Lists of most common surnames in Asian countries: Difference between revisions
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{{See also|Chinese surname|List of common Chinese surnames}} |
{{See also|Chinese surname|List of common Chinese surnames}} |
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According to a comprehensive survey of [[hukou system|residential permits]] released by the [[PRC|Chinese]] [[Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Public Security]] on April 24, 2007,<ref>Xinhua News. 24 Apr 2007. "中国姓氏排行". "[http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_486c0f6701000dsu.html 天下第一大姓——王]." 14 Nov 2007. Accessed 26 Mar 2012.</ref><ref name="Eastday">"[http://news.eastday.com/c/20070424/u1a2791347.html 公安部统计：'王'成中国第一大姓 有9288万人]." 24 Apr 2007. Accessed 27 Mar 2012.{{zh icon}}</ref><ref>Baidu Baike. "[http://baike.baidu.com/view/33020.html 新百家姓]". {{zh icon}}</ref> the top three surnames in China have a combined population larger than [[Indonesia]],<ref>Badan Pusat Statistik. "[http://dds.bps.go.id/eng/tab_sub/view.php?tabel=1&daftar=1&id_subyek=12¬ab=1 Population of Indonesia by Province 1971, 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2010]". 2009. Accessed 29 Mar 2012.</ref> the world's fourth-most-populous country. The top 10 surnames each have a population greater than 20 million; the top 22 have populations of more than 10 million. The top [[list of common Chinese surnames|100 surnames]] cover 84.77% of China's population. |
According to a comprehensive survey of [[hukou system|residential permits]] released by the [[PRC|Chinese]] [[Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Public Security]] on April 24, 2007,<ref>Xinhua News. 24 Apr 2007. "中国姓氏排行". "[http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_486c0f6701000dsu.html 天下第一大姓——王]." 14 Nov 2007. Accessed 26 Mar 2012.</ref><ref name="Eastday">"[http://news.eastday.com/c/20070424/u1a2791347.html 公安部统计：'王'成中国第一大姓 有9288万人]." 24 Apr 2007. Accessed 27 Mar 2012.{{zh icon}}</ref><ref>Baidu Baike. "[http://baike.baidu.com/view/33020.html 新百家姓]". {{zh icon}}</ref> the top three surnames in China have a combined population larger than [[Indonesia]],<ref>Badan Pusat Statistik. "[http://dds.bps.go.id/eng/tab_sub/view.php?tabel=1&daftar=1&id_subyek=12¬ab=1 Population of Indonesia by Province 1971, 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2010] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718192001/http://dds.bps.go.id/eng/tab_sub/view.php?tabel=1&daftar=1&id_subyek=12¬ab=1 |date=2011-07-18 }}". 2009. Accessed 29 Mar 2012.</ref> the world's fourth-most-populous country. The top 10 surnames each have a population greater than 20 million; the top 22 have populations of more than 10 million. The top [[list of common Chinese surnames|100 surnames]] cover 84.77% of China's population. |
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The press release from the Ministry of Public Security only provided detailed numbers for the top three surnames. Information about the others from 2006 comes from a multi-year study by [[Yuan Yida]] of the [[Chinese Academy of Sciences]]'s Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, which purportedly used a sample size of 296 million spread across 1,110 counties and cities.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[National Citizen Identity Information Center]] |url=http://www.nciic.com.cn/yewufanwei-rksu-mfcp2.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105171001/http://www.nciic.com.cn/yewufanwei-rksu-mfcp2.htm |archivedate=5 January 2009 |title=全国姓氏排名前二十位人口统计数 |accessdate=15 May 2015}}</ref> |
The press release from the Ministry of Public Security only provided detailed numbers for the top three surnames. Information about the others from 2006 comes from a multi-year study by [[Yuan Yida]] of the [[Chinese Academy of Sciences]]'s Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, which purportedly used a sample size of 296 million spread across 1,110 counties and cities.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[National Citizen Identity Information Center]] |url=http://www.nciic.com.cn/yewufanwei-rksu-mfcp2.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105171001/http://www.nciic.com.cn/yewufanwei-rksu-mfcp2.htm |archivedate=5 January 2009 |title=全国姓氏排名前二十位人口统计数 |accessdate=15 May 2015}}</ref> |
