The Godfather
The Godfather | |
---|---|
![]() Theatrical release poster | |
Directed by | Francis Ford Coppola |
Screenplay by |
|
Produced by | Albert S. Ruddy |
Starring | |
Cinematography | Gordon Willis |
Edited by | |
Music by | Nino Rota |
Production company | Alfran Productions |
Distributed by | Paramount Pictures |
Release dates |
|
Running time | 177 minutes[1] |
Country | United States |
Language | English |
Budget | $6–7 million[2][3] |
Box office | $245.1–286 million[2][4][5] |
The Godfather is a 1972 American crime drama film directed by Francis Ford Coppola and produced by Albert S. Ruddy from a screenplay by Mario Puzo and Coppola. Starring Marlon Brando and Al Pacino as the leaders of the fictional Corleone New York crime family, the story spans the years 1945–55, concentrating on the transformation of Michael Corleone from reluctant family outsider to ruthless Mafia boss while chronicling the family under the patriarch Vito.
Based on Puzo's best-selling novel of the same name, The Godfather is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in world cinema[6]—and as one of the most influential, especially in the gangster genre.[7] The film ranks #1 on Empire magazine's 2008 list of the 500 greatest movies of all time.[8] Ranked second to Citizen Kane by the American Film Institute in 2007,[9] it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry of the Library of Congress in 1990 as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
The film was the box office leader for 1972 and for a time, was the highest-grossing picture ever made. It won three Academy Awards for that year: Best Picture, Best Actor (Brando) and in the category Best Adapted Screenplay for Puzo and Coppola. Its nominations in seven other categories included Pacino, James Caan and Robert Duvall for Best Supporting Actor and Coppola for Best Director. The success spawned two sequels: The Godfather Part II in 1974, and The Godfather Part III in 1990.
Plot
In 1945, on the occasion of his daughter Connie's wedding, Vito Corleone hears requests in his role as the Godfather, the Don of a New York crime family. Vito's youngest son, Michael, who had been a Marine during World War II, introduces his girlfriend, Kay Adams, to his family at the reception. Johnny Fontane, a famous singer and godson to Vito, seeks his help in securing a movie role; Vito dispatches his consigliere, Tom Hagen, to Los Angeles to talk the obnoxious studio head, Jack Woltz, into giving Johnny the part. Woltz is unmoved until he wakes up in bed with the severed head of his prized stallion.
Shortly before Christmas, drug baron Virgil "The Turk" Sollozzo, backed by the Tattaglia crime family, asks Don Corleone for both investment in his narcotics business and protection through his political connections. Wary of involvement in a dangerous new trade that risks alienating political insiders, Vito declines. Suspicious, he sends his enforcer, Luca Brasi, to spy on them. Sollozzo has Vito gunned down in the street, then kidnaps Hagen. With Corleone first-born Sonny in command, Hagen is pressured to persuade him to accept Sollozzo's deal, then released. The family receives two fish wrapped in Brasi's bullet-proof vest, indicating that Luca "sleeps with the fishes." Vito survives, and at the hospital Michael thwarts another attempt on his father; Michael's jaw is broken by NYPD Captain Marc McCluskey, Sollozzo's bodyguard. Sonny retaliates with a hit on Tattaglia's son. Michael plots to murder Sollozzo and McCluskey: on the pretext of settling the dispute, Michael agrees to meet them in a Bronx restaurant. There, retrieving a planted handgun, he kills both men.
Despite a clampdown by the authorities, the Five Families erupt in open warfare and Vito's sons fear for their safety. Michael takes refuge in Sicily, and his brother, Fredo, is sheltered by the Corleone's Las Vegas casino partner, Moe Greene. Sonny attacks his brother-in-law Carlo on the street for abusing his sister and threatens to kill him if it happens again. When it does, Sonny speeds for their home but is ambushed at a highway toll booth and riddled with sub-machine gun fire. While in Sicily, Michael meets and marries Apollonia Vitelli, but their euphoria is shattered when a car bomb intended for him takes her life.
Devastated by Sonny's death, Vito moves to end the feuds. Realizing that the Tattaglias are controlled by the now-dominant Don Emilio Barzini, Vito assures the Five Families that he will withdraw his opposition to their heroin business and forgo avenging his son's murder. His safety guaranteed, Michael returns home and enters the family business. He and Kay reunite and marry the next year.
With his father at the end of his career and his brother too weak, Michael takes the reins of the family, promising his wife the business will be legitimate within five years. To that end, he insists Hagen relocate to Las Vegas and relinquish his role to Vito because Tom is not a "wartime consigliere"; the older man agrees Tom should "have no part in what will happen" in the coming battles with rival families. When Michael travels to Las Vegas to buy out Greene's stake in the family's casinos, their partner derides the Corleones for being run out of New York; Michael is dismayed to see that Fredo has fallen under Greene's sway.
Vito suffers a fatal heart attack. At his funeral, Tessio, a Corleone capo, asks Michael to meet with Don Barzini, signalling the betrayal that Vito had forewarned. The meeting is set for the same day as the christening of Connie’s baby. While Michael stands at the altar as the child's godfather, Corleone assassins murder the other New York dons and Moe Greene. Tessio is executed for his treachery; Michael extracts Carlo’s confession to his complicity in setting up Sonny's murder for Barzini. After Clemenza garrotes Carlo with a wire, Connie accuses Michael of the murder, telling Kay that Michael ordered all the killings. Kay is relieved when Michael finally denies it, but when the capos arrive they address her husband as Don Corleone.
Cast
![A screenshot of Michael and Vito Corleone during The Godfather](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b7/TheGodfatherAlPacinoMarlonBrando.jpg/220px-TheGodfatherAlPacinoMarlonBrando.jpg)
Marlon Brando as Vito Corleone
- Marlon Brando, in the title role, is Vito Corleone (born Vito Andolini), the Don of the Corleone crime family. A native Sicilian, he is married to Carmela Corleone and the father of Sonny, Fredo, Michael, and Connie.
- Al Pacino as Michael Corleone, the Don's third son, recently returned from World War II. The only college-educated family member, he is initially steered from the family business. His progression from the family's last-born son to its ruthless boss is the main subject matter of the film.
- James Caan as Santino "Sonny" Corleone, Don Corleone's hot-headed eldest son. As underboss, he is the heir apparent to succeed his father as head of the Corleone family.
- Richard S. Castellano as Peter Clemenza, a caporegime for the Corleone family. He is an old friend of Vito Corleone and Salvatore Tessio.
- Robert Duvall as Tom Hagen, Don Corleone's informally adopted son, he is the family lawyer and consigliere (counselor). Unlike the Corleones, he is of German-Irish descent, not Sicilian.
- Diane Keaton as Kay Adams-Corleone, initially Michael's non-Italian girlfriend and then his second wife and the mother of his two children.
- John Cazale as Alfredo "Fredo" Corleone, the middle son of the Corleone family. Deeply insecure and not very bright, he is considered the weakest Corleone brother.
- Talia Shire as Constanzia "Connie" Corleone, the youngest child and only daughter of the Corleone family. Her wedding reception begins the film.
- Gianni Russo as Carlo Rizzi, Connie's husband. Introduced to the Corleone family by Sonny, whom he ultimately betrays to the Barzini family.
- Abe Vigoda as Salvatore Tessio, a caporegime for the Corleone family. He is an old friend of Vito Corleone and Peter Clemenza.
- Al Lettieri as Virgil "The Turk" Sollozzo, a heroin dealer associated with the Tattaglia family. He seeks both financial investment and the protection of the Tattaglia family's narcotics business through Don Corleone's political connections.
- Sterling Hayden as Captain Mark McCluskey, a corrupt NYPD police captain on Sollozzo's payroll.
- Lenny Montana as Luca Brasi, Vito Corleone's enforcer.
- Richard Conte as Emilio Barzini, Don of the Barzini family.
- Al Martino as Johnny Fontane, a world-famous singer and Vito's godson. The character is loosely based on Frank Sinatra.
- John Marley as Jack Woltz, a powerful Hollywood producer.
- Alex Rocco as Moe Greene, a longtime associate of the Corleone family who owns a Las Vegas hotel. The character is based on Bugsy Siegel.
- Morgana King as Carmela Corleone, Vito's wife and mother of Sonny, Fredo, Michael, and Connie, and adoptive mother to Tom Hagen.
- Salvatore Corsitto as Amerigo Bonasera, a mortician who, in the opening scene, asks Don Corleone for revenge against two boys who severely beat and attempted to rape his daughter.
- Corrado Gaipa as Don Tommasino, an old friend of Vito Corleone, who shelters Michael during his exile in Sicily.
- Franco Citti as Calò, Michael's bodyguard in Sicily.
- Angelo Infanti as Fabrizio, Michael's bodyguard in Sicily. He helped set up the assassination attempt on Michael that kills Apollonia.
- Johnny Martino as Paulie Gatto, a soldier under Peter Clemenza and Vito's driver. He is executed for his part in the assassination attempt on Vito.
- Victor Rendina as Philip Tattaglia, Don of the Tattaglia family.
- Tony Giorgio as Bruno Tattaglia, Philip Tattaglia's son and underboss of the Tattaglia family. Sonny Corleone has him assassinated in retaliation for the shooting of Vito Corleone.
