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List of equipment of the Turkish Land Forces

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Turkish Land Forces
Components
History
Equipment

Modern equipment of the Turkish Land Forces

Infantry weapons

Handguns

Shotguns

Submachine Guns

Assault and Battle Rifles

Sniper Rifles

Anti-Material Rifles

Machine Guns

Rocket & Grenade Launchers

Grenades & Mines

Mortars

Recoilless Guns

AT Rockets

Protective gear

Vehicles

Tanks

Model Image Origin Type Variant Number Details
Altay File:Altaymbt.png  Turkey Main Battle Tank 4 (prototypes)[35] Serial production to start in 2017 with the first batch consisting of 250 units and estimated to cost $2B. Three more similar batches are expected to be ordered.[36]
Leopard 2 File:Leopardng.jpg
  Germany
 Turkey		 Main Battle Tank NG
A4
Total		 1
353
354[1][17]		 Bought from the German Bundeswehr in 2005.[37] (http://defence-blog.com/army/photo-of-upgrade-leopard-2ng-by-by-aselsan-of-turkey.html)
M60 Patton
 United States
 Israel		 Main Battle Tank M60T 'Sabra'
A3 TTS
A1
Total		 170
658[38]
104
932[17]		 Obtained through conventional forces in Europe treaty 1991.
Leopard 1  West Germany
 Turkey		 Main Battle Tank 1T 'Volkan'
A3
Total		 170[39]
227
397[40]		 In the late 1970s, after the review of the next generation Soviet T-72 and T-80 tank capabilities, Turkey was alarmed to learn that their M48 Patton's would no longer be able to destroy these new tanks in the numbers required to prevent a Soviet occupation of the country if the Cold War were ever to go hot. So Turkey began to search for a tank that could deliver greater lethality eventually settling on the German Leopard 1. Under an agreement signed in Bonn in November 1980, Turkey would obtain a first batch of 77 tanks by 1983. A further 150 were delivered by the end of 1991, and the last units were received by the end of 1994.[41] In 2002 Turkey reached an agreement with ASELSAN Corporation to upgrade the Leopard 1 tanks, prolonging their service life by another 20 years.[42] This modernization ended suddenly in 2009 as a result of the Financial crisis of 2008 and the subsequent shortage of money in the Turkish coffers. Only 170 units were modernized.[39]
M48 Patton  United States
 Turkey		 Main Battle Tank A5T2 758[38] The M48 was by far the most fielded tank of the Turkish Armed Forces with 3,008 units active during the Cold War, with the runner-up being the M47 Patton of which Turkey fielded 1,347.[43] Today all units are in reserve and will be replaced by the Altay Tank.