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! Total Number<ref>Georgian Civil Registry Agency. "[http://www.cra.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=75&page_name=popular_names Popular Names]". Accessed 26 Oct 2010. {{ka icon}}</ref><br/>{{small|(2010)}} |
! Total Number<ref>Georgian Civil Registry Agency. "[http://www.cra.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=75&page_name=popular_names Popular Names] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309012216/http://www.cra.gov.ge/index.php?sec_id=75&page_name=popular_names |date=2012-03-09 }}". Accessed 26 Oct 2010. {{ka icon}}</ref><br/>{{small|(2010)}} |
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{{see also|Thai name}} |
{{see also|Thai name}} |
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There are '''no''' common Thai surnames. Surnames were largely introduced to Thai culture only by the 1913 Surname Act.<ref>''Asian Times''. "[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20010503/ai_n14389694 What's in a name? The number nine, if you want]." {{ |
There are '''no''' common Thai surnames. Surnames were largely introduced to Thai culture only by the 1913 Surname Act.<ref>''Asian Times''. "[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20010503/ai_n14389694 What's in a name? The number nine, if you want]." {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228113806/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20010503/ai_n14389694 |date=2014-12-28 }}</ref> The law does not allow one to create any surname that is duplicated with any existing surnames.<ref name="Nittaya-Royin-2">{{cite web | url=http://www.royin.go.th/th/knowledge/detail.php?ID=1928 |date= | accessdate=2014-12-28|script-title=th:เรื่องของนามสกุล (๒) |author=รศ. ดร.นิตยา กาญจนะวรรณ |publisher= [[Royal Institute of Thailand]]|language=th}}</ref> Under Thai law, only ''one'' family can create any given surname: any two people of the same surname must be related, and it is very rare for two people to share the same full name. In one sample of 45,665 names, 81% of family names were unique.<ref>[http://seasrc.th.net/pdf/xthname.pdf 45,665 Thai names: Examining passlist.96], by Doug Cooper</ref> |
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== [[Turkey]] == |
== [[Turkey]] == |
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Revision as of 07:32, 22 May 2017
This is a list of the most common surnames in Asia, in alphabetical order of the country.
| Rank | Name | Romanization | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Հովհաննիսյան | Hovhannisyan | Son of Hovhannes (John) |
| 2 | Հարությունյան | Harutyunyan | Son of Harutyun ("resurrection") |
| 3 | Սարգսյան | Sargsyan | Son of Sargis |
| 4 | Խաչատրյան | Khachatryan | Son of Khachatur ("given by cross") |
| 5 | Գրիգորյան | Grigoryan | Son of Grigor (Gregory) |
| Rank[1] | Name | Romanization | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Məmmədov | Mammadov | "Son of Mammad" |
| 2 | Əliyev | Aliyev | "Son of Ali" |
| 3 | Həsənov | Hasanov | "Son of Hasan" |
| 4 | Hüseynov | Huseynov | "Son of Hussein" |
| 5 | Quliyev | Guliyev | "Son of Qulu" |
| 6 | Hacıyev | Hajiev | "Son of Haji" |
| 7 | Rəsulov | Rasulov | "Son of Rasoul" |
| 8 | Süleymanov | Suleymanov | "Son of Suleyman" |
| 9 | Musayev | Musayev | "Son of Musa" |
| 10 | Abbasov | Abbasov | "Son of Abbas" |
| 11 | Babayev | Babayev | "Son of Baba" |
| 12 | Vəliyev | Valiyev | "Son of Vali" |
| 13 | Orucov | Orujov | "fasting"[citation needed] |
| 14 | İsmayılov | Ismayilov | "Son of Ismayil" |
| 15 | Ibrahimov | Ibrahimov | "Son of Ibrahim" |
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According to a comprehensive survey of residential permits released by the Chinese Ministry of Public Security on April 24, 2007,[2][3][4] the top three surnames in China have a combined population larger than Indonesia,[5] the world's fourth-most-populous country. The top 10 surnames each have a population greater than 20 million; the top 22 have populations of more than 10 million. The top 100 surnames cover 84.77% of China's population.
