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'''Richard Bertrand Spencer''' (born May 11, 1978) is an American [[white supremacist]]<!-- Consensus is that this is how Spencer should be described. Do not change this wording without first getting consensus on the talk page. -->.<ref>
'''Richard Bertrand Spencer''' (born May 11, 1978) is an American [[white nationalist]]<!-- Consensus is that this is how Spencer should be described. Do not change this wording without first getting consensus on the talk page. -->.<ref>
*{{cite news|last1=Peoples|first1=Steve|title=Energized white supremacists cheer Trump convention message|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/70541105d2f149cc9b7b6951d8a13e7a/energized-white-supremacists-cheer-trump-convention-message|work=Associated Press|date=July 24, 2016|location=Cleveland, OH}}
*{{cite news|last1=Peoples|first1=Steve|title=Energized white supremacists cheer Trump convention message|url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/70541105d2f149cc9b7b6951d8a13e7a/energized-white-supremacists-cheer-trump-convention-message|work=Associated Press|date=July 24, 2016|location=Cleveland, OH}}
*{{cite news|last1=Wines|first1=Michael|last2=Saul|first2=Stephanie|title=White Supremacists Extend Their Reach Through Websites|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/06/us/white-supremacists-extend-their-reach-through-websites.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=July 5, 2015}}
*{{cite news|last1=Wines|first1=Michael|last2=Saul|first2=Stephanie|title=White Supremacists Extend Their Reach Through Websites|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/06/us/white-supremacists-extend-their-reach-through-websites.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=July 5, 2015}}

Revision as of 20:45, 29 October 2017

For other people with similar names, see Richard Spencer (disambiguation).
Richard Spencer
Born
Richard Bertrand Spencer

(1978-05-11) May 11, 1978 (age 46)
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
NationalityAmerican
Alma materUniversity of Virginia
University of Chicago
Duke University
Occupation(s)Author, publisher
Known forPresident and Director of the National Policy Institute
Executive Director of Washington Summit Publishers
MovementAlt-right
Identitarian movement
SpouseNina Kouprianova

Richard Bertrand Spencer (born May 11, 1978) is an American white nationalist.[1] He is president of the National Policy Institute, a white supremacist think tank, as well as Washington Summit Publishers. Spencer has stated that he rejects the label of white supremacist, and prefers to describe himself as an identitarian.[2][3][4] He has advocated for a white homeland for a "dispossessed white race" and called for "peaceful ethnic cleansing" to halt the "deconstruction" of European culture.[5] Spencer and others have said that he created the term "alt-right",[6] which he considers a movement about white identity.[7][8][9]

Spencer and his organization drew considerable media attention in the weeks following the 2016 US presidential election, where, at a National Policy Institute conference, he quoted from Nazi propaganda and denounced Jews.[9] In response to his cry "Hail Trump, hail our people, hail victory!", a number of his supporters gave the Nazi salute and chanted in a similar fashion to the Sieg Heil chant used at the Nazis' Nuremberg rallies.[10][11]

Spencer was one of the featured speakers at the Charlottesville, Virginia Unite the Right rally, which drew national attention after violent clashes caused Virginia Governor Terry McAuliffe to declare a state of emergency, and eventually resulted in injuries and three deaths.[12][13] Some of his subsequent speaking engagements were denied or canceled, resulting in a lawsuit against Michigan State University[14] and the threat of a legal action against the University of Florida. An agreement was reached with the University of Florida allowing him to speak in October 2017.[15] Several days before his scheduled appearance, Florida Governor Rick Scott declared a state of emergency, citing concerns about a "potential emergency" that could result from Spencer's appearance.[16]

Early life

Spencer was born in Boston, Massachusetts,[17] the son of ophthalmologist Rand Spencer and Sherry Spencer (née Dickenhorst),[18][19] an heiress to cotton farms in Louisiana.[20] He grew up in Preston Hollow, Dallas, Texas.[21] In 1997, he graduated from St. Mark's School of Texas.[20] In 2001, Spencer received a B.A. in English Literature and Music from the University of Virginia and, in 2003, an M.A. in the Humanities from the University of Chicago.[20] He spent the summer of 2005 and 2006 at the Vienna International Summer University.[22] From 2005 to 2007, he was a Ph.D. student at Duke University studying modern European intellectual history, where he was a member of the Duke Conservative Union.[20][18] His website says he left Duke "to pursue a life of thought-crime."[23]

Activities

From March to December 2007, Spencer was assistant editor at The American Conservative magazine. According to founding editor Scott McConnell, Spencer was fired from The American Conservative because his views were considered too extreme.[18] From January 2008 to December 2009, he was executive editor of Taki's Magazine.[24]

In March 2010, Spencer founded AlternativeRight.com, a website he edited until 2012. He has stated that he created the term alt-right.[9]

In January 2011, Spencer became Executive Director of Washington Summit Publishers.[25] In 2012, Spencer founded Radix Journal as a biannual publication of Washington Summit Publishers.[24] Contributions have included articles by Kevin B. MacDonald, Alex Kurtagić, and Samuel T. Francis (1947–2005).[26] He also hosts a weekly podcast, Vanguard Radio.