Armored Vehicles

Model Image Origin Type Variant Number Details
FNSS ACV-15  United States
 Belgium
 Turkey		 IFV
APC
TD		 ACV-AIFV
ACV-AAPC
ACV-ATV
Total		 650
1,380
48
2,078		 ACV-15 is license built copy of the American AIFV which was presented to the U.S. Army in a 1967 competition but lost out to the M2 Bradley. Turkey decided to acquire this vehicle for its own armed forces in 1989 with the first 285 units built in Belgium; while rest of the vehicles were produced in Turkey between 1992 and 1997 and again between 2001 and 2004. In total 2,945 units were built of which 2,438 would serve in the Turkish Army.[44] The ACV-15 came in 12 different variants: armored infantry use the IFV, AAPC, AFOV, MES-V, CP, MEV, ATV vehicles; artillery uses AMV-81 and AMV-120; the engineers use ARV and the AESV; and the final variant is used by air defense - the Atılgan.[45] The FNSS Corporation continued further development of their ACV frame resulting in the FNSS ACV-19[1] - a bigger and more capable version of the ACV-15. Two units were produced in 2000 for evaluation, but Turkey chose not to follow on with an order and none are operational with the army today.
M113  United States
 Turkey		 Armored Personnel Carrier M113A3
M125
Total		 3,000
162
3,162[17]		 187 units bought from Germany's stock in 1993.[46] All modernized.
Ejder  Turkey MRAP Yalçın 4x4 50[47]
BTR-80  Russia Armored Personnel Carrier 535[17] Bought from Russian stockpile between 1993 and 1999.[48] All modernized.
Kirpi  Turkey MRAP 420 (+48)[49] Impressed by the survivability of the American Cougar and MaxxPro MRAPs during the Iraq war, Turkey decided to create its own MRAP bus. Serial production began in 2010 by the BMC with all of the 468 vehicles supposed to be delivered by 2013, but the BMC failed badly delivering only 200 units by the deadline.[50] The following year it declared bankruptcy putting the Kirpi production into serious jeopardy and forcing the government seize the company to protect production while the company restructured.[51] As of May 2015 BMC exited bankruptcy and the production rate begun to increase. Today 620[52] units have been produced, 200 of which are in service with the Turkish Gendarmerie. Kirpi is Turkish for hedgehog.
Cobra  Turkey MRAP Cobra I
Cobra II		 1,200[1] Turkey's first MRAP entered production in 1997, design to rectify its predecessors weakness - its mine resistance. Its suspension / wheel base is based on the American HMMWV which led some to mistakenly claim that Turkey actually uses the HMMWV as one of its utility vehicles.[53]
Akrep  Turkey Armored Car 370[1] In 1994 Turkey's first indigenous armored car entered production;[54] it was light and nimble, capable of operating in the country as well as in the city, and had enough armor to protect against small arms. But it had one major weakness - landmine survivability - as was demonstrated during a war against the PKK. So the army suspended its procurement of Akreps in favor of Otokar Cobra, with all the follow on units produced going for export only. Since the mid 2000s Turkey has been selling off its Akreps as the stock of Cobras built.
LAV-150  United States Armored Scout Car 124 [1] Lacking a dedicated vehicle for its reconnaissance batallion's Turkey ordered 124 LAV-150 vehicles in 1992 from the Cadillac Corporation.[55]

Rockets & Artillery

Model Image Origin Type Variant Number Details
J-600T Yıldırım [2]  Turkey
 Germany		 TBM 20 with 100 missiles in stock.[1] They are launched from the German MAN 26.372[1] trucks.
MGM-140 ATACMS  United States SRBM 72 with 120 missiles in stock.[56][57]
T-300 Kasırga [3]  China
 Turkey
 Germany		 Multiple Rocket Launcher 80[1] Is the WS-1 variant of the Chinese Weishi Rockets family that Turkey purchased the license to produce in the 1997 after America refused to sell the license to produce the M270,[58] installing them on the German MAN 26.372[1] trucks. It has a maximum range of 100km.
TOROS [4]  Turkey
 FR Yugoslavia		 Multiple Rocket Launcher 1 TOROS is a reverse engineered Yugoslavian M-87 Orkan with Turkish designed missiles which have a maximum range of 110km. A single unit was produced in 1997 and underwent evaluation, however no contract followed since then.[58]
M270 File:MLRS 05.jpg  United States Multiple Rocket Launcher 12[1] In 1992 Turkey purchased 12 units from US. Later during the mid 90s further 24 units were requested but under the condition that they and the rockets were to be produced in Turkey. US refused and no further acquisition followed.[58]
T-122 Sakarya [5]  Turkey
 Germany		 Multiple Rocket Launcher 130+[1] Development for the T-122 Sakarya began in 1995 with mass production commencing in 1997. It's a Turkish version of the Soviet BM-21 MRL with modern fire control and range that Turks doubled to 40km.[59] The German contribution was the MAN 26.372[1] truck on which the system rests.
RA-7040 [6]  Turkey Multiple Rocket Launcher 24[1] The RA-7040 was the first indigenously design MLR system development for which started in 1980. It can fire up to 40 70mm rockets which come in 4 different types: anti-personnel HE, anti-personnel flechette, ant-armor, and smoke. By 1983 24 units were delivered and field tests commenced, however, the results proved disappointing with the weapon system struggling to destroy anything beyond 7km - about the range of a heavy 120mm mortar.[60]Further acquisition was cancelled that same year, but the weapon saw service nevertheless in the 1990s during a war against the PKK. All units are in storage since 2005 after being replaced by T-122 Sakarya.
T-107  China
 Turkey		 Multiple Rocket Launcher 100+[1] Is a license built copy of the Chinese Type 63 MRL.
M110  United States 203mm SP gun M110A2 219[17]
M107  United States 175mm SP gun 36[1]
T-155 Fırtına  Turkey
 South Korea		 155mm SP howitzer 280[1] (+70) Turkey in partnership with South Korea was able to create an indigenous self-propelled howitzer, with production starting in 2001 and an order for 350 units.[61] They will eventually replace all M44T, M107, M108, M109.
M109  United States 155mm SP howitzer 1 Bought for evaluation.
M52 [7]  United States
 Turkey
 Germany		 155mm SP howitzer M52T 362[1] Originally obtained from the US during the 1950s, by the 1990s the system became woefully obsolete so in 1995 Turkey began a modernization program which saw the SPG get a new turret, digital command and fire control, German 155-mm / L39 gun which replaced the original 105-mm gun, and a new more powerful German diesel engine replacing the original fuel guzzling petrol engine.[62]
M44 [8]  United States
 Turkey
 West Germany		 155mm SP howitzer M44T 164[1] The first artillery system to be modernized by Turkey, with the help of West Germany, starting in 1987 and ending in 1992. In total 222 units were modernized but by the mid 2000s Turkey placed these systems into reserve. As the numbers of the new T-155 Fırtına continued to grow the M44T were slowly removed from storage and scrapped.[63]
M108  United States
 Turkey		 105mm SP howitzer M108T 26[17] Though modernized in the 80s, in 2014 all units were withdrawn from service into storage and will likely be scrapped as soon as the new batch of T-155 Fırtına is produced.[21]
FNSS ACV-15 [9]  Turkey 81mm SP mortar AMV-81 170[64]
M115  United States 203mm howitzer 162[1]
Panter  Turkey
 Singapore		 155mm howitzer 225[1](+175) Turkey has spent an extensive amount of money modernizing the American artillery pieces but by the late 1980s an assessment on modern warfare requirements concluded that Turkey no longer could compete with artillery of other countries on an equal footing. So in the mid 1990s, and with the help of Singapore Technologies Kinetics, Turkey developed a new 155mm howitzer - The Panther - which entered serial production in 2002.
M114  United States 155mm howitzer M114A2 535[1]
M101  United States 105mm howitzer M101A1 75[17]
M116  United States 75mm howitzer ?[1]

