Jump to content

Samsung

Page semi-protected
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Samsung Company)
This article is about the conglomerate. For the electronics subsidiary, see Samsung Electronics. For other uses, see Samsung (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Samsun, Samson, Sanson, or Sampson.

Samsung Group
Native name
삼성그룹
Company typePrivate
IndustryConglomerate
Founded1 March 1938; 86 years ago (1938-03-01) in Daegu, Korea, Empire of Japan
FounderLee Byung-chul
HeadquartersSamsung Digital City,
Yeongtong District, Suwon
,
South Korea[1]
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Lee Jae-yong (chairman)
ProductsClothing, automotive, chemicals, consumer electronics, electronic components, medical equipment, semiconductors, solid-state drives, DRAM, flash memory, ships, telecommunications equipment, home appliances[2]
ServicesAdvertising, construction, entertainment, financial services, hospitality, information and communications technology, medical and health care services, retail, shipbuilding, semiconductor foundry
SubsidiariesCheil Worldwide
Samsung Asset Management
Samsung Biologics
Samsung C&T Corporation
Samsung Electro-Mechanics
Samsung Electronics
Samsung Engineering
Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance
Samsung Heavy Industries
Samsung Life Insurance
Samsung SDI
Samsung SDS
Samsung Securities
Websitesamsung.com
Samsung
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationSamseong
McCune–ReischauerSamsŏng
Economy of South Korea
History
Business culture
Industries
Regional
Related topics

Samsung Group[3] (Korean: 삼성; Hanja: 三星; RR: samseong [samsʌŋ]; stylised as SΛMSUNG) is a South Korean multinational manufacturing conglomerate headquartered in Samsung Digital City, Suwon, South Korea.[1] It comprises numerous affiliated businesses,[1] most of them united under the Samsung brand, and is the largest South Korean chaebol (business conglomerate). As of 2024, Samsung has the world's fifth-highest brand value.[4]

Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul in 1938 as a trading company. Over the next three decades, the group diversified into areas including food processing, textiles, insurance, securities, and retail. Samsung entered the electronics industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding industries in the mid-1970s; these areas would drive its subsequent growth. Following Lee's death in 1987, Samsung was separated into five business groups – Samsung Group, Shinsegae Group, CJ Group, Hansol Group, and JoongAng Group.

Samsung industrial affiliates include Samsung Electronics, Samsung Heavy Industries, Samsung Engineering and Samsung C&T Corporation. Other subsidiaries include Samsung Life Insurance and Cheil Worldwide. Notable Samsung industrial affiliates include Samsung Electronics (the world's largest information technology company, consumer electronics maker and chipmaker measured by 2017 revenues),[5][6] Samsung Heavy Industries (the world's second largest shipbuilder measured by 2010 revenues),[7] and Samsung Engineering and Samsung C&T Corporation (respectively the world's 13th and 36th largest construction companies).[8] Other notable subsidiaries include Samsung Life Insurance (the world's 14th largest life insurance company),[9] Samsung Everland (operator of Everland Resort, the oldest theme park in South Korea)[10] and Cheil Worldwide (the world's 15th largest advertising agency, as measured by 2012 revenues).[11][12]

Meaning of the name

According to Samsung's founder, the meaning of the Korean hanja Samsung (三星) is three stars. The three stands for something big, numerous and powerful,[13] while stars stands for everlasting or eternal.[14][15]

History

1938–1970

Lee Byung-chul, founder of Samsung

In 1938, during Japanese-ruled Korea, Lee Byung-chul (1910–1987) of a large landowning family in the Uiryeong county moved to nearby Daegu and founded Mitsuboshi Trading Company (株式会社三星商会 (Kabushiki gaisha Mitsuboshi Shōkai)), or Samsung Sanghoe (주식회사 삼성상회). Samsung started out as a small trading company with forty employees located in Su-dong (now Ingyo-dong).[16] It dealt in dried fish,[16] locally-grown groceries and noodles.[17] The company prospered and Lee moved its head office to Seoul in 1947. When the Korean War broke out, he was forced to leave Seoul. He started a sugar refinery in Busan named Cheil Jedang. In 1954, Lee founded Cheil Mojik, a textiles company, and built the first plant in Chimsan-dong, Daegu. It was the largest woollen mill in the country at the time of construction.[18]

Samsung diversified into many different areas. Lee sought to establish Samsung as a leader in a wide range of industries. Samsung moved into lines of business such as insurance, securities, and retail.

In 1947, Cho Hong-jai, the Hyosung group's founder, jointly invested in a new company called Samsung Mulsan Gongsa, or the Samsung Trading Corporation, with the Samsung's founder Lee Byung-chul. The trading firm grew to become the now Samsung C&T Corporation. After a few years, Cho and Lee separated due to differences in management style. Cho wanted a 30 equity share. Samsung Group was separated into Samsung Group and Hyosung Group, Hankook Tire and other businesses.[19][20]

In the late 1960s, Samsung Group entered the electronics industry. It formed several electronics-related divisions, such as Samsung Electronics Devices, Samsung Electro-Mechanics, Samsung Corning and Samsung Semiconductor & Telecommunications, and opened the facility in Suwon. Its first product was a black-and-white television set.[21] Byung-chul was also the owner of the Tongyang Broadcasting Company, a private radio and television company that existed from 1964 to 1980, shut down after the Korean government reviewed the number of media outlets allowed.[22] TBC allowed an early success thanks to its connections to Samsung, boosting the sale of its television sets.[23]

1970–1990

The SPC-1000, introduced in 1982, was Samsung's first personal computer (sold in the Korean market only) and used an audio cassette tape to load and save data – the floppy drive was optional.[24]

In 1980, Samsung acquired the Gumi-based Hanguk Jeonja Tongsin and entered telecommunications hardware. Its early products were switchboards. The facility was developed into the telephone and fax manufacturing systems and became the center of Samsung's mobile phone manufacturing. They have produced over 800 million mobile phones to date.[25] The company grouped them together under Samsung Electronics in the 1980s.

After Lee, the founder's death in 1987, Samsung Group was separated into five business groups – Samsung Group, Shinsegae Group, CJ Group, Hansol Group and the JoongAng Group.[26] Shinsegae (discount store, department store) was originally part of Samsung Group, separated in the 1990s from the Samsung Group along with CJ Group (Food/Chemicals/Entertainment/logistics), Hansol Group (Paper/Telecom), and the JoongAng Group (Media). Today these separated groups are independent and they are not part of or connected to the Samsung Group.[27] One Hansol Group representative said, "Only people ignorant of the laws governing the business world could believe something so absurd", adding, "When Hansol separated from the Samsung Group in 1991, it severed all payment guarantees and share-holding ties with Samsung affiliates." One Hansol Group source asserted, "Hansol, Shinsegae, and CJ have been under independent management since their respective separations from the Samsung Group". One Shinsegae department store executive director said, "Shinsegae has no payment guarantees associated with the Samsung Group".[27]

In the 1980s, Samsung Electronics began to invest heavily in research and development, investments that were pivotal in pushing the company to the forefront of the global electronics industry. In 1982, it built a television assembly plant in Portugal; in 1984, a plant in New York; in 1985, a plant in Tokyo; in 1987, a facility in England; and another facility in Austin, Texas, in 1996. As of 2012, Samsung has invested more than US$13 billion in the Austin facility, which operates under the name Samsung Austin Semiconductor. This makes the Austin location the largest foreign investment in Texas and one of the largest single foreign investments in the United States.[28][29]

In 1987, United States International Trade Commission found that the Samsung Group of South Korea unlawfully sold computer chips in the United States without licenses from the chip inventor, Texas Instruments Inc.[30]

1990–2000

Since 1990, Samsung has increasingly globalised its activities and electronics; in particular, its mobile phones and semiconductors have become its most important source of income. It was in this period that Samsung started to rise as an international corporation in the 1990s. Samsung's construction branch was awarded contracts to build one of the two Petronas Towers in Malaysia, Taipei 101 in Taiwan and the Burj Khalifa in United Arab Emirates.[31] In 1993, Lee Kun-hee sold off ten of Samsung Group's subsidiaries, downsized the company, and merged other operations to concentrate on three industries: electronics, engineering and chemicals. In 1996, the Samsung Group reacquired the Sungkyunkwan University foundation.[32]

Samsung became the world's largest producer of memory chips in 1992 and is the world's second-largest chipmaker after Intel (see Worldwide Top 20 Semiconductor Market Share Ranking Year by Year).[33] In 1995, it created its first liquid-crystal display screen. Samsung grew to be the world's largest manufacturer of liquid-crystal display panels. Ten years later, Sony, which had not invested in large-size TFT-LCDs, contacted Samsung to cooperate, and, in 2006, S-LCD was established as a joint venture between Samsung and Sony in order to provide a stable supply of LCD panels for both manufacturers. S-LCD was owned by Samsung (50% plus one share) and Sony (50% minus one share) and operates its factories and facilities in Tanjung, South Korea. As of 26 December 2011, it was announced that Samsung had acquired the stake of Sony in this joint venture.[34]

Compared to other major Korean companies, Samsung survived the 1997 Asian financial crisis relatively unharmed. However, Samsung Motor was sold to Renault at a significant loss. As of 2010, Renault Samsung is 80.1 per cent owned by Renault and 19.9 per cent owned by Samsung. Additionally, Samsung manufactured a range of aircraft from the 1980s to the 1990s. The company was founded in 1999 as Korea Aerospace Industries (KAI), the result of a merger between then three domestic major aerospace divisions of Samsung Aerospace, Daewoo Heavy Industries and Hyundai Space and Aircraft Company. However, Samsung still manufactures aircraft engines and gas turbines.[35]

2000–present

The prominent Samsung sign in Times Square, New York City

In 2000, Samsung R&D opened a development center in Warsaw, Poland.[36] Its work began with set-top-box technology before moving into digital TV and smartphones. The smartphone platform was developed with partners, officially launched with the original Samsung Solstice[37] line of devices and other derivatives in 2008, which was later developed into Samsung Galaxy line of devices including Notes, Edge and other products.