In January 2011, Spencer also became President and Director of The National Policy Institute (NPI), a think tank previously based in Virginia and Montana.[27]

In 2014, Spencer was deported from Budapest, Hungary (and because of the Schengen Agreement, is banned from 26 countries in Europe for three years) after trying to organize the National Policy Institute Conference, a conference for white nationalists.[28][29]

On January 15, 2017 (Martin Luther King. Jr.'s birthday), Spencer launched AltRight.com, another commentary website for alt-right members.[30] According to Spencer, the site is a populist and big tent site for members of the alt-right.[31] The Southern Poverty Law Center describes the common thread among contributors as antisemitism, rather than white nationalism or white supremacism in general.[32][33]  Notable contributors on AltRight.com include Henrik Palmgren and Jared Taylor.[34][35]

White nationalist protesters clash with police during the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia

On February 23, 2017, Spencer was removed from the Conservative Political Action Conference where he was giving statements to the press. A CPAC spokesman said he was removed from the event because other members found him "repugnant".[36]

On May 13, 2017, Spencer led a torch-lit protest in Charlottesville, Virginia against the vote of the city council to remove a statue of Robert E. Lee, the commander of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during the American Civil War.[37] Spencer led the crowd in chants of "You will not replace us" and "Blood and soil."[38][39] Michael Signer, the mayor of Charlottesville, called the protest "horrific" and stated that it was either "profoundly ignorant" or intended to instill fear among minorities "in a way that hearkens back to the days of the KKK."[38][37][40]

In August 2017, Spencer was given hierarchical primacy on poster advertisements for the Charlottesville, Virginia Unite the Right rally, which devolved into a notorious and violent confrontation.[12]

Public speaking

Spencer was invited to speak at Vanderbilt University in 2010 and Providence College in 2011 by Youth for Western Civilization.[41][42]

Short clip of Spencer speaking in November 2016

During a speech Spencer gave in mid-November 2016 at an alt-right conference attended by approximately 200 people in Washington, D.C., Spencer quoted Nazi propaganda in the original German and denounced Jews.[9] Audience members cheered and made the Nazi salute when he said, "Hail Trump, hail our people, hail victory!"[9][5] Spencer later defended their conduct, stating that the Nazi salute was given in a spirit of "irony and exuberance".[43] It was later revealed that Spencer had made the Nazi Salute at a karaoke bar in April 2016.[44]

Groups and events Spencer has spoken to include the Property and Freedom Society,[45] the American Renaissance conference,[46] and the HL Mencken Club.[47] In November 2016, an online petition to prevent Spencer from speaking at Texas A&M University on December 6, 2016 was signed by thousands of students, employees, and alumni.[48] A protest and a university-organized counter-event were held to coincide with Spencer's event.[49]

On January 20, 2017, Spencer attended the inauguration of Donald Trump. As he was giving an impromptu interview on a nearby street afterwards, a masked man punched Spencer in the face, then fled.[50][51] A video of the incident was posted online, leading to divergent views on whether the attack was appropriate.[52]

Shortly after the violent Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia in August 2017, the University of Florida denied Spencer's request for a September 2017 speaking opportunity, citing public safety grounds after opposition from students and locals of Gainesville, Florida.[53] Due to safety reasons, he was also denied speaking requests at Louisiana State University and Michigan State University in August 2017.[54][55] In September 2017, Cameron Padgett, who tried to book Spencer, sued MSU; he was represented by Kyle Bristow, an MSU alumnus.[56][14]

Speech at University of Florida

After the University of Florida's August 2017 denial of Spencer's request to speak the following month, Floridian lawyer Gary Edinger threatened to sue the university for violating the First Amendment by prohibiting Spencer from speaking despite being a publicly funded institution. The university subsequently reached an agreement with Edinger allowing Spencer to speak on October 19, 2017.[15] Florida Governor Rick Scott declared a state of emergency for Alachua County on October 16, saying "I find that the threat of a potential emergency is imminent" as a result of Spencer's appearance.[16][57]

