FTSE 100 Index

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FTSE 100 Index
FTSE 100 index chart since 1984.png
FTSE 100 Index performance between 1984 and 2012
Foundation 1984[1]
Operator FTSE Group[1]
Exchanges London Stock Exchange[1]
Constituents 101[1]
Type Large cap
Market cap £1,549 billion
(as at 30 April 2012)[1]
Weighting
method		 Capitalization-weighted[1]
Related 
indices
Website FTSE UK Index Series

The FTSE 100 Index, also called FTSE 100, FTSE, or, informally, the "footsie" (pron.: /ˈfʊtsiː/), is a share index of the 100 companies listed on the London Stock Exchange with the highest market capitalization. It is one of the most widely used stock indices and is seen as a gauge of business prosperity for business regulated by UK company law. The index is maintained by the FTSE Group, a subsidiary of the London Stock Exchange Group.

The index began on 3 January 1984 at the base level of 1000; the highest value reached to date is 6950.6, on 30 December 1999. After falling during the financial crisis of 2007-2010 to below 3500 in March 2009, the index recovered to a peak of 6091.33 on 8 February 2011, fell under the 5000 mark on the morning of 23 September 2011, but reached 6,840.27 (its highest since September 2000) on 22 May 2013.[2]

Contents

Overview [edit]

The index is maintained by the FTSE Group, an independent company which originated as a joint venture between the Financial Times and the London Stock Exchange. It is calculated in real time and published every 15 seconds.

FTSE 100 companies represent about 81% of the entire market capitalisation of the London Stock Exchange. Even though the FTSE All-Share Index is more comprehensive, the FTSE 100 is by far the most widely used UK stock market indicator. Other related indices are the FTSE 250 Index (which includes the next largest 250 companies after the FTSE 100), the FTSE 350 Index (which is the aggregation of the FTSE 100 and 250), FTSE SmallCap Index and FTSE Fledgling Index. The FTSE All-Share aggregates the FTSE 100, FTSE 250 and FTSE SmallCap.

The constituents of the index are determined quarterly; the largest companies in the FTSE 250 Index are promoted if their market capitalisation would place them in the top ninety companies of the FTSE 100 Index.

Component companies must meet a number of requirements set out by the FTSE Group, including having a full listing on the London Stock Exchange with a Sterling or Euro denominated price on the Stock Exchange Electronic Trading Service, and meeting certain tests on nationality, free float, and liquidity.

Continuous trading on the London Stock Exchange starts at 08:00 and ends at 16:30 (when the closing auction starts), and closing values are taken at 16:35.

Weighting [edit]

In the FTSE indices, share prices are weighted by market capitalisation, so that the larger companies make more of a difference to the index than smaller companies. The basic formula for these indices is:[3]

\text{Index level}=\frac{\sum_i(\text{Price of stock}_i\times\text{Number of shares}_i)\times\text{Free float adjustment factor}_i}{\text{Index divisor}}

The Free float Adjustment factor represents the percentage of all issued shares that are readily available for trading. The factor is then rounded up to the nearest multiple of 5%. To find the free-float capitalisation of a company, first find its market cap (number of shares x share price) then multiply by its free-float factor. Free-float capitalisation, therefore, does not include restricted stocks, such as those held by company insiders.

Constituents by market capitalisation as at 5 March 2013 [edit]

The following table lists the FTSE 100 companies measured by market capitalisation as of 5 March 2013.[4][5] The numbers of employees are taken from company reports, mostly dated between 2011 and 2012. The index consists of 100 companies, but there are 101 listings, as Royal Dutch Shell has both A and B class shares listed. Schroders Non Voting shares were also listed until 1 June 2012 when the FTSE's stricter rules came into force.

