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São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport

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São Paulo/Guarulhos–Governador André Franco Montoro International Airport

Aeroporto Internacional de São Paulo/Guarulhos–Governador André Franco Montoro
Summary
Airport typePublic/Military
OperatorInfraero, Invepar- Airports Company South Africa
ServesSão Paulo
LocationGuarulhos, Brazil
Hub forGol Airlines
TAM Airlines
Elevation AMSL750 m / 2,459 ft
WebsiteInfraero GRU
Map
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Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
09R/27L 3,000 9,843 Asphalt
09L/27R 3,700 12,139 Asphalt
Statistics (2011)
Passengers29,964,108
Aircraft operations270,601
Metric tonnes of cargo465,256
Statistics: Infraero[1]
Sources: Airport Website,[2] ANAC[3]

São Paulo/Guarulhos–Governador André Franco Montoro International Airport (IATA: GRU, ICAO: SBGR), formerly called Cumbica Airport after the district where it is located and the Air Force Base that still exists at the airport complex, is the main airport serving São Paulo, Brazil. It is located in the adjoining municipality of Guarulhos in Greater São Paulo. Since November 28, 2001 the airport is named after André Franco Montoro (1916–1999), former Governor of São Paulo.[4]

In 2011 the airport was ranked 1st in terms of transported passengers, aircraft operations, and cargo handled in Brazil, placing it amongst the busiest airports in the country.[5] However, Guarulhos was also rated third place in most flight delays among major world airports by Forbes magazine in January 2008,[6] and in 2011, according to the National Civil Aviation Agency of Brazil, 25% of the flights left with delays greater than 15 minutes.[7] Guarulhos has slot restrictions operating with a maximum of 45 operations/hour, being one of the three airports with such restrictions in Brazil.[8]

It is operated by Infraero and some of its facilities are shared with the São Paulo Air Force Base of the Brazilian Air Force.

History

On June 6, 1967, in response the growth of the air traffic in Brazil, the Brazilian military government initiated studies concerning the renovation of the airport infrastructure in Brazil. As part of the conclusions of these studies, because of their location, strategic importance, and security issues, new passenger facilities would be constructed in the areas of Galeão Air Force Base in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo Air Force Base in São Paulo.

In relation to São Paulo, the initial planning of the airport involved 3 runways and 4 passenger terminals. However, the first phase of the construction comprising two runways and two terminals started only on August 11, 1980. The airport was officially inaugurated on January 20, 1985. Quickly Guarulhos became the city's primary airport, supplanting São Paulo-Congonhas Airport.

In 1989 the runways were extended and the terminals renovated, enlarged, and had their capacity increased from 7.5 million to 8.25 million passengers/year. The whole complex has 3,425 acres (14 km²), of which 5 km² is urbanized area.

Since 2001 the construction of terminal 3, capable of handling 12 million passengers/year has been planned but due to a myriad of political and economic problems, only in 2011 the actual construction began.

In 2010, the airport served more than 26.8 million passengers, an increase of 24% over 2009 and passenger volumes were 31% in excess of its capacity rated at 20.5 million per year at its present configuration.[1]

In order to relieve the acute overcrowding at Terminals 1 and 2, Infraero announced on May 17, 2011 that the former cargo terminals of defunct airlines VASP and Transbrasil, later used by Federal Agencies, would undergo renovations and adaptations for use as domestic-only passenger terminals with remote-only positions. This new terminal is now called Terminal 4 (T4).[9] The first phase of the renovations, comprising the former VASP terminal, opened on February 8, 2012,[10][11] and the second phase, comprising the former Transbrasil terminal, will open by December 2012. Contrary to the announced before, T4 will be of permanent use. Webjet is the first airline to use the new facility.[12] The new terminal, in its first phase, increased the capacity of the airport in 5.5 million passengers/year and, in the second phase it will increase to 8 million passengers/year. In total, Guarulhos will then be able to handle 28.5 million passengers/year.[13]

Following a decision made on April 26, 2011 by the Federal Government for private companies being granted concessions to explore some Infraero airports,[14] on February 6, 2012, the administration of the airport was conceded, for 20 years, to the Consortium Invepar-ACSA composed by the Brazilian Invepar, an Investments and Funds Society (90%) and the South African ACSA – Airports Company South Africa (10%).[15] Infraero, the state-run organization, will remain with 49% of the shares of the company incorporated for the administration.[16][17]

