1875 in Canada
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| Years in Canada: | 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 |
| Centuries: | 18th century · 19th century · 20th century |
| Decades: | 1840s 1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s |
| Years: | 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 |
| Part of a series on the |
| History of Canada |
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Events from the year 1875 in Canada.
Incumbents
Crown
- Head of state (monarch) – Queen Victoria (consort – Vacant)
Federal government
- Governor general – Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood (viceregal consort – Hariot Georgina Rowan-Hamilton)
- Prime minister – Alexander Mackenzie
Provincial governments
Lieutenant governors
- Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – Joseph Trutch
- Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – Alexander Morris
- Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Samuel Leonard Tilley
- Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Adams George Archibald
- Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – John Willoughby Crawford (until May 13) then Donald Alexander Macdonald (from May 18)
- Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Robert Hodgson
- Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – René-Édouard Caron
Premiers
- Premier of British Columbia – George Anthony Walkem
- Premier of Manitoba – Robert Atkinson Davis
- Premier of New Brunswick – George Edwin King
- Premier of Nova Scotia – William Annand (until May 8) then Philip Carteret Hill (from May 11)
- Premier of Ontario – Oliver Mowat
- Premier of Prince Edward Island – Lemuel Cambridge Owen
- Premier of Quebec – Charles Boucher de Boucherville
Territorial governments
Lieutenant governors
Events
- January 14 - The Halifax Herald is first published
- January 18 - 1875 Ontario election: Sir Oliver Mowat's Liberals win a second consecutive majority
- April 5 - The Supreme Court of Canada is created
- April 8 - The Northwest Territories is given a lieutenant-governor separate from that of Manitoba.
- May 11 - Philip Carteret Hill becomes premier of Nova Scotia, replacing William Annand
- June 1 - Construction begins on the Canadian Pacific Railway
- June 30 - The Land Purchase Act comes into effect in Prince Edward Island in order to address the "land question", one of the issues that had prompted the colony to join Confederation
- July 7 - 1875 Quebec election: Charles-Eugène Boucher de Boucherville's Conservatives win a third consecutive majority
- July 20 - 1875 British Columbia election
- September 2 - The Guibord Affair, violence resulting from the 1874 Guibord case, breaks out.
Full date unknown
- Louis Riel is granted amnesty with the condition that he be banished for five years.
- Jennifer Trout becomes the first woman licensed to practise medicine in Canada, although Emily Stowe has been doing so without a licence in Toronto since 1867
- Grace Lockhart receives from Mount Allison University the first Bachelor of Arts degree awarded to a woman.
- Hospital for Sick Children founded.
Births
- March 29 - Harry James Barber, politician (d.1959)
- June 12 - Sam De Grasse, actor (d.1953)
- June 15 - Herman Smith-Johannsen, ski pioneer and supercentenarian (d.1987)
- August 2 - Albert Hickman, politician and 17th Prime Minister of Newfoundland (d.1943)
- August 21 - Winnifred Eaton, author (d.1954)
- August 22 - François Blais, politician (d.1949)
- August 26 - John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir, novelist, politician and 15th Governor General of Canada (d.1940)
- September 6 - Edith Berkeley, biologist
- October 5 - Anne-Marie Huguenin, journalist
- November 19 - John Knox Blair, politician, physician and teacher (d.1950)
- December 5 - Arthur Currie, World War I general (d.1933)
Deaths
- March 1 - Henry Kellett, officer in the Royal Navy, oceanographer, Arctic explorer (b.1806)
- June 22 - William Edmond Logan, geologist (b.1798)
- July 15 - Charles La Rocque, priest and third Bishop of Saint-Hyacinthe (b.1809)
- July 22 - Amable Éno, dit Deschamps, political figure (b.1785)
- August 21 - George Coles, Premier of Prince Edward Island (b.1810)
- December 14 - Marie-Anne Gaboury, female explorer (b.1780)
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