The press release from the Ministry of Public Security only provided detailed numbers for the top three surnames. Information about the others from 2006 comes from a multi-year study by Yuan Yida of the Chinese Academy of Sciences's Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, which purportedly used a sample size of 296 million spread across 1,110 counties and cities.[6]
| Rank | Name | Romanization | Total Number (2007) |
Frequency (2007) |
Estimated Number (2006) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simp. | Trad. | |||||
| 1 | 王 | Wáng [a]/Wong | 92,881,000 | 7.25% | 92,550,000 | |
| 2 | 李 | Lǐ [b]/Lee | 92,074,000 | 7.19% | 91,020,000 | |
| 3 | 张 | 張 | Zhāng [c]/Cheung | 87,502,000 | 6.83% | 86,690,000 |
| 4 | 刘 | 劉 | Liú [d]/Lau | >20,000,000 | — | 65,280,000 |
| 5 | 陈 | 陳 | Chén /Chan | — | — | 56,640,000 |
| 6 | 杨 | 楊 | Yáng [e] /Yeung | — | — | 41,680,000 |
| 7 | 黄 | 黃 | Huáng/Wong | — | — | 29,410,000 |
| 8 | 赵 | 趙 | Zhào/Chiu | — | — | 26,180,000 |
| 9 | 吴 | 吳 | Wú [f]/Ng | — | — | 25,020,000 |
| 10 | 周 | Zhōu/Chow | — | — | 24,330,000 | |
| 11 | 徐 | Xú [g] /Tsui | >10,000,000 | — | 18,550,000 | |
| 12 | 孙 | 孫 | Sūn/Sun | — | — | 17,940,000 |
| 13 | 马 | 馬 | Mǎ/Ma | — | — | 16,890,000 |
| 14 | 朱 | Zhū/Chu | — | — | 16,460,000 | |
| 15 | 胡 | Hú/Woo | — | — | 14,970,000 | |
| 16 | 郭 | Guō/Kwok | — | — | 14,260,000 | |
| 17 | 何 | Hé/Ho | — | — | 13,340,000 | |
| 18 | 高 | Gāo/Ko | — | — | 12,900,000 | |
| 19 | 林 | Lín/Lam | — | — | 12,500,000 | |
| 20 | 罗 | 羅 | Luó/Law | — | — | 12,400,000 |
| Rank | Name | Romanization | Total Number[14] (2010) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ბერიძე | Beridze | 24,962 |
| 2 | მამედოვი | Mammadov Mamedovi |
23,675 |
| 3 | კაპანაძე | Kapanadze | 17,202 |
| 4 | გელაშვილი | Gelashvili | 16,350 |
| 5 | ალიევი | Aliyev Alievi |
15,742 |
| 6 | მაისურაძე | Maisuradze | 14,824 |
| 7 | გიორგაძე | Giorgadze | 12,954 |
| 8 | ლომიძე | Lomidze | 11,796 |
| 9 | წიკლაური | Tsiklauri | 11,571 |
| 10 | ბოლქვაძე | Bolkvadze | 10,916 |
| 11 | კვარაცხელია | Kvaratskhelia | 10,447 |
| 12 | ნოზაძე | Nozadze | 10,183 |
| 13 | ხუციშვილი | Khutsishvili | 10,075 |
| 14 | შენგელია | Shengelia | 9,928 |
| 15 | აბულაძე | Abuladze | 9,663 |
| 16 | მიქელაძე | Mikeladze | 9,220 |
| 17 | ტაბატაძე | Tabatadze | 8,654 |
| 18 | მჭედლიშვილი | Mchedlishvili | 8,446 |
| 19 | ბაირამოვი | Bairamov Bairamovi |
8,373 |
| 20 | გოგოლაძე | Gogoladze | 8,362 |
Indian surnames usually derive from occupational titles or caste distinctions and tend to vary among the wide variety of ethnic groups and cultural regions of India. For example, many common family names in the Dravidian states are rare, or nonexistent, in eastern or northern India, and vice versa. Indian family names also originate from the language spoken in the state or community and depend on the religious affiliation of the family. Hindu family names usually come from Pali, Sanskrit or Tamil and may contain the name or title of a family deity, whereas Muslim last names are usually derived from Arabic, Persian or Turkish. Family names may also indicate lower or upper caste origin of the family as many surnames are exclusive only to certain social groups.