The Tropic of Capricorn passes directly through the southern tip of the airport.[18]

Facilities

GRU has two parallel runways. Runway 9R/27L is 9,843 feet long and 148 feet wide, while Runway 9L/27R is 12,140 feet long and 148 feet wide [19]. The field elevation at the Airport is 2,459 feet above mean sea level [20]. There are high speed exit taxiways on both runways that allow for traffic to depart the Runway at a higher rate of speed to allow better efficiency for landing and takeoff traffic. Right now, there is an average of 650 takeoff and landing operations at the Airport [21].

There are two navigational aids that GRU traffic uses. The Bonsucesso very high frequency omnidirectional range with distance measuring equipment (VOR-DME) is located 4.9 nautical miles to the east of GRU [22]. The Terminal is split into two: TPS1 and TPS2 [23]. As you can see in Exhibit 1, there are two main terminals with piers coming out of each one. Because the two are connected, transferring between the two is easy. There are about “260 check-in counters” and “370 companies established there generating about 53,000 jobs [24].


Future developments

Panoramic view of the airport

On 31 August 2009, Infraero unveiled a BRL1,489.5 million (USD784.7 million; EUR549.8 million) investment plan to upgrade Guarulhos International Airport, focusing on preparations for the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the Summer Olympics in 2016 which will be held in Brazil, São Paulo being one of the venue cities. The investment will be distributed as follows:[25]

  • Construction of further taxiways. Value 19M. Completion: April 2011 (work not yet completed in August 2011).
  • Enlargement of apron and taxiways. Value 370.5M. Completion: July 2011 (work not yet completed in August 2011).
  • Construction of passenger Terminal 3. Value 1,100M. Completion: March 2014.

Central to this investment plan is Terminal 3, which is projected to add 12 million passenger capacity to the 17 million of the existing two terminals. Plans for a third runway were pronounced to be "technically impracticable" and were cancelled in January 2008.

A train service development and construction has also been given high priority. This include an Airport Express Line linking the airport to downtown São Paulo and a Rio–São Paulo high-speed rail connecting Guarulhos to Rio de Janeiro-Galeão and Campinas-Viracopos airports.[26]

Statistics

Year 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004
Passengers 29,964,108 26,849,185 21,727,649 20,997,813 19,560,963 16,580,842 16,855,026 12,940,193
Cargo (t) 465,255 384,587 351,788 425,884 424,157 419,848 470,944 435,594