Anti-Aircraft

Model Image Origin Type Number Details
Atılgan PMADS [10]  Turkey
 United States		 Short Range Air Defense 150[1]
Zıpkın PMADS [11]  Turkey
 United States
 United Kingdom		 Short Range Air Defense 80[1]
FNSS ACV-30 [12]  Turkey SPAAG 1
M42A1 Duster  United States SPAAG 262[1][17]
Oerlikon 35 mm  Switzerland Towed AA 120[1][17]
Bofors 40 mm  Sweden Towed AA 803[1][17]
Rheinmetall 20 mm  Germany AA Gun 432[1][17]
Oerlikon 20 mm [13]  Switzerland AA Gun 439[17]
M45 Quadmount  United States AA Gun 160[1]

Engineering Vehicles

Model Image Origin Type Number Details
M88A1  United States Armored recovery vehicle 33[1][17]
M48A5T5 Tamay [14]  United States
 Turkey		 Armored recovery vehicle 105[1][17]
AZMİM [15]  Turkey /
 United States		 Armored bulldozer A Turkish license built copy of the American M9 ACE.[65]
Leguan  Germany Armoured vehicle-launched bridge 36[1][17] Bought from the German Bundeswehr in 2008.[66]
SYHK [16]  Turkey
 Germany		 Amphibious bridging vehicle x[67]
Bozena 5 [17]  Slovenia Demining vehicle x[68]

Utility Vehicles

Model Image Origin Type Number Details
Engerek  Turkey 550 [1]
Wrangler  United States
 Turkey		 5,700[1] Produced under license.
Defender  United Kingdom
 Turkey		 9,800[1] Produced under license.
M151  United States
 Turkey		 x[69] All modernized.
Willys MB  United States
 Turkey		 x[70][71] All modernized.

