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| [[Trent Reznor]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Nine Inch Nails {{!}} Rock & Roll Hall of Fame |url=https://www.rockhall.com/nine-inch-nails |website=www.rockhall.com |accessdate=15 January 2020}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 13:43, 26 January 2020
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, established in 1983 and located in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, is dedicated to recording the history of some of the best-known and most influential musicians, bands, producers, and others that have in some major way influenced the music industry, particularly in the area of rock and roll.[1] Originally, there were four categories of induction: performers, non-performers, early influences, and lifetime achievement. In 2000, "sidemen" was introduced as a category.
The only category that has seen new inductees every single year is the performers category. Artists become eligible for induction in that category 25 years after the release of their first record.[2] In order to be inducted, an artist must be nominated by a committee that selects a number of candidates, the highest being 16 for the 2020 class. Ballots are then sent to more than 1,000 "rock experts" who evaluate the candidates and vote on who should be inducted. The performers that receive the highest number of votes are inducted. This number varies; for example, seven were inducted in 2019. Starting in 2012, fans could vote on a fan ballot with an equal weight to the other ballots.[2] As of 2017[update], new inductees will be honored at an annual ceremony held alternately in New York and at the Hall of Fame in Cleveland; prior to that, the ceremonies rotated between Cleveland, New York, and Los Angeles.[3]
The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame has garnered criticism for allegedly allowing the nomination process to be controlled by a few individuals,[4] nominating too many artists in too many genres that are not entirely rock,[5] ignoring entire rock genres,[6] and using technicalities to induct groups who may not have been among the top vote getters.[7] The Sex Pistols, who were inducted in 2006, refused to attend the ceremony; John Lydon writing a note, read out by Jann Wenner, calling the museum a "piss stain."[8][9]
Inductees
Performers
The performers category is meant for recording artists and bands that have "influence and significance to the development and perpetuation of rock and roll."[2]
^ Note 1. These backing bands were inducted by a separate committee, and not by the ballot voting used for all other performer inductees.
^ Note 2. This artist was later inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame after inducting someone else.
^ Note 3. This artist was already a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame when they inducted someone else.
^ Note 4. Dire Straits were the first artist in the hall's history to not have an official induction speaker. Band member John Illsley did the induction speech himself.[141]
^ Note 5. John Gustafson was originally included among the list of inducted members for Roxy Music; however, his name was dropped in the final list.
^ Note 6. In 2012, six additional bands and groups were inducted as performers by a special committee, due to the controversial nature of their band being excluded when their lead singer was inducted. "There was a lot of discussion about this," said Terry Stewart, a member of the nominating committee. "There had always been conversations about why the groups weren't included when the lead singers were inducted. Very honestly, nobody could really answer that question – it was so long ago... We decided we'd sit down as an organization and look at that. This is the result."[142]
Early influences
Artists inducted into the early influences category are those "whose music predated rock and roll but had an impact on the evolution of rock and roll and inspired rock's leading artists."[2] Unlike the performers category, these inductees are selected by a committee.[2]
Year | Name |
---|---|
1986 | Jimmie Rodgers |
1986 | Jimmy Yancey |
1986 | Robert Johnson |
1987 | Louis Jordan |
1987 | T-Bone Walker |
1987 | Hank Williams |
1988 | Woody Guthrie |
1988 | Lead Belly |
1988 | Les Paul |
1989 | The Ink Spots[A] |
1989 | Bessie Smith |
1989 | The Soul Stirrers[B] |
1990 | Charlie Christian |
1990 | Louis Armstrong |
1990 | Ma Rainey |
1991 | Howlin' Wolf |
1992 | Elmore James |
1992 | Professor Longhair |
1993 | Dinah Washington |
1994 | Willie Dixon |
1995 | The Orioles[C] |
1996 | Pete Seeger |
1997 | Mahalia Jackson |
1997 | Bill Monroe |
1998 | Jelly Roll Morton |
1999 | Bob Wills & His Texas Playboys[D] |
1999 | Charles Brown |
2000 | Nat King Cole |
2000 | Billie Holiday |
2009 | Wanda Jackson |
2012 | Freddie King[E] |
2015 | The "5" Royales[E][F] |
2018 | Sister Rosetta Tharpe[E] |
^ A. Inducted members: Bill Kenny, Charlie Fuqua, Deek Watson, Jerry Daniels, and Orville "Hoppy" Jones.[143]
^ B. Inducted members: Roy Crain Sr., R. H. Harris, Jesse Farley, and E. A. Rundless.[144]
^ C. Inducted members: Sonny Til, Tommy Gaither, George Nelson, Johnny Reed, and Alexander Sharp.[145]
^ D. Inducted members: Bob Wills, Tommy Duncan, Leon McAuliffe, Johnny Gimble, Joe "Jody" Holley, Tiny Moore, Herb Remington, Eldon Shamblin, and Al Stricklin.[146]
^ E. Nominated as a performer.