- Simonetta Stefanelli as Apollonia Vitelli-Corleone, a young woman Michael meets and marries while in Sicily. She is killed a few months later in an assassination attempt on Michael.
- Rudy Bond as Don Cuneo, head of the New York-based Cuneo family.
- Louis Guss as Don Zaluchi, Don of the Zaluchi family of Detroit.
- Tom Rosqui as Rocco Lampone, a soldier under Clemenza who eventually becomes a caporegime in the Corleone family.
- Joe Spinell as Willi Cicci, a soldier in the Corleone family.
- Richard Bright as Al Neri, Michael Corleone's personal bodyguard and hitman who eventually becomes a caporegime.
- Julie Gregg as Sandra Corleone, Sonny's wife and later widow, and the mother of their four children.
- Jeannie Linero as Lucy Mancini, Sonny's mistress.
- Sofia Coppola (uncredited) as infant Michael Francis Rizzi, the nephew and godson of Michael Corleone.
Production
Development
The film is based on Mario Puzo's novel The Godfather, a well received novel that remained on the New York Times Best Seller list for 67 weeks and sold over nine million copies in two years.[10][11][12] The novel became the best selling published work in history for several years.[13] Paramount Pictures originally found out about Puzo's novel in 1967 when a literary scout for the company contacted then Paramount Vice President of Production Peter Bart about Puzo's sixty-page unfinished manuscript.[11] Bart believed the work was "much beyond a Mafia story" and offered Puzo a $12,500 option for the work, with an option for $80,000 if the finished work were made into a film.[11][14] Despite Puzo's agent telling him to turn down the offer, Puzo was desperate for money and accepted the deal.[11][14] In March 1967, Paramount announced that they backed Puzo's upcoming work and planned to make a feature-length film out of it.[11] In 1969, Paramount confirmed their intentions to make a film out of the novel for the price of $80,000,[N 1][14][15][16][17] with aims to have the film released on Christmas Day in 1971.[18]
Direction
![A photo of Francis Ford Coppola](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Francis_Ford_Coppola_2011_CC.jpg/220px-Francis_Ford_Coppola_2011_CC.jpg)
Paramount production head Robert Evans wanted the movie to be directed by an Italian American to make the movie "ethnic to the core."[19][20] Sergio Leone was Paramount Pictures' first choice to direct the film.[21][22] Leone turned down the option to work on his own gangster film Once Upon a Time in America.[21][22] Peter Bogdanovich was then approached but he also declined the offer because he was not interested in the mafia.[23][24][25] In addition, Peter Yates, Richard Brooks, Arthur Penn, Costa-Gavras, and Otto Preminger were all offered the position and declined.[26][27] Peter Bart wanted Francis Ford Coppola to get the job as director because he believed Coppola would work for a low sum and budget.[19] Coppola initially turned down the job because he did not finish Puzo's novel.[19][27] At the time Coppola's studio, American Zoetrope, owed over $400,000 to Warner Bros. for budget overruns with the film THX 1138 and when coupled with his poor financial standing, along with advice from friends and family, Coppola reversed his initial decision and took the job.[19][27][28][29] Coppola was officially announced as director of the film on September 28, 1970.[30] Paramount had offered twelve other directors the job with The Godfather before Coppola agreed.[31] Coppola agreed to receive $125,000 and six percent of the gross rentals.[32] On March 23, 1970 Albert S. Ruddy was officially announced as the movie's producer, in part because studio executives were impressed with his interview and because he was known for bringing his films in under budget.[19][33][34][35]
Coppola and Paramount
Before The Godfather was in production, Paramount had been going through an unsuccessful period.[12] Their latest mafia based movie, The Brotherhood, had been a box office bomb.[12][36] In addition, the studio had usurped their budget for their recent films: Darling Lili,[34] Paint Your Wagon, and Waterloo.[12][36] The budget for the film was originally $2.5 million but as the book grew in popularity and Coppola argued for a larger budget, the budget was raised to $6 million.[N 2][19][26][37][38] Paramount executives wanted the movie to be set in then modern-day Kansas City and shot in the studio backlot in order to cut down on costs.[26][34][37] Coppola objected and wanted to set the movie in the same time period as its eponymous novel, the 1940s and 1950s;[26][29][34][30] Coppola's reasons included: Michael Corleone's Marine Corps stint, the emergence of corporate America, and America in the years after World War II.[30] The executives eventually agreed to Coppola's wish as the novel became increasingly successful.[37][34] The studio heads subsequently let Coppola film on location in New York and Sicily.[41]
Gulf & Western executive Charles Bluhdorn was frustrated with Coppola over the number of screen tests he had performed without finding a person to play the various roles.[39] Production quickly fell behind because of Coppola's indecisiveness and conflicts with Paramount, which led to costs being around $40,000 per day.[39] With the rising costs, Paramount had then Vice President Jack Ballard keep a close eye on production costs.[42] While filming, Coppola stated that he felt he could be fired at any point as he knew Paramount executives were not happy with many of the decisions he had made.[26] Around the time when shooting the Sollozzo dinner scene was taking place, it was known that some had been talking down the footage to Paramount executives.[42] Paramount even forbade Coppola to film the scene again, which Coppola took as a sign he was going to be fired.[42] Coppola fired the men and re-shot the dinner scene, which made it harder for Paramount to fire him and keep costs low.[42] It was revealed later on that Brando told executives that he would quit the project if Coppola were fired.[26][42]
Paramount wanted The Godfather to appeal to a wide audience and threatened Coppola with a "violence coach" to make the film more exciting. Coppola added a few more violent scenes to keep the studio happy. The scene in which Connie smashes crockery after finding out Carlo has been cheating was added for this reason.[29]
Writing
On April 14, 1970, it was revealed that Puzo was hired by Paramount for $100,000, along with a percentage of the film's profits, to work on the screenplay for the film.[43][44][35] His initial draft was finished on August 10, 1970, and was 150 pages in length.[43][44] After Coppola was hired as director, both Puzo and Coppola worked on the screenplay, but separately.[45] Puzo worked on his draft in Los Angeles, while Coppola wrote his version in San Francisco.[45] Coppola created a book where he tore pages out of Puzo's book and pasted them into the book.[45] There, he made notes about each of the book's fifty scenes, which related to major themes prevalent in the scene, whether the scene should be included in the film, along with ideas and concepts that could be used when filming to make the film true to Italian culture.[45][42] The two remained in contact while they wrote their respective screenplays and made decisions on what to include and what to remove for the final version.[45] A second draft was completed on March 1, 1971 and was 173 pages long.[43] The final screenplay was finished on March 29, 1971,[43][44] wound up being 163 pages long,[45][43] 40 pages over what Paramount had asked for.[46] When filming, Coppola referred to the notebook he had created over the final draft of the screenplay.[45][42] Screenwriter Robert Towne did uncredited work on the script, particularly on the Pacino-Brando garden scene.[47]
The Italian-American Civil Rights League wanted all uses of the words "mafia" and "Cosa Nostra" to be removed from the script, in addition to feeling that the film emphasized stereotypes about Italian-Americans.[18][48][49][50] The league also requested that all the money earned from the premier be donated to the league's fund to build a new hospital.[49][50] Coppola claimed that Puzo's screenplay only contained two instances of the word "mafia" being used, while "Cosa Nostra" was not used at all.[49][50] Those two uses were removed and replaced with other terms, which Coppola felt did not change the story at all.[49][50] The league eventually gave its support for the script.[49][50]
Casting
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Al_Pacino_-_Hummel.jpg/220px-Al_Pacino_-_Hummel.jpg)
This 1971 screenshot from another film
Puzo was first to show interest in having Marlon Brando portray Don Vito Corleone by sending a letter to Brando in which he stated Brando was the "only actor who can play the Godfather."[51] Despite Puzo's wishes, the executives at Paramount were against having Brando play the part due to the poor success of his recent films and short temper.[52][37] Coppola favored Brando and Laurence Olivier for the role.[53][54] Olivier's agent refused the role saying that Olivier was sick;[55] however, Olivier went on to star in Sleuth later that year.[54] The studio mainly pushed for Ernest Borgnine to receive the part.[53] Other actors that were considered for the part were: George C. Scott, Richard Conte, Anthony Quinn, Carlo Ponti.[53][56][57] Frank Sinatra showed some interest in the part of Vito Corleone[53] despite being frustrated that a character, Johnny Fontaine, was rumored to be based on him.[58][59]
After months of debate between Coppola and Paramount over Brando, the two finalists for the role were Borgnine and Brando,[60] the latter of which Paramount president Stanley Jaffe required to perform a screen test.[61][62] Coppola did not want to offend Brando and stated that he needed to test equipment in order to set up the screen test.[63] Coppola traveled to Brando's California residence to perform the screen test in make-up, which Brando allowed Coppola to film.[62][64] For make-up, Brando stuck cotton balls in his cheeks,[60] put shoe polish in his hair to darken it, and rolled his collar.[65] Coppola placed Brando's audition tape in the middle of the videos of the audition tapes as the Paramount executives watched them.[66] After Brando's tape ended, the executives were impressed with Brando's efforts and allowed Coppola to cast Brando for the role.[60][66][67] To be cast, Brando was required to accept a lower salary and put up a bond insuring that he would not cause any delays in production.[68]