| Rank | Name | Meaning | Total Number[15] (2014) |
Region |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Patel | Hindu | 70,839,839 | |
| 2 | Singh [h] | Lion | 36,058,956 | North India |
| 3 | Kumar [i] | Prince | 31,014,317 | North India, South India |
| 4 | Das | Devotee | 10,485,481 | Punjab, East India |
| 5 | Kaur | Princess | 10,382,053 | Punjab |
| 6 | Ram | Rama (God) | 7,412,410 | South India |
| 7 | Yadav | Princess | 7,061,034 | Hindi belt, Maharashtra |
| 8 | Kumari | girl, princess | 6,280,211 | North India |
| 9 | Ali | high, elevated | 5,796,792 | Muslims throughout |
| 10 | Lal | darling, precious, beloved | 5,751,667 | Hindi belt, Bengal |
| 11 | Bibi | Lady | 5,669,410 | Muslim women throughout |
| 12 | Khatun | queen regnant | 5,510,718 | Muslim women throughout |
| 13 | Bai | lady | 5,401,652 | Maharashtra |
| 14 | Sharma | happiness | 4,887,182 | East India, South India |
| 15 | Sah | gentleman | 4,887,182 | Central India, North India |
| 16 | Khan | king | 4,442,333 | Muslims throughout |
| 17 | Mandal | group | 4,408,832 | East India |
| 18 | Mandol | group | 4,042,430 | East India |
| 19 | Patel | one who holds land | 3,957,109 | Gujarat |
| 20 | Patil | chief of the village | 3,776,738 | Maharashtra |
| 21 | Rajput | King | 3,771,896 | North India |
Most Indonesians do not use family last name. There is only a small number of ethnic groups which maintain family names.
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Officially, there are 291,129 different Japanese surnames,[22] as determined by their kanji, although many of these are spelled and romanized similarly. The top 10 surnames cover approximately 10% of the population, while the top 100 cover slightly more than 33%.[23]
This ranking is a result of "The National Same Family Name Investigation" by Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company.[23] This investigation included approximately 6,118,000 customers of Meiji Yasuda's insurance and annuities, as of August 2008.
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| Rank
(2014)[25] |
Name | Total Number
(2014)[25] |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Santos | 532,577 |
| 2 | Reyes | 518,206 |
| 3 | Cruz | 425,791 |
| 4 | Bautista | 415,802 |
| 5 | Del Rosario | 356,834 |
| 6 | Gonzales | 296,642 |
| 7 | Ramos | 271,122 |
| 8 | Aquino | 232,841 |
| 9 | Garcia | 213,894 |
| 10 | Lopez | 205,903 |
The majority of Filipinos use Spanish surnames that were given to them by their Spanish rulers (See Alphabetical Catalog of Surnames). However, many Filipinos still use their native surnames such as Kalaw, Macaraeg, Gatdula and many others. Filipino Chinese often use their Chinese family names. Some other Filipino mestizos (mixed-ancestry) bear the foreign names of their bloodline.
