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Seoul Subway Line 1

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Line 1
Overview
Native name1호선（一號線）
Il Hoseon
StatusOperational
Termini
Stations97
Seoul Metro: 10
Korail: 87
Service
TypeRapid transit/Suburban Rail
SystemSeoul Metropolitan Subway
Operator(s)Seoul Metro & Korail
History
OpenedAugust 15, 1974
Technical
Line length200.6 km (124.6 mi)
Seoul Metro: 7.8 km (4.8 mi)[1]
Korail: 192.8 km (119.8 mi)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Operating speed100 km/h (62 mph)
Route map

Line 1 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway is a commuter rail service which links central Seoul, South Korea to Soyosan Station in the northeast, Incheon in the southwest, and Sinchang via Suwon and Cheonan in the south. The central underground portion of this rail line is the oldest subway section in the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system; the entire rail line covers a large part of the Seoul Capital Area. The underground section between Seoul Station and Cheongnyangni Station, which is referred to as Seoul Metro Line 1 (7.8 kilometers (4.8 mi)), is currently operated by Seoul Metro.[1] The line first opened in 1974 as the '''Korean National Railroad of Seoul''' with through services to national mainline railways from Seongbuk Station (now: Kwangwoon University Station) to Incheon and Suwon Stations.[2] At the time, the 7.8 km underground portion was run by Seoul Metro was called Line 1 and labeled red on maps. On the other hand, the remaining sections of the rail line run by Korail were labeled either blue or gray on maps, and the express lines were red. In 2000, the adjacent through-running Korail services from the Gyeongbu, Gyeongin and Gyeongwon Lines were officially bundled together as part of a greater Line 1, and the labeling on maps was changed to the current dark blue color. Commuter railway service was extended to Sinchang in December 2008.[citation needed]

Frequent service is provided between Soyosan, Dongducheon, Uijeongbu, Cheongnyangni, Seoul, Yongsan, and Guro, where trains split between Incheon in the west and Byeongjeom and Cheonan in the south. Express trains operate from Yongsan and Seoul Stations to Dongincheon and Sinchang stations.

Trains travel along Gyeongbu (Seoul-Cheonan), Gyeongin (Guro-Incheon), Janghang (Cheonan-Sinchang) and Gyeongwon (Hoegi-Soyosan) railway lines.

In June 2006, Jinwi and Jije Stations opened on the Gyeongbu Line. In January 2010 Dangjeong Station opened, between Gunpo and Uiwang Stations. Part of the Gyeongwon Line from Dongducheon (formerly Dongan) to Uijeongbu was merged into Line 1 in December 2006.

The line runs on the left-hand side of the track, as opposed to the right-hand side of the track like all of the other Seoul Metropolitan Subway lines do.[3]

Rapid (Express) trains

Korail operates a variety of express "rapid" (급행, 急行) trains for long distance commuter services on Line 1. These services include:

  • Gyeongin line express services from Yongsan to Dongincheon, operating express between Guro and Dongincheon, including:
    • Regular express services, introduced on January 29, 1999, following quadruple-tracking of the Gyeongin Line.
    • Faster limited express (특급) trains, introduced on July 7, 2017.
  • Gyeongbu line express services, including:
    • Yongsan-Cheonan/Sinchang express services.
    • Seoul Station-Cheonan/Sinchang (green express), skipping all stations between Seoul Station and Geumcheon-gu Office Station, making intermediate stops at Anyang, Gunpo, and Uiwang, and then following the Yeongsan-Cheonan/Sinchang express service pattern south of Suwon.
  • Gyeongwon line express services from Dongducheon (although several trains originate from Soyosan) to Incheon, operating express between Dongducheon and Kwangwoon University and run local between Incheon and Kwangwoon University.

Former express services include:

  • One late night Gyeongin line express service that originated at Soyosan, made all stops to Guro, then made express stops until Incheon.
  • Yeongdeungpo-Byeongjeom Gyeongbu line express service, skipping all stations between Yeongdeungpo and Anyang and then following the Yeongsan-Cheonan/Sinchang express service pattern south of Anyang until Byeongjeom. This service was introduced on August 25, 2014 and was discontinued on December 9, 2016.
  • Two faster Yongsan-Sinchang limited express trains (one in each direction), introduced in 2013. This train only operated on weekends and holidays. It was discontinued on July 1, 2018.