The Paramount executives wanted a popular actor to portray Michael Corleone and heavily considered Warren Beatty and Robert Redford.[18][68][60][69] Producer Robert Evans wanted Ryan O'Neal to receive the role in part due to his recent success with the Paramount film, Love Story.[69][70] Al Pacino was Coppola's favorite for the role as he could picture Pacino roaming the Sicilian countryside and wanted an unknown actor who looked like an Italian-American.[29][69][70] However, Paramount executives found Pacino to be too short to play Michael.[18][19] Dustin Hoffman, Martin Sheen, and James Caan also auditioned.[68] Caan was well received by the Paramount executives and was given the part of Michael initially, while the role of Sonny Corleone was awarded to Carmine Caridi.[19] Coppola still pushed for Pacino to play Michael after the fact and Evans eventually conceded, allowing Pacino to have the role of Michael as long as Caan played Sonny.[19] Evans preferred Caan over Caridi because Caan was seven inches shorter than Caridi, which was much closer to Pacino's height.[19] Despite agreeing to play Michael Corleone, Pacino was contracted to star in MGM's The Gang That Couldn't Shoot Straight, but the two studios agreed on a settlement and Pacino was signed by Paramount three weeks before shooting began.[71]
![A picture of James Caan.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/James_Caan_%281976%29.jpg/220px-James_Caan_%281976%29.jpg)
From the start of production, Coppola wanted Robert Duvall to play the part of Tom Hagen.[18][19][72] After screen testing several other actors, Coppola eventually got his wish and Duvall was awarded the part of Tom Hagen.[19][54][72] Al Martino, a then famed singer in nightclubs, was notified of the character Johnny Fontane by a friend who read the eponymous novel and felt Martino represented the character of Johnny Fontane.[19] Martino then contacted producer Al Ruddy, who gave him the part.[19] However, Martino was stripped of the part after Coppola became director and then awarded the role to Italian singer Vic Damone.[19] Damone eventually dropped the role because he did not want to play an anti-Italian American character, in addition to being paid too little.[73] According to Martino, after being stripped of the role, he went to his godfather and crime boss Russ Bufalino who then orchestrated the publication of various news articles that talked of how Coppola was unaware of Ruddy giving Martino the part; that, when coupled with pressure from the mafia who felt Martino deserved the role, led Damone to quit as Fontane.[19] Either way, the part of Johnny Fontane ended up with Martino.[19][73]
Robert De Niro originally was given the part of Paulie Gatto.[74][60] A spot in The Gang That Couldn't Shoot Straight opened up after Pacino quit the project in favor of The Godfather, which led De Niro to audition for the role and leave The Godfather after receiving the part.[74][75] After De Niro quit, Johnny Martino was given the role of Gatto.[19] Coppola cast Diane Keaton for the role of Kay Adams due to her reputation for being eccentric.[68] John Cazale was given the part of Fredo Corleone after Coppola saw him perform in an Off Broadway production.[68] For the role of Salvatore Tessio, Coppola chose Abe Vigoda.[19] Vanity Fair author Mark Seal wrote that Richard Castellano was given the role of Peter Clemenza because he "was a natural for the Don’s fat, affable lieutenant."[19] Gianni Russo was given the role of Carlo Rizzi after he was asked to perform a screen test in which he acted out the fight between Rizzi and Connie.[76]
Coppola gave several roles in the film to family members.[19] He gave his sister, Talia Shire, the role of Connie Corleone.[19][20][77] His daughter Sofia played Michael Francis Rizzi, Connie's and Carlo's newborn son.[19][78] Carmine Coppola, his father, appeared in the film as an extra playing a piano during a scene.[19] Coppola's wife, mother, and two sons all appeared as extras in the picture.[19]
Orson Welles lobbied for the role of Vito Corleone, even offering to lose weight for the role, but Coppola felt that he would not be convincing as the aging Mafia boss. Welles later lamented that he would have given his soul to be in the film.[79]
Filming
In March 1971, Coppola brought the cast to eat at Patsy's, an Italian restaurant in Manhattan. Filming was set to begin on March 29, 1971 with the scene between Michael Corleone and Kay Adams as they leave Best & Co. in New York City after shopping for Christmas gifts.[19][80][81] However, as the weather forecast in New York City on March 24 predicted snow flurries, producer Al Ruddy moved filming to that day.[81] Despite the forecast, no snow fell and so a snow machine was used.[81] Principal filming in New York continued until July 2, 1971.[82] Coppola asked for a three-week break before heading overseas to film in Sicily.[82]
Cinematographer Gordon Willis initially turned down the opportunity to film The Godfather because the production seemed "chaotic" to him.[83] After Willis later accepted the offer, he and Coppola agreed to not use any modern filming devices, helicopters, or zoom lenses. Willis chose to use top-light in the majority of the scenes due to Marlon Brando's eye make-up. He made use of shadows throughout the film and applied sepia tones to several scenes.[84] Willis and Coppola agreed to interplay light and dark scenes throughout the film.[39]
One of the film's most shocking moments involved the real severed horse head. Animal rights groups protested the inclusion of the scene. Coppola later stated that the head was delivered from a dog food company; a horse had not been killed specifically for the film.[29][68]
On June 22, the scene where Sonny is killed was shot on a runway at Mitchel Field in Mineola.[85] On the runway, three tollbooths were built, along with guard rails, and billboard to set the scene.[85] Sonny's car was a 1941 Lincoln Continental with holes drilled in it to resemble bullet holes.[86] The scene took three days to film and cost over $100,000.[87] It was accomplished in just one take with at least four cameras. Caan's suit, rigged with 127 squibs of fake blood, and 200 squib-filled holes in the small toll booth building and the 1941 Lincoln auto, simulated the submachine gun ambush.[citation needed]
Locations
![The New York Supreme Court building on Foley Square in Manhattan, New York City.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/NYC_-_New_York_County_Supreme_Courthouse.jpg/220px-NYC_-_New_York_County_Supreme_Courthouse.jpg)
Around 90 percent of the film was shot in New York City or its surrounding suburbs,[88] using over 120 unique locations.[89] Several scenes were filmed at the Filmways Studio in East Harlem.[90] The remaining portions were filmed in California or on-site in Sicily.[89] Savoca and Forza d'Agrò were the Sicilian towns featured in the film.[91]
The opening wedding scene was shot in a Staten Island neighborhood using almost 750 locals as extras.[88][92] The house used as the Corleone household and the wedding location was on Longfellow Road in the Todt Hill neighborhood of Staten Island.[92][93] The wall around the Coreleone compound was made from styrofoam.[92] Scenes set in and around the Corleone olive oil business were filmed on Mott Street.[89][94]
Locations[95] around New York City were used for the film, including the then-closed flagship store of Best & Company on Fifth Avenue, which was dressed up and used for the scene in which Pacino and Keaton are Christmas shopping. At least one Los Angeles location as also used (for the exterior of Woltz's mansion), for which neither Robert Duvall nor John Marley was available; in some shots, it is possible to see that extras are standing in for the two actors. A scene with Pacino and Keaton was filmed in the town of Ross, California. Interiors were shot at Filmways Studio in New York.[citation needed]
A side entrance to Bellevue Hospital was used for Michael's confrontation with police Captain McCluskey.[96] The hospital interiors, shown when Michael visits his father there, were filmed at the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary on 14th Street, in Manhattan, New York City.[citation needed] The scene in which Don Barzini is assassinated was filmed on the steps of the New York Supreme Court building on Foley Square in Manhattan, New York City.[97]
The numerous Tudor homes on the block gave the impression that they were part of the same "compound".[98] Paramount built a Plexiglas "stone wall" across the street, the same wall where Santino smashed the camera. Many of the wedding scene extras were local Italian-Americans asked by Coppola to drink homemade wine, enjoy traditional Italian food, and participate in the scene as though it were an actual wedding. Coppola revealed in the extras DVD released in 2008 that some daytime scenes were shot at night, with almost blinding backlighting used to simulate the afternoon environment, as the location was on an actual street and there was not enough time to shoot extra days in daylight.[citation needed]
Two churches were used to film the baptism scene. The interior shots were filmed at Old St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York. For the baptism, Bach's Passacaglia and Fugue in C minor, BWV 582 was used, as were other Bach works for the pipe organ. The exterior scenes following the baptism were filmed at the Church of St. Joachim and St. Anne in the Pleasant Plains section of Staten Island. In 1973, much of the church was destroyed in a fire. Only the façade and steeple of the original church remained, and were later incorporated into a new structure.[citation needed]
The funeral scene was filmed at Calvary Cemetery in Woodside, Queens.[99] The toll booth scene was filmed at the site of Nassau Coliseum in Uniondale, New York on Long Island, which was under construction at the time. It also used the former Mitchel Field, and the roadway used was once a runway.[citation needed]
Music
Coppola hired Italian composer Nino Rota to create the underscore for the film, including the main theme, "Speak Softly Love".[100][101] For the score, Rota was to relate to the situations and characters in the film.[100][101] Paramount executive Evans found the score to be too "highbrow" and did not want to use it; however, it was used after Coppola managed to get Evans to agree.[100][101] Coppola believed that Rota's musical piece gave the film even more of an Italian feel.[101] Coppola's father, Carmine, created some additional music for the film,[102] particularly the music played by the band during the opening wedding scene.[101]