The Samsung Group's chairman, Lee Kun-hee (left), with South Korean President Park Geun-hye, 2013

In 2007, former Samsung chief lawyer Kim Yong Chul claimed that he was involved in bribing and fabricating evidence on behalf of the group's chairman, Lee Kun-hee, and the company. Kim said that Samsung lawyers trained executives to serve as scapegoats in a "fabricated scenario" to protect Lee, even though those executives were not involved. Kim also told the media that he was "sidelined" by Samsung after he refused to pay a $3.3 million bribe to the U.S. Federal District Court judge presiding over a case where two of their executives were found guilty on charges related to memory chip price-fixing. Kim revealed that the company had raised a large number of secret funds through bank accounts illegally opened under the names of up to 1,000 Samsung executives – under his own name, four accounts were opened to manage 5 billion won.[38]

In 2010, Samsung[who?] announced a ten-year growth strategy centered around five businesses.[39] One of these businesses was to be focused on biopharmaceuticals, to which has committed ₩2.1 trillion.[40] In first quarter of 2012, Samsung Electronics became the world's largest mobile phone maker by unit sales, overtaking Nokia, which had been the market leader since 1998.[41][42]

On 24 August 2012, nine American jurors ruled that Samsung Electronics had to pay Apple $1.05 billion in damages for violating six of its patents on smartphone technology. The award was still less than the $2.5 billion requested by Apple. The decision also ruled that Apple did not violate five Samsung patents cited in the case.[43] Samsung decried the decision saying that the move could harm innovation in the sector.[44] It also followed a South Korean ruling stating that both companies were guilty of infringing on each other's intellectual property.[45] In first trading after the ruling, Samsung shares on the KOSPI fell 7.7%, the largest fall since 24 October 2008, to 1,177,000 South Korean won.[46] Apple then sought to ban the sales of eight Samsung phones (Galaxy S 4G, Galaxy S2 AT&T, Galaxy S2 Skyrocket, Galaxy S2 T-Mobile, Galaxy S2 Epic 4G, Galaxy S Showcase, Droid Charge and Galaxy Prevail) in the United States, but this was denied by the court.[47][48]

As of 2013, the Fair Trade Commission of Taiwan is investigating Samsung and its local Taiwanese advertising agency for false advertising. The case was commenced after the commission received complaints stating that the agency hired students to attack competitors of Samsung Electronics in online forums.[49] Samsung Taiwan made an announcement on its Facebook page in which it stated that it had not interfered with any evaluation report and had stopped online marketing campaigns that constituted posting or responding to content in online forums.[50]

In 2015, Samsung has been granted more U.S. patents than any other company. The company received 7,679 utility patents through 11 December.[51]

The Galaxy Note 7 smartphone went on sale on 19 August 2016.[52] However, in early September 2016, Samsung suspended sales of the phone and announced an informal recall. This occurred after some units of the phones had batteries with a defect that caused them to produce excessive heat, leading to fires and explosions. Samsung replaced the recalled units of the phones with a new version; however, it was later discovered that the new version of the Galaxy Note 7 also had the battery defect. Samsung recalled all Galaxy Note 7 smartphones worldwide on 10 October 2016, and permanently ended production of the phone the following day.[53][54][55]

In 2018, they inaugurated the world's largest mobile manufacturing facility in Noida, India, in the presence of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and South Korean President Moon Jae-in.[56][57]

In 2023, Samsung announced its decision to reduce the production of memory chips. This action is on account of the company's projected 96% decline in quarterly operating profit - a 600 million won decline from the 14 trillion won in 2022. The said drop can be attributed to the weak demand after COVID and a slowing global economy. Despite this decision, the company's shares increased by more than 4%.[58] Samsung has been the top two applicant for PCT filled patents in 2022 and 2023 worldwide.[59]

Influence in South Korea

Samsung has a powerful influence on South Korea's economic development, politics, media and culture and has been a major driving force behind the "Miracle on the Han River".[60][61] Its affiliate companies produce around a fifth of South Korea's total exports.[62] Samsung's revenue was equal to 22.4% of South Korea's $1.67 trillion GDP in 2022.[63]

"You can even say the Samsung chairman is more powerful than the President of South Korea. [South] Korean people have come to think of Samsung as invincible and above the law", said Woo Suk-hoon, host of a popular economics podcast in a Washington Post article headlined "In South Korea, the Republic of Samsung", published on 9 December 2012. Critics claimed that Samsung knocked out smaller businesses, limiting choices for South Korean consumers and sometimes colluded with fellow giants to fix prices while bullying those who investigate. Lee Jung-hee, a South Korean presidential candidate, said in a debate, "Samsung has the government in its hands. Samsung manages the legal world, the press, the academics and bureaucracy".[64]

Operations

Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance HQ

Samsung comprises around 80 companies.[65] Its activities include construction, consumer electronics, financial services, shipbuilding, and medical services,[65] and two research and development stations that have allowed the chaebol to enter the industries of "high-polymer chemicals, genetic engineering tools [and biotech as a whole], aerospace, and nanotechnology."[66]

As of April 2011, the Samsung Group comprised 59 unlisted companies and 19 listed companies, all of which had their primary listing on the Korea Exchange.[67]

In FY 2009, Samsung reported consolidated revenues of 220 trillion KRW ($172.5 billion). In FY 2010, Samsung reported consolidated revenues of 280 trillion KRW ($258 billion), and profits of 30 trillion KRW ($27.6 billion) based upon a KRW-USD exchange rate of 1,084.5 KRW per USD, the spot rate as of 19 August 2011.[68] These amounts do not include the revenues from Samsung's subsidiaries based outside South Korea.[69]

Leadership

  1. Lee Byung-chul (1938–1966, 1968–1987)
  2. Lee Maeng-hee (1966–1968), Lee Byung-chul's first son
  3. Lee Kun-hee (1987–2008, 2010–2020), Lee Byung-chul's third son
  4. Lee Soo-bin (2008–2010)

Affiliates

Samsung's Silicon Valley headquarters in San Jose, California

Samsung Electronics is a multinational electronics and information technology company headquartered in Suwon and the flagship company of the Samsung Group.[70] Its products include air conditioners, computers, digital television sets, active-matrix organic light-emitting diodes (AMOLEDs), mobile phones, display monitors, computer printers, refrigerators, semiconductors and telecommunications networking equipment.[71] It was the world's largest mobile phone maker by unit sales in the first quarter of 2012, with a global market share of 25.4%.[72] It was also the world's second-largest semiconductor maker by 2011 revenues (after Intel).[73]

Steco is a joint venture established between Samsung Electronics and Japan's Toray Industries in 1995.[74] Toshiba Samsung Storage Technology Corporation (TSST) is a joint venture between Samsung Electronics and Toshiba of Japan which specialises in optical disc drive manufacturing. TSST was formed in 2004, and Toshiba owns 51 per cent of its stock, while Samsung owns the remaining 49 per cent. Samsung Electronics is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 005930).

Samsung Biologics is a biopharmaceutical division of Samsung, founded in 2011. It has contract development and manufacturing (CDMO) services including drug substance and product manufacturing and bioanalytical testing services. The company is headquartered in Incheon, South Korea and its existing three plants comprises the largest biologic contract manufacturing complex. It expanded its contract development service lab to San Francisco, U.S. Samsung Biologics is listed on the Korean Exchange stock market (number 207940).[75] Samsung Bioepis is a biosimilar medicine producer and joint venture between Samsung Biologics (50 per cent plus one share) and the U.S.-based Biogen Idec (50 per cent).[76][77] In 2014, Biogen Idec agreed to commercialize future anti-TNF biosimilar products in Europe through Samsung Bioepis.[78]

Samsung Engineering is a multinational construction company headquartered in Seoul, founded in January 1969. Its principal activity is the construction of oil refining plants; upstream oil and gas facilities; petrochemical plants and gas plants; steel making plants; power plants; water treatment facilities; and other infrastructure.[79] It achieved total revenues of 9,298.2 billion won (US$8.06 billion) in 2011.[80] Samsung Engineering is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 02803450).

Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance is a multinational general insurance company headquartered in Seoul.[81] It was founded in January 1952 as Korea Anbo Fire and Marine Insurance and was renamed Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance in December 1993.[82] Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance offers services including accident insurance, automobile insurance, casualty insurance, fire insurance, liability insurance, marine insurance, personal pensions and loans.[83] As of March 2011 it had operations in 10 countries and 6.5 million customers. Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance had a total premium income of $11.7 billion in 2011 and total assets of $28.81 billion on 31 March 2011. It is the largest provider of general insurance in South Korea. Samsung Fire has been listed on the Korea Exchange stock market since 1975 (number 000810).[83]

Samsung Heavy Industries is a shipbuilding and engineering company headquartered in Seoul, founded in August 1974. Its principal products are bulk carriers, container vessels, crude oil tankers, cruisers, passenger ferries, material handling equipment steel and bridge structures.[84] It achieved total revenues of 13,358.6 billion won in 2011 and is the world's second-largest shipbuilder by revenues (after Hyundai Heavy Industries).[85][86] It is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 010140).

Samsung Life Insurance is a multinational life insurance company headquartered in Seoul, founded in March 1957 as Dongbang Life Insurance. It became an affiliate of the Samsung Group in July 1963.[87] Samsung Life's principal activity is the provision of individual life insurance and annuity products and services.[88] As of December 2011 it had operations in seven countries, 8.08 million customers and 5,975 employees.[87] Samsung Life had total sales of 22,717 billion won in 2011 and total assets of 161,072 billion won at 31 December 2011.[87] It is the largest provider of life insurance in South Korea. Samsung Air China Life Insurance is a 50:50 joint venture between Samsung Life Insurance and China National Aviation Holding. It was established in Beijing in July 2005.[89] Siam Samsung Life Insurance: Samsung Life Insurance holds a 37 per cent stake while the Saha Group also has a 37.5 per cent stake in the joint venture, with the remaining 25 per cent owned by Thanachart Bank.[90] It is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 032830).