According to a comprehensive survey of residential permits released by the Taiwanese Ministry of the Interior's Department of Population in 2016, Taiwan has only 1,503 surnames.[26] The top ten surnames in Taiwan accounted for 52.77% of the general population, and the top 100 accounted for 96.56%.
| Rank | Character | Romanizations | % of total pop. | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2016 | Mainland (2007) |
Mandarin | Cantonese | Minnan | Other | |||||||
| Trad. | Simp. | Pinyin | Wade | Jyutping | HK | Other | POJ | Other | ||||
| 1 | 5 | 陳 | 陈 | Chén | Ch'en2 | Can4 | Chan | Chun | Tân | Ting | 11.14% | |
| 2 | 19 | 林 | Lín | Lin2 | Lam4 | Lam | Lum | Lîm | Lim, Liem | 8.31% | ||
| 3 | 7 | 黃 | 黄 | Huáng | Huang2 | Wong4 | Wong | Wang Vang |
Ng | Eng, Ung Wee, Oei Ooi, Uy Bong |
6.05% | |
| 4 | 3 | 張 | 张 | Zhāng | Chang1 | Zoeng1 | Cheung | Chong5 Cheong4 |
Tiu | Teo, Teoh Tio, Thio Tiew |
Tiong | 5.27% |
| 5 | 2 | 李 | Lǐ | Li3 | Lei5 | Lee Li |
Le Lei4 |
Lí | Lee Lie Dee |
5.13% | ||
| 6 | 1 | 王 | Wáng | Wang2 | Wong4 | Wong | Vong | Ông | Heng | 4.11% | ||
| 7 | 9 | 吳 | 吴 | Wú | Wu2 | Ng4 | Ng | Ung4, Eng | Gô• Ngô• |
Goh, Gouw | Woo | 4.04% |
| 8 | 4 | 劉 | 刘 | Liú | Liu2 | Lau4 | Lau | Lao4 Lou |
Lâu | Low Lao, Lauw |
3.16% | |
| 9 | 40 | 蔡 | Cài | Ts'ai4 | Coi3 | Choi | Choy Tsoi Toy |
Chhoà | Chua, Choa Tjoa |
Tsay Chai |
2.91% | |
| 10 | 6 | 楊 | 杨 | Yáng | Yang2 | Joeng4 | Yeung | Yeong Ieong4 |
Iû | Eaw Yeo, Yeoh Yong Joe, Yo |
Young | 2.66% |
There are no common Thai surnames. Surnames were largely introduced to Thai culture only by the 1913 Surname Act.[27] The law does not allow one to create any surname that is duplicated with any existing surnames.[28] Under Thai law, only one family can create any given surname: any two people of the same surname must be related, and it is very rare for two people to share the same full name. In one sample of 45,665 names, 81% of family names were unique.[29]
| Rank[30] | Name | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yılmaz | intrepid/dauntless |
| 2 | Kaya | rock |
| 3 | Demir | iron |
| 4 | Şahin | falcon/hawk |
| 5 | Çelik | steel |
| 6 | Yıldız | star |
| 7 | Yıldırım | thunderbolt |
| 8 | Öztürk | pure Turk |
| 9 | Aydın | cultured/enlightened |
| 10 | Özdemir | pure iron |
| 11 | Arslan | lion |
| 12 | Doğan | falcon |
| 13 | Kılıç | sword |
| 14 | Aslan | lion |
| 15 | Çetin | stiff/tough |
| 16 | Kara | black |
| 17 | Koç | ram |
| 18 | Kurt | wolf |
| 19 | Özkan | pure blood |
| 20 | Şimşek | lightning |
| Rank[31] | Name | % of total pop. | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vietnamese | Chữ Hán | ||
| 1 | Nguyễn | 阮 | 38% |
| 2 | Trần | 陳 | 11% |
| 3 | Lê | 黎 | 9.5% |
| 4 | Phạm | 范 | 7.1% |
| 5 | Huỳnh/Hoàng | 黃 | 5.1% |
| 6 | Phan | 潘 | 4.5% |
| 7 | Vũ/Võ | 武 | 3.9% |
| 8 | Đặng | 鄧 | 2.1% |
| 9 | Bùi | 裴 | 2% |
| 10 | Đỗ | 杜 | 1.4% |
| 11 | Hồ | 胡 | 1.3% |
| 12 | Ngô | 吳 | 1.3% |
| 13 | Dương | 楊 | 1% |
| 14 | Lý | 李 | 0.5% |
See also
- Lists of East Asian surnames
- Lists of most common surnames, for other continents
Notes
- ^ Most common surname in the world.[7]
- ^ 4th most common surname in the world.[8]
- ^ 3rd most common surname in the world.[9]
- ^ 5th most common surname in the world.[10]
- ^ 7th most common surname in the world.[11]
- ^ 9th most common surname in the world.[12]
- ^ 10th most common surname in the world.[13]
- ^ 6th most common surname in the world.[16]
- ^ 8th most common surname in the world.[17]
References
- ^ Какие самые распространенные фамилии в Азербайджане?. 1news.az (in Russian). Retrieved 19 January 2013.
