]
- May 8 – Otto von Guericke demonstrates the power of atmospheric pressure and the effectiveness of his vacuum pump using the Magdeburg hemispheres before Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor, and the Imperial Diet in Regensburg.[2]
- June 3 – Louis XIV of France is crowned at Rheims.
- June 6 – Charles X Gustav succeeds his cousin Christina on the Swedish throne. After her abdication on the same day, Christina, now the former reigning queen of a Protestant nation, secretly converts to Catholicism.
[edit] July–December
- July – The Russian Army seizes Smolensk, and the Thirteen Years War starts between Russia and Poland over Ukraine.
- July 10 – Peter Vowell and John Gerard are executed in London for plotting to assassinate Oliver Cromwell.
- August – Oliver Cromwell launches the 'Western Design', an English expedition to the Caribbean to counter Spanish commercial interests, effectively beginning the Anglo-Spanish War (which will last until after the English Restoration in 1660).[3] The fleet leaves Portsmouth in late December.
- August 22 – Twenty-three Jewish refugees from Brazil settle in New Amsterdam, forming the nucleus of what will be the second largest urban Jewish community in history, that of New York City.[4][5]
- September 3 – In England, the First Protectorate Parliament assembles.[1]
- September 12 – Oliver Cromwell orders the exclusion of the members of Parliament who are hostile to him.[citation needed]
- October 12 – The Delft Explosion, in the arsenal, devastates the city in the Netherlands, killing more than 100, among whom is Carel Fabritius (32), the most promising student of Rembrandt.
- October 31 – Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria, is crowned. His absolutist style of leadership becomes a benchmark for the rest of Germany.
- November 23 – French mathematician, scientist, and religious philosopher Blaise Pascal experiences an intense mystical vision that marks him for life.
[edit] Births
- January 10 – Joshua Barnes, English scholar (d. 1712)
- January 22 – Richard Blackmore, English physician and writer (d. 1729)
- March 16 – Andreas Acoluthus, German orientalist (d. 1704)
- May 4 – Emperor Kangxi of China (d. 1722)
- June 23 – Richard Onslow, 1st Baron Onslow, English politician (d. 1717)
- July 9 – Emperor Reigen of Japan (d. 1732)
- November 23 – George Watson (accountant), a Scottish accountant and the founder of George Watson's College in Edinburgh, first of many successful bankers in Edinburgh (d. 1723)
- December 27 – Jakob Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and scientist (d. 1705)
[edit] Deaths
- January 17 – Paulus Potter, Dutch painter (b. 1625)
- February 18 – Jean-Louis Guez de Balzac, French writer (b. 1594)
- March 24 – Samuel Scheidt, German composer (b. 1587)
- June 10 – Alessandro Algardi, Italian sculptor and architect (b. 1598)
- June 27 – Johannes Valentinus Andreae, German theologian (b. 1586)
- July 9 – Ferdinand IV of Germany (b. 1633)
- August 28 – Axel Oxenstierna, Lord High Chancellor of Sweden since 1612 (b. 1583)
- August 31 – Ole Worm, Danish physician and antiquary (b. 1588)
- September 7 – Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller, Bohemian rabbi and liturgical poet (b. 1579)
- October 12 – Carel Fabritius, Dutch artist (b. 1622)
- October 30 – Emperor Go-Komyo of Japan (b. 1633)
- November 30 – John Selden, English jurist (b. 1584)
- December 5 – Jean François Sarrazin, French writer
- date unknown – An Calbhach mac Aodha O Conchobhair Donn, the last inaugurated King of Connacht
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 266. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ "Guericke, Otto von". Encyclopædia Britannica 9 (11th ed.). The Encyclopaedia Britannica Co. 1910. p. 670.
- ^ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 185–186. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ "Jews arrive in the New World". American Jewish Archives. Retrieved 2012-07-10.
- ^ LeElef, Ner (2001). "World Jewish Population". SimpleToRemember. Retrieved 2012-07-10. "Metropolitan Tel Aviv, with 2.5 million Jews, is the world's largest Jewish city. It is followed by New York, with 1.9 million."