Company Sector Market cap (£bn) Employees
Royal Dutch Shell Oil and gas 135 90,000
HSBC Banking 129 267,000
BP Oil and gas 85 97,700
Vodafone Group Telecomms 83 86,373
GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals 73 97,389
British American Tobacco Tobacco 69 87,813
SABMiller Beverages 53 70,000
Diageo Beverages 50 25,000
Rio Tinto Group Mining 48 67,930
BHP Billiton Mining 44 46,370
Standard Chartered Banking 43 86,865
BG Group Oil and gas 49 6,625
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals 38 57,200
Barclays Banking 37 150,000
Lloyds Banking Group Banking 36 120,449
Xstrata Mining 35 38,561
Unilever Consumer goods 34 171,000
Reckitt Benckiser Consumer goods 32 32,000
Tesco Supermarket 29 519,671
Glencore International Mining 27 57,656
National Grid plc Energy 26 27,000
Anglo American plc Mining 26 100,000
Prudential plc Finance 25 25,414
Imperial Tobacco Group Tobacco 24 38,200
BT Group Telecomms 20 89,000
Rolls-Royce Group Manufacturing 19 40,000
Centrica Energy 18 40,000
Royal Bank of Scotland Group Banking 18 150,000
Compass Group Food 15 471,108
Associated British Foods Food 14 102,000
BSkyB Media 14 22,800
SSE plc Energy 13 20,000
WPP plc Media 13 162,000
ARM Holdings IT 13 2,000
BAE Systems Military 11.8 107,000
Shire plc Pharmaceuticals 11.7 4,200
Experian Information 11.7 17,000
Tullow Oil Oil and gas 11.2 890
CRH plc Building materials 10.9 76,433
Fresnillo plc Mining 10.8 2,449
Antofagasta Mining 10.7 4,005
Aviva Insurance 10.4 40,800
Old Mutual Insurance 10.2 54,368
Pearson plc Publishing 9.6 37,000
Legal & General Insurance 9.5 9,324
Wolseley plc Building materials 9.1 44,000
Reed Elsevier Publishing 8.9 30,200
Standard Life Fund management 8.8 10,500
Next plc Retail clothing 6.9 58,706
Kingfisher plc Retail homeware 6.7 80,000
Land Securities Group Property 6.6 700
Morrison Supermarkets Supermarket 6.5 132,000
J Sainsbury plc Supermarket 6.5 150,000
Smith & Nephew Medical 6.4 11,000
Burberry Group Fashion 6.1 9,000
Marks & Spencer Group Supermarket 5.9 81,223
Capita Group Support Services 5.9 46,500
InterContinental Hotels Group Hotels 5.7 345,000
Intertek Group Product testing 5.5 33,000
Schroders Fund management 5.5 3,012
British Land Co Property 5.1 177
Petrofac Oil and gas 5.1 18,200
United Utilities Water 5.0 5,096
Smiths Group Engineering 5.0 23,550
Weir Group Engineering 5.0 14,000
Aberdeen Asset Management Fund management 4.9 1,800
Randgold Resources Mining 4.9 6,954
Johnson Matthey Chemicals 4.9 9,700
ITV Media 4.8 4,059
Aggreko Generator hire 4.6 4,262
Carnival plc Leisure 4.6 86,800
Whitbread Retail hospitality 4.5 86,800
International Consolidated Airlines Group SA Transport air 4.5 58,476
GKN Manufacturing 4.4 40,000
Eurasian Natural Resources Mining 4.3 72,000
Bunzl Industrial products 4.3 12,368
Sage Group IT 4.3 12,300
RSA Insurance Group Insurance 4.2 21,000
G4S Security 4.1 657,125
Hargreaves Lansdown Finance 4.1 650
Rexam Packaging 4.1 19,000
IMI plc Engineering 3.9 14,700
Babcock International Consulting 3.9 25,000
Tate & Lyle Food 3.9 5,616
Severn Trent Water 3.8 8,051
Polymetal International Mining 3.7 8,051
Hammerson Property 3.7 277
Resolution plc Investment 3.7 40
Meggitt Engineering 3.6 7,370
Croda International Chemicals 3.5 3,200
TUI Travel Leisure 3.5 53,000
Evraz Mining 3.5 110,000
Admiral Group Insurance 3.4 2,500
AMEC Consulting 3.3 29,000
Melrose plc Finance 3.2 10,000
Serco Group Outsourced services 3.1 100,000
Vedanta Resources Mining 1.2 32,000
Wood Group Oil and gas 0.8 41,000
Kazakhmys Oil and gas 0.5 61,000
Intu Properties Property services 0.3 600

Current constituents [edit]

The current constituents following the changes of 1 May 2013 are as follows:[6]

Past constituents [edit]

source: FTSE: FTSE 100 Constituent Changes PDF (57.9 KB)

FT 30 [edit]

Main article: FT 30

The oldest continuous index in the UK is the FT 30, also known as the Financial Times Index or the FT Ordinary Index (FTOI).[170] It was established in 1935 and nowadays is largely obsolete due to its redundancy. It is similar to the Dow Jones Industrial Average, and companies listed are from the industrial and commercial sectors. Financial sector companies and government stocks are excluded.