On October 19, 2017, Spencer spoke at the Curtis M. Phillips Center for the Performing Arts on university grounds. In addition to Spencer, the speakers included Eli Mosley of Identity Evropa, a white supremacist group from California, and Mike Enoch, a white nationalist blogger.[58][59] The event's security costs reportedly amounted to an estimated $600,000.[60] It drew about 2,500 protestors, vastly outnumbering Spencer's supporters.[61][62]

The speech, which was Spencer's first public appearance after the Charlottesville rally, was disrupted by loud protests.[63][64][65] When drowned out by chants from the audience, he grew visibly frustrated, stating that the protestors were interfering with his freedom of speech. He added: "you are all engaged in what’s known as the heckler's veto.” According to Clay Calvert, director of the Marion B. Brechner First Amendment Project at the University of Florida College of Journalism and Communications, non-violent protesting, booing and suggesting that the speaker leave was not a heckler's veto in law. The speech and the concurrent protests were largely peaceful.[62][66]

Later that day, three of Spencer's supporters were arrested on felony charges following an alleged discharge of a firearm, directed at protestors leaving the event. The three suspects were residents of Texas who had travelled to Florida to hear Spencer speak. According to the Gainesville Police Department, they had shouted “Hail Hitler” and gave Nazi salutes immediately before the alleged attack. Authorities said that two of the suspects had known links to extremist groups.[67] The men had participated in the August 2017 Unite the Right rally, where Spencer had been scheduled to speak.[68][69] All three were charged with attempted homicide.[70]

In the aftermath of the October 19 events, The Ohio State University declined Spencer's request to allow him to speak on campus, citing "substantial risk to public safety". In response, a laywer representing Spencer's associate and organizer of his speaking tour filed a lawsuit against the university.[71]

Montana

In 2013, a dispute at a ski club in his hometown of Whitefish, Montana, drew public attention to Spencer and his political views.[72]

The National Policy Institute think tank, AlternativeRight.com, and Radix Journal all use the same mailing address in Whitefish, Montana.[73]

In 2014, a pro-tolerance group affiliated with the Montana Human Rights Network rallied against Spencer's residency in Whitefish. In response, the city council approved a non-discrimination resolution.[74]

In December 2016, Republican Representative Ryan Zinke, Republican Senator Steve Daines, Democratic Senator Jon Tester, Democratic Governor Steve Bullock and Republican Attorney General Tim Fox condemned a neo-Nazi march that had been planned for January 2017.[75] The community of Whitefish organized in opposition to the event, and the march never occurred.[76]

Views

Race and ethnicity

According to the Southern Poverty Law Center, Spencer has advocated for a white homeland for a "dispossessed white race" and called for "peaceful ethnic cleansing" to halt the "deconstruction" of European culture.[24][25][77] To this end he has supported what he has called "the creation of a White Ethno-State on the North American continent", an "ideal" that he has regarded as a "reconstitution of the Roman Empire."[78][79] Prior to the UK vote to leave the EU, Spencer expressed support for the multi-national bloc "as a potential racial empire" and an alternative to "American hegemony", stating that he has "always been highly skeptical of so-called 'Euro-Skeptics.'"[80]

In 2013, the Anti-Defamation League called Spencer a leader in white supremacist circles and said that after leaving The American Conservative he rejected conservatism, because he believed its adherents "can't or won't represent explicitly white interests."[81]

In one interview in which he was asked if he would condemn the KKK and Adolf Hitler, he refused, saying "I’m not going to play this game," while stating that Hitler had "done things that I think are despicable," without elaborating on which things he was referring to.[82]

In a 2016 interview for Time magazine, Spencer said he rejected white supremacy and the slavery of nonwhites, preferring to establish America as a white ethnostate.[83]

Spencer supports legal access to abortion, in part because he believes it would reduce the number of black and Hispanic people, which he says would be a "great boon" to white people.[20]

Donald Trump

Spencer supported Donald Trump in the 2016 U.S. presidential election and called Trump's election "the victory of will," a phrase evoking the title of Leni Riefenstahl's Triumph of the Will (1935), a Nazi-era propaganda film.[9] Upon Trump's appointment of Steve Bannon as chief White House strategist and senior counselor, Spencer said Bannon would be in "the best possible position" to influence policy.[84]