Terminals, airlines and destinations

Passenger

AirlinesDestinationsTerminal/
Wing
Aerolíneas Argentinas Buenos Aires-Aeroparque, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza 1A
Aerolíneas Argentinas operated by Austral Líneas Aéreas Buenos Aires-Aeroparque 1A
Aeroméxico Mexico City 1A
Air Canada Toronto-Pearson 2D
Air China Beijing-Capital, Madrid 1B
Air France Paris-Charles de Gaulle 1A
Alitalia Rome-Fiumicino 1A
American Airlines Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami, New York-JFK 2D
Avianca Bogotá 1A
Avianca Brazil Belo Horizonte-Confins, Brasília, Campo Grande, Cuiabá, Curitiba-Afonso Pena, Florianópolis, Juazeiro do Norte, Natal, Passo Fundo, Petrolina, Porto Alegre, Recife, Rio de Janeiro-Galeão, Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont, Salvador da Bahia 1B
Boliviana de Aviación Cochabamba, Santa Cruz de la Sierra-Viru Viru 2D
British Airways London-Heathrow 1A
Copa Airlines Panama City 2D
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Detroit, New York-JFK 1A
Emirates Dubai 2D
Gol Airlines Aracaju, Asunción, Belém-Val de Cães, Belo Horizonte-Confins, Brasília, Buenos Aires-Aeroparque, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza, Campo Grande, Caxias do Sul, Cuiabá, Curitiba-Afonso Pena, Florianópolis, Fortaleza, Foz do Iguaçu, Goiânia, Ilhéus, João Pessoa, Macapá, Maceió, Manaus, Maringá, Montevideo, Natal, Navegantes, Petrolina, Porto Alegre, Porto Seguro, Porto Velho, Recife, Rio de Janeiro-Galeão, Salvador da Bahia, Santa Cruz de la Sierra-Viru Viru, Santiago de Chile, São Luís, Teresina, Vitória 2C
Gol Airlines operated by Varig Aruba, Barbados, Caracas, Miami [begins July 7, 2012][27], Punta Cana, Rio de Janeiro-Galeão 2C
Iberia Barcelona, Madrid 1A
KLM Amsterdam 1A
Korean Air Los Angeles, Seoul-Incheon 1A
LAN Airlines Santiago de Chile 2D
LAN Argentina Buenos Aires-Aeroparque 2D
LAN Perú Lima 2D
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich 2D
Passaredo Linhas Aéreas Cuiabá, Fortaleza, Goiânia, Ji-Paraná, Juazeiro do Norte, Palmas, Ribeirão Preto, Rondonópolis, Salvador da Bahia, São José do Rio Preto, Uberlândia 2C
PLUNA Montevideo
Seasonal: Punta del Este 		2C
Qatar Airways Buenos Aires-Ezeiza, Doha 2D
Singapore Airlines Barcelona, Singapore 1A
South African Airways Johannesburg 2D
Swiss International Air Lines Zürich 2D
TAAG Angola Airlines Luanda 2D
TACA Perú Lima 2D
TAM Airlines Aracaju, Belém-Val de Cães, Belo Horizonte-Confins, Boa Vista, Brasília, Bogotá, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza, Campo Grande, Caracas, Cuiabá, Curitiba-Afonso Pena, Florianópolis, Fortaleza, Foz do Iguaçu, Frankfurt, Goiânia, Ilhéus, João Pessoa, Lima, London-Heathrow, Londrina, Maceió, Madrid, Manaus, Mexico City, Miami, Milan-Malpensa, Montevideo, Natal, Navegantes, New York-JFK, Orlando, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Porto Alegre, Porto Seguro, Recife, Ribeirão Preto, Rio Branco, Rio de Janeiro-Galeão, Salvador da Bahia, Santiago de Chile, São José do Rio Preto, São Luís, Vitória 1B
TAM Airlines Paraguay Asunción, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza, Ciudad del Este 1B
TAP Portugal Lisbon, Porto 2D
TRIP Linhas Aéreas Araçatuba, Araxá, Bauru/Arealva, Belém-Val de Cães, Belo Horizonte-Pampulha, Brasília, Campinas-Viracopos, Cascavel, Criciúma, Cuiabá, Curitiba-Afonso Pena, Foz do Iguaçu, Gov. Valadares, Ipatinga, Joinville, Juiz de Fora-Serrinha, Londrina, Manaus, Marília, Maringá, Porto Alegre, Porto Velho, Recife, Rondonópolis, Salvador da Bahia, São José do Rio Preto, Uberlândia, Varginha, Vitória 1A
Turkish Airlines Istanbul-Atatürk 2D
United Airlines Chicago-O'Hare, Washington-Dulles 1A
United Airlines Houston-Intercontinental, Newark 2D
Webjet Belo Horizonte-Confins, Brasília, Curitiba-Afonso Pena, Fortaleza, Foz do Iguaçu, Natal, Porto Alegre, Porto Seguro, Ribeirão Preto, Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont, Salvador da Bahia 4
Whitejets a Bariloche, Cancún, Maceió, Natal, Orlando, Porto Seguro, Punta Cana, Recife

a.^ Airline operating charter flights.

Airbus A380 and Airbus A321 at Guarulhos International Airport

Scheduled cargo

AirlinesDestinations
ABSABelém-Val de Cães, Fortaleza, Manaus, Recife
Rio Linhas AéreasBrasília, Manaus, Recife, Rio de Janeiro-Galeão, Salvador da Bahia
Total Linhas AéreasCuritiba-Afonso Pena, Florianópolis, Porto Alegre