Samsung SDI builds lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles such as the BMW i3, and acquired Magna Steyr's battery plant near Graz in 2015.[91] Samsung SDI also produced CRTs and VFD displays until 2012.[92][93][94][95] SDI began using the "21700" cell format in August 2015.[96] Samsung plans to convert its factory in Göd, Hungary to supply 50,000 cars per year.[97] Samsung SDI uses lithium-ion technology for its phone and portable computer batteries.[98] On 5 December 2012, the European Union's antitrust regulator fined Samsung SDI and several other major companies for fixing prices of TV cathode-ray tubes in two cartels lasting nearly a decade.[99] It is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 006400).

Samsung SDS is a multinational IT Service company, founded in March 1985. Its main activity is the deployment of IT systems (ERP, IT infrastructure, IT consulting, IT outsourcing, data center operation, etc.). It is Korea's largest IT service company. It achieved total revenues of 6,105.9 billion won (US$5.71 billion) in 2012. Samsung C&T Corporation is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (000830). Samsung Electro-Mechanics, established in 1973 as a manufacturer of key electronic components, is headquartered in Suwon, South Korea. It is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 009150).[100] Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), established in 1987, is headquartered in Suwon and operates research labs around the world.[101]

Ace Digitech is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 036550). Cheil Industries is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 001300).[102]

Cheil Worldwide is a marketing company that offers advertising, public relations, etc. It is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 030000).

Credu is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 067280).

Imarket Korea provides procurement services and business-to-business goods. It is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 122900).

Samsung Card is a South Korean credit card company. It is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 029780).

Hotel Shilla (also known as "The Shilla") opened in March 1979, following the intention of the late Lee Byung-chul, founder of the Samsung Group. Shilla Hotels and Resorts is listed on the Korea Exchange stock market (number 008770).[103]

Samsung C&T Corporation covers the three main sectors of Environment & Asset, Food Culture and Resort.

Samsung Medical Center was founded on 9 November 1994, under the philosophy of "contributing to improving the nation's health through the best medical service, advanced medical research and development of outstanding medical personnel". The Samsung Medical Center consists of a hospital and a cancer center, which is the largest in Asia.[104] The hospital is located in an intelligent building with floor space of more than 200,000 square meters and 20 floors above ground and 5 floors underground, housing 40 departments, 10 specialist centers, 120 special clinics and 1,306 beds. The 655-bed Cancer Center has 11 floors above ground and 8 floors underground, with floor space of over 100,000 square meters. SMC is a tertiary hospital staffed by approximately 7,400, including over 1,200 doctors and 2,300 nurses. Since its foundation in the 1990s, the Samsung Medical Center has successfully incorporated and developed an advanced model with the motto of becoming a "patient-centered hospital", a new concept in Korea.[105] Samsung donates around US$100 million per annum to the Samsung Medical Center.[106] It incorporates Samsung Seoul Hospital, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Samsung Cancer Center and Samsung Life Sciences Research Center. In 2010, the Samsung Medical Center and pharmaceutical multinational Pfizer agreed to collaborate on research to identify the genomic mechanisms responsible for clinical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma.[107][108]

Divested

Hanhwa Techwin was a developer and manufacturer of surveillance (including security cameras), aeronautics, optoelectronics, automations and weapons technology. It was announced to be sold to Hanwha Group in December 2014[109] and the take-over completed in June 2015.[110] It was later renamed Hanwha Techwin. The company was listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 012450)

Samsung Thales Co., Ltd. (until 2001 known as Samsung Thomson-CSF Co., Ltd.) was a joint venture between Samsung-Techwin and the France-based aerospace and defense company Thales. It was established in 1978 and is based in Seoul.[111] Samsung's involvement was passed on to the Hanwha Group as part of the Techwin transaction.[110]

Samsung General Chemicals was sold to Hanwha. Another chemical division was sold to Lotte Corporation in 2016.[112][113]

Hanhwa Total was a 50/50 joint venture between Samsung and the France-based oil group TotalEnergies (more specifically, Samsung General Chemicals and Total Petrochemicals). Samsung's stake was inherited by Hanwha Group in its acquisition of Samsung General Chemicals.[110]

Defunct

Alpha Processor Inc. (API) was established in 1998 as a joint venture with U.S.-based Compaq, to enter the high-end microprocessor market. The venture was also aimed at expanding Samsung's non-memory chip business by manufacturing DEC Alpha CPUs. At the time, Samsung and Compaq invested $500 million in Alpha Processor.[114]

GE Samsung Lighting was a joint venture between Samsung and the GE Lighting subsidiary of General Electric. The venture was established in 1998 and was broken up in 2009.[115]

Global Steel Exchange was a joint venture formed in 2000 between Samsung, the U.S.-based Cargill, the Switzerland-based Duferco Group, and the Luxembourg-based Tradearbed (now part of the ArcelorMittal), to handle their online buying and selling of steel.[116]

Logo of Samtron
Logo of Samtron

Samtron was a subsidiary of Samsung until 1999 when it became independent. After that, it continued to make computer monitors and plasma displays until 2003, Samtron became Samsung when Samtron was a brand. In 2003 the website redirected to Samsung.[citation needed]

S-LCD Corporation was a joint venture between Samsung Electronics (50% plus one share) and the Japan-based Sony Corporation (50% minus one share) established in April 2004. On 26 December 2011, Samsung Electronics announced that it would acquire all of Sony's shares in the venture.

Joint ventures

Samsung Fine Chemicals is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 004000).

Samsung Machine Tools of America is a national distributor of machines in the United States. Samsung GM Machine Tools is the head office of China, It is an SMEC Legal incorporated company.[117]

Samsung Securities is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 016360).[118]

S-1 was founded as Korea's first specialized security business in 1997 and has maintained its position at the top of industry with the consistent willingness to take on challenges. S1 Corporation is listed on the Korea Exchange stock-exchange (number 012750.KS).[119][120]

State-run Korea Agro-Fisheries Trade Corp. set up the venture, aT Grain Co., in Chicago, with three other South Korean companies, Korea Agro-Fisheries owns 55 per cent of aT Grain, while Samsung C&T Corp, Hanjin Transportation Co. and STX Corporation each hold 15 per cent.[121]

Brooks Automation Asia Co., Ltd. is a joint venture between Brooks Automation (70%) and Samsung[who?] (30%) which was established in 1999. The venture locally manufactures and configure vacuum wafer handling platforms and 300mm Front-Opening Unified Pod (FOUP) load port modules, and designs, manufactures and configures atmospheric loading systems for flat panel displays.[122]

POSS – SLPC s.r.o. was founded in 2007 as a subsidiary of Samsung C & T Corporation, Samsung C & T Deutschland and the company POSCO.[123]

Samsung BP Chemicals, headquartered in Ulsan, is a 49:51 joint venture between Samsung and the UK-based BP, which was established in 1989 to produce and supply high-value-added chemical products. Its products are used in rechargeable batteries and liquid crystal displays.[124][125][126]

Samsung Corning Precision Glass is a joint venture between Samsung[who?] and Corning, which was established in 1973 to manufacture and market cathode ray tube glass for black and white televisions. The company's first LCD glass substrate manufacturing facility opened in Gumi, South Korea, in 1996.

Samsung Sumitomo LED Materials is a Korea-based joint venture between Samsung LED Co., Ltd., an LED maker based in Suwon, Korea-based and the Japan-based Sumitomo Chemical. The JV will carry out research and development, manufacturing and sales of sapphire substrates for LEDs.[127]

SD Flex Co., Ltd. was founded in October 2004 as a joint venture corporation by Samsung[who?] and DuPont, one of the world's largest chemical companies.[128]

Sermatech Korea specializes in aircraft construction processes such as special welding and brazing.[129] GKN (formerly Sermatech International) owns 51% of its stock, while Samsung[who?] owns the remaining 49%.

Siltronic Samsung Wafer Pte. Ltd, is a joint venture between Samsung and wholly owned Wacker Chemie subsidiary Siltronic. It was officially opened in Singapore in June 2008.[130]

SMP Ltd. is a joint venture between Samsung Fine Chemicals and MEMC. In 2011, MEMC Electronic Materials Inc. and an affiliate of Korean conglomerate Samsung formed a joint venture to build a polysilicon plant.[131]

Stemco is a joint venture established between Samsung Electro-Mechanics and Toray Industries in 1995.[132]

SB LiMotive is a 50:50 joint company of Robert Bosch GmbH (commonly known as Bosch) and Samsung SDI founded in June 2008. The joint venture develops and manufactures lithium-ion batteries for use in hybrid-, plug-in hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles.

Partially owned companies

Samsung Heavy Industries owns 10% of the Brazilian shipbuilder Atlântico Sul, whose Atlântico Sul Shipyard is the largest shipyard in South America. The Joao Candido, Brazil's largest ship, was built by Atlântico Sul with technology licensed by Samsung Heavy Industries.[133] The companies have a technical assistance agreement through which industrial design, vessel engineering and other know-how is being transferred to Atlântico Sul.[134]

Samsung Life Insurance currently holds a 7.4% stake in the South Korean banking company DGB Financial Group, making it the largest shareholder.[135] DGB Financial Group is a Korea-based company that specialises in banking. The company is divided into six segments of operation and each segment's primary source of funds come from general public deposits.[136]

Samsung[who?] acquired 7.4% of Gorilla Glass maker Corning, signing a long-term supply deal.[137] Corning is an American company that is experienced in glass chemistry, ceramics science, and optical physics, as well as its manufacturing and engineering, to create goods that support industries and improve living standards. Corning is committed to long-term research and development.

