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Please update [[List of countries by past GDP (nominal)]] with the historical data.-->
Please update [[List of countries by past GDP (nominal)]] with the historical data.-->

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Revision as of 02:04, 1 March 2022

For countries by GDP based on purchasing power parity, see List of countries by GDP (PPP).

Largest economies by nominal GDP in 2021[1]
Countries by nominal GDP in 2019[n 1]
  > $20 trillion
  $10–20 trillion
  $5–10 trillion
  $1–5 trillion
  $750 billion – $1 trillion
  $500–750 billion
  $250–500 billion
  $100–250 billion
  $50–100 billion
  $25–50 billion
  $5–25 billion
  < $5 billion

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services from a nation in a given year.[2] Countries are sorted by nominal GDP estimates from financial and statistical institutions, which are calculated at market or government official exchange rates. Nominal GDP does not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results can vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency.[3] Such fluctuations may change a country's ranking from one year to the next, even though they often make little or no difference in the standard of living of its population.[4]

Comparisons of national wealth are also frequently made on the basis of purchasing power parity (PPP), to adjust for differences in the cost of living in different countries. Other metrics, Nominal GDP per capita and a corresponding GDP (PPP) per capita are used for comparing national standard of living. On the whole, PPP per capita figures are less spread than nominal GDP per capita figures.[5]

Although the rankings of national economies have changed considerably over time, Before the United States surpassed the British Empire's output around 1916,[6] Britain had surpassed the Qing dynasty in aggregate output decades earlier.[7][8] Since China's transition to a market-based economy through controlled privatisation and deregulation,[9][10] the country has seen its ranking increase from ninth, in 1978, to second, in 2016. Economic growth accelerated and its share of global nominal GDP surged from 2% in 1980 to 15% in 2016.[8][1] Among others, India has also experienced an economic boom since the implementation of economic liberalisation in the early 1990s.[11]

The first list includes estimates compiled by the International Monetary Fund's World Economic Outlook, the second list shows the World Bank's data, and the third list includes data compiled by the United Nations Statistics Division. The IMF definitive data for the past year and estimates for the current year are published twice a year in April and October. Non-sovereign entities (the world, continents, and some dependent territories) and states with limited international recognition (such as Kosovo, Palestine, and Taiwan) are included in the list where they appear in the sources.

Table

The table initially ranks each country or territory with the latest available estimate, and can be reranked by either of the sources

The links in the "Country/Territory" row of the following table link to the article on the GDP or the economy of the respective country or territory.