Stations

Template:BS-map

Main Lines

GW: Gyeongwon (Dongducheon - Incheon) express
GI: Gyeongin (Yongsan - Dongincheon) express
GB: Gyeongbu red express
SC: Gyeongbu green (Seoul - Cheonan/Sinchang) limited stop

● stops at the station
｜ does not stop at the station
▲ stops in the morning only, both directions
○ limited service
Station
Number
Station Name
English
Station Name
Hangul
Station Name
Hanja
GW
GI
GB
SC
Transfer
Line Name
Distance
in km
Total
Distance
Location
100
 Soyosan 소요산 逍遙山
○
No service
No service
Gyeongwon Line
---
0.0
Gyeonggi-do
Dongducheon-si
101
 Dongducheon 동두천 東豆川
●
2.5
2.5
102
 Bosan 보산 保山
｜
1.6
4.1
103
 Dongducheon Jungang 동두천중앙 東豆川中央
●
1.4
5.5
104
 Jihaeng 지행 紙杏
｜
1.0
6.5
105
 Deokjeong 덕정 德亭
●
5.6
12.1
Yangju-si
106
 Deokgye 덕계 德溪
｜
2.9
15.0
107
 Yangju 양주 楊州
●
5.3
20.3
108
 Nogyang 녹양 綠揚
｜
1.6
21.9
Uijeongbu-si
109
 Ganeung 가능 佳陵
｜
1.3
23.2
110
 Uijeongbu 의정부 議政府
●
1.2
24.4
111
 Hoeryong 회룡 回龍
●
 U Line
1.6
26.0
112
 Mangwolsa 망월사 望月寺
｜
1.4
27.4
113
 Dobongsan 도봉산 道峰山
●
2.3
29.7
Seoul
Dobong-gu
114
 Dobong 도봉 道峰
｜
1.2
30.9
115
 Banghak 방학 放鶴
｜
1.3
32.2
116
 Chang-dong 창동 倉洞
●
1.7
33.9
117
 Nokcheon 녹천 鹿川
｜
1.0
34.9
118
 Wolgye 월계 月溪
｜
1.4
36.3
Nowon-gu
119
 Kwangwoon Univ. 광운대 光云大
●
 Gyeongchun Line
1.1
37.4
120
 Seokgye 석계 石溪
Makes all stops
1.1
38.5
121
 Sinimun 신이문 新里門
1.4
39.9
Dongdaemun-gu
122
 Hankuk Univ. of Foreign Studies 외대앞 外大앞
0.8
40.7
123
 Hoegi 회기 回基 Gyeongui–Jungang Line Gyeongchun Line
0.8
41.5
124
 Cheongnyangni 청량리 淸凉里 Gyeongui–Jungang Line Gyeongchun Line
Mugunghwa-ho and ITX-Saemaeul services
Seoul Metro Line 1
1.4
42.9
125
 Jegi-dong 제기동 祭基洞
1.0
43.9
126
 Sinseol-dong 신설동 新設洞 (Seongsu branch) Ui LRT
0.9
44.8
127
 Dongmyo 동묘앞 東廟앞
0.7
45.5
Jongno-gu
128
 Dongdaemun 동대문 東大門
0.6
46.1
129
 Jongno 5(o)-ga 종로5가 鍾路5街
0.8
46.9
130
 Jongno 3(sam)-ga 종로3가 鍾路3街
0.9
47.8
131
 Jonggak 종각 鐘閣
0.8
48.6
132
 City Hall 시청 市廳
1.0
49.6
Jung-gu
133
 Seoul Station 서울역 서울驛
●
 		Gyeongui–Jungang Line (Seoul Station branch)
Mugunghwa-ho and ITX-Saemaeul services
1.1
50.7
134
 Namyeong 남영 南營
｜
Gyeongbu Line
1.7
52.4
Yongsan-gu
135
 Yongsan 용산 龍山
●
Makes all stops
｜
 		Gyeongui–Jungang Line
Mugunghwa-ho, Saemaeul-ho, and ITX-Saemaeul services
1.5
53.9
136
 Noryangjin 노량진 鷺梁津
●
｜
2.6
56.5
Dongjak-gu
137
 Daebang 대방 大方
○
｜
1.5
58.0
Yeongdeungpo-gu
138
 Singil 신길 新吉
○
｜
0.8
58.8
139
 Yeongdeungpo 영등포 永登浦
○
▲ ↓ [4]
 		Mugunghwa-ho, Saemaeul-ho, and ITX-Saemaeul services
(limited service)
1.0
59.8
140
 Sindorim 신도림 新道林
●
｜
1.5
61.3
Guro-gu
141
 Guro 구로 九老
●
｜
 		(for Sinchang, Gwangmeong, or Seodongtan)
1.1
62.4
142
 Guil 구일 九一
｜
No service
Gyeongin Line
1.4
63.8
143
 Gaebong 개봉 開峰
○
1.0
64.8
144