Of the original constituents,[171] four are currently in the FTSE 100: Guest Keen & Nettlefolds (GKN), Tate & Lyle, Imperial Tobacco and Rolls-Royce, although Rolls-Royce has not been continuously listed and Imperial Tobacco was a subsidiary of Hanson for a number of years. ICI was removed when it was taken over by Akzo Nobel in January 2008. Two of the original FT 30 companies are still in that index:[172] GKN and Tate & Lyle (membership is not strictly based on market capitalisation, so this does not mean they are necessarily among the top thirty companies in the FTSE 100). The best performer from the original lineup has been Imperial Tobacco.[173]

See also [edit]

Other lists
Stock market lists

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f "FTSE 100 Index Factsheet". FTSE Group. Retrieved 30 October 2012. 
  2. ^ FTSE 100 closes at highest level since September 2000
  3. ^ FTSE Capitalisation methodology via Wikinvest
  4. ^ See 'FTSE All-Share Index Ranking (unofficial guide)'
  5. ^ See also, "Top ten most valuable companies in the FTSE 100: in pictures". The Telegraph. 10 March 2011. Retrieved 16 April 2011. 
  6. ^ "Xstrata PLC (UK): Merger with Glencore International PLC". FTSE. 26 April 2013. Retrieved 3 May 2013. 
  7. ^ Buoyant Lloyds TSB offloads insurer Abbey Life The Guardian, 1 August 2007
  8. ^ William Kay (6 September 2004). "HBOS fury as EU backs Santander's Abbey bid". The Independent (London). 
  9. ^ "A&L shareholders approve takeover". BBC News. 16 September 2008. Retrieved 2008-09-17. 
  10. ^ "Terra Firma drops Boots bid plan". BBC News. 2007-04-24. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  11. ^ Pernod Ricard successfully completes acquisition of Allied Domecq, from the Pernod Ricard website
  12. ^ Unification of companies[dead link]
  13. ^ a b "General Electric buys Amersham". BBC. 10 October 2003. Retrieved 2009-06-12. 
  14. ^ "BSkyB agrees £125m Amstrad deal". BBC News. 2007-07-31. Retrieved 2007-07-31. 
  15. ^ "Argos attacks GUS offer". BBC News. 1998-02-26. Retrieved 2009-10-13. 
  16. ^ Argyll Group plc intends a stock buy back
  17. ^ Worms & Cie launches tender offer
  18. ^ "Wal-Mart buys Asda in UK retail shock". Eurofood. 17 June 1999. Retrieved 6 April 2008. 
  19. ^ The Economist, The man who bought trouble. Consulted on July 18, 2007.
  20. ^ International Trader
  21. ^ a b "Bank of Scotland and Halifax agree merger". BBC News. 2001-05-04. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  22. ^ Bass to become Six Continents The Guardian, 27 June 2001
  23. ^ a b c d "The Glaxo SmithKline merger". BBC News. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  24. ^ Bryan, Victoria (14 October 2008). "Enodis sees FY profit ahead of its view". Reuters. Retrieved 2008-11-24. 
  25. ^ Rumours of Rentokil bid boost BET The Independent, 15 February 1996
  26. ^ "Shake-up will see BICC change to Balfour Beatty". Findarticles.com. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  27. ^ "Tony Berry, former Chairman, Blue Arrow". Managementtoday.co.uk. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  28. ^ Lafarge bags Blue Circle The Telegraph, 7 January 2001
  29. ^ Statement on Linde homepage
  30. ^ Bowater to change name to Rexam Plasteurope, 31 May 1995
  31. ^ Avanex and Bookham become Oclaro Compound Semiconductor, 28 April 2009
  32. ^ "BPB accepts bid from French firm". BBC News. 2005-11-17. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  33. ^ "Spanish bank giant to acquire B&B". BBC News. 2008-09-29. Retrieved 2008-09-29. 
  34. ^ Brambles ditches London listing The Telegraph, 30 November 2005
  35. ^ BAe set to sign A8bn GEC deal with merger The Guardian, 19 January 1999
  36. ^ "Iberia expects to complete merger with British Airways in January". Daily Nation. 27 October 2010. Retrieved 18 November 2010. 
