Pashayi languages
Appearance
Pashayi | |
---|---|
Native to | Afghanistan |
Ethnicity | Pashayi people |
Native speakers | 400,000 (2000–2011)[1] |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | Variously:aee – Northeasternglh – Northwesternpsi – Southeasternpsh – Southwestern |
Glottolog | pash1270 |
Linguasphere | 59-AAA-a |
Pashayi or Pashai is a group of languages spoken by the Pashai people in parts of Kapisa, Laghman, Nuristan, Kunar, and Nangarhar Provinces in Northeastern Afghanistan. It belongs to the Dardic branch of the Indo-Aryan languages.[2] Most speakers are bilingual in Pashto with a literacy rate of about 25%, with the Pashayi languages having no written form prior to 2003.[3] There are four mutually unintelligible varieties, with only about a 30% lexical similarity:[1]
- Northeastern: Aret, Chalas (Chilas), Kandak, Kurangal, Kurdar dialects
- Northwestern: Alasai, Bolaghain, Gulbahar, Kohnadeh, Laurowan, Najil, Nangarach, Pachagan, Pandau, Parazhghan, Pashagar, Sanjan, Shamakot, Shutul, Uzbin, Wadau dialects
- Southeastern: Damench, Laghmani, Sum, and Upper and Lower Darra-i-Nur dialects
- Southwestern: Ishpi, Isken, Tagau dialects
References
- ^ a b Northeastern at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Northwestern at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Southeastern at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Southwestern at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ Masica, Colin P. (1991). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 440.
- ^ Yun, Ju-Hong (2003). "Pashai Language Development Project: Promoting Pashai language, literacy and community development" (PDF).
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