There was a soundtrack released for the film in 1972 in vinyl form by Paramount Records, on CD in 1991 by Geffen Records, and digitally by Geffen on August 18, 2005.[103] The album contains over 31 minutes of music coming from the movie, with most being composed by Rota, along with a song from Coppola and one by Johnny Farrow and Marty Symes.[104][105][106] Allmusic gave the album five out of five stars, with editor Zach Curd saying it is a "dark, looming, and elegant soundtrack."[104] An editor for Filmtracks believed that Rota did a great job of relating the music to the core aspects of the film, which the editor believed to be "tradition, love, and fear."[106]
Release
Paramount Pictures held the world premiere for The Godfather in New York City on March 14, 1972, almost three months after the planned release date of Christmas Day in 1971,[18][107] with profits from the premiere donated to The Boys Club of New York.[81] Before the film premiered, the film had already made $15 million from rentals from over 400 theaters.[37] The following day, the film opened in New York at five theaters.[108][19][81][107] The film next opened in Los Angeles at two theaters on March 22.[81] The Godfather was commercially released on March 24, 1972 throughout the rest of the United States.[108][107]
Box office
The Godfather was a blockbuster, breaking many box office records to become the highest grossing film of 1972. It earned $81.5 million in theatrical rentals in North America during its initial release,[109] increasing its earnings to $85.7 million through a reissue in 1973,[110] and including a limited re-release in 1997 it ultimately earned an equivalent exhibition gross of $135 million.[108] It displaced Gone with the Wind to claim the record as the top rentals earner, a position it would retain until the release of Jaws in 1975.[81][111] News articles at the time proclaimed it was the first film to gross $100 million in North America,[81] but such accounts are erroneous since this record in fact belongs to The Sound of Music, released in 1965.[112] The film repeated its native success overseas, earning in total an unprecedented $142 million in worldwide theatrical rentals, to become the highest net earner.[113] Profits were so high for The Godfather that earnings for Gulf & Western Industries, Inc., which owned Paramount, jumped from 77 cents per share to $3.30 a share for the year, according to a Los Angeles Times article, dated December 13, 1972.[81] To date, it has grossed between $245 million and $286 million in worldwide box office receipts,[114] and adjusted for ticket price inflation in North America, ranks among the top 25 highest-grossing films.[115]
Critical response
Since its release, The Godfather has received critical acclaim and is seen as one of the most influential films of all time, particularly in the gangster genre.[116][117] On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 99% rating based on 84 reviews. It has an average score of 9.2.[118] Metacritic, another review aggregator, assigned the film a perfect weighted average score of 100 out of 100, based on 14 reviews from mainstream critics, considered to be "universal acclaim".[117] The film is ranked at the top of Metacritic's top 100 list,[119] and is ranked 6th on Rotten Tomatoes' all-time best list (100% "Certified Fresh").[120]
Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun Times praised Coppola's efforts to follow the storyline of the eponymous novel, the choice to set the film in the same time as the novel, and the film's ability to "absorb" the viewer over its three-hour run time.[121] While Ebert was mainly positive, he criticized Brando's performance, saying his movements lacked "precision" and his voice was "wheezy."[121] The Chicago Tribune's Gene Siskel gave the film four out of four stars, commenting that it was "very good."[122] Village Voice's Andrew Sarris believed Brando portrayed Vito Corleone well and that his character dominated each scene it appeared in, but felt Puzo and Coppola had the character of Michael Corleone too focused on revenge.[123] In addition, Sarris stated that Richard Castellano, Robert Duvall, and James Caan were good in their respective roles.[123] Desson Howe of the Washington Post believed that the film is a "jewel" and that Coppola deserves most of the credit for the film.[124] The New York Times Vincent Canby felt that Coppola had created one of the "most brutal and moving chronicles of American life" and went on to say that it "transcends its immediate milieu and genre."[125] Director Stanley Kubrick thought the film had the best cast ever and could be the best movie ever made.[126]
The soundtrack's main theme by Nino Rota was also critically acclaimed; the main theme ("Speak Softly Love") is well-known and widely used.
Previous Mafia films had looked at the gangs from the perspective of an outraged outsider.[127] In contrast, The Godfather presents the gangster's perspective of the Mafia as a response to corrupt society.[127] Although the Corleone family is presented as immensely rich and powerful, no scenes depict prostitution, gambling, loan sharking or other forms of racketeering.[128] Some critics argue that the setting of a criminal counterculture allows for unapologetic gender stereotyping, and is an important part of the film's appeal ("You can act like a man!", Don Vito tells a weepy Johnny Fontane).[129]
Real-life gangsters responded enthusiastically to the film, with many of them feeling it was a portrayal of how they were supposed to act.[130] Salvatore "Sammy the Bull" Gravano, the former underboss in the Gambino crime family,[131] stated: "I left the movie stunned ... I mean I floated out of the theater. Maybe it was fiction, but for me, then, that was our life. It was incredible. I remember talking to a multitude of guys, made guys, who felt exactly the same way. " According to Anthony Fiato after seeing the film, Patriarca crime family members Paulie Intiso and Nicky Giso altered their speech patterns closer to that of Vito Corleone's.[132] Intiso would frequently swear and use poor grammar; but after the movie came out, he started to articulate and philosophize more.[132]
Remarking on the fortieth anniversary of the film's release, film critic John Podhoretz praised The Godfather as "arguably the great American work of popular art" and "the summa of all great moviemaking before it".[133] Two years before, Roger Ebert wrote in his journal that it "comes closest to being a film everyone agrees... is unquestionably great."[134]
Accolades
The Godfather was nominated for seven awards at the 30th Golden Globe Awards: Best Picture – Drama, James Caan for Best Supporting Actor, Al Pacino and Marlon Brando for Best Actor – Drama, Best Score, Best Director, and Best Screenplay.[135] When the winners were announced on January 28, 1973, the film had won the categories for: Best Screenplay, Best Director, Best Actor - Drama, Best Original Score, and Best Picture – Drama.[136][137] The Godfather won a record five Golden Globes, which still stands today.[138]
Rota's score was also nominated for Grammy Award for Best Original Score for a Motion Picture or TV Special at the 15th Grammy Awards.[139][140] Rota was announced the winner of the category on March 3 at the Grammys' ceremony in Nashville, Tennessee.[139][140]
When the nominations for the 45th Academy Awards were revealed on February 12, 1973, The Godfather was nominated for eleven awards.[141][142] The nominations were for: Best Picture, Best Costume Design, Marlon Brando for Best Actor, Mario Puzo and Francis Ford Coppola for Best Adapted Screenplay, Pacino, Caan, and Robert Duvall for Best Supporting Actor, Best Film Editing, Nino Rota for Best Original Score, Coppola for Best Director, and Best Sound.[141][142][143] Upon further review of Rota's love theme from The Godfather, the Academy found that Rota had used a similar score in Eduardo De Filippo's 1958 comedy Fortunella.[144][145][146] This led to re-balloting, where members of the music branch chose from six films: The Godfather and the five films that had been on the shortlist for best original dramatic score but did not get nominated. John Addison's score for Sleuth won this new vote, and thus replaced Rota's score on the official list of nominees.[147] Going into the awards ceremony, The Godfather was seen as the favorite to take home the most awards.[136] From the nominations that The Godfather had remaining, it only won three of the Academy Awards: Best Actor, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Picture.[143][148]
Brando, who had also not attended the Golden Globes ceremony two months earlier,[146][149] boycotted the Academy Awards ceremony and refused to accept the Oscar, becoming the second actor to refuse a Best Actor award after George C. Scott in 1970.[150][151] Brando sent American Indian Rights activist Sacheen Littlefeather in his place, to announce at the awards podium Brando's reasons for declining the award which were based on his objection to the depiction of American Indians by Hollywood and television.[150][151][152][153][154] In addition, Pacino boycotted the ceremony. He was insulted at being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor award, noting that he had more screen time than his co-star and Best Actor winner Brando and thus he should have received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor.[155]
The Godfather had five nominations for awards at the 26th British Academy Film Awards.[156] The nominees were: Pacino for Most Promising Newcomer, Rota for the Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music, Duvall for Best Supporting Actor, and Brando for Best Actor, the flim's costume designer Anna Hill Johnstone for Best Costume Design.[156] All of The Godfather's nominations failed to win except for Rota.[156]
In 1990, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[157] In 1998, Time Out' conducted a poll and The Godfather was voted the best film of all time.[158] In 2002, Sight & Sound polled film directors voted the film and its sequel as the second best film ever;[159] the critics poll separately voted it fourth.[160] Also in 2002, The Godfather was ranked the second best film of all time by Film4, after Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back.[161] In 2005, it was named one of the 100 greatest films of the last 80 years by Time magazine (the selected films were not ranked).[162][163] In 2006, the Writers Guild of America, west agreed, voting it the number two in its list of the 101 greatest screenplays, after Casablanca.[164] In 2008, the film was voted in at No. 1 on Empire magazine's list of The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time.[165] Entertainment Weekly named it the greatest film ever made.[166][167][168] The film has been selected by the American Film Institute for many of their lists.
