Pashayi languages
| Pashayi | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Afghanistan |
| Ethnicity | Pashayi people |
Native speakers | 400,000 (2000–2011)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:aee – Northeasternglh – Northwesternpsi – Southeasternpsh – Southwestern |
| Linguasphere | 59-AAA-a |
Pashayi or Pashai is a group of languages spoken by the Pashai people in parts of Kapisa, Laghman, Nuristan, Kunar, and Nangarhar Provinces in Northeastern Afghanistan. It belongs to the Dardic branch of the Indo-Aryan languages.[2] Most speakers are bilingual in Pashto with a literacy rate of about 25%, with the Pashayi languages having no written form prior to 2003.[3] There are four mutually unintelligible varieties, with only about a 30% lexical similarity:[1]
- Northeastern: Aret, Chalas (Chilas), Kandak, Kurangal, Kurdar dialects
- Northwestern: Alasai, Bolaghain, Gulbahar, Kohnadeh, Laurowan, Najil, Nangarach, Pachagan, Pandau, Parazhghan, Pashagar, Sanjan, Shamakot, Shutul, Uzbin, Wadau dialects
- Southeastern: Damench, Laghmani, Sum, and Upper and Lower Darra-i-Nur dialects
- Southwestern: Ishpi, Isken, Tagau dialects
References
- ^ a b Northeastern at Ethnologue (17th ed., 2013)
Northwestern at Ethnologue (17th ed., 2013)
Southeastern at Ethnologue (17th ed., 2013)
- ^ Masica, Colin P. (1991). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 440.
- ^ Yun, Ju-Hong (2003). "Pashai Language Development Project: Promoting Pashai language, literacy and community development" (PDF).
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