GDP (US$ million) by country
Country/Territory Region IMF[1] United Nations[12] World Bank[13][14]
Estimate Year Estimate Year Estimate Year
 United States Americas 22,939,580 2021 20,893,746 2020 20,936,600 2020
 China Asia 16,862,979 [n 2]2021 14,722,801 [n 3]2020 14,722,731 2020
 Japan Asia 5,103,110 2021 5,057,759 2020 4,975,415 2020
 Germany Europe 4,230,172 2021 3,846,414 2020 3,806,060 2020
 United Kingdom Europe 3,108,416 2021 2,764,198 2020 2,707,744 2020
 India Asia 2,946,061 2021 2,664,749 2020 2,622,984 2020
 France Europe 2,940,428 2021 2,630,318 2020 2,603,004 2020
 Italy Europe 2,120,232 2021 1,888,709 2020 1,886,445 2020
 Canada Americas 2,015,983 2021 1,644,037 2020 1,643,408 2020
 South Korea Asia 1,823,852 2021 1,637,896 2020 1,630,525 2020
 Russia Europe 1,647,568 2021 1,483,498 2020 1,483,498 2020
 Brazil Americas 1,645,837 2021 1,444,733 2020 1,444,733 2020
 Australia Oceania 1,610,556 2021 1,423,473 2020 1,330,901 2020
 Spain Europe 1,439,958 2021 1,281,485 2020 1,281,199 2020
 Mexico Americas 1,285,518 2021 1,073,439 2020 1,076,163 2020
 Indonesia Asia 1,150,245 2021 1,058,424 2020 1,058,424 2020
 Iran Asia 1,081,383 2021 939,316 2020 203,471 2020
 Netherlands Europe 1,007,562 2021 913,865 2020 912,242 2020
 Saudi Arabia Asia 842,588 2021 700,118 2020 700,118 2020
 Switzerland Europe 810,830 2021 752,248 2020 747,969 2020
 Turkey Asia 795,952 2021 720,098 2020 720,101 2020
 Taiwan Asia 785,589 [n 4]2021 669,324 [15] 2020 668,500 2020
 Poland Europe 655,332 2021 596,618 2020 594,165 2020
 Sweden Europe 622,365 2021 541,064 2020 537,610 2020
 Belgium Europe 581,848 2021 521,861 2020 515,333 2020
 Thailand Asia 546,223 2021 501,795 2020 501,795 2020
 Ireland Europe 516,253 2021 425,889 2020 418,622 2020
 Austria Europe 481,209 2021 433,258 2020 428,965 2020
 Nigeria Africa 480,482 2021 429,899 2020 432,294 2020
 Israel Asia 467,532 2021 407,101 2020 401,954 2020
 Argentina Americas 455,172 2021 383,067 2020 383,067 2020
 Norway Europe 445,507 2021 362,522 2020 362,009 2020
 South Africa Africa 415,315 2021 302,141 2020 301,924 2020
 United Arab Emirates Asia 410,158 2021 358,869 2020 421,142 2020
 Denmark Europe 396,666 2021 356,085 2020 355,184 2020
 Egypt Africa 396,328 2021 369,309 2020 363,069 2020
 Philippines Asia 393,737 2021 361,489 2020 361,489 2020
 Singapore Asia 378,645 2021 339,988 2020 339,998 2020
 Malaysia Asia 371,114 2021 336,664 2020 336,664 2020
 Hong Kong Asia 369,722 [n 5]2021 349,445 2020 346,586 2020
 Vietnam Asia 368,002 2021 271,158 2020 271,158 2020
 Bangladesh Asia 355,689 2021 329,484 2020 324,239 2020
 Chile Americas 331,250 2021 252,940 2020 252,940 2020
 Colombia Americas 300,791 2021 271,347 2020 271,347 2020
 Finland Europe 296,016 2021 269,751 2020 271,234 2020
 Romania Europe 287,279 2021 248,716 2020 248,716 2020
 Pakistan Asia 286,340 2021 257,829 2020 263,687 2020
 Czech Republic Europe 276,914 2021 245,349 2020 243,530 2020
 Portugal Europe 251,709 2021 228,539 2020 231,256 2020
 New Zealand Oceania 247,640 2021 212,044 2020 212,482 2020
 Peru Americas 225,858 2021 203,196 2020 202,014 2020
 Greece Europe 211,645 2021 188,835 2020 189,410 2020
 Iraq Asia 201,472 2021 166,757 2020 167,224 2020
 Kazakhstan Asia 194,024 2021 171,082 2020 169,835 2020
 Ukraine Europe 181,038 [n 6]2021 155,582 [n 6]2020 155,582 2020
 Hungary Europe 180,959 2021 155,808 2020 155,013 2020
 Qatar Asia 169,184 2021 146,401 2020 146,374 2020
 Algeria Africa 163,812 2021 147,689 2020 145,164 2020
 Kuwait Asia 132,266 2021 105,949 2020 136,197 2019
 Morocco Africa 126,035 2021 114,724 [n 7]2020 112,871 2020
 Slovakia Europe 116,748 2021 105,173 2020 104,574 2020
 Kenya Africa 109,491 2021 101,014 2020 98,843 2020
 Cuba Americas — 107,352 2020 103,131 2019
 Puerto Rico Americas 106,576 2021 103,138 2020 103,138 2020
 Ecuador Americas 104,483 2021 98,808 2020 98,808 2020