 Oryu-dong 오류동 梧柳洞
｜
1.3
66.1
145
 Onsu 온수 溫水
｜
1.9
68.0
146
 Yeokgok 역곡 驛谷
○
1.3
69.3
Gyeonggi-do
Bucheon-si
147
 Sosa 소사 素砂
｜
 		 Seohae 
1.5
70.8
148
 Bucheon 부천 富川
●
1.1
71.9
149
 Jung-dong 중동 中洞
｜
1.7
73.6
150
 Songnae 송내 松內
●
1.0
74.6
151
 Bugae 부개 富開
｜
1.2
75.8
Incheon
Bupyeong-gu
152
 Bupyeong 부평 富平
●
 		File:Seoul Metro Line ic1.svg
1.5
77.3
153
 Baegun 백운 白雲
｜
1.7
79.0
154
 Dongam 동암 銅岩
○
1.5
80.5
155
 Ganseok 간석 間石
｜
1.2
81.7
Michuhol-gu
156
 Juan 주안 朱安
●
 		File:Seoul Metro Line ic2.svg
1.2
82.9
157
 Dohwa 도화 道禾
｜
1.0
83.9
158
 Jemulpo 제물포 濟物浦
○
1.0
84.9
159
 Dowon 도원 桃源
｜
1.4
86.3
Jung-gu
160
 Dongincheon 동인천 東仁川
●
1.2
87.5
161
 Incheon 인천 仁川
No service
 Suin–Bundang Line
1.9
89.4
141
 Guro 구로 九老
●
●
●
｜
 		(for Incheon)
Gyeongbu Line
1.1
62.4
Seoul
Guro-gu
P142
 Gasan Digital Complex 가산디지털단지 加山디지털團地
No service
●
｜
2.4
64.8
Geumcheon-gu
P143
 Doksan 독산 禿山
｜
｜
2.0
66.8
P144
 Geumcheon-gu Office 금천구청 衿川區廳
｜
●
 		(for Gwangmyeong)
1.2
68.0
P145
 Seoksu 석수 石水
｜
｜
2.3
70.3
Gyeonggi-do
Anyang-si
P146
 Gwanak 관악 冠岳
｜
｜
1.9
72.2
P147
 Anyang 안양 安養
○
●
 		Mugunghwa-ho services (limited service)
2.4
74.6
P148
 Myeonghak 명학 鳴鶴
｜
｜
2.2
76.8
P149
 Geumjeong 금정 衿井
｜
｜
1.4
78.2
Gunpo-si
P150
 Gunpo 군포 軍浦
｜
●
2.2
80.4
P151
 Dangjeong 당정 堂井
｜
｜
1.2
81.6
P152
 Uiwang 의왕 義王
｜
●
3.0
84.6
Uiwang-si
P153
 Sungkyunkwan Univ. 성균관대 成均館大
｜
▲
2.9
87.5
Suwon-si
P154
 Hwaseo 화서 華西
｜
｜
2.6
90.1
P155
 Suwon 수원 水原
●
 Suin–Bundang Line
Mugunghwa-ho, Saemaeul-ho, and ITX-Saemaeul services
(limited service)
2.1
92.2
P156
 Seryu 세류 細柳
｜
2.9
95.1
P157
 Byeongjeom 병점 餅店
○
●
 		(for Seodongtan)
4.3
99.4
Hwaseong-si
P158
 Sema 세마 洗馬
｜
2.4
101.8
Osan-si
P159
 Osan College 오산대 烏山大
｜
2.7
104.5
P160
 Osan 오산 烏山
○
●
 		Mugunghwa-ho services (limited service)
2.7
107.2
P161
 Jinwi 진위 振威
｜
4.0
111.2
Pyeongtaek-si
P162
 Songtan 송탄 松炭
｜
3.8
115.0
P163
 Seojeong-ri 서정리 西井里
○
●
 		Mugunghwa-ho services (limited service)
2.2
117.2
P164
 Jije 지제 芝制
｜
 Suseo HSR
4.8
122.0
P165
 Pyeongtaek 평택 平澤
●
 Mugunghwa-ho, Saemaeul-ho (limited service), and ITX-Saemaeul (limited service) services
125.7
P166
 Seonghwan 성환 成歡
○
●
 		Mugunghwa-ho services (limited service)
9.4
135.1
Chungcheong
nam-do
Cheonan-si
P167
 Jiksan 직산 稷山
｜
5.4
140.5
P168
 Dujeong 두정 斗井
●
3.8
144.3
P169
 Cheonan 천안 天安
●
 Mugunghwa-ho, Saemaeul-ho, and ITX-Saemaeul services
3.0
147.3
P170
 Bongmyeong 봉명 鳳鳴
Makes all stops (limited service)
Janghang Line
1.5
148.8
P171
 Ssangyong 쌍용 雙龍
1.5
150.3
P172
 Asan 아산 牙山 Mugunghwa-ho and Saemaeul-ho services
1.5
151.8
Asan-si
P174
 Baebang 배방 排芳
4.9
156.7
P176
 Onyangoncheon 온양온천 溫陽溫泉 Mugunghwa-ho and Saemaeul-ho services
4.9
161.6
P177
 Sinchang 신창 新昌
5.1
166.7