  37. ^ "BHS sold to M&S raider". BBC News. 2000-03-27. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  38. ^ a b "India's Tata wins race for Corus". BBC. 31 January 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-26. 
  39. ^ Law Lords Department. "Judgments – Soden and Another v. British & Commonwealth Holdings Plc. and Others". Publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved 6 February 2011. 
  40. ^ Competition Commission Report 1988 Page 10
  41. ^ a b "Investors back BTR Siebe merger". Findarticles.com. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  42. ^ "BP buys Burmah Castrol". BBC News. 2000-03-14. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  43. ^ "Arcadia's clearance sale". BBC News. 2001-04-04. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  44. ^ "Cadbury agrees Kraft takeover bid". London: BBC News. 19 January 2010. Retrieved 19 January 2010. 
  45. ^ a b "ITV shares on London stock market". BBC News. 2004-02-02. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  46. ^ HEATHER TIMMONS (2004-05-19). "Belgian drugmaker seeks to buy Celltec". New York Times. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  47. ^ Richard Wray. "Jobs cull logical in Logica / CMG deal". Guardian. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  48. ^ Weiss exits Guinness Peat but stays on at Coats The Australian, 1 April 2011
  49. ^ a b c "CGU and Norwich Union merge". BBC News. 2000-02-21. Retrieved 2010-11-02. 
  50. ^ Obituary: Lord Hanson The Times, 3 November 2004
  51. ^ Akzo Nobel Buys Courtaulds & Columbian Firm Adhesives Age, 1 June 1998
  52. ^ PIC International Group PLC Changes Name to Sygen International plc PR Newswire, 2001
  53. ^ "NTT buys South Africa's Dimension Data". BBC News. July 14, 2010. Retrieved July 14, 2010. 
  54. ^ Guinness directors showed 'contempt for truth' BBC, 28 November 1997
  55. ^ a b DSG, formerly known as Dixons, is now renamed ... Dixons The Telegraph, 25 June 2010
  56. ^ British engineering firms merger moves forward New York Times, 1992
  57. ^ "Eagle Star at Euroarchive". Euroarchiveguide.org. 1904-09-15. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  58. ^ a b Texas raises Energy bid to £4.46bn BBC News, 3 March 1998
  59. ^ a b Imetal to Buy ECC For $1.2 Billion ICIS, 8 February 1999
  60. ^ Andrews, Amanda (24 December 2007). "Guardian and Apax snap up a fifth of Emap". The Times (London). Retrieved 1 May 2010. 
  61. ^ "Profile: British music giant EMI". BBC News. 15 January 2008. Retrieved 16 March 2008. 
  62. ^ Odell, Mark (2005-08-15). "C&W set to win Energis race". News.ft.com. Retrieved 2012-10-25. 
  63. ^ Royal Dutch / Shell buys Enterprise Oil of Britain
  64. ^ Chairman is appointed at Exco International New York Times, 8 January 1987
  65. ^ Deutsche Post (2005-12-14). "Deutsche Post DHL Completes Acquisition of Exel". Retrieved 2008-11-07. 
  66. ^ Ferranti Timeline – Museum of Science and Industry (Accessed 17-02-2009)
  67. ^ Door still open for agreed takeover of Fisons The Independent, 22 August 1995
  68. ^ a b Granada buys maximum stake
  69. ^ French rival seals Freeserve deal
  70. ^ "Friends backs Resolution takeover". BBC News. 11 August 2009. 
  71. ^ Gallaher agrees £7.5bn Japan Tobacco takeover The Scotsman
  72. ^ "Co-op buys Somerfield for £1.57bn". bbc.co.uk. 2008-07-16. Retrieved 2008-07-16. 
  73. ^ Oates, John (25 October 2005). "Ericsson buys Marconi". Theregister.co.uk. Retrieved 5 June 2010. 
  74. ^ a b Wimpey and Woodrow agree to merge
  75. ^ Closed-End Funds Open Plays for the Intrepid Investor International Herald Tribune, 21 January 1995
  76. ^ Caterer Search
  77. ^ Lloyds-backed Alternative Hotels Group may be sold Daily Mail, 12 February 2011
  78. ^ a b Spirits soar at Diageo Food & Drug Packaging, July 2005