^ F. Inducted members: John L. Tanner, Eugene Tanner, James E. Moore, Obadiah H. Carter and Lowman Pauling, Jr[147]
Non-performers (Ahmet Ertegun Award)
The non-performer category honors "songwriters, producers, disc jockeys, record executives, journalists and other industry professionals who have had a major influence on the development of rock and roll."[2] Several of the inductees in this category were in fact prominent performers as well. The inductees in this category are selected by the same committee that chooses the early influences.[2] This category has been criticized for inducting those that have "been coming to the dinner for years and paying for their tickets" and not revealing their full criteria.[148] In 2008, this category was renamed the "Ahmet Ertegün Award".[149]
Year | Name |
---|---|
1986 | Alan Freed |
1986 | Sam Phillips |
1987 | Leonard Chess |
1987 | Ahmet Ertegun |
1987 | Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller |
1987 | Jerry Wexler |
1988 | Berry Gordy, Jr. |
1989 | Phil Spector |
1990 | Gerry Goffin and Carole King |
1990 | Holland–Dozier–Holland |
1991 | Dave Bartholomew |
1991 | Ralph Bass |
1992 | Leo Fender |
1992 | Bill Graham |
1992 | Doc Pomus |
1993 | Dick Clark |
1993 | Milt Gabler |
1994 | Johnny Otis |
1995 | Paul Ackerman |
1996 | Tom Donahue |
1997 | Syd Nathan |
1998 | Allen Toussaint |
1999 | George Martin |
2000 | Clive Davis |
2001 | Chris Blackwell |
2002 | Jim Stewart |
2003 | Mo Ostin |
2008 | Kenny Gamble and Leon Huff |
2010 | David Geffen |
2010 | Otis Blackwell |
2010 | Jeff Barry and Ellie Greenwich |
2010 | Mort Shuman |
2010 | Jesse Stone |
2010 | Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil |
2011 | Jac Holzman |
2011 | Art Rupe |
2012 | Don Kirshner |
2013 | Lou Adler |
2013 | Quincy Jones |
2014 | Brian Epstein |
2014 | Andrew Loog Oldham |
2016 | Bert Berns |
2020 | Irving Azoff |
2020 | Jon Landau |
Award for Musical Excellence
This category, which replaced sidemen, "honors those musicians, producers and others who have spent their careers out of the spotlight working with major artists on various parts of their recording and live careers."
Year | Name |
---|---|
2011 | Leon Russell |
2012 | Cosimo Matassa |
2012 | Tom Dowd |
2012 | Glyn Johns |
2014 | E Street Band [G] |
2015 | Ringo Starr |
2017 | Nile Rodgers[150] |
^ G. Inducted members: Garry Tallent, Roy Bittan, Max Weinberg, Steven Van Zandt, Nils Lofgren, Patti Scialfa, Clarence Clemons, Danny Federici, Vini Lopez, David Sancious.
Singles
At the 2018 ceremony, a new induction category for singles was announced by Steven Van Zandt.[151] According to Van Zandt, the category is "a recognition of the excellence of the singles that shaped rock 'n' roll, kind of a rock 'n' roll jukebox, records by artists not in the Rock Hall -- which is not to say these artists will never be in the Rock Hall. They just are not in the Rock Hall at the moment."[151] However, The Isley Brothers, whose song "Twist and Shout" was inducted in 2019, were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as performers in 1992.