American Film Institute recognition
- 1998: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – #3[169]
- 2001: AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills – #11[170]
- 2003: AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains:
- Vito Corleone – Nominated Villain[171]
- 2005: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes:
- 2006: AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores – #5[174]
- 2007: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) – #2[175]
- 2008: AFI's 10 Top 10 – #1 Gangster Film[176]
Cinematic influence
Although many films about gangsters preceded The Godfather, Coppola's heavy infusion of Italian culture and stereotypes, and his portrayal of mobsters as characters of considerable psychological depth and complexity was unprecedented.[177] Coppola took it further with The Godfather Part II, and the success of those two films, critically, artistically and financially, opened the doors for numerous other depictions of Italian Americans as mobsters, including films such as Martin Scorsese's Goodfellas and TV series such as David Chase's The Sopranos. A comprehensive study of Italian American culture on film, conducted from 1996 to 2001 by the Italic Institute of America,[178] showed that close to 300 movies featuring Italian Americans as mobsters (mostly fictitious) have been produced since The Godfather, an average of nine per year.[179]
The image of the Mafia as a feudal organization with the Don as both the protector of the small fry and the collector of obligations from them for his services is now a commonplace Italian stereotype which The Godfather helped to create. Similarly, the recasting of the Don's family as a figurative "royal family" has spread beyond fictional boundaries into the real world as well – (cf. John Gotti – the "Dapper Don", and his celebrity family.) This portrayal is echoed in the more sordid reality of lower level Mafia "familial" entanglements depicted in various post-Godfather Mafia fare, such as Scorsese's Mean Streets and Casino.
In the DVD commentary for Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith, George Lucas states that the interwoven scenes of Anakin Skywalker killing Separatist leaders and Palpatine announcing the beginning of the Galactic Empire was an homage to the christening and assassination sequence in The Godfather.
In popular culture and legacy
The Godfather epic, encompassing the original trilogy and the additional footage Coppola incorporated later, is by now thoroughly integrated into American life and, together with a succession of mob-theme imitators, has led to a highly stereotyped concept of Italian American culture. The first film had the largest impact and, unlike any film before it, its depiction of Italians who immigrated to the United States in the early decades of the twentieth century is perhaps attributable to the Italian American director, presenting his own understanding of their experience. The films explain through their action the integration of fictional Italian American criminals into American society. Though the story is set in the period of mass immigration to the U.S., it is rooted in the specific circumstances of the Corleones, a family that lives outside of the law. Although some critics have refashioned the Corleone story into one of universality of immigration, other critics have posited that it leads the viewer to identify organized crime with Italian American culture. Released in a period of intense national cynicism and self-criticism, the American film struck a chord about the dual identities inherent in a nation of immigrants.[180] The Godfather increased Hollywood's negative portrayals of immigrant Italians in the aftermath of the film and was a recruiting tool for organized crime.[181]
The concept of a mafia "Godfather" was an invention of Mario Puzo's and the film's effect was to add the fictional nomenclature to the language. Similarly, Don Vito Corleone's unforgettable "I'm gonna make him an offer he can't refuse"—voted the second most memorable line in cinema history in AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes by the American Film Institute—was adopted by actual gangsters.[182] In the French novel Le Père Goriot, Honoré de Balzac wrote of Vautrin telling Eugene: "In that case I will make you an offer that no one would decline."[183] According to Anthony Fiato, Patriarca crime family members Paulie Intiso and Nicky Giso modeled their speech on Brando's portrayal.[132] Intiso would frequently swear and use poor grammar; but after the movie came out, he started to articulate and philosophize more.[132]
An indication of the continuing influence of The Godfather and its sequels can be gleaned from the many references to it and Italian American culture which have appeared in every medium of popular culture in the decades since the film's initial release. That these homages, quotations, visual references, satires, and parodies continue to pop up even now shows clearly the film's enduring impact.
In film
The 1999 film Analyze This made many references both directly and indirectly to The Godfather, with a dream scene repeating almost shot for shot the attack on Vito Corleone. Brando virtually reprised the role of the Don in the 1990 comedy The Freshman, and the 2004 animation Shark Tale nodded at this and other Mafia-related films.[citation needed] Similarly, Rugrats in Paris, based on a Nickelodeon children's show, began with an extended parody of The Godfather.
In Set it Off, four women - Lita "Stoney" Newsome (Jada Pinkett), Cleopatra "Cleo" Sims (Queen Latifah), Francesca "Frankie" Sutton (Vivica A. Fox), and Tisean "T.T." Williams (Kimberly Elise) - meet around a conference table at the office building they clean to plan a series of bank heists, during which time they do imitations of The Godfather.[184]
In You've Got Mail, Joe Fox (played by Tom Hanks) quotes The Godfather, positing:
- "The Godfather is the I Ching. The Godfather is the sum of all wisdom. The Godfather is the answer to any question. What should I pack for my summer vacation? 'Leave the gun, take the cannoli'. What day of the week is it? 'Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Wednesday'."
In television
The Warner Bros. animated series Animaniacs featured several segments called "Goodfeathers", with pigeons spoofing characters from various gangster films. One of the characters is "The Godpigeon", an obvious parody of Brando's portrayal of Vito Corleone.
John Belushi appeared in a Saturday Night Live sketch as Vito Corleone in a therapy session trying to properly express his inner feelings towards the Tattaglia Family, who, in addition to muscling in on his territory, "also, they shot my son Santino 56 times".[185]
The Simpsons makes numerous references to The Godfather, including a scene in the episode "Strong Arms of the Ma" that parodies the Sonny-Carlo street fight scene, with Marge Simpson beating a mugger in front of an animated version of the same New York street-scape, including using the lid of a trash can during the fight. The "All's Fair in Oven War" final scene shows James Caan being ambushed by hillbillies (Cletus relatives) at a toll booth, a parody of the scene when Sonny (portrayed by Caan) is shot and killed; the tollbooth scene is also parodied in "Mr. Plow", except Bart Simpson is ambushed by a barrage of snowballs by Nelson, and other students lie in wait behind a snow fortress (in place of the tollbooth). A later episode "The Mook, the Chef, the Wife and Her Homer" parodies the film's ending scene, with Lisa Simpson taking Kay Adams' role and Fat Tony's son Michael standing in for Michael Corleone. The horse-head scene is also parodied in the episode "Lisa's Pony".
In the television show The Sopranos, Tony Soprano's topless bar is named Bada Bing, echoing the line in The Godfather when Sonny Corleone says, "You've gotta get up close like this and bada-bing! You blow their brains all over your nice Ivy League suit."[186]
An episode of SCTV satirizes the film as a story about how the four American TV networks of the time (ABC, CBS, NBC, & PBS) are run like the Mob, with SCTV president Guy Caballero being asked to invest in a pay-TV channel by the Ugatzo family as a way to control of TV; when Caballero refuses, a 'network war' starts, with many of the scenes in the episode being similar to that of the film.[citation needed]
The Modern Family episode, "Fulgencio (Modern Family)" makes various references to The Godfather.[citation needed]
An episode of Seinfeld, The Bris, features Jerry Seinfeld being ask to serve as godfather to a new-born baby boy, allowing him to imitate Brando's famous line "see how they've massacred my boy!". Later, the baby's parents decide instead to make Kramer the child's godfather and pay homage to him in a parody of the final scene in the film, calling him "Godfather" and kissing his hand, as the closing music from the film plays—and the door closes to shut out Jerry and Elaine.[citation needed]
In an episode of Family Guy, Peter Griffin gets mixed up with the Mob, inadvertently requests "a hit" on his long-suffering wife, Lois, but then has a chance to cancel the assassination when he and Lois are invited to the wedding of the Don's daughter and are allowed to ask for a favor—a parody of the opening scene of The Godfather.[citation needed]
The Godfather: The Coppola Restoration
During the film's original theatrical release, the original negatives were worn down due to the reel being printed so much to meet demand.[187][188] In addition, the duplicate negative was lost in Paramount archives.[188] In 2006 Coppola contacted Steven Spielberg—whose studio DreamWorks had recently been bought out by Paramount—about restoring The Godfather.[187][188] Robert A. Harris was hired to oversee the restoration of The Godfather and its two sequels, with the film's cinematographer Willis participated in the restoration.[189][190] Work began in November 2008 by repairing the negatives so they could go through a digital scanner to produce high resolution 4k files.[187][188] If a negative were damaged and discolored, work was done digitally to restore it to its original look.[187][188] After a year and a half of working on the restoration, the project was complete.[188] Paramount called the finished product The Godfather: The Coppola Restoration and released it to the public on September 23, 2008 on both DVD and Blu-ray Disc.[189][190] Dave Kehr of the New York Times believed the restoration brought back the "golden glow of their original theatrical screenings".[189] As a whole, the restoration of the film was well received by critics and Coppola.[187][188][189][190][191] The Godfather: The Coppola Restoration contains several new special features that play in high definition, along with additional scenes.[191]
Home media
The theatrical version of The Godfather debuted on American network television on November 16, 1974 on NBC, and again two days later, with only minor edits.[192] The airing on television attracted a large audience and helped generate anticipation for the upcoming sequel.[192] The next year, Coppola created The Godfather Saga expressly for American television in a release that combined The Godfather and The Godfather Part II with unused footage from those two films in a chronological telling that toned down the violent, sexual, and profane material for its NBC debut on November 18, 1977.[193] In 1981, Paramount released the Godfather Epic boxed set, which also told the story of the first two films in chronological order, again with additional scenes, but not redacted for broadcast sensibilities.[193] The Godfather Trilogy was released in 1992, in which the films are fundamentally in a chronological order.[194]
The Godfather Family: A Look Inside was a 73-minute documentary released in 1991.[195] Directed by Jeff Warner, the film featured some behind the scenes content from all three films, interviews with the actors, and screen tests.[195] The Godfather DVD Collection was released on October 9, 2001 in a package that contained all three films—each with a commentary track by Coppola—and a bonus disc containing The Godfather Family: A Look Inside.[196] The DVD also held a Corleone family tree, a "Godfather" timeline, and footage of the Academy Award acceptance speeches.[196]
Video game
A video game based on the film was developed by Electronic Arts and first released in 2006.[197][198] Duvall, Caan, and Brando supplied voiceovers and their likenesses,[199] but Pacino did not.[199] Francis Ford Coppola openly voiced his disapproval of the game.[200]
See also
References
- Footnotes
- ^ Sources disagree on the date where Paramount confirmed their intentions to make Mario Puzo's novel The Godfather into a feature-length film. Harlan Lebo's work states that the announcement came in January 1969,[14] while Jenny Jones' book puts the date of the announcement three months after the novel's publication, in June 1969.[15]
- ^ Sources disagree on both the amount of the original budget and the final budget. The starting budget has been recorded as $1,[34] $2,[18][37][14] and $2.5 million,[19][38] while the final budget has been named at $5,[26] $6,[19][39] and $6.5 million.[37][40]
- Citations
- ^ "THE GODFATHER (18)". British Board of Film Classification. May 31, 1996. Retrieved April 15, 2016.