Cargo Vehicles

Model Image Origin Type Number Details
Mercedes Actros  Germany
 Turkey		 Truck Tractor x[1] Produced by Mercedes-Benz Türk.
Mercedes NG  West Germany
 Turkey		 Truck Tractor Produced by Mercedes-Benz Türk.
PLS  United States Very Heavy Truck
(16,500 kg)		 x[72]
HEMTT File:HEMTT M977A4 Cargo with A-kit cab.jpg  United States Very Heavy Truck
(12,000 kg)		 x[73]
BMC 380-26 [18]  Turkey Heavy Truck
(10,000 kg)		 403[1]
BMC 235-16 [19]  Turkey Heavy Truck
(5,000 kg)		 282[1]
M939  United States Heavy Truck
(5,000 kg)		 x[74]
BMC 185-09 [20]  Turkey Medium Truck
(2,500 kg)		 706[1]
Unimog  Germany
 Turkey		 Medium Truck
(2,500 kg)		 5,500[21][75] Produced by Mercedes-Benz Türk.

Radar Systems

Model Image Origin Type Number Details
AN/TPQ-36  United States
 Turkey		 Mobile Radar Produced under license by Aselsan[76]
AN/TPQ-37  United States
 Turkey		 Mobile Radar Produced under license by Aselsan[77]
KALKAN  Turkey Mobile Radar Produced by Aselsan[78]
ACAR  Turkey Ground Surveillance Radar Produced by Aselsan[79]
SERHAT  Turkey Counter-Mortar Radar Produced by Aselsan[80]

Aircraft

Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles

Helicopters

Fixed Wing Aircraft

Future procurements

Name Type Quantity Notes
National Infantry Rifle Project Battle and assault rifle 600,000[89] MKEK and Kalekalıp won the project, first 200 batch delivered to the Land Forces. All G3 and HK33 rifles will be replaced with MPT in next 10 years.[90] Rifle will have 7.62mm[91] and 5.56 NATO variants.[92] MKEK MPT-76 National Rifle delivered to Turkish Land Forces in May 2014.[7][93]
Modern National Machine Gun Project General-purpose machine gun TBD MKEK and Kalekalıp won the project.[94] First batch will be delivered in 2015.[95] Machine gun will use 7.62mm.[96]
Utility Helicopter Programme Utility helicopter 109~300[97] A version of AgustaWestland AW149 named TUHP149, and the Turkish T-70 version of the S-70i Black Hawk, were candidates for the programme which worth $4 billion.[97] On 21 April 2011 the Turkish defence minister announced that the Sikorsky T-70 Black Hawk had been declared the winner.[98]
Indigenous Helicopter Project Utility helicopter TBD Under Development by TAI.[99][100]
Heavy Lift Helicopter Programme Transport helicopter 11[101] CH-47F's ordered. 5 to Land Forces Command, 1 to Special Forces Command,[101] expected to be produced by 2016.[102]
T-LORAMIDS Missile defence/air defence system 12[103] FD-2000 Selected over competing U.S., Russian, and European systems.[104][105] Cancelled in favor of a domestically produced initiative.[106]
Next Gen APC Armored Personnel Carrier TBD A competition exists between Turkeys two largest arms producers in winning the contract to supply Turkey's next generation APC which is intended to replace all of the BTR-80 and M113s. The FNSS Defence Systems is offering the Pars[17] while the Otokar Corporation is offering the Arma.[17] The results of the competitions will be announced in 2016, however, Azerbaijan has already demonstrated interest in the Arma which may sway the final ruling in Otokar's favor.
Special Purpose Tactical Wheeled Armored Vehicles Procurement Project CBRN armored vehicle 428 Procurement of Special Purpose Tactical Wheeled Armored Vehicles and related mission equipment for tactical reconnaissance, surveillance and CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear) reconnaissance missions of Turkish Land Forces.[107]
Armoured Amphibious Assault Vehicle Project Amphibious Assault Vehicle 27 Main function is Amphibious Operation. To transport troops from ship to shore through rough water and the surf zone and onto land where it can continue on to inland objectives.[108]
Anti-Tank Vehicle Project Tank destroyer 260 Anti-Tank Vehicles will be indigenously developed in order to carry the new generation antitank missile systems currently in service of TLFC and also for those to be acquired by the SSM Project of OMTAS.[109]
105 mm Air Transportable Light Towed Howitzer (BORAN) Project Howitzer x To meet the “105 mm air transportable light towed howitzer” requirement of Turkish Land Forces Command.[110]
Man Portable Fire and Forget Short Range Anti-Tank Weapon Project Anti-tank missile x Delivery of man portable fire and forget short range anti-tank weapon.[111]
Mine Cleaning System Project Demining equipment 50 Fast breaching of the minefield in the combat field to create a safe path for troops.[112]
Multispectral Camouflage System Project Multi-spectral camouflage x Multispectral camouflage net and mobile multispectral camouflage systems will be indigenously developed in order to increase the hiding capabilities of troops in the field and weapons/systems/tactical vehicles.[113]
Flexible Layer Cage Armour System Project Cage armor x Flexible layer cage armour system will be indigenously developed in order to increase the survivability capability of tanks and armoured vehicles against anti-tank rockets.[114]