Year | Artist | Song (Year) |
---|---|---|
2018 | Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats | "Rocket 88" (1951)[152] |
Link Wray | "Rumble" (1958)[152] | |
Chubby Checker | "The Twist" (1960)[152] | |
The Kingsmen | "Louie Louie" (1963)[152] | |
Procol Harum | "A Whiter Shade of Pale" (1967)[152] | |
Steppenwolf | "Born to Be Wild" (1968)[152] | |
2019 | The Chantels | "Maybe" (1957)[153] |
The Champs | "Tequila" (1958)[153] | |
Barrett Strong | "Money (That's What I Want)" (1959)[153] | |
The Isley Brothers | "Twist and Shout" (1962)[153] | |
The Shangri-Las | "Leader of the Pack" (1964)[153] | |
The Shadows of Knight | "Gloria" (1965)[153] |
Sidemen
Established in 2000, the sidemen category "honors those musicians who have spent their careers out of the spotlight, performing as backup musicians for major artists on recording sessions and in concert." A separate committee, composed mainly of producers, chooses the inductees.[2] In 2010, the category was renamed to "Award for Musical Excellence". According to Joel Peresman, the president of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Foundation, "This award gives us flexibility to dive into some things and recognize some people who might not ordinarily get recognized."[154]
Year | Name | Instrument |
---|---|---|
2000 | Hal Blaine | Drums[155] |
2000 | King Curtis | Saxophone[156] |
2000 | James Jamerson | Bass guitar[157] |
2000 | Scotty Moore | Guitar[158] |
2000 | Earl Palmer | Drums[159] |
2001 | James Burton | Guitar[160] |
2001 | Johnnie Johnson | Piano[161] |
2002 | Chet Atkins | Guitar[162] |
2003 | Benny Benjamin | Drums[163] |
2003 | Floyd Cramer | Piano[164] |
2003 | Steve Douglas | Saxophone[165] |
2008 | Little Walter | Harmonica[166] |
2009 | Bill Black | Bass guitar[167] |
2009 | D. J. Fontana | Drums[168] |
2009 | Spooner Oldham | Keyboard[169] |
Lifetime achievement
The following were inducted for "Lifetime Achievement in the Non-Performer Category."[2]
Year | Name |
---|---|
1986 | John Hammond |
1991 | Nesuhi Ertegun |
2004 | Jann Wenner |
2005 | Frank Barsalona |
2005 | Seymour Stein |
2006 | Herb Alpert and Jerry Moss |
Multiple inductees
As of 2019, 23 performers have been inducted twice or more; fourteen have been recognized as a solo artist and with a band and seven have been inducted with two separate bands. Eric Clapton is the only one to be inducted three times: as a solo artist, with Cream and with The Yardbirds.[170] Clyde McPhatter was the first to ever be inducted twice and is one of three artists to be inducted first as a solo artist and then as a member of a band, the other artists being Neil Young and Rod Stewart. Stephen Stills is the only artist to be inducted twice in the same year.
Crosby, Stills & Nash, inducted in 1997, is the only band to see all of its inducted members be inducted with other acts: David Crosby with The Byrds in 1991, Stephen Stills with Buffalo Springfield in 1997, and Graham Nash with The Hollies in 2010. The Beatles, inducted in 1988, is the second band to have all of its members be inducted twice, as well as the only band to have each of its members be inducted for their solo careers as their second induction. Ringo Starr is the first inductee to be inducted twice in different categories (The Beatles were inducted in the performers category in 1988 and Starr was inducted as a solo artist in the Award for Musical Excellence category in 2015). He also holds the record for the longest time between first and second inductions, at 27 years. Both of Stills' inductions happened during the 1997 ceremony and Clapton and McPhatter were inducted in back-to-back years (1987/88 for McPhatter, 1992/93 for Clapton, as well as his solo induction in 2000).
There are several performers who were inducted with one (or more) of the bands they played for, but were not inducted as members of one (or more) other bands. For example, Neil Young was inducted with Buffalo Springfield and as a solo artist, but was left out when Crosby, Stills & Nash were inducted.