  79. ^ Axa of France to buy Guardian of Britain New York Times, 2 February 1999
  80. ^ GUS to split into two publicly traded units
  81. ^ Mothercare Chief Executive ousted after fourth profits warning in under a year
  82. ^ Openwork: History
  83. ^ Heidelberg to buy Hanson for £8bn
  84. ^ AIM 25
  85. ^ Brush Traction: History
  86. ^ "Lloyds TSB Seals Merger with HBOS". BBC News. 17 September 2008. Retrieved 17 September 2008. 
  87. ^ Hicks Muse buying a British food company
  88. ^ House of Fraser agrees Baugur bid
  89. ^ Armitstead, Louise (2007-08-05). "Dutch poised to clinch £8bn ICI takeover". The Times (London). Retrieved 2008-01-05. 
  90. ^ Gulf Resources & Chemical Corporation
  91. ^ RWE is set to buy Innogy New York Times, 18 March 2002
  92. ^ "GDF Suez to Buy Remaining Stake in British Utility for $10 Billion". Retrieved 2012-06-06. 
  93. ^ "LSE to replace Invesco in UK's FTSE 100". Reuters. 30 November 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-01. 
  94. ^ "The Years 1989 to 1996". Jaguar Cars Ltd. Retrieved 2007-05-10. 
  95. ^ "Kelda Group PLC (UK): Scheme of Arrangement". FTSE Group. 4 February 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-18. 
  96. ^ Larkin, Nicholas (8 February 2008). "Montagu, Partners to Buy Biffa for 1.2 Billion Pounds". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2008-02-18. 
  97. ^ Kingston Communications changes name to KCOM Group Comms Dealer, 16 August 2007
  98. ^ "Kwik Save weighs heavily on Somerfield results". FoodAndDrinkEurope.com (Decision News Media SAS). 9 April 2003. Retrieved 5 May 2007. 
  99. ^ Rockwood launched Chemical Market Reporter, December 2000
  100. ^ Eni swoops on Lasmo BBC News, 21 December 2000
  101. ^ Grid and Lattice form utility supergroup The Telegraph, 22 April 2002
  102. ^ London Electricity goes to France BBC News, 30 November 1998
  103. ^ The Investment Case – Lonmin plc Moneyweb, 1 April 2011
  104. ^ a b TRW is near deal to buy Lucas Varity
  105. ^ Berisford International PLC acquires Magnet Ltd(Water Meadow Hldg) from Magnet Group PLC Alacrastore, 3 March 1994
  106. ^ Bankruptcy Explanation By Maxwell New York Times, 18 December 1991
  107. ^ Information on Novar plc
  108. ^ Harrold heralds start of new era at MEPC: Hermes man outlines new business plan for developer Property Week, 24 October 2003
  109. ^ Merrill cleared to buy British Fund Manager New York Times, 24 December 1997
  110. ^ MFI sells store chain in £1 deal BBC News, 22 September 2006
  111. ^ "Aquila Completes Purchase of Ownership Interest in Midlands Electricity.". Business Wire. 2002-05-08. Retrieved 2008-09-05. 
  112. ^ HSBC Group in Europe
  113. ^ Farrelly, Paul RBS issues ultimatum in £27bn bid for NatWest The Observer, 28 November 1999
  114. ^ NFC and Ocean forge £3.2bn alliance to exploit e-commerce The Independent, 22 February 2000
  115. ^ Boparan wins Northern Foods with £341m bid FT.com
  116. ^ "Northern Rock to be nationalised". BBC News. 2008-02-17. Retrieved 2008-04-08. 
  117. ^ "Telefonica bids £18 billion for U.K.'s O2". BBC News. 2005-10-31. Retrieved 2010-04-25. 
  118. ^ "France Télécom to buy Orange for £25.1bn". London: The Independent. 2000-05-30. Retrieved 2008-12-26. 
  119. ^ "Gambling firms Partygaming and Bwin reveal merger plan". BBC News. July 29, 2010. Retrieved July 29, 2010. 
  120. ^ P&O agrees bid from Dubai Ports BBC News, 29 November 2005
  121. ^ EC Clears Carnival and P&O Princess Merge Marinelink, 11 February 2003
  122. ^ Pilkington in Japanese takeover
  123. ^ IPD Group: GEC History
  124. ^ Bates, Stephen (26 August 2010). "How Polly Peck went from hero to villain in the City". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 26 August 2010. 
  125. ^ "E.ON to buy Powergen". 
  126. ^ Thomson-CSF seals Racal deal BBC News (Jan. 13, 2000) Accessed Jan. 20, 2006