Samsung Heavy Industries currently holds a 14.1% stake in Doosan Engine, making it the second-largest shareholder.[138] Doosan Group is a South Korean company found in 1896 by Park Seung-jik. The company specializes in heavy industries and construction such as power plants and desalination plants.[139]

MEMC's joint venture with Samsung Electronics Company, Ltd. In 1990, MEMC entered into a joint venture agreement to construct a silicon plant in Korea.[140] MEMC Korea Company is a Korean manufacturer and distributor of electronic components, ingots, silicon wafers, and other products.

Samsung[who?] buys 10% stake in rival phone maker Pantech.[141] Pantech is a South Korean company found in 1991. Pantech manufactures mobile phones and tablets. Pantech serves in many countries, including South Korea, United States, Japan, Europe, Vietnam, and China.

Samsung[who?] currently owns 4.19% of Rambus Incorporated.[142] Rambus Incorporated is an American technology company found in 1990. The company specializes in producing electronic components such as licenses chip interface technologies and architectures used in digital electronic products.

Samsung[who?] currently owns 19.9% of the automobile manufacturer Renault Korea Motors. Renault Samsung Motors is a South Korean automotive company found in 1994. The company made car related transactions starting in 1998 and since have expanded into a range of cars and electric car models.

Samsung[who?] currently owns 9.6% of Seagate Technology, making it the second-largest shareholder. Under a shareholder agreement, Samsung has the right to nominate an executive to Seagate's board of directors.[143] Seagate Technology is an American company that works in the computer storage industry. Seagate Technology was founded in 1979. The company is a major supplier of microcomputers and hard disks.

Samsung[who?] owns 3% of Sharp Corporation, a rival company to Samsung.[144] Sharp Corporation is a Japanese company found in 1912. The company specializes in designing and manufacturing electronic products, such as phones, microwave ovens, and air conditioners.

Samsung Engineering holds a 10% stake in Sungjin Geotec, an offshore oil drilling company that is a subsidiary of POSCO.[145] SungJin Geotec is a South Korean company found in 1989. The company specializes in manufacturing and developing offshore facilities, oil sand modules, petrochemical plant components, and desalination plants.[146]

Taylor Energy is an independent American oil company that drills in the Gulf of Mexico based in New Orleans, Louisiana.[147] Samsung Oil & Gas USA Corp., subsidiaries of Samsung,[who?] currently owns 20% of Taylor Energy. Taylor Energy is an American oil and gas company found in 1979. The company works mainly in the oil drilling industry and drills in the Gulf of Mexico.

Acquisitions and attempted acquisitions

Samsung has made the following acquisitions and attempted acquisitions:

In 1995, Samsung Techwin acquired the German camera manufacturer Rollei. Samsung used Rollei's expertise in optics to develop a line of Swiss-made watches. However, on 11 March 1995, the Cologne District Court prohibited the advertising and sale of Rollei watches in Germany.[148][149] In 1999, Rollei management bought out the company.[150]

Samsung lost a chance to revive its failed bid to take over Dutch aircraft maker Fokker when other airplane manufacturers rejected its offer to form a consortium. The three proposed partners—Hyundai, Hanjin, and Daewoo—notified the South Korean government that they would not join Samsung Aerospace Industries.[151]

In 1995, Samsung bought a 40% stake in AST Research in an attempt to break into the North American computer market. However, Samsung was forced to close the California-based computer maker after mass resignations of research staff and a series of losses.[152]

In 1995, Samsung's textile department invested in FUBU, an American hip hop apparel company, after the founder placed an advertisement asking for funding in The New York Times.[153][154]

Samsung Securities Co., Ltd. and N M Rothschild & Sons agreed to form a strategic alliance in investment banking. The two companies would jointly work on cross-border mergers and acquisition deals.[155]

In December 2010, Samsung Electronics bought MEDISON Co., a South Korean medical-equipment company. This marked Samsung's first step in its plan to diversify beyond consumer electronics.[156]

In July 2011, Samsung announced that it had acquired spin-transfer torque random access memory (MRAM) vendor Grandis Inc..[157] Grandis became part of Samsung's R&D operations, focusing on the development of next-generation random-access memory.[158]

In December 2011, the board of Samsung Electronics approved a plan to buy Sony's entire stake in their 2004 joint liquid-crystal display (LCD) venture for 1.1 trillion won ($939 million).[159]

In May 2012, mSpot announced that it had been acquired by Samsung Electronics with the intention of creating a cloud-based music service.[160] The succeeding service was Samsung Music Hub. In December 2012, Samsung acquired the privately held storage software vendor NVELO, Inc., based in Santa Clara, California.[161] NVELO became part of Samsung's R&D operations, focusing on software for managing and optimizing next-generation Samsung SSD storage subsystems for consumer and enterprise computing platforms.

In January 2013, Samsung acquired the medical imaging company NeuroLogica, as part of its plans to build a leading medical technology business. Terms of the deal were not disclosed.[162]

In August 2014, Samsung acquired SmartThings, a fast-growing home automation startup. The acquisition price was not released, but it was reported by TechCrunch to be around $200 million.[163] At this time, Samsung also acquired US air conditioner distributor Quietside LLC as part of its push to strengthen its "smart home" business.[164]

In November 2014, Samsung acquired Proximal Data, a San Diego-based pioneer of server-side caching software that works within virtualized systems.[165]

In February 2015, Samsung acquired U.S.-based mobile payments firm LoopPay, allowing Samsung to enter the smartphone transaction market.[166]

In March 2015, Samsung acquired the small U.S.-based manufacturer of LED displays, YESCO Electronics, which focuses on making digital billboards and message signs.[167]

In October 2016, Samsung acquired Viv, a company working on artificial intelligence, created by the developers of Apple's Siri.[168]

In November 2016, Samsung Canada announced it had acquired Rich Communication Services, a company working on a new technology for text messaging.[169]

Major clients

One of the world's largest oil and gas projects, Sakhalin-II- Lunskoye platform under construction. The topside facilities of the LUN-A (Lunskoye) and PA-B (Piltun Astokhskoye) platforms were built at the Samsung Heavy Industries' shipyard in South Korea.[170]

Major clients include:

Shell plc

Samsung Heavy Industries is sole provider of liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage facilities worth up to US$50 billion to Shell plc for 15 years, between 2009 and 2024.[171][172]
Shell unveiled plans to build the world's first floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) platform. In October 2012[173] at Samsung Heavy Industries' shipyard on Geoje Island in South Korea work started on a "ship" that, when finished and fully loaded, weighs 600,000 tonnes, the world's biggest "ship".[174]

United Arab Emirates government

In 2009, a consortium of South Korean firms, including Samsung, Korea Electric Power Corporation and Hyundai, won a deal worth $40 billion to build nuclear power plants in the United Arab Emirates.[175]

Ontario government

The government of the Canadian province of Ontario signed one of the world's largest renewable energy projects, a deal worth $6.6 billion for an additional 2,500 MW of new wind and solar energy. Under the agreement, a consortium led by Samsung and the Korea Electric Power Corporation manages the development of 2,000 MW-worth of new wind farms and 500 MW of solar capacity, while also building a manufacturing supply chain in the province.[176]

Corporate image

  • First Samsung logo (1938)
    First Samsung logo (1938)
  • 1969–1979
    1969–1979
  • 1979–1993, as Samsung Electronics logo
    1979–1993, as Samsung Electronics logo
  • 1993–current, though still used by other Samsung companies than its electronics segment
    1993–current, though still used by other Samsung companies than its electronics segment
  • 2015–current, Samsung Electronics's wordmark and current corporate logo
    2015–current, Samsung Electronics's wordmark and current corporate logo

The basic colour in the logo is blue, which Samsung has employed for years, supposedly symbolizing stability, reliability and corporate social responsibility.[177]

Samsung has an audio logo, which consists of the notes E♭, A♭, D♭, E♭; after the initial E♭ tone it is up a perfect fourth to A♭, down a perfect fifth to D♭, then up a major second to return to the initial E♭ tone. The audio logo was produced by Musikvergnuegen and written by Walter Werzowa.[178][179] This audio logo is discontinued as of 2015.

Font

In 2014, Samsung unveiled its Samsung Sharp Sans font.[180]

In July 2016, Samsung unveiled its SamsungOne font, a typeface that hopes to give a consistent and universal visual identity to the wide range of Samsung products. SamsungOne was designed to be used across Samsung's diverse device portfolio, with a focus on legibility for everything from smaller devices like smartphones to larger connected TVs or refrigerators, as well as Samsung marketing and advertisements. The font family supports 400 different languages through over 25,000 characters.[181]

Sponsorships

For further information on Samsung's sports sponsorships, see Samsung Sports.
A Samsung display in Salt Lake City during the 2002 Winter Olympics

Samsung Electronics spent an estimated $14 billion (U.S.) on advertising and marketing in 2013. At 5.4% of annual revenue, this is a larger proportion than any of the world's top-20 companies by sales (Apple spent 0.6% and General Motors spent 3.5%). Samsung became the world's biggest advertiser in 2012, spending $4.3 billion, compared to Apple's $1 billion. Samsung's global brand value of $39.6 billion is less than half that of Apple.[182]

In Vietnam

In March 2008, Samsung received an investment certificate and began construction of its first mobile phone manufacturing plant in Vietnam, Samsung Electronics Vietnam (SEV) in Bac Ninh.[183][184][185] The project originally had an investment capital of 670 million USD, but it was quickly increased to 1.5 billion USD, then to 2.5 billion USD, nearly four times the original investment capital.[186][187][188][189]

In the period from 2018 to 2022, Samsung contributed over 306 billion USD in export revenue to Vietnam.[190][191] In 2022 alone, despite the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the figure reached 65 billion USD, contributing significantly to Vietnam's total export value, which for the first time exceeded the 700 billion USD threshold, reaching over 732 billion USD.[186]

In addition, Samsung has also brought Vietnamese businesses deeper into the global value chain and contributed significantly to the development of the electronics industry in Vietnam.[192][193][194] Currently, the number of Vietnamese first- and second-tier suppliers in Samsung's global supply chain has increased tenfold, from 25 businesses in 2014 to 257 businesses by the end of 2022.[195][186]

Controversies

Labor abuses

Samsung was the subject of several complaints about child labor in its supply chain from 2012 to 2015.