Accidents and incidents

  • 28 January 1986: a VASP Boeing 737-2A1 registration PP-SME flying from Guarulhos to Belo Horizonte unknowingly tried to take-off from Guarulhos under foggy conditions from a taxiway. The take-off was aborted, but the aircraft overran, collided with a dyke and broke in two. One passenger died.[28]
  • 21 March 1989: a Transbrasil cargo Boeing 707-349C registration PT-TCS operating flight 801, flying from Manaus to São Paulo-Guarulhos, crashed at the district of Vila Barros in Guarulhos, shortly before touch-down at runway 09R. That day, at 12:00 the runway was going to be closed for maintenance and the crew decided to speed up procedures to touch-down before closure (it was already 11:54). In a hurry, one of the crew members, by mistake, activated the air-dynamic brakes and the aircraft lost too much speed to have enough aerodynamic support (Stall). As a consequence the aircraft crashed at approximately 2 km from the airport. There were 25 fatalities which of these three were crew members and 22 were civilians on the accident site. As well as the 22 fatalities, there were also over 100 injured on the ground.[29]
  • 14 September 2002: a Total Linhas Aéreas ATR42-312 registration PT-MTS on a cargo flight between São Paulo-Guarulhos and Londrina crashed while en route near Paranapanema. The crew of 2 died.[30]

Access

The Helio Smidt Freeway (SP-019) that serves as access to the airport.

The airport is located 25 km (16 mi) from downtown São Paulo.

Car

The airport has its own highway system: Rodovia Hélio Smidt Highway which connects the airport to Presidente Dutra Highway or Ayrton Senna Highway. Residents of Guarulhos can access the road via Monteiro Lobato Avenue.

Bus

Bus transportation is available through the Airport Bus Service, an executive bus line, administered by EMTU and operated by Consórcio Internorte - Área 3. This service provides transportation connecting: Guarulhos to Congonhas airport; to Tietê Bus Terminal; to Palmeiras-Barra Funda Intermodal Terminal, to Faria Lima Ave.; To Republica Square (Praça da República), To Berrini Ave. Itaim Bibi district; and to the circuit of hotels along Paulista Avenue and Rua Augusta. The ride takes about one hour, depending on traffic.[31] At Guarulhos Airport, tickets can be purchased at the counter located outside the lounge of the Terminal 1, Wing B's arrivals level. If picking up the bus from a location not serviced by a counter, passage can be paid to the driver upon boarding. One-way fare as of January 2012 is around R$30.

Pássaro Marron/EMTU, a syndicate of the Internorte Consortium, offers two regular bus lines, 257 and 299, connecting Tatuapé subway station (Linha Vermelha) with Guarulhos Airport every 30 minutes. It is usually worth your while to wait for the faster 257. At Tatuapé, both buses can be picked up on the street level: turn left (toward Terminal Norte) after passing through the Metrô turnstile, continue along the overpass, and then head down the first stairway on the left. At the airport, the stop for both buses is on the median of the Arrivals-level road connecting Terminals 1 and 2. As of December 1, 2011, one-way fare on either bus costs R$4.05 and can be paid to the driver in cash upon boarding. Ticket counters for this service can be found at the Arrivals areas of both Terminals 1 and 2.

Gol Airlines and TAM Airlines offer for their passengers free bus transfers between Guarulhos and Congonhas airports at regular times.[32][33]

Viação Cometa offers daily departures to and from the airport and the cities of Santos, São Vicente, and Praia Grande.

Caprioli Turismo operates buses between the airport to the city of Campinas daily.

Pássaro Marron offers bus service to São José dos Campos with departures every two hours.

Viação Transdutra offers a line connecting the city of Arujá directly to the airport.

Taxi

Taxi stands are located outside each of the two terminals on the Arrivals level. It is recommended that travelers use one of the airport taxi companies operated by Guarucoop, a cooperative of taxi drivers servicing Guarulhos Airport. Credit cards are accepted at the Guarucoop stand. As of December 2011, a ride to Avenida Paulista costs around R$100.