Yeongdeungpo - Gwangmyeong shuttle service

Station
Number
Station Name
English
Station Name
Hangul
Station Name
Hanja
Transfer
Line Name
Distance
in km
Total
Distance
Location
P144
 Geumcheon-gu Office 금천구청 衿川區廳 (for Sinchang or Seodongtan)
Gyeongbu high-speed railway
1.2
68.0
Seoul
Geumcheon-gu
P144-1
 Gwangmyeong 광명 光明
4.7
72.7
Gyeonggi-do
Gwangmyeong-si

Byeongjeom Depot spur service

Station
Number
Station Name
English
Station Name
Hangul
Station Name
Hanja
Transfer
Distance
in km
Total
Distance
Location
P157
 Byeongjeom 병점 餠店 (for Sinchang)
4.3
99.4
Gyeonggi-do
Hwaseong-si
P157-1
 Seodongtan 서동탄 西東灘
2.2
101.6
Osan-si

Historical Timeline

Seoul Subway map in the early 1980s, which shows the Korail-managed portions of Line 1 in blue and its underground portion as red.

1974

August 15: Line 1 is officially opened with 9 stations from Seoul to Cheongnyangni (7.8 kilometers (4.8 mi)),[1] creating a system of 28 stations (excluding the 9 metro stations) on national railroads from Seongbuk Station (now: Kwangwoon University Station, the then-northern terminus) to Incheon Station and Suwon Station. Korail is named Korean National Railroad, with Line 1 just referring to the Seoul–Cheongnyangni section.

1978

December 9: The Gyeongwon Line from Yongsan to Seongbuk opens as a new branch, with Ichon and Seongsu (now part of the Jungang Line).

1979

February 1: Yuljeon Station is opened.

1980

January 5: Sinimun Station is opened.
April 1: Seobinggo, Hannam and Hoegi (now part of the Jungang Line) are opened.
July 10: Seongsu is renamed Eungbong Station

1982

August 2: Seoksu Station is opened.

1984

January 1: Yuljeon Station is renamed Seongdae-ap Station.
May 22: Sindorim Station is opened.
November 20: Baegun Station is opened.

1985

January 14: Seokgye Station is opened.
April 20: Chang-dong is opened as a northward extension.
August 22: Wolgye and Nokcheon are opened.
October 18: Oksu Station (now part of the Jungang Line) is opened.

1986

September 2: 6 stations from Uijeongbu to Chang-dong are opened as a northward extension.

1987

October 5: Uijeongbu Bukbu Station is opened.
December 31: Jung-dong Station is opened.

1988

January 16: Onsu Station is opened.
October 25: The Ansan Line is opened as a southward branch, from Geumjeong Station to Ansan Station.

1994

July 11: Ganseok and Dowon are opened.
December 1: Seongdae-ap Station is renamed to Sungkyunkwan University.

1995

February 16: Guil Station is opened.

1996

January 1: Hwigyeong Station is renamed to Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Station
March 28: Bugae Station is opened.

1997

April 30: Sosa Station is opened.

1998

January 7: Singil and Doksan are opened.

2000

Korea National Railroad and Line 1 are integrated as Seoul (Metropolitan) Subway Line 1.