Women

During the 2016 United States presidential election, Spencer tweeted that women should not be allowed to make foreign policy.[85][86] He also stated in an interview with the Washington Post that his vision of America as an ethnostate included women returning to traditional roles as childbearers and homemakers.[87][88] In October 2017, when asked his opinion on American women having the right to vote, he said "I don't necessarily think that that’s a great thing" after stating that he was "not terribly excited" about voting in general.[86]

Homosexuality

Spencer opposes same-sex marriage,[89] which he has described as "unnatural" and a "non-issue," commenting that "very few gay men will find the idea of monogamy to their liking."[90]

Despite his opposition to same-sex marriage, Spencer barred people with anti-gay views from the National Policy Institute's annual conference in 2015.[91]

Iraq war

Spencer claimed to have voted for Democrat John Kerry over incumbent Republican George W. Bush during the 2004 United States presidential election, because Bush stood for "the war".[92]

Personal life

In 2010, Spencer moved to Whitefish, Montana. He says he splits his time between Whitefish and Arlington, Virginia,[78][93] although he has said he has lived in Whitefish for over 10 years, and considers it home.[94] As of 2017 Spencer was renting a house in Alexandria, Virginia.[95]

He was separated from his Georgian-Russian American[96] wife, Nina Kouprianova, in October 2016;[18] however, in April 2017 Spencer said he and his wife were not separated and are still together.[97] Kouprianova has translated several books written by Aleksandr Dugin, a Russian political analyst known for his fascist views.[98][99][100] The books were later published by Spencer's publishing house, Washington Summit Publishers.[101]

Spencer is an atheist.[102] He has also described himself as a "cultural Christian."[103]