- ^ a b "The Godfather (1972)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved December 6, 2014.
- ^ "The Godfather - Box Office Data, DVD and Blu-ray Sales, Movie News, Cast and Crew Information". The Numbers. Retrieved December 6, 2014.
- ^ Von Gunden 1991, p. 36. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFVon_Gunden1991 (help)
- ^ "The Godfather (Re-issue) (1997)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
- ^ BFI. "The directors' top ten films". Retrieved July 23, 2012.
- ^ History.com Staff (2009). "The Mafia in Popular Culture". History. A&E Television Networks, LLC. Archived from the original on July 16, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 17, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ http://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/500-greatest-movies/
- ^ "Citizen Kane Stands the test of Time". American Film Institute.
- ^ Lebo 2005, p. 5–6.
- ^ a b c d e Jones 2007, p. 10.
- ^ a b c d ""The Godfather" Turns 40". CBS News. CBS Interactive Inc. March 15, 2012. Archived from the original on July 16, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 17, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Lebo 2005, p. 7.
- ^ a b c d e Lebo 2005, p. 6.
- ^ a b Jones 2007, p. 10–11.
- ^ Jack O'Brian (January 25, 1973). "Not First Lady on TV". The Spartanburg Herald. p. A4. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ Michael L. Geczi and Martin Merzer (April 10, 1978). "Hollywood business is blockbuster story". St. Petersburg Times. p. 11B. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f g Hillel Italie (December 24, 1990). "'Godfather' flims have their own saga". The Daily Gazette. Associated Press. p. A7. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Mark Seal (March 2009). "The Godfather Wars". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b Welsh, Phillips & Hill 2010, p. 104.
- ^ a b Roger Fristoe. "Sergio Leone Profile". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 16, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b Lucia Bozzola. "Sergio Leone". New York Times. The New York Times Company. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 16, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Clive James (November 30, 2004). "Peter Bogdanovich". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Archived from the original on August 27, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Peter Bogdanovich - Hollywood survivor". BBC News. BBC. January 7, 2005. Archived from the original on September 3, 2010. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Royce Webb (July 28, 2008). "10 BQs: Peter Bogdanovich". ESPN.com. ESPN Internet Ventures. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e f g Philip Horne (September 22, 2009). "The Godfather: 'Nobody enjoyed one day of it'". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on September 24, 2009. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c ""The Godfather" Turns 40". CBS News. CBS Interactive Inc. March 15, 2012. Archived from the original on July 16, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 17, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Hearn, Marcus (2005). The Cinema of George Lucas. New York City: Harry N. Abrams Inc. p. 46. ISBN 0-8109-4968-7.
- ^ a b c d e The Godfather DVD commentary featuring Francis Ford Coppola, [2001]
- ^ a b c Jones 2007, p. 18.
- ^ David L. Ulin (November 21, 2007). "Author demystifies never-ending fascination with 'The Godfather'". The Sun. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ Lebo 2005, p. 25.
- ^ Jones 2007, p. 14.
- ^ a b c d e f Phillips 2004, p. 92.
- ^ a b Lebo 2005, p. 11.
- ^ a b Jones 2007, p. 12.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Backstage Story of 'The Godfather'". Lodi News-Sentinel. United Press International. March 14, 1972. p. 9. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b "Francis Ford Coppola's The Godfather opens". History. A&E Television Networks, LLC. Archived from the original on July 4, 2014. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d Jones 2007, p. 19.
- ^ Phillips 2004, p. 93.
- ^ Phillips 2004, p. 92–93.
- ^ a b c d e f g Jones 2007, p. 20.
- ^ a b c d e Jones 2007, p. 11.
- ^ a b c Jones 2007, p. 252.
- ^ a b c d e f g Phillips 2004, p. 90.
- ^ The Week Staff (July 15, 1988). "The making of The Godfather". The Week. THE WEEK Publications, Inc. Archived from the original on July 16, 2014. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 21, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Turan, Kenneth (November 27, 1988). "Robert Towne's Hollywood Without Heroes". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Archived from the original on July 16, 2014. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 17, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Nicholas Gage (March 19, 1972). "A Few Family Murders, but That's Show Biz". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Archived from the original on July 24, 2014. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 25, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e Jerry Parker (June 27, 1971). "They're Having a Ball Making 'Godfather'". Toledo Blade. p. 2. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e Jerry Parker (May 30, 1971). "About 'The Godfather'... It's Definitely Not Irish-American". The Victoria Advocate. p. 13. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ Santopietro 2012, p. 2.
- ^ Santopietro 2012, p. 1.
- ^ a b c d Williams 2012, p. 187.
- ^ a b c "What Could Have Been... 10 Movie Legends Who Almost Worked on The Godfather Trilogy". Oscars. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. April 2, 2012. Archived from the original on March 30, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Stanley 2014, p. 83.
- ^ World Features Syndicate (May 13, 1991). "Marlon Brando played Don Vito Corleone in "The Godfather..." Chicago Tribune. Tribune Company. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Ben Andac (March 1, 2012). "The Godfather legacy: 40 years on". Alpha Magazine. Al Nisr Publishing LLC. Archived from the original on July 9, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Vernon Scott (January 5, 1971). "Borgnine Best Bet For Godfather Role". St. Petersburg Times. United Press International. p. 5. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ Vernon Scott (January 6, 1971). "Borgnine In Running For 'Godfather' Role". Beaver County Times. United Press International. p. 11. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e Williams 2012, p. 188.
- ^ Santopietro 2012, p. 2–3.
- ^ a b Gelmis 1971, p. 52.
- ^ Santopietro 2012, p. 3.
- ^ Santopietro 2012, p. 3–4.
- ^ Santopietro 2012, p. 4.
- ^ a b Santopietro 2012, p. 5.
- ^ Gelmis 1971, p. 53.
- ^ a b c d e f The Godfather DVD Collection documentary A Look Inside, [2001]
- ^ a b c Jones 2007, p. 133.
- ^ a b Nate Rawlings (March 14, 2012). "The Anniversary You Can't Refuse: 40 Things You Didn't Know About The Godfather". Time. Time Inc. Archived from the original on July 9, 2013. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; January 2, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ ""The Godfather" Turns 40". CBS News. CBS Interactive Inc. March 15, 2012. Archived from the original on July 16, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 16, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b Jones 2007, p. 173.
- ^ a b Jones 2007, p. 50.
- ^ a b Jones 2007, p. 147.
- ^ ""The Godfather" Turns 40". CBS News. CBS Interactive Inc. March 15, 2012. Archived from the original on July 16, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 16, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ ""The Godfather" Turns 40". CBS News. CBS Interactive Inc. March 15, 2012. Archived from the original on July 16, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 16, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Welsh, Phillips & Hill 2010, p. 236.
- ^ "Sofia Coppola Mimics Hollywood Life in 'Somewhere'". NPR. NPR. December 20, 2010. Archived from the original on July 12, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; June 26, 2013 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ McBride, Joseph (2006). "What Ever Happened to Orson Welles?: A Portrait of an Independent Career". McFarland. ISBN 9780813124100.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|url=
(help) - ^ Santopietro 2012, p. 128.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "The Godfather (1972) – Notes". Turner Classic Movies. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b Lebo 2005, p. 184.
- ^ Feeney, Mark (2006). "A Study in Contrasts". WUTC. WUTC. Archived from the original on July 12, 2013. Retrieved July 19, 2014.
{{cite news}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 20, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Fear, David (May 19, 2014). "Gordon Willis, 'Godfather' Cinematographer, Dead at 82". Rolling Stone. Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on December 3, 2014. Retrieved July 19, 2014.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b Lebo 2005, p. 174.