In July 2014, Samsung cut its contract with Shinyang Electronics after it received a complaint about the company violating child labor laws.[196] Samsung says that its investigation turned up evidence of Shinyang using underage workers and that it severed relations immediately per its "zero tolerance" policy for child labor violations.

One of Samsung's Chinese supplier factories, HEG, was criticized for using underage workers by China Labor Watch (CLW) in July 2014. HEG denied the charges and has sued China Labor Watch.[197][198] CLW issued a statement in August 2014 claiming that HEG employed over ten children under the age of 16 at a factory in Huizhou, Guangdong. The group said the youngest child identified was 14 years old. Samsung said that it conducted an onsite investigation of the production line that included one-on-one interviews but found no evidence of child labor being used. CLW responded that HEG had already dismissed the workers described in its statement before Samsung's investigators arrived.[196]

CLW also claimed that HEG violated overtime rules for adult workers. CLW said a female college student was only paid her standard wage despite working four hours of overtime per day even though Chinese law requires overtime pay at 1.5 to 2.0 times standard wages.[196]

In 2020, the Australian Strategic Policy Institute accused at least 82 major brands, including Samsung, of being connected to forced Uyghur labor in Xinjiang.[199]

Union-busting activity

Main article: Samsung and unions

Samsung has a no-union policy and has been engaged in union-busting activities around the world.[200][201] Samsung has also been sued by a union for stealing the corpse of a dead worker.[202][203] On 6 May 2020, Samsung vice chairman Lee Jae-yong apologized for the union-busting scandals.[204]

2007 slush fund scandal

Kim Yong-chul, the former head of the legal department at Samsung's Restructuring Office, and Catholic Priests Association for Justice uncovered Lee Kun-hee's slush fund on 29 October 2007. He presented a list of 30 artworks that the Lee family purchased with some of the slush funds, which were to be found in Samsung's warehouse in south of Seoul, along with documents about bribes to prosecutors, judges and lawmakers, tax collectors with thousands of borrowed-named bank account.[205][206]

The court sentenced Lee Kun-hee to 3 years' imprisonment with 5 years' probation, and fined him ₩11 billion (US$9.62 million). But on 29 December 2009, the South Korean president Lee Myung-bak specially pardoned Lee, stating that the intent of the pardon was to allow Lee to remain on the International Olympic Committee.[207]

Kim Yong-chul published the book Thinking about Samsung in 2010. He wrote detailed accounts of Samsung's behavior and how the company lobbied governmental authorities including the court officials, prosecutors and national tax service officials for transferring Samsung's management rights to Lee Jae-yong.[208]

Lee Kun-hee's prostitution scandal

In July 2016, the investigative journal KCIJ-Newstapa released a video which appeared to show Samsung chairman Lee Kun-hee paying a group of prostitutes for sex acts.[209] The footage was filmed on five separate occasions between December 2011 and June 2013 both at Lee's residence and a secret rental home.[210]

Police detained six suspects for taking the compromising videos without Lee Kun-hee's knowledge.[211] Investigators stated that, by threatening to release the tapes, the suspects were able to extort ₩500 million (US$437,082.04) from Samsung, a claim which Samsung representatives denied.[212]

One of the suspects, surnamed Seon, was a former executive of a competitor Chaebol, CJ CheilJedang, which used to be part of Samsung Group until its separation in 1993.[213] Lee Kun-hee's older brother is Lee Jay-hyun, the Chairman of CJ CheilJedang, and the two shared a heated rivalry.[214] This fraternal feud fueled rumours that, as a former CJ employee had been indicted, Lee Jay-hyun had co-ordinated the scandal against his younger brother. However, prosecutors were not able to find sufficient evidence that CJ's leadership had knowledge or involvement in their former executive's actions.[215]

On 12 April 2018, Supreme Court of Korea sentenced the former employee of CJ CheilJedang to four years and six months in prison for blackmail and intimidation.[216]

While it was speculated that prosecutors were looking into Lee Kun-hee's culpability for sex trafficking, charges were never pursued, likely due to his health.[212] Lee Kun-hee had suffered a heart attack in 2014 and had lapsed into a coma, where he remained until his death in 2020.[217][218]

2017 bribery scandal

In February 2017, de facto Samsung leader Lee Jae-yong was arrested for bribery, embezzlement, hiding assets overseas and perjury. In return for government approval for a merger of two Samsung affiliates, it was alleged that Lee paid ₩43 billion (US$37.59 million) to a close friend of incumbent President Park Geun-hye.[219] He was convicted and initially sentenced to 5 years incarceration, but left prison after a year when the Seoul High Court suspended and halved his sentence.[220][221] Then, following a retrial in 2021, Lee was sent back to prison for 2.5 years.[222] He was released early after serving 10 months of his sentence in August 2021 as part of South Korea's yearly tradition of clemency on Liberation Day.[223] In August 2022, Lee received a presidential pardon, which was supported by 70% of the Korean public, according to local polls.[224]

Supporting far-right groups

The investigative team of special prosecutors looking into the 2016 South Korean political scandal announced that the Blue House received money from South Korea's four largest chaebols (Samsung, Hyundai Motor Group, SK Group and LG Group) to fund pro-government demonstrations by conservative and far-right organizations such as the Korean Parent Federation (KPF) and the Moms Brigade.[225]

Price fixing

On 19 October 2011, Samsung companies were fined €145,727,000 for being part of a price cartel of ten companies for DRAMs which lasted from 1 July 1998 to 15 June 2002. The companies received, like most of the other members of the cartel, a 10% reduction for acknowledging the facts to investigators. Samsung had to pay 90% of their share of the settlement, but Micron avoided payment as a result of having initially revealed the case to investigators.[226]

In Canada, during 1999, some DRAM microchip manufacturers conspired to price fix, among the accused included Samsung. The price fix was investigated in 2002. A recession started to occur that year, and the price fix ended; however, in 2014, the Canadian government reopened the case and investigated silently. Sufficient evidence was found and presented to Samsung and two other manufacturers during a class action lawsuit hearing. The companies agreed upon a $120 million agreement, with $40 million as a fine, and $80 million to be paid back to Canadians who purchased a computer, printer, MP3 player, gaming console or camera from April 1999 to June 2002.[227]

Misleading claims

In Australia during 2022, Australia's competition and consumer commission fined Samsung AU$14 million. The fine came due to misleading water resistance claims for over 3.1 million smartphones. The commission stated that during 2016–2018 the company advertised its Galaxy S7, S7 Edge, A5, A7, S8, S8 Plus and Note 8 devices as able to survive short immersion in water. However, after many user complaints about the devices having issues after water submersion, such as charger port corrosion. The ACCC have officially labelled the fact these devices have "water resistance" listed as a feature misleading and proceeded with the fine.[228]

