Shepherd's pie
 An example of cottage pie, made with minced beef | |
| Alternative names | Shepherd's pie |
|---|---|
| Type | Meat pie |
| Place of origin | UK, Ireland |
| Main ingredients | mashed potatoes |
| Variations | Cumberland pie, Shepherdess pie |
Cottage pie or shepherd's pie is a meat pie with a crust of mashed potato.[1][2][3][4][5]
Etymology
The term cottage pie was in use by 1791,[2][6] when the potato was being introduced as an edible crop affordable for the poor (cf. "cottage" meaning a modest dwelling for rural workers).
History
In early cookery books, the dish was a means of using leftover roasted meat of any kind, and the pie dish was lined with mashed potato as well as having a mashed potato crust on top.[7][8]
The term "shepherd's pie" did not appear until 1877,[2] and since then it has been used synonymously with "cottage pie", regardless of whether the principal ingredient was beef or mutton.[1][4][9][7][8][10][11] More recently, some people have used the term "shepherd's pie" when the meat is lamb,[12][13] the theory being that shepherds are concerned with sheep[14] and not cattle[15][16][17] (see folk etymology).
Variations
- A St. Stephen's Day pie is made using turkey and ham.[18]
- The Cumberland pie is a version with a layer of breadcrumb on top.[19]
- A similar English dish made with fish is a fish pie.
See also
- Antoine-Augustin Parmentier
- Corned beef pie
- Pot pie
- Tourtiere
- British cuisine
- Irish cuisine
- List of Irish dishes
- List of pies, tarts and flans
References
- ^ a b The Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, 1933
- ^ a b c Merriam-Webster Online
- ^ "The Chambers Dictionary", Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 1999
- ^ a b Concise Oxford English Dictionary, Eleventh Edition (Revised), Oxford University Press, 2006
- ^ "Jewish Cookery by Florence Greenberg", Penguin Books Ltd, 1947–1963
- ^ http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/42456?redirectedFrom=cottage+pie#eid8036473
- ^ a b Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management by Isabella Beeton, 1861.
- ^ a b Cassell's New Universal Cookery Book by Lizzie Heritage published by Cassell and Company, 1894
- ^ The Glutton's Glossary: A Dictionary of Food and Drink Terms. Routledge. 1990. Retrieved 20 January 2009.
- ^ The Constance Spry Cookery Book by Constance Spry and Rosemary Hume, J M Dent & Sons, 1956
- ^ Chambers Dictionary, Ninth Edition, published by Chambers Harrap Publishing Ltd, 2003
- ^ "Delia Smith: Shepherds Pie with Crusted Leeks". Retrieved 24 January 2009.
- ^ "BBC Food Recipes: Shepherd's Pie". Retrieved 1 October 2011.
- ^ "Shepherds' Pie and Cottage Pie". Retrieved 24 January 2009.
- ^ "Comments on what kind of lamb for Shepherd's Pie". Retrieved 11 February 2009.
- ^ "Comments on Low Fat Shepherd's Pie recipe". Retrieved 11 February 2009.
- ^ "BBC Food Recipes: Classic cottage pie". Retrieved 1 October 2011.
- ^ St Stephen's Day pie
- ^ "What is Cumberland Pie?". Retrieved 6 December 2010.