 Ethiopia Africa 92,757 2021 96,611 2020 107,645 2020
 Dominican Republic Americas 89,502 2021 78,845 2020 78,845 2020
 Luxembourg Europe 83,771 2021 73,353 2020 73,264 2020
 Guatemala Americas 83,305 2021 77,605 2020 77,605 2020
 Sri Lanka Asia 80,785 2021 80,677 2020 80,707 2020
 Oman Asia 80,611 2021 63,368 2020 76,332 2019
 Bulgaria Europe 77,907 2021 69,888 2020 69,105 2020
 Ghana Africa 75,487 2021 68,532 2020 72,354 2020
 Angola Africa 70,339 2021 62,307 2020 62,307 2020
 Tanzania Africa 69,238 2021 64,740 [n 8]2020 62,410 2020
 Ivory Coast Africa 68,845 2021 61,143 2020 61,349 2020
 Myanmar Asia 66,740 2021 70,284 2020 76,186 2020
 Belarus Europe 65,754 2021 60,259 2020 60,258 2020
 Uzbekistan Asia 65,503 2021 57,707 2020 57,707 2020
 Lebanon Asia 19,126 2020 63,546 2020 33,383 2020
 Croatia Europe 63,399 2021 57,204 2020 55,967 2020
 Lithuania Europe 62,635 2021 56,547 2020 55,887 2020
 Costa Rica Americas 61,178 2021 61,521 2020 61,521 2020
 Slovenia Europe 60,890 2021 53,590 2020 52,880 2020
 Serbia Europe 60,669 2021 53,335 2020 52,960 2020
 Panama Americas 60,121 2021 52,938 2020 52,938 2020
 Uruguay Americas 60,108 2021 53,629 2020 53,629 2020
 DR Congo Africa 54,832 2021 45,308 2020 49,869 2020
 Turkmenistan Asia 53,087 2021 42,845 2020 45,231 2019
 Azerbaijan Asia 52,645 2021 42,607 2020 42,607 2020
 Jordan Asia 45,344 2021 43,697 2020 43,698 2020
 Venezuela Americas 44,893 2021 106,359 2020 482,359 2014
 Cameroon Africa 44,806 2021 39,881 2020 39,802 2020
 Uganda Africa 43,243 2021 38,702 2020 37,372 2020
 Tunisia Africa 42,733 2021 39,218 2020 39,236 2020
 Bahrain Asia 39,104 2021 33,904 2020 38,475 2019
 Bolivia Americas 38,547 2021 36,573 2020 36,689 2020
 Latvia Europe 37,199 2021 33,707 2020 33,505 2020
 Paraguay Americas 36,973 2021 35,304 2020 35,304 2020
 Estonia Europe 36,039 2021 30,650 2020 31,030 2020
 Sudan Africa 35,919 2021 62,057 2020 26,111 2020
 Nepal Asia 34,265 2021 33,079 2020 33,657 2020
 Macau Asia 29,223 [n 9]2021 24,333 2020 55,154 2019
 El Salvador Americas 27,665 2021 24,639 2020 24,639 2020
 Senegal Africa 27,576 2021 24,412 2020 24,911 2020
 Libya Africa 27,300 2021 29,153 2020 25,418 2020
 Cyprus Asia 26,546 2021 24,612 [n 10]2020 23,804 2020
 Papua New Guinea Oceania 26,461 2021 23,619 2020 23,592 2020
 Honduras Americas 26,325 2021 23,828 2020 23,828 2020
 Cambodia Asia 26,080 2021 25,291 2020 25,291 2020
 Zimbabwe Africa 25,791 2021 21,787 2020 16,769 2020
 Iceland Europe 25,476 2021 21,718 2020 21,715 2020
 Zambia Africa 21,699 2021 18,111 2020 19,320 2020
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe 21,692 2021 19,801 2020 19,788 2020
 Trinidad and Tobago Americas 21,599 2021 21,393 2020 21,530 2020
 Haiti Americas 20,143 2021 15,505 2020 13,418 2020
 Afghanistan Asia 19,938 2021 19,793 2020 19,807 2020
 Burkina Faso Africa 19,932 2021 17,369 2020 17,369 2020
 Mali Africa 19,563 2021 17,332 2020 17,394 2020
 Yemen Asia 19,471 2021 27,958 2020 23,486 2018
 Laos Asia 19,375 2021 19,082 2020 19,136 2020
 Gabon Africa 18,293 2021 15,111 2020 15,593 2020
 Benin Africa 18,067 2021 15,205 2020 15,652 2020
 Georgia Asia 17,846 2021 15,892 2020 15,892 [n 11]2020
 Botswana Africa 17,605 2021 15,782 2020 15,782 2020
 Palestine Asia 17,343 [n 12]2021 15,561 [n 12]2020 15,561 2020
 Albania Europe 16,770 2021 14,910 2020 14,800 2020
 Guinea Africa 16,724 2021 15,490 2020 15,681 2020
 Malta Europe 16,695 2021 14,911 2020 14,647 2020
 North Korea Asia — 15,847 2020 —
 Mozambique Africa 15,833 2021 14,029 2020 14,021 2020
 Brunei Asia 15,686 2021 12,003 2020 12,016 2020
 Niger Africa 15,637 2021 13,741 2020 13,678 2020
 Syria Asia 60,043 2010 15,572 2020 40,405 2007
 Jamaica Americas 14,857 2021 13,812 2020 13,812 2020
 Mongolia Asia 14,280 2021 13,137 2020 13,137 2020
 Madagascar Africa 14,101 2021 13,008 2020 13,721 2020
 North Macedonia Europe 13,885 2021 12,264 2020 12,267 2020