References

  1. ^ a b c 삼성계열사 전자 – 삼성그룹 홈페이지. Archived from the original on 20 September 2016.
  2. ^ "Home and Kitchen Appliance showcase". Samsung. Archived from the original on 9 March 2017.
  3. ^ "SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS Co., Ltd. 2020 Half-year Business Report" (PDF). Retrieved 8 September 2020.
  4. ^ "Global 500 2024 | Brand Value Ranking League Table | Brandirectory". brandirectory.com. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
  5. ^ "Samsung topples Intel to become the world's largest chipmaker – TechCrunch". techcrunch.com. Archived from the original on 25 May 2018. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  6. ^ Mu-Hyun, Cho. "Samsung's logic chip biz turns to AI chips and 5G for change of fortune". ZDNet. Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 25 May 2018.
  7. ^ Park, Kyunghee (28 July 2009). "Samsung Heavy Shares Gain on Shell's Platform Orders (Update1)". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 24 September 2011. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
  8. ^ "The Top 225 International Contractors 2013". Engineering News-Record. Archived from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 25 August 2013.
  9. ^ "Global 500 2009: Industry". FORTUNE. CNN Money. 20 July 2009. Archived from the original on 31 August 2010. Retrieved 4 September 2010.
  10. ^ Valhouli, Christina (21 March 2002). "The World's Best Amusement Parks". Forbes. Archived from the original on 22 August 2010. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
  11. ^ "Cheil Worldwide Inc (030000:Korea SE)". businessweek.com. Archived from the original on 5 October 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
  12. ^ "Cheil Worldwide (030000 KS)" (PDF). kdbdw.com. 26 April 2010. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
  13. ^ 한국 10대 그룹 이름과 로고의 의미. koreadaily.com. 10 July 2006. Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 19 September 2010.
  14. ^ "[Infographic] 20 Things You Didn't Know about Samsung". Samsung Newsroom. 22 May 2013.
  15. ^ H., Victor (30 March 2014). "The hidden meaning behind the names of tech giants: what does Samsung mean?". Phone Arena.
  16. ^ a b "History – Corporate Profile – About Samsung – Samsung". Samsung Group. Archived from the original on 15 April 2011. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
  17. ^ Cain, Geoffrey (17 March 2020). Samsung Rising: The Inside Story of the South Korean Giant That Set Out to Beat Apple and Conquer Tech Paperback. New York: Currency (Crown Publishing Group). ISBN 978-0593236703. OL 20839400W.
  18. ^ Chima, Samuel (28 June 2023). "History Of Samsung". Medium. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  19. ^ "Industrial giant's roots tied to nylon products". Joongangdaily.joins.com. 9 November 2009. Archived from the original on 20 January 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
  20. ^ 효성 40년史..오너 일가 뒷얘기 '눈길'. The Chosun Ilbo. 19 June 2007. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
  21. ^ "Evolution of the TV". news.samsung.com. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  22. ^ "Seoul merger plan to revamp news media". The Straits Times. 17 November 1980. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  23. ^ K-Drama School. Running Press. 2024. ISBN 978-0-7624-8574-1. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
  24. ^ "SPC-1000". old-computers.com. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  25. ^ "Latest Tech News Today". TodayTechnology.
  26. ^ "Samsung to celebrate 100th anniversary of late founder". The Korea Herald. 29 March 2010. Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 21 January 2011.
  27. ^ a b Hansol, Shinsegae Deny Relations with Saehan Archived 13 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine 24 May 2000. Joongangdaily
  28. ^ "Samsung invests $4B in Austin to boost chip output", American City Business Journals, 21 August 2012, archived from the original on 5 October 2012, retrieved 22 August 2012
  29. ^ "Samsung Austin Semiconductor Begins $3.6B Expansion for Advanced Logic Chips" (PDF). Austinchamber.com. 9 June 2010. Retrieved 13 September 2010.[dead link‍]
  30. ^ Hayes, Thomas .C (22 September 1987). "Samsung Sold Chips Illegally". The New York Times. The New York Times. Retrieved 25 May 2020.
  31. ^ "Dubai skyscraper symbol of S. Korea's global heights". CNN. 19 October 2009. Archived from the original on 20 October 2009. Retrieved 19 October 2009.
  32. ^ "Sungkyunkwan University | About SKKU | History & Symbol | History | Chronology". 성균관대학교, SKKU, 성균관대, 성대, Sungkyunkwan University. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  33. ^ Cho, Kevin (24 April 2009). "Samsung Says Hopes of Recovery Are 'Premature' as Profit Falls". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 26 August 2012. Retrieved 4 September 2010.
  34. ^ "Samsung buys Sony's entire stake in LCD joint venture". BBC. 26 December 2011. Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
  35. ^ "Samsung Techwin to spin off-camera business". reuters.com. 6 November 2008. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
  36. ^ "Samsung R&D Institute Poland opens a new office in Cracow, Poland". Samsung. 30 October 2013. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  37. ^ "Samsung Solstice A887 Review". Phone Arena. 10 August 2009.
  38. ^ Choe Sang-Hun (6 November 2007). "Corruption scandal snowballs at South Korea's Samsung Group". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
  39. ^ Business Wire (6 December 2011), Biogen Idec, Inc. (Massachusetts) (BIIB) Teams With Samsung Corporation on $300 Million Biosimilar Venture, BioSpace, biospace.com, archived from the original (press release) on 23 August 2012, retrieved 3 January 2012 {{citation}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  40. ^ Yang, Jun (7 December 2011), "Samsung, Biogen Idec Agree to Set Up $300 Million Venture", Bloomberg Businessweek, New York City: Bloomberg L.P., businessweek.com, archived from the original on 16 January 2013, retrieved 3 January 2012
  41. ^ "Samsung overtakes Nokia in mobile phone shipments". BBC News. 27 April 2012. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
  42. ^ "Samsung overtakes Nokia for Cellphone Lead". Archived from the original on 28 April 2012. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
  43. ^ Vascellaro, Jessica E.. (25 August 2012) The Wall Street Journal Archived 10 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Online.wsj.com. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  44. ^ "Samsung bites back after Apple victory" Archived 30 August 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Al Jazeera English. 26 August 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  45. ^ "South Korean court rules Samsung didn't copy Apple's iPhone design, but both infringed patents – The Washington Post". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 26 August 2012.
  46. ^ Samsung Shares Fall After Apple Wins $1 Billion Verdict Archived 22 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Bloomberg. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  47. ^ "Apple Seeks Ban on Sales of Eight Samsung Phones in U.S." Archived 22 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine Bloomberg. 27 August 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  48. ^ "Apple Denied Motion for Permanent Injunction" Archived 3 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Scribd.com. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  49. ^ AFP (15 April 2013). "Taiwan probes Samsung 'dirty tricks' vs HTC'". Google News. Archived from the original on 28 July 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
  50. ^ CNA (9 April 2013). "Samsung postpones Galaxy 4S debut in Taiwan". Want China Times. Archived from the original on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
  51. ^ Tood Bishop, GeekWire. "New stats: Samsung surges past IBM to lead U.S. patent race for 2015 Archived 22 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine." 15 December 2015. 15 December 2015.
  52. ^ "A Brief History of Samsung's Troubled Galaxy Note 7". Time. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  53. ^ Hern, Alex (11 October 2016). "Samsung Galaxy Note 7 production permanently ended following battery explosions". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 23 February 2019. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
  54. ^ "Samsung Will Ask All Global Partners to Stop Sales and Exchanges of Galaxy Note7 While Further Investigation Takes Place". news.samsung.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
  55. ^ "Samsung scraps Galaxy Note 7 production". BBC News. 11 October 2016. Archived from the original on 2 October 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
  56. ^ "Samsung Inaugurates World's Largest Mobile Factory in India; Honourable Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi Flags-off 'Make for the World'". news.samsung.com.
  57. ^ Kotoky, Anurag; Rai, Saritha (9 July 2018). "World's Largest Mobile Phone Factory Opens in India". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 24 May 2024. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
  58. ^ "Samsung to cut chip production after profits plunge 96%". BBC.
  59. ^ "PCT Yearly Review 2024" (PDF). p. 39.
  60. ^ "Samsung and its attractions – Asia's new model company". The Economist. 1 October 2011. Archived from the original on 4 January 2012. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  61. ^ "South Korea's economy – What do you do when you reach the top?". The Economist. 12 November 2011. Archived from the original on 10 January 2012. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
  62. ^ Hutson, Graham; Richards, Jonathan (17 April 2008). "Samsung chairman charged with tax evasion – Times Online". The Times. London. Archived from the original on 3 May 2011. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  63. ^ Revenue of leading affiliates of Samsung Group as percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) in South Korea from 2017 to 2022 7 November 2023 Statista
  64. ^ Chico Harlan (9 December 2012). "In South Korea, the Republic of Samsung". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
  65. ^ a b Miyoung Kim (17 January 2012). "Samsung Group plans record $41 billion investment in 2012". Reuters. Archived from the original on 25 May 2013. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
  66. ^ Bondarenko, Peter; Gregersen, Erik (25 April 2023). "Samsung". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  67. ^ Kim Kyung-rok (11 April 2011). "Chaebol asset holdings swell under Lee administration". The Hankyoreh. Archived from the original on 3 August 2012. Retrieved 18 September 2011.
  68. ^ 삼성 8년전 타임캡슐 열어보니...지난해 매출 정확히 맞춰. Naver News. 13 January 2011. Archived from the original on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
  69. ^ 한국경제 大计 기업이 이끈다 지난해 주요그룹 매출 보니. Hankook Ilbo. 30 July 2010. Archived from the original on 28 April 2011. Retrieved 4 September 2010.
  70. ^ Barkham, Patrick (9 August 2012). "Samsung: Olympic smartphone firm aims for big global wins". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 19 November 2015. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
  71. ^ "Profile: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd". Reuters. Archived from the original on 22 October 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
  72. ^ "Samsung overtakes Nokia in mobile phone shipments". BBC News. 27 April 2012. Archived from the original on 14 August 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
  73. ^ "Preliminary Worldwide Ranking of the Top 20 Suppliers of Semiconductors in 2011". IHS Isuppli. Archived from the original on 27 June 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
  74. ^ "Completion Ceremony for EDS Production". toray.com. Archived from the original on 30 November 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  75. ^ Yang, Jun (25 February 2011). "Samsung Group, Quintiles Plan $266 Million Venture to Make Biologic Drugs". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  76. ^ "Biogen Idec (NASDAQ:BIIB) and Samsung JV". livetradingnews.com. Archived from the original on 15 June 2012.
