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List of anarchist communities

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    The Trumbullplex, an anarchist intentional community in the Woodbridge neighborhood of Detroit, Michigan[1]

    This is a list of anarchist communities representing any society or portion thereof founded by anarchists that functions according to anarchist philosophy and principles. Anarchists have created and been involved in a plethora of community experiments since the 19th century. There are numerous instances in which a community organizes itself along philosophically anarchist lines to promote regional anarchist movements, counter-economics and countercultures. These have included intentional communities founded by anarchists as social experiments and community oriented projects, such as collective organizations and cooperative businesses. There are also several instances of mass society "anarchies" that have come about from explicitly anarchist revolutions, including Makhnovia in Ukraine,[2] Revolutionary Catalonia in Spain[3] and the Shinmin autonomous region in Manchuria.[4]

    Mass societies

    The Free Territory was a region where an attempt was made to form a stateless, anarchist society and its approximated location (in red) was in part of the territory of modern Ukraine during the Ukrainian War of Independence[2]
    Map of the territory administered by the Regional Defence Council of Aragon (in red) within Republican Spain (in pink), during the Spanish Revolution
    The Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities are territories controlled by the Neo-zapatista support bases in the Mexican state of Chiapas.[5]
    Rojava is an autonomous libertarian socialist federated semi-direct democracy in North and East Syria, claiming to be a model for a federalized Syria as a whole, rather than outright independence.

    Active societies

    Flag Society Since Duration Location Ideology Ref.
    Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement 1958 66 years, 4 days Sri Lanka Buddhism, Gandhism [6]
    Exarcheia 1973 (November 14) 50 years, 361 days Athens, Greece Anarchism, Socialism [7][8]
    Federation of Neighborhood Councils-El Alto 1979 (November 16) 44 years, 359 days El Alto, Bolivia Direct democracy, Indigenismo [9]
    Marinaleda 1979 (April 3) 45 years, 220 days Seville, Spain Communism [10]
    Popular Indigenous Council of Oaxaca "Ricardo Flores Magón" 1980s 37 years, 345 days Oaxaca, Mexico Indigenismo, Magonism [11]
    Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities 1994 (January 1) 30 years, 313 days Chiapas, Mexico Neozapatismo [12]
    Barcelona's Squatters Movement 2000 24 years, 242 days Barcelona, Spain Anarchism, Autonomism [13]
    Dignity Village 2000 (December) 23 years, 344 days Portland, United States Anarchism [14][15][16]
    Barbacha 2001 (April 20) 23 years, 203 days Algeria Berberism, Kabylism [17]
    Villa de Zaachila 2006 (June 14) 18 years, 148 days Oaxaca, Mexico Indigenismo, Magonism [11]
    Zone to Defend 2009 (August 3) 15 years, 98 days France Green anarchism [18]
    Cherán 2011 (April 15) 13 years, 208 days Michoacán, Mexico Direct democracy, Indigenismo [19]
    Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria 2012 (July 19) 12 years, 113 days Syria Democratic confederalism [20][21]

    Past societies

    Flag Society From Until Duration Location Ideology Ref.
    Paris Commune 18 March 1871 28 May 1871 71 days Paris, France Revolutionary socialism [22]
    Canton of Cartagena 12 July 1873 12 January 1874 184 days Cartagena, Spain Cantonalism, Mutualism [23]
    Strandzha Commune 18 August 1903 8 September 1903 21 days Ottoman Empire Anarcho-communism [24]
    Baja Rebellion 29 January 1911 22 June 1911 144 days Baja California, Mexico Magonism [25]
    Morelos Commune 1913 1917 4 years, 87 days Morelos, Mexico Zapatismo [26][27]
    Soviet Republic of Naissaar 17 December 1917 26 February 1918 71 days Naissaar, present-day Estonia Anarcho-syndicalism [28]
    Odessa Soviet Republic 17 January 1918 13 March 1918 55 days Odessa, present-day Ukraine Revolutionary socialism [29]
    Free Territory 27 November 1918 28 August 1921 2 years, 274 days Ukraine Anarcho-communism, Platformism [2]
    Bremen Soviet Republic 10 January 1919 4 February 1919 25 days Bremen, Germany Revolutionary socialism [30]
    Bavarian Soviet Republic 12 April 1919 3 May 1919 21 days Bavaria, Germany Revolutionary socialism [31][32]
    Limerick Soviet 15 April 1919 27 April 1919 12 days Ireland Revolutionary socialism [33]
    Patagonia Rebelde August 1920 February 1922 1 year, 184 days Santa Cruz, Argentina Anarcho-syndicalism [34][35]
    Tambov Rebellion 19 August 1920 12 June 1921 297 days Tambov, Russia Agrarian socialism [36]
    Kronstadt Rebellion 1 March 1921 17 March 1921 10 days Kronstadt, Russia Anarcho-syndicalism [37]
    Guangzhou City Commune 2 April 1921 13 December 1927 6 years, 255 days Guangzhou, China Anarchism [38]
    Shinmin Prefecture August 1929 September 1931 2 years, 46 days Manchuria, China Anarcho-communism [39]
    Revolutionary Catalonia 21 July 1936 10 February 1939 2 years, 204 days Catalonia, Spain Anarcho-syndicalism [3]
    Sovereign Council of Asturias and León 6 September 1936 21 October 1937 1 year, 45 days Spain Libertarian socialism [40]
    Regional Defence Council of Aragon 6 October 1936 11 August 1937 309 days Aragon, Spain Anarcho-communism [3]
    People's Republic of Korea 12 September 1945 8 February 1946 149 days Korea Direct democracy [41]
    Saigon Commune 23 September 1945 13 January 1946 112 days Saigon, Vietnam Anti-imperialism [42]
    Shanghai People's Commune 5 January 1967 24 February 1967 50 days Shanghai, China Revolutionary socialism [43]
    Argentinian Horizontalidad 13 December 2001 25 May 2003 1 year, 163 days Argentina Autonomism, Participatory economics [44]
    Oaxaca City 14 June 2006 27 November 2006 166 days Oaxaca, Mexico Direct democracy, Magonism [11]
    Symphony Way February 2008 19 October 2009 1 year, 242 days Delft, South Africa Anti-authoritarianism [9]
    15M Movement 15 May 2011 11 April 2015 3 years, 331 days Spain Anti-austerity, Direct democracy [45]
    Gezi Park Commune 27 May 2013 20 August 2013 85 days Istanbul, Turkey Anti-authoritarianism [45]
    Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone 8 June 2020 1 July 2020 23 days Seattle, United States Occupy protest [46]