 Armenia Asia 13,612 2021 12,641 2020 12,645 2020
 Nicaragua Americas 13,397 2021 12,621 2020 12,621 2020
 Congo Africa 12,744 2021 10,100 2020 10,885 2020
 Equatorial Guinea Africa 12,528 2021 10,022 2020 10,022 2020
 Moldova Europe 12,396 [n 13]2021 11,914 [n 13]2020 11,914 2020
 Chad Africa 12,345 2021 11,154 2020 10,093 2020
 Namibia Africa 12,213 2021 10,710 2020 10,700 2020
 Malawi Africa 12,150 2021 11,762 2020 11,962 2020
 Mauritius Africa 10,998 2021 10,921 2020 10,914 2020
 Bahamas Americas 10,681 2021 9,908 2020 11,250 2020
 Rwanda Africa 10,395 2021 10,332 2020 10,334 2020
 New Caledonia Oceania — 9,709 2020 2,682 2000
 Mauritania Africa 9,164 2021 7,916 2020 7,779 2020
 Kosovo Europe 8,958 2021 7,734 2020 7,611 2020
 Togo Africa 8,493 2021 7,146 2020 7,575 2020
 Kyrgyzstan Asia 8,150 2021 7,736 2020 7,736 2020
 Tajikistan Asia 8,104 2021 7,997 2020 8,194 2020
 Bermuda Americas — 7,719 2020 7,484 2019
 Guyana Americas 7,395 2021 5,471 2020 5,471 2020
 Liechtenstein Europe — 6,872 2020 6,839 2018
 Monaco Europe — 6,816 2020 7,424 2019
 Cayman Islands Americas — 6,256 2020 5,936 2019
 Guam Oceania — — 5,844 2020
 French Polynesia Oceania — 5,817 2020 3,448 2000
 Montenegro Europe 5,494 2021 4,789 2020 4,779 2020
 Somalia Africa 5,424 2021 1,873 2020 4,918 2020
 Barbados Americas 4,648 2021 4,440 2020 4,366 2020
 Fiji Oceania 4,639 2021 4,494 2020 4,376 2020
 Maldives Asia 4,573 2021 3,743 2020 4,030 2020
 Eswatini Africa 4,517 2021 3,835 2020 3,962 2020
 Sierra Leone Africa 4,407 2021 3,787 2020 3,865 2020
 Djibouti Africa 3,654 2021 3,423 2020 3,384 2020
 Liberia Africa 3,384 2021 2,481 2020 2,950 2020
 South Sudan Africa 3,263 2021 15,903 2020 11,998 2015
 Andorra Europe 3,213 2021 2,864 2020 3,155 2019
 Burundi Africa 3,193 2021 3,399 2020 3,258 2020
 Greenland Americas — 3,130 2020 3,052 2018
 Aruba Americas 2,865 2021 2,497 2020 3,202 2018
 Suriname Americas 2,817 2021 4,120 2020 3,808 2020
 Curaçao Americas — 2,596 2020 3,102 2019
 Central African Republic Africa 2,587 2021 2,323 2020 2,303 2020
 Bhutan Asia 2,480 2021 2,483 2020 2,409 2020
 Lesotho Africa 2,478 2021 2,273 2020 1,845 2020
 Eritrea Africa 2,254 2021 2,084 2020 2,065 2011
 Gambia Africa 2,042 2021 1,830 2020 1,902 2020
 Belize Americas 1,909 2021 1,586 2020 1,764 2020
 Cape Verde Africa 1,886 2021 1,704 2020 1,704 2020
 San Marino Europe 1,728 2021 1,555 2020 1,616 2019
 Zanzibar Africa — 1,724 2020 —
 Saint Lucia Americas 1,715 2021 1,617 2020 1,703 2020
 East Timor Asia 1,697 2021 1,902 2020 1,821 2020
 Solomon Islands Oceania 1,649 2021 1,546 2020 1,551 2020
 Guinea-Bissau Africa 1,592 2021 1,315 2020 1,432 2020
 British Virgin Islands Americas — 1,492 2020 —
 Antigua and Barbuda Americas 1,405 2021 1,370 2020 1,415 2020
 Seychelles Africa 1,288 2021 1,059 2020 1,125 2020
 Comoros Africa 1,281 2021 1,235 2020 1,220 2020
 Northern Mariana Islands Oceania — — 1,182 2019
 Grenada Americas 1,083 2021 1,043 2020 1,089 2020
 Vanuatu Oceania 999 2021 855 2020 855 2020
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Americas 976 2021 927 2020 927 2020
 Turks and Caicos Islands Americas — 925 2020 925 2020
 Sint Maarten Americas — 857 2020 1,185 2018
 Samoa Oceania 780 2021 772 2020 807 2020
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Americas 769 2021 810 2020 810 2020
 American Samoa Oceania — — 709 2020
 Dominica Americas 571 2021 507 2020 470 2020
 São Tomé and Príncipe Africa 534 2021 476 2020 473 2020
 Tonga Oceania 501 2021 491 2020 512 2019
 Micronesia Oceania 404 2021 403 2020 408 2019
 Cook Islands Oceania — 283 2020 —
 Anguilla Americas — 258 2020 —
 Marshall Islands Oceania 241 2021 244 2020 239 2019
 Kiribati Oceania 232 2021 181 2020 200 2020
 Palau Oceania 208 2021 264 2020 268 2019
 Nauru Oceania 133 2021 135 2020 118 2019
 Montserrat Americas — 68 2020 —
 Tuvalu Oceania 65 2021 55 2020 49 2020