  77. ^ Sturman, Catherine (17 May 2020). "Biogen pays $700mn to gain 49.9% share in Samsung Bioepis". Healthcareglobal.com. Healthcare. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  78. ^ "Biogen Idec and Samsung Bioepis Ink Biosimilar Deal". Mary Ann Liebert. Vol. 34, no. 2. 15 January 2014. p. 14.
  79. ^ "Samsung Engineering Co Ltd (028050.KS)". REUTERS. Archived from the original on 20 June 2017. Retrieved 22 February 2017.
  80. ^ "2011 Financial Statements" (PDF). Samsung Engineering. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 June 2013. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
  81. ^ "Profile: Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance Co Ltd". Reuters. Archived from the original on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  82. ^ "Corporate Profile". Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance. Archived from the original on 5 February 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  83. ^ a b "Annual Report 2010". Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance. Archived from the original on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  84. ^ "Company Profile for Samsung Heavy Industries Co Ltd". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 19 August 2013. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
  85. ^ "Separate Statements of Income Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2010" (PDF). Samsung Heavy Industries. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
  86. ^ "From bad to worse". The Korea Times. 19 August 2012. Archived from the original on 30 October 2012. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
  87. ^ a b c "2011 Annual Report" (PDF). Samsung Life Insurance. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2012.
  88. ^ "Company Profile for Samsung Life Insurance Co Ltd". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 3 June 2012. Retrieved 28 August 2012.
  89. ^ Hu Yuanyuan (7 July 2005). "Insurance joint venture off to flying start". 英语频道-搜狐网站. Beijing Sohu New Media Information Technology Co. Ltd. Archived from the original on 5 October 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  90. ^ "Siam Samsung Life ready to reawaken". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  91. ^ "Samsung SDI to acquire Magna International's battery pack business". www.samsungsdi.com (in Korean). Archived from the original on 13 February 2017. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
  92. ^ "Jousting with flat panels, Samsung SDI taps super-slim CRT | EE Times". 8 November 2004.
  93. ^ "Samsung Hungary to Halt CRT Production". KBS World Radio.
  94. ^ "Samsung SDI halts CRT production in Malaysia plant – Pulse by Maeil Business News Korea". pulsenews.co.kr.
  95. ^ "20T202DA2JA (Rev 2.0)" (PDF). Samsung SDI. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
  96. ^ "Samsung SDI Unveils E-bike Battery Capable of 100km on Single Charge". Be Korea-savvy. 26 August 2015. Archived from the original on 26 December 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  97. ^ "Samsung SDI to Build Electric Vehicle Battery Plant for European Market". TheStreet. 30 August 2016. Archived from the original on 31 August 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  98. ^ Jamasmie, Cecilia (3 May 2019). "Tesla warns of coming battery minerals shortage". Glacier Media Group. mining.com.
  99. ^ "Philips, LG Electronics, 4 others fined 1.47 billion Euros for EU cartel". The Economic Times. 5 December 2012. Archived from the original on 26 May 2013. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
  100. ^ "Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co – Profile". Bloomberg Businessweek. Archived from the original on 5 September 2011. Retrieved 26 August 2012.
  101. ^ "History of Progress". Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology.
  102. ^ "Samsung's Cheil Industries submits plans for roughly $1.4 billion IPO" (Press release). Reuters. 14 October 2014. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 1 July 2017.
  103. ^ "Overview | About The Shilla | The Shilla Hotels & Resorts". www.shillahotels.com. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  104. ^ Roberts, Rob (26 October 2009). "AECOM Technology buys Ellerbe Becket". kansascity.bizjournals.com. Archived from the original on 29 October 2009. Retrieved 19 September 2010.
  105. ^ "Overview – About SMC – Samsung Medical Center". 삼성서울병원. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  106. ^ 기업의 사회공헌 삼성그룹, 함께 가는 '창조 경영'... 봉사도 1등. dt.co.kr. 13 December 2006. Archived from the original on 30 April 2011. Retrieved 19 September 2010.
  107. ^ "Pfizer to Study Liver Cancer in Korean Patients with Samsung Medical Center". GEN – Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News. 14 July 2010. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
  108. ^ "Pfizer And SMC Collaborate On Liver Cancer | Pfizer". www.pfizer.com.
  109. ^ "Samsung refocuses on its core business as it sells security arm Samsung Techwin to Hanwha Group". December 2014. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  110. ^ a b c "(LEAD) Hanwha wraps up takeover of four Samsung arms". 28 June 2015. Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  111. ^ "Company Overview of Samsung Thales Co., Ltd". bloomberg.com. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
  112. ^ "Lotte Chemical Completes Takeover of Samsung Group's Chemical Businesses". 비즈니스코리아 – BusinessKorea. 2 May 2016.
  113. ^ "Samsung Group sells chemical assets to Lotte Group for $2.6 billion". Reuters. 30 October 2015 – via reuters.com.
  114. ^ "Alpha's demise thwarts Samsung's processor dreams, analysts say". eetimes.com. Archived from the original on 13 July 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  115. ^ "LED EXPO&OLED EXPO 2011 An Interview with GE Lighting". us.GFSSGYG aving.net. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  116. ^ "Steel firms in B2B venture". money.cnn.com. 10 May 2000. Archived from the original on 5 October 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
  117. ^ "Competing with Apple, Samsung is Going to Release the Next Galaxy Note in Early September". 18 August 2014. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014.
  118. ^ "016360.KS – Samsung Securities Co Ltd Profile". www.reuters.com. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  119. ^ "012750.KS". Reuters. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  120. ^ "History : S-1". www.s1.co.kr. Archived from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  121. ^ "South Korea Starts Grain Venture in Chicago to Secure Supply". bloomberg.com. Archived from the original on 19 August 2013. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  122. ^ "Brooks Automation and Samsung Electronics Announce a Joint Venture". Investors – Brooks Automation, Inc. Brooks Automation, Inc. Archived from the original on 5 February 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  123. ^ "POSCO and Subsidiaries" (PDF). London Stock Exchange. London Stock Exchange plc. 31 December 2008. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
  124. ^ "Samsung to sell chemicals and defence operations for $1.7bn". Kable. 26 November 2014. Archived from the original on 11 April 2015. Retrieved 6 March 2014.
  125. ^ "Samsung BP Chemicals". BP. Archived from the original on 3 April 2015. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
  126. ^ "Company Overview of Samsung BP Chemicals Co., Ltd". Bloomberg Business. Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
  127. ^ "Samsung and Sumitomo Chemical to make sapphire substrates for LEDs". ledsmagazine.com. Archived from the original on 1 May 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  128. ^ "company/introduce". sdflex.com. Archived from the original on 22 September 2013. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  129. ^ "Samsung Aerospace, Sermatech Launch Korean JV". The Chosun Ilbo. Archived from the original on 11 May 2012. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  130. ^ "Siltronic-Samsung Joint Venture". wacker.com. Archived from the original on 5 October 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  131. ^ jtomich@post-dispatch.com > 314-340-8320, JEFFREY TOMICH • (15 February 2011). "MEMC, Samsung form Korean polysilicon venture". STLtoday.com. Retrieved 15 June 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  132. ^ "Toray/Samsung JV boosts FPD circuit substrate capacity". electroiq.com. Archived from the original on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  133. ^ "Shipyards in Brazil – Rev. D, June 2010" (PDF). INTSOK. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 February 2014.
  134. ^ "Milestone launch at Brazil's Atlântico Sul". MarineLog. Archived from the original on 22 May 2012. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
  135. ^ "Company Analysis" (PDF). rdata.youfirst.co.kr. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 April 2014. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  136. ^ "139130.KS – DGB Financial Group Co Ltd Profile". Reuters. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
  137. ^ Reisinger, Don (23 October 2013). "Samsung eyes 7.4 percent stake in Gorilla Glass maker Corning". CNET News. CBS Interactive Inc. Archived from the original on 24 October 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  138. ^ "Doosan Engine ends 33.2 pct higher on stock market debut". yonhapnews.co.kr. 3 January 2011. Archived from the original on 15 November 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  139. ^ Kim, Dong-One; Bae, Johngseok (5 July 2017). Employment Relations and HRM in South Korea. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-94042-9.
  140. ^ "MEMC Korea Company". memc.com. Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  141. ^ "Samsung to buy 10 percent stake in rival Pantech". ZDNet. Retrieved 23 October 2013.[dead link‍]
  142. ^ "Rambus, Inc. RMBS". morningstar.ca. Archived from the original on 10 August 2012. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
  143. ^ "Seagate to Buy Samsung's Hard-Disk Unit for $1.38 Billion, Build Alliance". Bloomberg Businessweek. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
  144. ^ "Samsung buys stake in struggling Sharp". money.cnn.com. Archived from the original on 10 March 2013. Retrieved 23 October 2013.
  145. ^ "Posco Heavy Industries' may be in the works" (PDF). Korea JoongAng Daily. Retrieved 19 March 2012.[permanent dead link‍]
  146. ^ "POSCO Takes Over Plant Maker Sungjin Geotec – Pulse by Maeil Business News Korea". pulsenews.co.kr (in Korean). Retrieved 1 June 2021.
  147. ^ "Taylor Energy Sells Gulf of Mexico Assets to Two South Korean Companies". reuters.com. 1 February 2008. Archived from the original on 26 July 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  148. ^ "Voigtländer & Rollei non-camera items". 9 June 1997. Archived from the original on 21 August 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
  149. ^ "Basel 96 Watches Take Back the Spotlight". jckonline.com. June 1996. Archived from the original on 5 February 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
  150. ^ "Franke & Heidecke – Rollei TLRs". Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  151. ^ "Samsung Loses Attempt to Acquire Fokker". Los Angeles Times. 1 January 1997. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
  152. ^ "Samsung buys Dutch group in return to M&A". Financial Times. 9 June 1997. Archived from the original on 26 January 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
  153. ^ "FUBU Shoes". shoeshowcase.net. Archived from the original on 24 December 2010. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
  154. ^ Feloni, Richard. "'Shark Tank' investor Daymond John landed a deal that helped him make $30 million by taking out a newspaper ad". Business Insider. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  155. ^ "Samsung-Rothschild alliance". The Korea Times. 5 November 2008. Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