- ^ Lebo 2005, p. 176.
- ^ Nate Rawlings (March 14, 2012). "The Anniversary You Can't Refuse: 40 Things You Didn't Know About The Godfather". Time. Time, Inc. Archived from the original on July 21, 2013. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 23, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Secrets of 'The Godfather' Filming Now Revealed". Atlanta Daily World. June 11, 1972. p. 10.
{{cite news}}
:|access-date=
requires|url=
(help) - ^ a b c Jim and Shirley Rose Higgins (May 7, 1972). "Movie Fan's Guide to Travel". Chicago Tribune. p. F22.
{{cite news}}
:|access-date=
requires|url=
(help) - ^ Jones 2007, p. 24.
- ^ "In search of... The Godfather in Sicily". The Independent. Independent Digital News and Media Limited. April 26, 2003. Archived from the original on May 11, 2015. Retrieved February 12, 2016.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c Jones 2007, p. 30.
- ^ Fred Ferretti (March 23, 1971). "Corporate Rift in 'Godfather' Filming". Chicago Tribune. p. 28.
{{cite news}}
:|access-date=
requires|url=
(help) - ^ Lebo 2005, p. 115.
- ^ "THE GODFATHER: Scene Locations". Thegodfathertrilogy.com. Retrieved March 4, 2010.
- ^ "Photo of Bellevue side entrance". Douging. smugmug.com. Retrieved March 4, 2010.
- ^ Lebo 2005, p. 181.
- ^ Kim Potts (May 6, 2010). "Famous Movie Locations: Corleone Mansion from 'The Godfather'". Moviefone. Staten Island, NY: Inside Movies - On the Scene.
- ^ Jones 2007, p. 214.
- ^ a b c Phillips 2004, p. 107.
- ^ a b c d e Welsh, Phillips & Hill 2010, p. 222.
- ^ Phillips 2004, p. 355.
- ^ "The Godfather (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)". Apple. Archived from the original on July 19, 2014. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 20, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b Zach Curd. "Nino Rota - The Godfather [Original Soundtrack]". Allmusic. All Media Network, LLC. Archived from the original on July 19, 2014. Retrieved July 20, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 20, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Nino Rota - The Godfather [Original Soundtrack]". Allmusic. All Media Network, LLC. Retrieved July 20, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Check|archiveurl=
value (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b "The Godfather". Filmtracks. Christian Clemmensen (Filmtracks Publications). October 3, 2009. Archived from the original on July 19, 2014. Retrieved July 20, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 20, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c "The Godfather". AFI. American Film Institute. Archived from the original on July 17, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b c Block & Wilson 2010, pp. 518, 552.
- ^ Wedman, Len (January 24, 1973). "Birth of a Nation classic proves it's still fantastic". The Vancouver Sun. p. 39.
- ^ "Godfather 1 all-time earner". The Gazette. Montreal. Reuters. January 9, 1975. p. 21.
- ^ Dirks, Tim. "Top Films of All-Time: Part 1 – Box-Office Blockbusters". AMC FilmSite.org. Retrieved May 31, 2012.
- ^ "Robert Wise – The Sound of Music (1965)". American Film Institute. Retrieved November 20, 2012.
- ^ Jacobs, Diane (1980). Hollywood Renaissance. Dell Publishing. p. 115. ISBN 978-0-440-53382-5.
The Godfather catapulted Coppola to overnight celebrity, earning three Academy Awards and a then record-breaking $142 million in worldwide sales.
- ^ Box office
- 1991: Von Gunden, Kenneth (1991). Postmodern auteurs: Coppola, Lucas, De Palma, Spielberg, and Scorsese. McFarland & Company. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-89950-618-0.
Since The Godfather had earned over $85 million in U.S.-Canada rentals (the worldwide box-office gross was $285 million), a sequel, according to the usual formula, could be expected to earn approximately two-thirds of the original's box-office take (ultimately Godfather II had rentals of $30 million).
- 1997 re-release: "The Godfather (Re-issue) (1997)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved November 20, 2012.
North America:$1,267,490
- Total: "The Godfather". Boxoffice. Retrieved June 23, 2013.
Worldwide Gross: $245,066,411
- 1991: Von Gunden, Kenneth (1991). Postmodern auteurs: Coppola, Lucas, De Palma, Spielberg, and Scorsese. McFarland & Company. p. 36. ISBN 978-0-89950-618-0.
- ^ "All TIme Box Office Adjusted for Ticket Price Inflation". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved November 20, 2012.
- ^ History.com Staff (2009). "The Mafia in Popular Culture". History. A&E Television Networks, LLC. Archived from the original on July 16, 2013. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 17, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b "The Godfather". Metacritic. CBS Interactive Inc. Archived from the original on July 19, 2014. Retrieved January 11, 2009.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "The Godfather (1972)". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster, Inc. Archived from the original on July 7, 2014. Retrieved July 18, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Metacritic: Best Reviewed Movies". Metacritic. CBS Interactive Inc. Archived from the original on July 18, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2007.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 19, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Top 100 Movies Of All Time". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster, Inc. Archived from the original on July 19, 2014. Retrieved July 3, 2013.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b Roger Ebert (January 1, 1972). "The Godfather". Roger Ebert.com. Ebert Digital LLC. Archived from the original on July 19, 2014. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Gene Siskel (October 15, 1999). "The Movie Reviews". Chicago Tribune. Tribune Company. Archived from the original on July 1, 2014. Retrieved August 23, 2015.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b Andrew Sarris (March 16, 1972). "Films in Focus". The Village Voice. Village Voice, LLC. Archived from the original on October 24, 2013. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Desson Howe (March 21, 1997). "'Godfather': Offer Accepted". Washington Post. The Washington Post Company. Archived from the original on July 19, 2014. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Vincent Canby (March 16, 1972). "'Godfather': Offer Accepted". New York Times. The New York Times Company. Archived from the original on July 19, 2014. Retrieved January 1, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 20, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Nick Wrigley (February 14, 2014). "Stanley Kubrick, cinephile – redux". BFI. British Film Institute. Archived from the original on July 16, 2014. Retrieved June 1, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b De Stefano 2006, p. 68.
- ^ De Stefano 2006, p. 119.
- ^ De Stefano 2006, p. 180.
- ^ Sifakis, Carl (1987). The Mafia Encyclopedia. New York City: Facts on File. ISBN 0-8160-1856-1.
- ^ De Stefano 2006, p. 114.
- ^ a b c d Smith, John L. (July 7, 2004). "In mob world, life often imitates art of Marlon Brando's 'Godfather'". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved December 7, 2010.
- ^ Podhoretz, John (March 26, 2012). "Forty Years On: Why 'The Godfather' is a classic, destined to endure". The Weekly Standard., p. 39.
- ^ Ebert, Roger (July 18, 2010). "WHOLE LOTTA CANTIN' GOING ON".
- ^ "The 30th Annual Golden Globe Awards (1973)". HFPA. Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Archived from the original on July 17, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b "'Godfather' Wins Four Globe Awards". The Telegraph. Associated Press. January 30, 1973. p. 20. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ "Ruth Bizzi Cited By Golden Globes". The Age. Associated Press. February 1, 1973. p. 14. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ "Trivia". HFPA. Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Archived from the original on July 17, 2014. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
- ^ a b "Roberta Flack Is Big Winner In Awarding Of 'Grammys'". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. Associated Press. March 5, 1973. p. 11-A. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b Edward W. Coker Jr. (March 9, 1973). "Roberta Flack Is Big Winner In Awarding Of 'Grammys'". The Spokesman-Review. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b Bruce Russell (February 13, 1973). "'Godfather' Gets 11 Oscar Nominations". Toledo Blade. Reuters. p. P-2. Retrieved September 2, 2014.
- ^ a b "Godfather Gets 11 Oscar Nominations". The Michigan Daily. United Press International. February 14, 1971. p. 3. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b "The 45th Academy Awards (1973) Nominees and Winners". Oscars. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on July 17, 2014. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
- ^ "'Godfather' Song Used Before". Daytona Beach Morning Star. Associated Press. March 2, 1973. p. 10. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ "Godfather, Superfly music out of Oscars". The Montreal Gazette. Associated Press. March 7, 1973. p. 37. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
- ^ a b Kris Tapley (January 21, 2008). "Jonny Greenwood's 'Blood' score disqualified by AM-PAS". Variety. Retrieved March 4, 2010.
- ^ "100 Years of Paramount: Academy Awards". Paramount Pictures. Retrieved June 16, 2013.
- ^ "The Godfather". The Val d'Or Star. October 26, 1977. p. 2. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ "Brando Expected To Skip Oscar Award Rites". The Morning Record. Associated Press. March 26, 1973. p. 7. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
- ^ a b "Brando Rejects Oscar Award". The Age. March 29, 1973. p. 10. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b "Brando snubs Hollywood, rejects Oscar". The Montreal Gazette. Gazette. March 28, 1973. p. 1. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ "American Indians mourn Brando's death – Marlon Brando (1924–2004)". MSNBC. February 7, 2004. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
- ^ "Only the most talented actors have the nerve to tackle roles that push them to their physical and mental limits". The Irish Independent. November 26, 2011. Retrieved December 6, 2011.