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Based on IMF data. If no data is available for a country from the IMF, then data from the United Nations is used.
  2. ^ Figures exclude Taiwan, and special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  3. ^ Figures exclude special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  4. ^ The name used in IMF's report is "Taiwan Province of China".
  5. ^ The name used in IMF's report is "Hong Kong SAR".
  6. ^ a b Figures exclude Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol.
  7. ^ Includes Western Sahara.
  8. ^ The UN figure excludes autonomous region of Zanzibar.
  9. ^ The name used in IMF's report is "Macao SAR".
  10. ^ Data are for the area controlled by the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.
  11. ^ Excludes Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
  12. ^ a b The name used in IMF's and the World Bank's report is "West Bank and Gaza".
  13. ^ a b Excludes data for Transnistria.

References

  1. ^ a b c "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2021". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. October 2021. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  2. ^ "What is GDP and why is it so important?". Investopedia. IAC/InterActiveCorp. 26 February 2009. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  3. ^ Moffatt, Mike. "A Beginner's Guide to Purchasing Power Parity Theory". About.com. IAC/InterActiveCorp. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
  4. ^ Ito, Takatoshi; Isard, Peter; Symansky, Steven (January 1999). "Economic Growth and Real Exchange Rate: An Overview of the Balassa-Samuelson Hypothesis in Asia" (PDF). Changes in Exchange Rates in Rapidly Development Countries: Theory, Practice, and Policy Issues. National Bureau of Economic Research. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  5. ^ Callen, Tim (28 March 2012). "Gross Domestic Product: An Economy's All". Finance & Development. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
  6. ^ Frum, David (24 December 2014). "The Real Story of How America Became an Economic Superpower". The Atlantic. Retrieved 16 February 2022.
  7. ^ Matthews, Chris (5 October 2014). "5 Most Powerful Economic Empires of All Time". Fortune. Time, Inc. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  8. ^ a b Kroeber, Arthur R. (2016). China's Economy: What Everyone Needs to Know. New York, United States: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190239053.
  9. ^ Kau, Michael Ying-mao (30 September 1993). China in the Era of Deng Xiaoping: A Decade of Reform. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781563242786. Retrieved 23 May 2016. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  10. ^ Hu, Zuliu; Khan, Mohsin S. (April 1997). "Why Is China Growing So Fast?" (PDF). Economic Issues. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  11. ^ Rodrik, Dani; et al. (March 2004). "From "Hindu Growth" to Productivity Surge: The Mystery of the Indian Growth Transition" (PDF). National Bureau of Economic Research. Retrieved 23 March 2016.
  12. ^ "United Nations Statistics Division - National Accounts". unstats.un.org.
  13. ^ "GDP (current US$) | Data". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 2 July 2021.
  14. ^ "GDP-Countries-List". tradingeconomics.com. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
  15. ^ "GDP: Preliminary Estimate for 2021 Q3, and outlook for 2021-22" (PDF). eng.stat.gov.tw. Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics. Retrieved 20 January 2022.
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