In 2019, Stevie Nicks became the first woman to be inducted twice, after having been inducted with Fleetwood Mac in 1998 and for her solo career in 2019.[171]
Name | First | Year | Second | Year | Third | Year | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jeff Beck | The Yardbirds | 1992 | Solo career | 2009 | — | — | |
Johnny Carter | The Flamingos | 2001 | The Dells | 2004 | — | — | |
Eric Clapton | The Yardbirds | 1992 | Cream | 1993 | Solo career | 2000 | |
David Crosby | The Byrds | 1991 | Crosby, Stills & Nash | 1997 | — | — | |
Peter Gabriel | Genesis | 2010 | Solo career | 2014 | — | — | |
File:George-Harrison-playing.jpg | George Harrison | The Beatles | 1988 | Solo career | 2004 | — | — |
Michael Jackson | The Jackson Five | 1997 | Solo career | 2001 | — | — | |
John Lennon | The Beatles | 1988 | Solo career | 1994 | — | — | |
Curtis Mayfield | The Impressions | 1991 | Solo career | 1999 | — | — | |
Paul McCartney | The Beatles | 1988 | Solo career | 1999 | — | — | |
Clyde McPhatter | Solo career | 1987 | The Drifters | 1988 | — | — | |
Graham Nash | Crosby, Stills & Nash | 1997 | The Hollies | 2010 | — | — | |
Stevie Nicks | Fleetwood Mac | 1998 | Solo career | 2019 | — | — | |
Jimmy Page | The Yardbirds | 1992 | Led Zeppelin | 1995 | — | — | |
Lou Reed | The Velvet Underground | 1996 | Solo career | 2015 | — | — | |
Gregg Rolie | Santana | 1998 | Journey | 2017 | — | — | |
Paul Simon | Simon and Garfunkel | 1990 | Solo career | 2001 | — | — | |
Ringo Starr | The Beatles | 1988 | Award For Musical Excellence, Solo career | 2015 | — | — | |
Rod Stewart | Solo career | 1994 | Faces | 2012 | — | — | |
Stephen Stills | Buffalo Springfield | 1997 | Crosby, Stills & Nash | 1997 | — | — | |
Sammy Strain | The O'Jays | 2005 | Little Anthony & The Imperials | 2009 | — | — | |
Ronnie Wood | The Rolling Stones | 1989 | Faces | 2012 | — | — | |
Neil Young | Solo career | 1995 | Buffalo Springfield | 1997 | — | — |
Nominated artists
The following artists have been nominated at least once for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, but have yet to be selected as an inductee.
^ H. Band member Nile Rodgers was inducted as an Award for Music Excellence recipient in 2017.
^ I. Band members Clyde McPhatter and Jackie Wilson were both inducted as solo artists in 1987, and McPhatter was inducted a second time as a member of the Drifters in 1988.
^ J. In addition to this nomination for his solo career, Ben E. King was inducted as a member of The Drifters in 1988.
^ K. In addition to this nomination for her recording career, Carole King was inducted as a non-performer in 1990 for her songwriting partnership with Gerry Goffin.
^ L. In 2020, the band was nominated as "Rufus featuring Chaka Khan."
^ M. In addition to this nomination for his solo career, Sting was inducted as a member of The Police in 2003.
^ N. In addition to this nomination for his solo career, Steve Winwood was inducted as a member of Traffic in 2004.
References
- ^ "Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Inductees". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Induction Process". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved October 20, 2019.
- ^ Smith, Troy L. (April 8, 2016). "Cleveland will host Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Ceremony every two years". The Plain Dealer. Retrieved April 9, 2016.
- ^ Friedman, Roger (April 4, 2001). "Rock Hall of Fame Fallout: 'There Is Resentment Building Up". Fox News. Archived from the original on January 15, 2008. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
- ^ Selvin, Joel (November 14, 2007). "View: Rock and Roll Hall offers lackluster candidates". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
- ^ Sinkevics, John (March 11, 2007). "Hall voters' bias leaves prog-rock out – again". The Grand Rapids Press. Archived from the original on November 28, 2007.
- ^ Friedman, Roger (March 14, 2007). "Rock Hall Voting Scandal: Rock Group Actually Won". SexFox News. Archived from the original on December 22, 2007. Retrieved January 4, 2008.
- ^ "The 10 Most COntroversial Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Moments". billboard.com.
- ^ "Were not coming. Were not your monkey and so what?" (sic) Official announcement from the Sex Pistols regarding the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on February 24, 2006
- ^ "Rock and Roll Hall of Famers". Future Rock Legends. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
- ^ "The Everly Brothers". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved June 7, 2007.