- ^ Pinsker, Beth. "An Offer He Could Refuse". EW.com. Retrieved January 11, 2012.
- ^ Grobel; p. xxi
- ^ a b c "BAFTA Awards Search". BAFTA. British Academy of Film and Television Arts. Archived from the original on July 17, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ "Films Selected to The National Film Registry, 1989-2010". National Film Preservation Board. Library of Congress. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved March 12, 2012.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Top 100 Films (Readers)". AMC Filmsite.org. American Movie Classics Company LLC. Archived from the original on July 28, 2014. Retrieved August 17, 2010.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 18, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Sight & Sound Top Ten Poll 2002 – The Directors' Top Ten Films". British Film Institute. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
- ^ "Sight & Sound Top Ten Poll 2002 – The Critics' Top Ten Films". British Film Institute. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
- ^ "Film Four's 100 Greatest Films of All Time". AMC Filmsite.org. American Movie Classics Company LLC. Archived from the original on March 31, 2014. Retrieved August 17, 2010.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "All-TIME 100 Movies". Time. Time Inc. March 14, 2012. Archived from the original on July 17, 2014. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ TIME Staff (October 3, 2011). "That Old Feeling: Secrets of the All-Time 100". Time. Time Inc. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "101 Greatest Screenplays". Writers Guild of America, West. Writers Guild of America, West. Archived from the original on March 28, 2014. Retrieved July 18, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Empire's The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time". Empire magazine. Archived from the original on July 8, 2014. Retrieved August 17, 2010.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Burr, Ty. The 100 Greatest Movies of All Time. Time-Life Books. ISBN 1-883013-68-2.
- ^ "Entertainment Weekly's 100 Greatest Movies of All Time". AMC Filmsite.org. American Movie Classics Company LLC. Archived from the original on March 31, 2014. Retrieved August 17, 2010.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Entertainment Weekly's 100 Greatest Movies of All Time". Harris County Public Library. The Harris County Public Library. May 12, 2009. Archived from the original on January 11, 2012. Retrieved August 17, 2010.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies" (PDF). American Film Institute. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills" (PDF). American Film Institute. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains Nominees" (PDF). American Film Institute. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes" (PDF). American Film Institute. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ a b "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes Nominees" (PDF). American Film Institute. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores" (PDF). American Film Institute. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)" (PDF). American Film Institute. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ "AFI's 10 Top 10: Top 10 Gangster". American Film Institute. Retrieved November 14, 2014.
- ^ "An Offer Hollywood Can't Refuse". CBS News. March 4, 2005. Archived from the original on December 20, 2007.
- ^ http://www.italic.org
- ^ "Italian Culture on Film, Image Research Project, Italic Institute of America". Italic.org. Retrieved January 16, 2013.
- ^ "The Godfather: A Cultural Phenomenon". University of Pennsylvania. 2005.
- ^ Gambino, Megan (January 31, 2012). "What is The Godfather Effect?". Smithsonian.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes". AFI.com. American Film Institute. Archived from the original on July 2, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ (Father Goriot, page 104 in Chapter 1); "Dans ces conjonctures, je vais vous faire une proposition que personne ne refuserait. Honoré de Balzac, Œuvres complètes de H. de Balzac (1834), Calmann-Lévy, 1910 (Le Père Goriot, II. L'entrée dans le monde, pp. 110-196); viewed 10-2-2014.
- ^ Roger Ebert (November 8, 1996). "Review of Set it Off". Sun Times.
- ^ Clark Collis (March 2, 2002). "Top five John Belushi moments". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on April 16, 2012. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Maria Newman, How Much for That ‘Sopranos’ Stripper Pole? NYTimes August 21, 2007
- ^ a b c d e Mike Snider (September 23, 2008). "'Godfather' films finally restored to glory". USA Today. Gannett Company. Archived from the original on July 20, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 21, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e f g Fred Kaplan (September 30, 2008). "Your DVD Player Sleeps With the Fishes". Slate. Graham Holdings Company. Archived from the original on July 20, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 21, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d Dave Kehr (September 22, 2008). "New DVDs: 'The Godfather: The Coppola Restoration'". New York Times. New York Times Company. Archived from the original on July 20, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 21, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c Keith Phipps (October 7, 2008). "The Godfather: The Coppola Restoration". The AV Club. Onion Inc. Archived from the original on July 20, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 21, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b Matt Noller (September 26, 2008). "The Godfather Collection: The Coppola Restoration". Slant. Slant Magazine. Archived from the original on July 20, 2014. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite web}}
:|archive-date=
/|archive-url=
timestamp mismatch; July 21, 2014 suggested (help); Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b Lebo 2005, p. 245.
- ^ a b Lebo 2005, p. 247.
- ^ Lebo 2005, p. XIV.
- ^ a b Alice Duncan. "The Godfather Family: A Look Inside (1991)". New York Times. The New York Times Company. Archived from the original on August 23, 2015. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b Alice Duncan (October 9, 2001). "The Godfather DVD Collection". Entertainment Weekly. Entertainment Weekly Inc. Archived from the original on August 23, 2015. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Matt Slagle (March 31, 2006). "'Godfather' is the offer you can't refuse". The Victoria Advocate. p. 13E. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ Victor Godinez (March 31, 2006). "Game Reviews". The Victoria Advocate. p. 13E. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ a b Matt Slagle (May 20, 2005). "Gameplay makes certain titles rock". Gadsden Times. p. C4. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
- ^ ""Coppola Angry over Godfather Video Game", April 8, 2005". Retrieved August 22, 2005.
- Bibliography
- Block, Alex Ben; Wilson, Lucy Autrey (2010). George Lucas's Blockbusting: A Decade-by-Decade Survey of Timeless Movies Including Untold Secrets of Their Financial and Cultural Success. New York, New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-177889-6.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - De Stefano, George (2006). "Chapter 4: Don Corleone Was My Godfather". An Offer We Can't Refuse: The Mafia in the Mind of America. New York: Faber and Faber. pp. 94–135. ISBN 978-0-571-21157-9. OCLC 60420173. Retrieved January 26, 2013.
{{cite book}}
: External link in
(help); Invalid|chapterurl=
|ref=harv
(help); Unknown parameter|chapterurl=
ignored (|chapter-url=
suggested) (help) - Gelmis, Joseph (August 23, 1971). "Merciful Heavens, Is This The End of Don Corleone?". New York Magazine. 4 (34). New York Media, LLC. ISSN 0028-7369. Retrieved July 16, 2014.
{{cite journal}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Jones, Jenny M. (2007). The Annotated Godfather: The Complete Screenplay. New York, New York: Black Dog & Leventhal. ISBN 978-1-5791-2739-8. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Lebo, Harlan (2005). The Godfather Legacy: The Untold Story of the Making of the Classic Godfather Trilogy Featuring Never-Before-Published Production Stills. London, England: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-8777-7. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Phillips, Gene D. (2004). Godfather: The Intimate Francis Ford Coppola. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 978-0-8131-4671-3. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Santopietro, Tom (2012). The Godfather Effect: Changing Hollywood, America, and Me. New York, New York: Thomas Dunne Books. ISBN 978-1-2500-0513-7. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Stanley, Timothy (2014). Citizen Hollywood: How the Collaboration Between LA and DC Revolutionized American Politics. New York, New York: Thomas Dunne Books. ISBN 978-1-2500-3249-2. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Williams, Joe (2012). Hollywood Myths: The Shocking Truths Behind Film's Most Incredible Secrets and Scandals. Minneapolis, Minnesota: MBI Pub. Co. and Voyageur Press. ISBN 978-1-2500-3249-2. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Welsh, James M.; Phillips, Gene D.; Hill, Rodney F. (2010). The Francis Ford Coppola Encyclopedia. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7651-4. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Von Gunden, Kenneth (1991). Postmodern Auteurs: Coppola, Lucas, De Palma, Spielberg and Scorsese. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-8995-0618-0.
{{cite book}}
: Invalid|ref=harv
(help)
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png)
- Official website
- The Godfather at IMDb
- The Godfather at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films
- The Godfather at Box Office Mojo
- The Godfather at Rotten Tomatoes
- Please use a more specific Metacritic template.
- 1972 films
- The Godfather
- The Godfather films
- American films
- English-language films
- 1970s crime drama films
- American crime drama films
- BAFTA winners (films)
- Best Drama Picture Golden Globe winners
- Best Picture Academy Award winners
- Fictional American people of Italian descent
- Film scores by Nino Rota
- Films about Italian-American organized crime
- Films based on American novels
- Films based on organized crime novels
- Films directed by Francis Ford Coppola
- Films featuring a Best Actor Academy Award winning performance
- Films featuring a Best Drama Actor Golden Globe winning performance
- Films set in the Bronx
- Films set in the Las Vegas Valley
- Films set in Los Angeles, California
- Films set in New York City
- Films set in Sicily
- Films set in the 1940s
- Films set in the 1950s
- Films shot in New York City
- Films whose director won the Best Director Golden Globe
- Films whose writer won the Best Adapted Screenplay Academy Award
- Gangster films
- Mafia films
- Screenplays by Francis Ford Coppola
- Screenplays by Mario Puzo
- United States National Film Registry films
- Paramount Pictures films