  127. ^ Railtrack goes bankrupt with debts of £3.3bn Independent, 8 October 2001
  128. ^ RHM agrees £1.2bn Premier Foods bid Times-on-line, 4 December 2006
  129. ^ Reckitt & Coleman announce further delay to Dutch merger The Independent, 7 November 1999.
  130. ^ Redlands needs White Knights, The Independent, 16 October 1997
  131. ^ Edward A. Gargan (6 October 1994). "Reed-Elsevier Building Big Presence in the U.S.". New York Times. Retrieved 18 February 2008. 
  132. ^ Odoi, Antoinette (2007-11-17). "Resolution board says yes to £5bn Pearl bid". The Guardian (London). Retrieved 2008-04-29. 
  133. ^ Mexican firm buys RMC for £2.3bn
  134. ^ BAT will buy Rothmans New York Times, 12 January 1999
  135. ^ St James's Place: Our History
  136. ^ New York Times Archive, Company news; Suchard Drops Out; published 25 June 1988, accessed 26 August 2007
  137. ^ a b Smooth merger of Sun Alliance and Royal Insurance The Banker, June 1996
  138. ^ Saatchi falls to Publicis BBC News, 20 June 2000
  139. ^ Wm Morrison tables £3bn bid for Safeway
  140. ^ "S&N accepts £7.8bn takeover deal". BBC News. 25 January 2008. Retrieved 2009-01-01. 
  141. ^ a b Two electric suppliers in Britain to merge New York Times, 2 September 1998
  142. ^ Iberdrola to buy Scottish Power for £11.6bn International Herald Tribune, 28 November 2006
  143. ^ "Sears turns to Green". BBC News. 1999-01-21. Retrieved 2009-02-28. 
  144. ^ Group 4 Falck and Securicor plc announce terms of merger Nordic Business Report, 24 February 2004
  145. ^ Marsh & McLennan to Buy Big British Insurance Broker New York Times, 26 August 1998
  146. ^ Relief for Sema shareholders at Schlumberger buy-out The Independent, 12 February 2001
  147. ^ Shell shareholders agree merger BBC News, 2005
  148. ^ Proposed Merger of Smiths Industries plc: "Smiths Industries" and "TI Group" Business Wire, 17 November 2000
  149. ^ Telecom bid to buy STC New York Times, 9 November 1990
  150. ^ UK Business Park: Storehouse
  151. ^ a b Sun Life Stock soars as Axa ups bid to £24bn for remaining stake Independent, 3 May 2000
  152. ^ "Tarmac Agrees Takeover". BBC News. 1999-11-05. Retrieved 2007-01-22. 
  153. ^ "NTL seals $6bn takeover". BBC News. 2005-10-03. Retrieved 2009-01-01. 
  154. ^ Thames to agree £4.3bn RWE takeover Independent, 25 September 2000
  155. ^ Company history
  156. ^ a b Normura will buy Thorn plc The Boston Globe, 1 July 1998
  157. ^ C&W makes offer for Thus Reuters, 30 June 2008
  158. ^ "Engineering rivals to merge". BBC News. 2000-09-18. Retrieved 2006-09-25. 
  159. ^ "Tomkins agrees to £2.9bn takeover deal". BBC News. July 27, 2010. Retrieved July 27, 2010. 
  160. ^ Kvaerner Is Close to Bidding for Troubled Group: Lifeline for Trafalgar House? International Herald Tribune, 28 February 1996
  161. ^ Lloyds Bank to merge with TSB Group New York Times, 12 October 1995
  162. ^ Scripophily
  163. ^ "Unigate becomes Uniq". Eurofood. 2000. Retrieved 2009-01-03. 
  164. ^ "Blackstone and PAI complete purchase of UB" (Press release). United Biscuits. December 15, 2006. Retrieved 2007-04-12. 
  165. ^ Swiss Bank in deal to buy S.G. Warburg New York Times, May 11, 1995
  166. ^ Williams plunges 14% as margins shrink Independent, 19 July 2000
  167. ^ a b Willis: History
  168. ^ Barclays buys rival Woolwich BBC News, 11 August 2000
  169. ^ "The Lowdown: McKillop gives his opponents the treatment". The Independent. 21 September 2003. Retrieved 5 July 2011. 
  170. ^ The History Channel - Financial Times Index. Retrieved 2008-08-08
  171. ^ Original constituents
  172. ^ Remaining companies in the FT30
  173. ^ Eckett, Stephen (ed.) (2004), The UK Stock Market Almanac 2005, Petersfield, Harriman House. ISBN 1-897597-46-0

External links [edit]

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=FTSE_100_Index&oldid=556484551"