2001

November 30: Dohwa Station is opened.

2003

April 30: Seryu and Byeongjeom are opened as a southward extension. The Ansan Line service is replaced with an extended Seoul Subway Line 4.

2004

August 25: Bugok Station is renamed Uiwang Station.

2005

January 20: 8 stations from Byeongjeom to Cheonan are opened as another southward extension.
December 16: The Gyeongwon Line branch from Yongsan Station to Hoegi Station and the Jungang Line from Hoegi Station to Deokso Station open and are renamed to the separate Yongsan-Deokso Line. This service was the predecessor to the current Jungang Line.
December 21: Dongmyo Station is opened.
December 27: Sema and Osan College Stations are opened.

2006

June 30: Jinwi and Jije Stations are opened.
July 1: Garibong Station is renamed to Gasan Digital Complex.
December 15: 8 stations from Soyosan to Uijeongbu Bukbu are opened as a northward extension. A spur line to Gwangmyeong Station is created. Uijeongbu Bukbu Station is renamed to Ganeung.

2007

December 28: Deokgye Station is opened.

2008

December: 6 stations from Cheonan to Sinchang are opened as another southward extension. Siheung Station is renamed to Geumcheon-gu Office.

2010

January 21: Dangjeong Station is opened.
February 26: Seodongtan Station is opened.

2015

February 3: Gaebong and Jemulpo start serving Gyeongin express trains.

2017

July 6: A new Limited express was launched between Yongsan and Dongincheon stations.

Future Plans

Line 1 will be extended northward from Soyosan Station to Yeoncheon Station on the Gyeongwon Line, replacing the current "'Tonggeun" service operating there. Construction on this extension began in September 2014 and is expected to be completed somewhere in 2019.

Rolling stock

Current

Seoul Metro

  • Seoul Metro 1000 series
    • Rheostat-controlled electric car (rebuilt cars) - since 1989
    • VVVF inverter-controlled electric car - since 1999
  • Seoul Metro 1000 series rheostat-controlled EMU (2nd batch)
    Seoul Metro 1000 series rheostat-controlled EMU (2nd batch)
  • Seoul Metro 1000 series VVVF inverter-controlled EMU
    Seoul Metro 1000 series VVVF inverter-controlled EMU

Korail

  • Korail Class 1000 (3rd batch) in original livery
    Korail Class 1000 (3rd batch) in original livery
  • Korail Class 311000 (1st batch)
    Korail Class 311000 (1st batch)
  • Korail Class 311000 (2nd batch)
    Korail Class 311000 (2nd batch)
  • Korail Class 311000 (6th batch)
    Korail Class 311000 (6th batch)
  • Korail Class 319000
    Korail Class 319000

Former

Seoul Metro

  • Seoul Metro 1000 series
    • Rheostat-controlled electric car (1st batch) (from 1974 until 2002)
  • Seoul Metro 1000 series (1st batch car) on Gyeongbu Line, October 1988
    Seoul Metro 1000 series (1st batch car) on Gyeongbu Line, October 1988

Korail

  • Preserved Korail Class 1000 (1st batch car), January 2009
    Preserved Korail Class 1000 (1st batch car), January 2009
  • Korail Class 1000 (2nd batch) in new livery
    Korail Class 1000 (2nd batch) in new livery

Depots and facilities

(from north to south)

  • Majeon signal box between Deokye and Yangju Stations
  • Chang-dong Depot (shared with Line 4)
  • Seongbuk Depot
  • Imun Depot
  • Guro Depot
  • Siheung Depot (actually after Oido Station on Line 4, also used for heavy maintenance of Line 1 trains owned by Korail, accessed by a crossover located after Geumjeong Station)
  • Byeongjeom Depot

Seoul Subway Line 1 is the setting and inspiration for the Korean rock musical, Line number 1 (Musical), by Hakchon Theater troupe based on the German musical, Linie 1 by Volker Ludwig.

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Seoul Subway Line 1.
  1. ^ a b c 지하철건설현황 [Status of Subway Construction] (in Korean). Seoul City Government. Retrieved 2014-02-22.
  2. ^ "Seoul's first subway line opened in 1974". Korea Times. 2011-02-13. Retrieved 2014-07-25.
  3. ^ Template:Ko icon <오후여담>좌측통행, Munhwailbo
  4. ^ Only northbound trains stop due to the lack of high-level platforms for southbound express trains
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