See also

References

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  78. ^ http://www.timeturk.com/tr/2012/10/05/top-mermisini-havada-izleyen-tpq-37-firefinder-radar.html
  79. ^ http://www.aselsan.com.tr/en-us/capabilities/radar-systems/air-defense-radars/kalkan-air-defence-radar
  80. ^ http://www.aselsan.com.tr/en-us/capabilities/radar-systems/weapon-locating-radars/serhat-counter-mortar-radar
  81. ^ http://www.gazetevatan.com/12-yerli-iha-tsk-envanterinde--803773-gundem/
  82. ^ "Türkiye Heron'larına kavuşuyor haberi - İhlas Haber Ajansı". iha.com.tr. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  83. ^ a b c d "World Air Forces 2016". Flight Global. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  84. ^ http://m.milliyet.com.tr/chinook-larin-ilki-yuzunu-gosterdi-gundem-2184527/
  85. ^ "T129 ATTACK HELICOPTER - Turkish Aerospace Industries, Inc". tai.com.tr. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  86. ^ "Savunma ve Stratejik Analizler: Türkiye “ATAK”ına kavuşuyor". rewreward.blogspot.com. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  87. ^ a b "World Air Forces 2013". Flightglobal. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
  88. ^ "Turkish Army Current Order of Battle". aeroflight.co.uk. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  89. ^ "2014 yazında askere giden millî tüfekle talim yapacak -Bolu Haberleri". zaman.com.tr. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  90. ^ "Yerli Tüfek 2014'te Mehmetçik'in elinde - GÜNCEL Haberleri". haber7.com. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  91. ^ http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/attachment.php?attachmentid=163998&d=1320517966
  92. ^ "Image: frqqg.jpg, (576 × 663 px)". img685.imageshack.us. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  93. ^ The new Turkish MKEK Mehmecik MPT-76 National Rifle - Thefirearmblog.com, 12 May 2014
  94. ^ "Mehmetçik'e yerli makineli tüfek-Ekonomi Haberleri – Zaman Gazetesi". zaman.com.tr. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  95. ^ "Yerli makinalı tüfek için imzalar atıldı haberi www.dunya.com'da". dunya.com. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
  96. ^ "Modern Milli Makineli Tüfek: TSK için en iyisi yapılacak - Gazeteci.TV". gazeteci.tv. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
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  98. ^ "Sikorsky wins Turkish utility helicopter battle". flightglobal.com. Retrieved 5 September 2015.
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  103. ^ Turkey to Buy 12 FD-2000 Long-Range Air Defence Systems from China - Deagel.com, 9 October 2013
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  107. ^ http://www.ssm.gov.tr/home/projects/Sayfalar/proje.aspx?projeID=282
  108. ^ http://www.ssm.gov.tr/home/projects/Sayfalar/proje.aspx?projeID=196
  109. ^ http://www.ssm.gov.tr/home/projects/Sayfalar/proje.aspx?projeID=225
  110. ^ http://www.ssm.gov.tr/home/projects/Sayfalar/proje.aspx?projeID=135
  111. ^ http://www.ssm.gov.tr/home/projects/Sayfalar/proje.aspx?projeID=290
  112. ^ http://www.ssm.gov.tr/home/projects/Sayfalar/proje.aspx?projeID=121
  113. ^ http://www.ssm.gov.tr/home/projects/Sayfalar/proje.aspx?projeID=353
  114. ^ http://www.ssm.gov.tr/home/projects/Sayfalar/proje.aspx?projeID=352
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