- ^ Xinhua News. 24 Apr 2007. "中国姓氏排行". "天下第一大姓——王." 14 Nov 2007. Accessed 26 Mar 2012.
- ^ "公安部统计：'王'成中国第一大姓 有9288万人." 24 Apr 2007. Accessed 27 Mar 2012.Template:Zh icon
- ^ Baidu Baike. "新百家姓". Template:Zh icon
- ^ Badan Pusat Statistik. "Population of Indonesia by Province 1971, 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2010 Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine". 2009. Accessed 29 Mar 2012.
- ^ "全国姓氏排名前二十位人口统计数". National Citizen Identity Information Center. Archived from the original on 5 January 2009. Retrieved 15 May 2015.
- ^ Wang Surname Meaning & Statistics
- ^ Li Surname Meaning & Statistics
- ^ Zhang Surname Meaning & Statistics
- ^ Liu Surname Meaning & Statistics
- ^ Yang Surname Meaning & Statistics
- ^ Wu Surname Meaning & Statistics
- ^ Xu Surname Meaning & Statistics
- ^ Georgian Civil Registry Agency. "Popular Names Archived 2012-03-09 at the Wayback Machine". Accessed 26 Oct 2010. Template:Ka icon
- ^ Surnames of India at Forebears
- ^ Singh Surname Meaning & Statistics
- ^ Kumar Surname Meaning & Statistics
- ^ כהן, לוי וכל השאר: דירוג 500 השמות הנפוצים [Cohen, Levi and the rest: the 500 most common names] (in Hebrew). Ynet. 14 January 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2015.
- ^ Kaganoff, B. C. A Dictionary of Jewish Names and Their History. Schocken Books (New York), 1977. Zeichner, Saul. Kolomea Research Group. "Surnames of Interest: Origins and/or Meanings". 3 Nov 2010. Accessed 1 Feb 2012.
- ^ Beider, Alexander & al. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu (New York), 1993. Zeichner, Saul. Kolomea Research Group. "Surnames of Interest: Origins and/or Meanings". 3 Nov 2010. Accessed 1 Feb 2012.
- ^ Gotthard Deutsch. Jewish Encyclopedia. "Katz". 1906. Accessed 1 Feb 2012.
- ^ 日本苗字大辞典 [Japanese Surname Dictionary]. 芳文館 [Houbunkan]. 1996. ISBN 4990058402.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help); Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=(help) - ^ a b "明治安田生命 全国同姓調査 [Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company - National same family name investigation]" (PDF) (Press release). Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company. 2008-09-24. Retrieved 2012-05-30.
- ^ South Korean National Statistical Office. 2000 Census.
- ^ a b http://forebears.io/philippines#surnames
- ^ 全國姓名統計分析. Ministry of the Interior, R.O.C. (Taiwan). 2016. ISBN 9789860503043.
- ^ Asian Times. "What's in a name? The number nine, if you want." Archived 2014-12-28 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ รศ. ดร.นิตยา กาญจนะวรรณ. เรื่องของนามสกุล (๒) (in Thai). Royal Institute of Thailand. Retrieved 2014-12-28.
- ^ 45,665 Thai names: Examining passlist.96, by Doug Cooper
- ^ Turkish Directorate-General of Population and Citizenships
- ^ Lê Trung Hoa. Họ và Tên người Việt Nam. Social Sciences Publishing House.