References

  1. ^
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    • Wines, Michael; Saul, Stephanie (July 5, 2015). "White Supremacists Extend Their Reach Through Websites". The New York Times.
    • Gelin, Martin (November 13, 2014). "White Flight: America's white supremacists are ignored at home. So they are looking to start over with a little help from Europe's far right". Slate. Budapest, Hungary.
    • Chris Welch and Sara Ganim, White Supremacist Richard Spencer: 'We reached tens of millions of people' with video, CNN, December 6, 2016. "Now Spencer, a 38-year-old white supremacist and founder of the so-called alt-right movement, is taking his rhetoric on the road..."
    • Mangan, Katherine. "A push to 'expand white privilege': Richard B. Spencer president, National Policy Institute, a white-supremacist group." The Chronicle of Higher Education, December 9, 2016, A6+.
    • Zalman, Jonathan. "Neo-Nazi Website Tells Readers to 'Take Action' Against Jews on Behalf of Richard Spencer's Mother in Montana." Tablet Magazine, December 19, 2016. "Critics of Richard Spencer the white supremacist, alt-right leader who dreams of an "ethno-state"are making their voices heard..."
    • "Campus clashes as US white supremacist gives speech." London Evening Standard [London, England], 7 Dec. 2016, p. 22. "Hundreds of demonstrators clashed with riot police at a protest against a white supremacist's speech at a leading American university. Richard Spencer, who gained notoriety for holding a so-called "alt-right" meeting celebrating Donald Trump's election triumph with Nazi rhetoric, told students attending the speech at the Texas A&M University last night: 'At the end of the day, America belongs to white men.'"
    • Gretel Kauffman, "Donald Trump again disavows so-called alt-right supporters", Christian Science Monitor, November 23, 2016. "Richard Spencer, coiner of the term "alt-right" and head of the white supremacist National Policy Institute..."
    • Gretel Kauffman, "White supremacists convene in celebration of Trump victory", Christian Science Monitor, November 20, 2016. The annual conference of the National Policy Institute, a white supremacist think tank, experienced a rise in attendance this year... 'It’s been an awakening,' Richard Spencer, president of the National Policy Institute, said at the conference."
  2. ^ Maya Oppenheim (2017-01-23). "Alt-right leader Richard Spencer worries getting punched will become 'meme to end all memes'". The Independent. Retrieved 2017-02-25.
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  6. ^ Spencer, Richard (August 6, 2008). "The Conservative Write". Taki's Magazine.
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  10. ^ Bradner, Eric (November 22, 2016). "Alt-right leader: 'Hail Trump! Hail our people! Hail victory!'". CNN. Retrieved October 20, 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  11. ^ Goldstein, Joseph (November 20, 2016). "Alt-Right Gathering Exults in Trump Election With Nazi-Era Salute". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 20, 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  12. ^ a b nbc29.com: "ADL Lists Kessler, Other 'Unite The Right' Speakers as White Supremacists", 25 Jul 2017
  13. ^ Nelson, Libby; Lind, Dara (August 12, 2017). "Charlottesville Unite the Right rally: what's happened so far". Vox. Retrieved October 20, 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
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  35. ^ "Så vill Richard, 38, bygga en ny vit elit". Aftonbladet. Retrieved 2017-05-24.
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  79. ^ Spencer, Richard B. (September 28, 2016). "Facing the Future As a Minority". Radix Journal. Retrieved March 11, 2017.
  80. ^ Spencer, Richard B. (May 25, 2016). ""Euro-Skepticism" Skepticism". Radix Journal. Retrieved March 11, 2017.
  81. ^ "Richard Spencer: A Symbol Of The New White Supremacy". Anti-Defamation League. May 14, 2013.
  82. ^ Bandler, Aaron (November 25, 2016). "5 Things To Know About Alt-Right Leader Richard Spencer". The Daily Wire. Retrieved March 14, 2017. "Hitler is a historical figure," he said. "He's done things that I think are despicable. I'm not going to play this game."
  83. ^ Altman, Alex (April 14, 2016). "The Billionaire and the Bigots: How Donald Trump's Campaign Brought White Nationalists Out of the Shadows". Time. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |subscription= ignored (|url-access= suggested) (help)
  84. ^ The Editorial Board (November 15, 2016). "Steve 'Turn On the Hate' Bannon, in the White House". The New York Times.
  85. ^ Bowman, Emma (August 20, 2017). "The Women Behind The 'Alt-Right'". NPR. Retrieved October 15, 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  86. ^ a b Hayden, Michael Edison (October 14, 2017). "'Alt-Right' leader Richard Spencer isn't sure if women should be allowed to vote". Newsweek. Retrieved October 15, 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  87. ^ Cox, John Woodrow (November 22, 2016). "'Let's party like it's 1933': Inside the alt-right world of Richard Spencer". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved October 15, 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  88. ^ Paquette, Danielle (November 25, 2016). "The alt-right isn't only about white supremacy. It's about white male supremacy". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved October 15, 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  89. ^ Spencer, Richard B. (August 5, 2010). "The Inevitability of Gay Marriage". Radix Journal.
  90. ^ Spencer, Richard (June 26, 2013). "The End of the "Culture War"". The National Policy Institute.
  91. ^ Falvey, Rose (August 18, 2016). "Some White Nationalists Continue to Court the LGBT Community". Southern Poverty Law Center.
  92. ^ "'Alt-Right' leader Richard Spencer has voted for Democrats in the past, including John Kerry". The Dallas News. October 19, 2011.
  93. ^ Spencer, Richard B. (December 2, 2014). "Defending free expression". Whitefish Pilot.
  94. ^ Spencer, Richard B. (November 26, 2014). "Skiing With The Enemy". Radix Journal.
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  96. ^ Richard Spencer’s Russian Wife Talks Trump, Utopia: Full Interview] By Diana Bruk • 09/19/17
  97. ^ Spencer, Richard. "Richard Spencer's Full Q&A at Auburn University". YouTube.com. Retrieved 4 June 2017. Audience Member: Your ex-wife is a Russian American and you have a child together. Please explain that. Spencer: She's not my ex-wife. Audience Member: Or you're separated, right? Spencer: No. Audience Member: Okay, so the thing I said is that you are separated or whatever. So you're still together? Spencer: Yes
  98. ^ Gessen, Masha (2017). The Future is History: How Totalitarianism Reclaimed Russia. Penguin. p. 482. ISBN 9781594634536.
  99. ^ Posner, Sarah (October 18, 2016). "Meet the Alt-Right 'Spokesman' Who's Thrilled With Trump's Rise". Rolling Stone. Retrieved October 20, 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  100. ^ Ebel, Francesca (August 16, 2017). "Charlottesville's alt-right leaders have a passion for Vladimir Putin". Newsweek. Retrieved October 20, 2017. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  101. ^ Shekhovtsov, Anton (September 8, 2017). Russia and the Western Far Right: Tango Noir. Routledge. ISBN 9781317199953.
  102. ^ Spencer, Richard. "The Alt Right and Secular Humanism". AltRight.com. Retrieved 28 January 2017. McAfee: Are you religious? Do you support the Separation of Church and State? Spencer: I'm an atheist.
  103. ^ Spencer, Richard. "'We're Not Going Anywhere:' Watch Roland Martin Challenge White Nationalist Richard Spencer". YouTube.com. Retrieved 5 May 2017. Martin: Are you a Christian? Spencer: I'm an cultural Christian.


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