Car Rental

There are car rental facilities at the airport.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Infraero Statistics for the Airport" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Infraero.
  2. ^ "Airport Official Website" (in Portuguese). Infraero.
  3. ^ "Lista de aeródromos públicos" (in Portuguese). ANAC.
  4. ^ "Lei n˚10.314, de 28 de novembro de 2001" (in Portuguese). Lei Direto. 28 November 2001. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
  5. ^ "Estatísticas" (in Portuguese). Infraero. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
  6. ^ Wingfield, Brian (14 January 2007). "The World's Most-Delayed Airports". Forbes.com. Retrieved 20 January 2008.
  7. ^ "Cumbica é o campeão nacional de voos atrasados" (in Portuguese). Veja. 18 August 2011. Retrieved 19 August 2011.
  8. ^ Komatsu, Alberto (16 March 2010). "ANAC vai por limite de pouso e decolagem em mais seis aeroportos" (in Portuguese). Valor Online. Retrieved 19 March 2010.
  9. ^ Salomon, Marta (May 18, 2011). "Galpão vira terminal em Guarulhos" (in Portuguese). O Estado de São Paulo. Retrieved May 20, 2011.
  10. ^ Borges, André (December 16, 2012). "Terminal de Guarulhos fica pronto só em 2012" (in Portuguese). Valor Econômico. Retrieved December 17, 2012.
  11. ^ "Novo terminal de Cumbica fica só para janeiro" (in Portuguese). Veja. December 18, 2011. Retrieved December 23, 2011.
  12. ^ "Webjet passa a utilizar o terminal 4 de Cumbica no dia 8" (in Portuguese). O Estado de São Paulo. February 2, 2012. Retrieved February 4, 2012.
  13. ^ Costa, Nataly (December 1, 2011). "Cumbica inaugura no dia 20 mais um terminal, a 2 quilômetros dos atuais" (in Portuguese). O Estado de São Paulo. Retrieved December 1, 2011.
  14. ^ Bitencourt, Rafael (April 26, 2011). "Governo define concessão de obras em 3 aeroportos, diz Palocci" (in Portuguese). Valor Online. Retrieved May 16, 2011.
  15. ^ Rittner, Daniel (February 7, 2012). "Cumbica, Viracopos e Brasília são privatizados" (in Portuguese). Valor Econômico. Retrieved March 22, 2012.
  16. ^ Salomon, Marta; Monteiro, Tânia (June 1, 2011). "Governo pretende privatizar três aeroportos e abrir o capital da Infraero" (in Portuguese). O Estado de São Paulo: Economia. Retrieved March 22, 2012.
  17. ^ "Brazil moves swiftly (at last) to award airport concessions". CAPA. February 9, 2012. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
  18. ^ "View of São Paulo-Guarulhos airport centered on the Tropic of Capricorn". Google Maps. Retrieved 29 July 2011.
  19. ^ http://worldaerodata.com/wad.cgi?id=BR32944&sch=SBGR
  20. ^ http://www.gcmap.com/airport/SBGR
  21. ^ http://www.infraero.gov.br/index.php/us/airports/sao-paulo/sao-paulo-international-airport.html
  22. ^ http://worldaerodata.com/wad.cgi?id=BR32944&sch=SBGR
  23. ^ http://www.execbrazil.com
  24. ^ http://www.execbrazil.com
  25. ^ Rittner, Daniel; Braga, Paulo Victor (31 August 2009). "Infraero vai gastar R$5 bi em reforma de aeroportos". Valor Econômico (in Portuguese). pp. A4.
  26. ^ "Trem de alta velocidade" (in Portuguese). Ministério dos Transportes. Retrieved 7 August 2011.
  27. ^ "Home". Gol. Retrieved May 13, 2012.
  28. ^ "Accident description PP-SME". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
  29. ^ "Accident description PT-TCS". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
  30. ^ "Accident description PT-MTS". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 23 July 2011.
  31. ^ "Airport Bus Service" (in Portuguese). EMTU. Retrieved 1 December 2011.
  32. ^ "Transporte para aeroportos" (in Portuguese). Gol Airlines. Retrieved 30 August 2011.
  33. ^ "Traslados Nacionais". TAM Airlines. Retrieved 27 March 2011.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport.
  • Inaugural plaque at the airport
    Inaugural plaque at the airport
  • The control tower
    The control tower
  • Guarulhos Airport at dusk
    Guarulhos Airport at dusk
  • Approach Lighting System CAT II at Guarulhos Airport
    Approach Lighting System CAT II at Guarulhos Airport
  • External view of Terminal 1 (TPS1)
    External view of Terminal 1 (TPS1)
  • Internal view of Terminal 1 (TPS1)
    Internal view of Terminal 1 (TPS1)
  • External view of Terminal 2 (TPS2)
    External view of Terminal 2 (TPS2)
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