1822 in the United Kingdom
 1822 in the United Kingdom
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Events from the year 1822 in the United Kingdom.
Incumbents
- Monarch – George IV
- Prime Minister – Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (Tory)
- Parliament – 7th
Events
- 15 January – HM Treasury directs that the Preventive Water Guard, Revenue cruisers and Riding officers should all be placed under the authority of the Board of Customs as HM Coast Guard.[1]
- 23 May – HMS Comet launched at Deptford Dockyard, the first steamboat commissioned by the Royal Navy.
- 3 July – Charles Babbage publishes a proposal for a "difference engine", a forerunner of the modern computer for calculating logarithms and trigonometric functions. Construction of an operational version will proceed under Government sponsorship 1823–32 but it will never be completed.[2]
- 8 July – the Chippewa turn over a huge tract of land in Ontario to the British.[3]
- 22 July – an Act to Prevent the Cruel and Improper Treatment of Cattle ("Martin's Act"), one of the first pieces of animal rights legislation,[4] is passed to regulate treatment of cows, horses and sheep.
- 31 July – last public whipping in Edinburgh.
- 12 August – St David's College (now the University of Wales, Lampeter) is founded by Thomas Burgess, Bishop of St David's.
- 15–29 August – visit of King George IV to Scotland,[5] first appearance of the monarch there since 1651.
- 22 August – English ship Orion lands at Yerba Buena, now named San Francisco, under the command of William A. Richardson
- 16 September – George Canning appointed British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.
- 21 September – HMS Confiance, a Royal Navy Cruizer class brig-sloop of 1813, is wrecked off Mizen Head in Ireland with the loss of all 100 aboard.[6]
- 20 October – The New Observer newspaper becomes The Sunday Times.[7]
- 23–24 October – the Caledonian Canal, engineered by Thomas Telford, is opened throughout, linking the east and west coasts of Scotland through the Great Glen.[8]
- 27 November – outside Newgate Prison in London, William Reading becomes the last person to be hanged for shoplifting.[9]
Unknown dates
- Hieroglyphs deciphered by Thomas Young and Jean-François Champollion using the Rosetta Stone.
- A fossil Iguanodon tooth is discovered by Gideon Mantell and his wife Mary in West Sussex; in 1825 it will be the first fossil to be recognised as that of a dinosaur.[10]
- The Royal Academy of Music is established in London.
- Construction of the Royal Pavilion in Brighton is completed.
- Stonemason John Mowlem establishes contracting firm Mowlem.
Publications
- John C. Loudon's The Encyclopædia of Gardening.
- Sir Walter Scott's novels The Pirate and The Fortunes of Nigel.
- Alexander Jamieson's A Celestial Atlas.
Births
- 10 February – Eliza Lynn Linton, English novelist and journalist (died 1898)
- 13 February – James B. Beck, Scottish-born United States Senator from Kentucky from 1877 to 1890 (died 1890 in the United States)
- 16 February – Sir Francis Galton, English explorer and biologist (died 1911)
- 5 May – Sir Harry Flashman, English soldier notorious for his heroic acts, even if he didn't do then... (died 1915)
- 8 April – stillborn twin sons to the Duke of Clarence and Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen[11]
- 18 July – Augusta of Cambridge, Hanoverian princess (died 1916)
- 1 November – Sir Sydney Waterlow, English businessman, politician and philanthropist (died 1906)
- 6 December – Mary Colton, Australian philanthropist and suffragist (died 1898)[12]
- 24 December – Matthew Arnold, English poet (died 1888)
Deaths
- January – John Julius Angerstein, merchant, insurer and art collector (born 1735)
- 15 January – John Aikin, physician and writer (born 1747)
- 24 February – Thomas Coutts, banker (born 1735)
- 8 March – Christopher Wyvill, cleric, landowner and political reformer (born 1740)
- 8 July – Percy Bysshe Shelley, poet (born 1792)
- 12 August – Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, Foreign Secretary (suicide) (born 1769)
- 25 August – William Herschel, astronomer (born 1738 in Hanover)
See also
References
- ^ Lewis, Michael (1965). The Navy in Transition, 1814–1864: a social history. London: Hodder & Stoughton. pp. 89–90.
- ^ Hyman, Anthony (1982). Charles Babbage: pioneer of the computer. Oxford University Press. p. 51ff. ISBN 0-19-858170-X.
- ^ "Treaty Timeline". Archived from the original on 11 December 2006. Retrieved 13 January 2007.
- ^ Blackstone, William; Stewart, James (1839). The Rights of Persons, according to the text of Blackstone: incorporating the alterations down to the present time. p. 79.
- ^ Prebble, John (1988). The King's Jaunt: George IV in Scotland, August 1822 'One and Twenty Daft Days'. London: Collins. ISBN 0-00-215404-8.
- ^ Gossett, William Patrick (1986). The Lost Ships of the Royal Navy, 1793–1900. London: Mansell. p. 100. ISBN 0-7201-1816-6.
- ^ "Concise History of the British Newspaper in the Nineteenth Century". Archived from the original on 24 February 2008. Retrieved 17 March 2008.
- ^ Lindsay, Jean (1968). The Canals of Scotland. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-4240-1.
- ^ "Timeline of capital punishment in Britain". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ Dean, Dennis R. (1999). Gideon Mantell and the Discovery of Dinosaurs. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-42048-2.
- ^ Ziegler, Philip (1971). King William IV. London: Collins. pp. 126–7. ISBN 0-00-211934-X.
- ^ Jones, Helen. "Colton, Mary (1822–1898)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography at the Australian National University. Retrieved 29 December 2019.