    Intentional communities

    Active communities:

    Past communities:

    Community projects

    Active Projects

    Past Projects

    See also

    References

    1. ^ a b Osborne, Domenique (2002-11-09). "Radically wholesome". Metro Times. Archived from the original on 2011-03-30. Retrieved 2011-04-13.
    2. ^ a b c Skirda, Alexandre (2004). Nestor Makhno: Anarchy's Cossack. AK Press. ISBN 1-902593-68-5.
    3. ^ a b c Dolgoff, Sam (1974). The Anarchist Collectives: Workers' Self-Management in the Spanish Revolution, 1936–1939.
    4. ^ "Cartography of Revolutionary Anarchism". Anarchy In Action. Archived from the original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
    5. ^ Mallett-Outtrim, Ryan (August 13, 2016). "Two decades on: A glimpse inside the Zapatista's capital, Oventic". Archived from the original on July 23, 2019. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
    6. ^ Clark, John (2013). The Impossible Community: Realising Communitarian Anarchism.
    7. ^ King, Alex; Manoussaki-Adamopoulou, Ioanna (August 26, 2019). "Inside Exarcheia: the self-governing community Athens police want rid of". The Guardian. Retrieved November 10, 2020.
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    9. ^ a b Gelderloos, Peter (2010). "How will cities work?". Anarchy Works. San Francisco: Ardent Press.
    10. ^ Hancox, Dan (20 October 2013). "Marinaleda: Spain's communist model village". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 September 2018.
    11. ^ a b c Denham, Diana (2008). Teaching Rebellion: Stories from the Grassroots Mobilization of Oaxaca. Oakland: PM Press.
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    13. ^ Gelderloos, Peter (2009). To Get To The Other Side: a journey through europe and its anarchist movements.
    14. ^ Herring, Chris (December 2015). "Tent City, America". Places. Retrieved November 10, 2020.
    15. ^ Speer, Jessie (December 2014). Right to the Tent City: The Struggle Over Urban Space in Fresno, California (Thesis). Syracuse University. Retrieved November 10, 2020.
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    17. ^ Collective, CrimethInc. Ex-Workers. "Other Rojavas: Echoes of the Free Commune of Barbacha". CrimethInc. Archived from the original on 2018-05-17. Retrieved 2018-05-16.
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    29. ^ Smele, Jonathan D. (2015-11-19). Historical Dictionary of the Russian Civil Wars, 1916-1926. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 1155–1156. ISBN 978-1-4422-5281-3.
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    33. ^ "Forgotten Revolution: Limerick Soviet, 1919". Archived from the original on 2019-06-26. Retrieved 2019-07-16.
    34. ^ Oved, Yaacov (1997). "The Uniqueness of Anarchism in Argentina". Estudios Interdisciplinarios de América Latina y el Caribe. 8 (1). Tel Aviv: University of Tel Aviv. ISSN 0792-7061. OCLC 25122634.
    35. ^ Colombo, Eduardo (1971), "Anarchism in Argentina and Uruguay", in Apter, David E.; Joll, James (eds.), Anarchism Today, Garden City, New York: Anchor Books, pp. 219–220
    36. ^ von Geldern, James. "The Antonov Rebellion".
    37. ^ Leonard F. Guttridge (1 August 2006). Mutiny: A History of Naval Insurrection. Naval Institute Press. p. 174. ISBN 978-1-59114-348-2. Archived from the original on 13 May 2019. Retrieved 25 September 2018.
    38. ^ Dongyoun Hwang, "Korean Anarchism Before 1945: A Regional and Transnational Approach" in Anarchism and Syndicalism in the Colonial and Postcolonial World, 118.
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    40. ^ Alexander, Robert (1999). The Anarchists in the Spanish Civil War, Volume 2. Janus Publishing Company Lim. p. 844. ISBN 9781857564129. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
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    45. ^ a b Gelderloos, Peter (2015). The Failure of Nonviolence.
    46. ^ Silva, Daniella; Moschella, Matteo (June 11, 2020). "Seattle protesters set up 'autonomous zone' after police evacuate precinct". NBC News. Archived from the original on June 12, 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
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    61. ^ See "crass retirement cottage," nest magazine #21, summer 2003, pp 106-121
    62. ^ Niranjan, Ajit (July 24, 2015). "How an abandoned barracks in Ljubljana became Europe's most successful urban squat". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on October 7, 2018. Retrieved October 7, 2018.

    Further reading

    Template:Anarchies

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