- ^ "The Coasters". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
- ^ "The Beach Boys". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
- ^ "The Beatles". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
- ^ "The Drifters". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
- ^ "The Supremes". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
- ^ "The Rolling Stones". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
- ^ "The Temptations". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
- ^ "The Four Seasons". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "The Four Tops". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "The Kinks". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "The Platters". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "Simon & Garfunkel". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "The Who". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "The Byrds". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "The Impressions". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "Ike & Tina Turner". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "Booker T. & The M.G.'s". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "The Isley Brothers". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "The Jimi Hendrix Experience". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "Sam & Dave". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "The Yardbirds". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "Cream". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Creedence Clearwater Revival". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Doors". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Frankie Lymon & The Teenagers". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Sly & The Family Stone". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Animals". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Band". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Grateful Dead". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Allman Brothers Band". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Led Zeppelin". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Martha & The Vandellas". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Gladys Knight & the Pips". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Jefferson Airplane". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Pink Floyd". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Shirelles". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Velvet Underground". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Bee Gees". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Buffalo Springfield". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Crosby, Stills & Nash". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Jackson Five". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Parliament-Funkadelic". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Rascals". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Eagles". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Fleetwood Mac". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Mamas & The Papas". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Santana". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Staple Singers". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ a b c Soeder, John (September 22, 1999). "Canton's O'Jays, Aerosmith among Rock Hall finalists". The Plain Dealer. p. 1.
- ^ "Aerosmith". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Flamingos". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Queen". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Steely Dan". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Ramones". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Talking Heads". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "AC/DC". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Clash". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "Elvis Costello & the Attractions". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Police". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Righteous Brothers". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 2, 2008.
- ^ "The Dells". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "Traffic". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "ZZ Top". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "The O'Jays". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "The Pretenders". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "U2". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "Black Sabbath". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "Blondie". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "Lynyrd Skynyrd". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "Sex Pistols". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "Grandmaster Flash and The Furious Five". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "R.E.M." Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "The Ronettes". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "Van Halen". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
- ^ "The Dave Clark Five". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2008. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "The Ventures". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2008. Retrieved January 1, 2008.
- ^ "Little Anthony and the Imperials". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2009. Retrieved February 10, 2009.
- ^ "Metallica". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2009. Retrieved February 10, 2009.
- ^ "Run-D.M.C." Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2009. Retrieved February 10, 2009.
- ^ "ABBA". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2010. Retrieved March 13, 2010.
- ^ "Genesis". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2010. Retrieved March 13, 2010.
- ^ "The Hollies". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2010. Retrieved March 13, 2010.
- ^ "The Stooges". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2010. Retrieved March 13, 2010.
- ^ "Alice Cooper Band". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2010. Retrieved December 15, 2010.
- ^ "Beastie Boys". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2012. Retrieved April 10, 2012.
- ^ "The Blue Caps". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2012. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
- ^ "The Comets". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2012. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
- ^ "The Crickets". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2012. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
- ^ "The Famous Flames". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2012. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
- ^ "Guns N' Roses". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2012. Retrieved April 10, 2012.
- ^ "The Midnighters". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2012. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
- ^ "The Miracles". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2012. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
- ^ "Red Hot Chili Peppers". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2012. Retrieved April 10, 2012.
- ^ "The Small Faces/Faces". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2012. Retrieved April 10, 2012.
- ^ "Heart". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2013. Retrieved April 10, 2013.
- ^ "Public Enemy". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2013. Retrieved April 10, 2013.
- ^ "Rush". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2013. Retrieved April 10, 2013.
- ^ "Daryl Hall and John Oates". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
- ^ "Kiss". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
- ^ "Nirvana". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
- ^ "The Paul Butterfield Blues Band". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
- ^ "Joan Jett & the Blackhearts". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
- ^ "Lou Reed". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
- ^ "Green Day". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
- ^ "Stevie Ray Vaughan & Double Trouble". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
- ^ "Cheap Trick". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
- ^ "Chicago". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
- ^ "Deep Purple". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
- ^ "N.W.A". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
- ^ "Electric Light Orchestra". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2016. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
- ^ "Journey". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2016. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
- ^ "Pearl Jam". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2016. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
- ^ "Yes". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2016. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
- ^ "Bon Jovi". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2017. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
- ^ "The Cars". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2017. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
- ^ "Dire Straits". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2017. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
- ^ "The Moody Blues". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2017. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
- ^ "The Cure". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2019. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
- ^ "Def Leppard". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2019. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
- ^ "Radiohead". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2019. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
- ^ "Roxy Music". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2019. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
- ^ "The Zombies". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. 2019. Retrieved December 13, 2018.
- ^ "Depeche Mode | Rock & Roll Hall of Fame". www.rockhall.com. Retrieved January 15, 2020.
- ^ "The Doobie Brothers | Rock & Roll Hall of Fame". www.rockhall.com. Retrieved January 15, 2020.
- ^ "Whitney Houston | Rock & Roll Hall of Fame". www.rockhall.com. Retrieved January 15, 2020.
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External links