  156. ^ Ramstad, Evan (14 December 2010). "Samsung Electronics Buys Ultrasound-Monitor Maker Medison - WSJ.com". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 10 May 2013. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
  157. ^ Dylan McGrath, EE Times. "Samsung buys MRAM developer Grandis Archived 27 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine." 2 August 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  158. ^ Chris Preimesberger, eWeek. "Samsung Acquires New-Gen Memory Maker Grandis Archived 15 May 2016 at the Portuguese Web Archive." 2 August 2011. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  159. ^ "Samsung to buy Sony half of LCD venture". 26 December 2011.
  160. ^ Samsung Electronics Acquires Mspot| Mspot
  161. ^ Samsung Electronics Acquires NVELO. Samsung.com (14 December 2012). Retrieved 19 March 2013. Archived 23 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine
  162. ^ Samsung Buys Medical Imaging Company NeuroLogica Archived 5 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine. TechCrunch (28 January 2013). Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  163. ^ Samsung Acquires SmartThings, A Fast-Growing Home Automation Startup Archived 30 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Forbes (14 August 2014). Retrieved 19 August 2014.
  164. ^ Samsung buys U.S. air conditioner firm Quietside in 'smart home' push Archived 6 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Foxbusiness (19 August 2014). Retrieved 19 August 2014.
  165. ^ "Samsung Electronics Acquires Proximal Data" (Press release). Samsung. 3 November 2014. Archived from the original on 5 February 2016.
  166. ^ Stein, Scott (19 February 2015). "Samsung's LoopPay: What it is, and why you should care". CNET News. CBS Interactive Inc. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  167. ^ By Min-Jeong Lee, The Wall Street Journal. "Samsung's Latest Acquisition: Utah-Based Yesco Electronics Archived 18 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine." 5 March 2015. 27 March 2015.
  168. ^ Panzarino, Matthew (5 October 2016). "Samsung acquires Viv, a next-gen AI assistant built by the creators of Apple's Siri". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on 10 October 2016. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
  169. ^ Tibken, Shara (15 November 2016). "Samsung's new acquisition will make your texts more interesting". CNET News. CBS Interactive Inc. Archived from the original on 17 November 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
  170. ^ "The Russian offshore project "Sakhalin II" is relying on Arma-Chek R". armacell.com. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2011.
  171. ^ "Samsung Heavy Industries". Forbes. 23 September 2009. Archived from the original on 31 May 2010. Retrieved 13 September 2010.
  172. ^ "Samsung Heavy Signs Deal with Shell to Build LNG Facilities". hellenicshippingnews.com. 31 July 2009. Retrieved 13 September 2010.[dead link‍]
  173. ^ "Major construction begins on the Prelude FLNG project". 18 October 2012. Archived from the original on 15 July 2014. Retrieved 15 July 2014.
  174. ^ "The gas platform that will be the world's biggest 'ship'". BBC. 15 July 2011. Archived from the original on 30 December 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  175. ^ "Seoul wins 40-billion-dollar UAE nuclear power deal". france24.com. 28 December 2009. Archived from the original on 3 March 2011. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
  176. ^ "Korean Companies Anchor Ontario's Green Economy – January 21, 2010". premier.gov.on.ca. 21 January 2010. Archived from the original on 15 May 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2010.
  177. ^ 한국 10대 그룹 이름과 로고의 의미. The Korea Daily. JMnet USA. 7 June 2010. Archived from the original on 29 April 2011. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  178. ^ "Speaker". Audio Branding Academy. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  179. ^ "Logo Video". MusikVergnuegen – YouTube. 11 October 2022.
  180. ^ Sharp. Samsung Sharp Sans.
  181. ^ Chaim Gartenberg, The Verge. "Samsung developed its own font called SamsungOne". Archived 26 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine. 25 July 2016.
  182. ^ Kim, Miyoung (27 November 2013). "Samsung's marketing splurge doesn't always bring bang-for-buck". Reuters. Archived from the original on 1 October 2015. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
  183. ^ "Samsung Việt Nam: Nơi ước mơ thành hiện thực". Tin nhanh chứng khoán (in Vietnamese). 16 June 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  184. ^ "Samsung Electronics Việt Nam – 10 năm kiến tâm – tạo tầm – vượt kỳ tích". news.samsung.com (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  185. ^ Dương -, Nhật (6 April 2023). "Hành trình 15 năm từ nhà đầu tư đến doanh nghiệp được địa phương tin tưởng". Nhịp sống kinh tế Việt Nam & Thế giới (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  186. ^ a b c Nguyễn Đức (12 May 2023). "Samsung – 15 năm đồng hành, tin tưởng và thành công cùng Việt Nam". baochinhphu.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  187. ^ "Samsung - bước chân người khổng lồ". baodautu (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  188. ^ "Samsung nhận hàng loạt giải thưởng tại Better Choice Awards 2023: Nhìn lại 15 năm góp phần thay đổi bức tranh công nghiệp điện tử Việt Nam". cafebiz.vn (in Vietnamese). 29 October 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  189. ^ "Samsung vì sao gọi là "hiện tượng" đầu tư FDI?". Tin nhanh chứng khoán (in Vietnamese). 6 July 2014. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  190. ^ "Samsung Electronics và LG Electronics làm ăn ra sao tại Việt Nam?". cafebiz.vn (in Vietnamese). 17 July 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  191. ^ VCCorp.vn (12 May 2023). "Samsung Thái Nguyên đạt kỷ lục chưa từng có trong lịch sử Samsung Mobile toàn cầu chỉ trong 20 ngày". cafef (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  192. ^ Thành, Nam (20 April 2023). "Chính phủ sẽ tiếp tục đồng hành cùng Samsung phát triển bền vững". Báo Kinh tế đô thị - Đọc tin tức thời sự kinh tế 24h mới nhất (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  193. ^ Minh -, Phúc (14 July 2023). "Samsung hỗ trợ doanh nghiệp nội địa tham gia vào chuỗi giá trị toàn cầu". Nhịp sống kinh tế Việt Nam & Thế giới (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  194. ^ "Số doanh nghiệp Việt tham gia chuỗi cung ứng của Samsung đã tăng 10 lần". TUOI TRE ONLINE (in Vietnamese). 1 March 2023. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  195. ^ "TTWTO VCCI - Việt Nam - trung tâm chuỗi cung ứng của thế giới". trungtamwto.vn. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
  196. ^ a b c Reisinger, Don (28 August 2014). "Samsung supplier factory found to use child labor, watchdog says". CNET. United States. Archived from the original on 28 February 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
  197. ^ "Another Samsung supplier factory exploiting child labor". chinalaborwatch.org. Archived from the original on 21 January 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
  198. ^ "Cover-up involving underage workers at Samsung supplier alleged by labor group". PCWorld. Archived from the original on 22 January 2015. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
  199. ^ Xiuzhong Xu, Vicky; Cave, Danielle; Leibold, James; Munro, Kelsey; Ruser, Nathan (1 March 2020). "Uyghurs for sale". Australian Strategic Policy Institute. Retrieved 20 April 2022.
  200. ^ "[Special report- Part V] Samsung has come under fire worldwide for its union-busting tactics". The Hankyoreh. 26 June 2019. Archived from the original on 27 June 2019.
  201. ^ "Samsung VP gets jail term for attempting to break up labor union". 13 December 2019. Archived from the original on 15 December 2019.
  202. ^ "[Reportage] A worker's body is stolen". The Hankyoreh English Edition. 30 May 2014. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  203. ^ "Samsung VP gets jail term for attempting to break up labor union". Yonhap News Agency. 13 December 2019. Archived from the original on 15 December 2019.
  204. ^ Sang-hun, Choe (6 May 2020). "Samsung Heir Apologizes for Corruption and Union-Busting Scandals". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 6 May 2020.
  205. ^ "Slush-fund artworks found in Samsung warehouse". Yonhap News Agency. 24 January 2008. Archived from the original on 28 April 2021.
  206. ^ Sang-hun, Choe (20 November 2007). "New Bribery Allegation Roils Samsung". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 June 2019.
  207. ^ So-eui, Rhee (29 December 2009). "South Korea to pardon former Samsung chairman". Reuters. Archived from the original on 28 April 2019.
  208. ^ "Samsung whistle-blower publishes revealing book about the company's corruption". The Hankyoreh. 1 February 2010. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021.
  209. ^ Gyeong-rae, Kim; In-bo, Sim (21 July 2016). "Samsung Chairman Lee Kunhee Engaged in Suspected Prostitution". KCIJ-NewsTapa. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021.
  210. ^ Jung, Yeon-jin (23 July 2016). "Samsung Chairman Lee Kun-hee Mired in Prostitution Scandal". The Korea IT Times. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  211. ^ "6 indicted for making Samsung chief's sex tape". The Korea Times. 29 March 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  212. ^ a b "Creators of Samsung chairman's sex tape arrested". The Korea Times. 15 March 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  213. ^ "CJ rises as beacon of Korean food, shopping, pop culture-The Korea Herald". 4 March 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  214. ^ "Lee Jay-hyun turns CJ into conglomerate". The Korea Times. 15 November 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  215. ^ Hyun-ju, Ock (29 March 2017). "Sibling rivalry behind Samsung chief's 'sex video' scandal?". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  216. ^ 이건희 성매매 의혹 동영상' 찍은 일당 실형 확정. [Imprisonment confirmed for the person who filmed the video of Lee Kun-hee's prostitution suspicion]. Yonhap News Agency. 12 April 2018. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021.
  217. ^ Mundy, Simon (11 May 2014). "Samsung chairman Lee Kun-hee hospitalised after heart attack". Financial Times. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  218. ^ "Prostitution Allegations Investigated Against Samsung Boss". Voice of America. 27 July 2016. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  219. ^ Jake Kwon, Sophie Jeong (18 January 2021). "Samsung heir Jay Y. Lee sentenced to 2 1/2 years in prison for bribery and embezzlement | CNN Business". CNN. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  220. ^ "Lee Jae Yong: Samsung heir gets prison term for bribery scandal". BBC News. 18 January 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  221. ^ He-rim, Jo (5 February 2018). "[Breaking] Lee Jae-yong gets suspended sentence, released in appeals trial". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  222. ^ "Samsung heir Lee Jae-yong imprisoned again". The Korea Times. 18 January 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  223. ^ Jun-tae, Ko (13 August 2021). "Samsung's Lee Jae-yong walks free on parole". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  224. ^ Mao, Frances (12 August 2022). "Lee Jae-yong: Why South Korea just pardoned the Samsung 'prince'". BBC News. Retrieved 19 January 2024.
  225. ^ Nam-il, Kim; Young-ji, Seo (31 January 2017). "Nearly $6 million flowed from chaebol to far right groups over three years". The Hankyoreh. Archived from the original on 31 January 2017.
  226. ^ "Antitrust: Commission fines DRAM producers €331 million for price cartel; reaches first settlement in a cartel case". European Commission. Archived from the original on 7 July 2010. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
  227. ^ "Canadian DRAM Class Action". themoneyismine.com. Archived from the original on 15 September 2015. Retrieved 31 August 2015.
  228. ^ Sharwood, Simon (23 June 2022). "Samsung fined $14 million for misleading smartphone water resistance claims". The Register. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Samsung.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samsung&oldid=1256921715"