Toyota Soarer

The Soarer emblem

The Toyota Soarer was a personal luxury GT coupé sold by Toyota in Japan from 1981 to 2004 built on the same manufacturing platform as the Supra. The Soarer débuted in 1981 with the Z10 series, replacing the Mark II Coupe, which took the form of an angular two-door coupé. In 1986, a more rounded Soarer was launched (the Z20 series). In 1991, the third generation (Z30 series) Toyota Soarer premiered in Japan. The Z30 series Soarers were also known as the Lexus SC 300/400, a luxury coupe Toyota had commissioned for its new upscale Lexus division outside Japan. While sharing the same body style and multiple components as the first Lexus SC, the Z30 series Soarer lineup offered different powertrain specifications and multiple unique vehicle configurations.

In its home market the Soarer was a competitor to the Nissan Leopard coupe. All versions of the Soarer featured a unique winged lion emblem (often mistakenly called a Griffin) as the logo throughout the vehicle.

In 2001, Toyota introduced a convertible successor which appeared in Japan as the fourth generation (Z40 series) Toyota Soarer, and elsewhere as the Lexus SC 430. In contrast to previous versions, the fourth generation Soarer and Lexus SC models were largely equivalent. In 2005, following the introduction of Lexus in Japan, sales of the Z40 series Soarer were discontinued and the Lexus SC 430 became available in the Japanese market.

Z10 series (1981-1985)

First generation
Overview
Production	1981-1985
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door GT coupe
Layout	FR layout
Powertrain
Engine	2.0 L OHC-I6 (1G-EU) 2.0 L DOHC-I6 (1GG-EU) 2.0 L OHC-Turbo-I6 (M-TEU) 2.8 L DOHC-I6
Transmission	5 speed manual 4 speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,660 mm (104.7 in)
Length	4,655 mm (183.3 in)
Width	1,695 mm (66.7 in)
Height	1,360 mm (53.5 in)
Curb weight	1,310 kg (2,890 lb)

The Soarer made its first appearance at the 1980 Osaka International Motor Show with the name "EX-8", and the Z10 series Toyota Soarer was produced from February 1981 to December 1985, with 2.0L, 2.8L or 3.0L DOHC I-6 variants. The first generation Soarer debuted with a rear-wheel drive configuration based on the A60 Supra. It boasted numerous technological items, such as touchscreen computer controlled air conditioning climate control (on all models excepting base models which featured standard fan/heater controls), digital speed and tachometer display using LED (that were differentiated between models), among other electronic features.

The suspension utilized Macpherson type front struts with trailing arm type IRS in the rear. The vehicle also came with self-diagnosis maintenance reminders.

There were a number of different engines available.

• GZ10=1G-EU or 1G-GEU
• MZ10=M-TEU or 5M-GEU
• MZ11=5M-GE or 6M-GEU
• MZ12=6M-GEU

Early M-TEU powered MZ10s were different in some regards to later MZ10s. Some of the difference are listed below.

• Later MZ10s had a water to air intercooler
• Later MZ10s had an oil and water cooled turbo (as opposed to the oil cooled only turbo in the early MZ10s)

The Z1X series Toyota Soarer was honored as Japan's Car of the Year for the 1981-1982 model years.

The MZ12 was equipped with the following features:

• ABS
• Cruise Control
• 7 way adjustable (driver only) leather seats
• Toyota Electronically Modulated Suspension (TEMS)
• Digital Automatic climate control
• Audible Warning messages
• Electro multivision display (CRT type display), GT LTD Only
• Airbag suspension

Z20 series (1986–1991)

Second generation
Overview
Production	1986–1991
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door GT coupe (GZ20, MZ20) Convertible (MZ20 Aerocabin)
Layout	FR layout
Powertrain
Engine	2.0 L SOHC NA I-6 (1G-E) 2.0 L DOHC NA I-6 (1G-GE) 2.0 L DOHC NA I-6 (1G-FE) 2.0 L DOHC Twin-Turbo I-6 (1G-GTE) 3.0L DOHC Turbo I-6 (7M-GTE)
Transmission	5 speed manual R154 (7M-GTE) 5 speed manual W57/W58 (1G-GE/GTE) 4 speed A340E Automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,670 mm (105.1 in)
Length	4,675 mm (184.1 in)
Width	1,725 mm (67.9 in)
Height	1,335 mm (52.6 in)
Curb weight	1,510 kg (3,330 lb)

The Z20 series Toyota Soarer was produced from January 1986 to April 1991, and was available in several variants. The styling of the second generation Soarer is similar of that of the X80 series Cressida, Mark II, Chaser and Cresta. The Soarer shared its platform with the newly introduced X70 series Supra.

In 1988, TOM'S released a limited model package named the C5. The 7M-GTE in the Tom's C5 Soarer saw the power upgrades similar to those seen in the Turbo-A Supra of the same year.

In April 1989 a limited 500 unit production of the Aerocabin version was also available. This came with only 2 seats and an electric folding roof. The Aerocabin came with the same specs as the GT-Limited and were only available with the 7M-GTE engine, 4sp automatic transmission, tan leather interior and pearl paint.

In 1988 Soarer Z2 got restyling -grill and rear taillights changed and minor interior changes (climate control, dash). Other than that engines were improved:

• 1G-GTEU 180 -> 157 kW (213 PS; 211 hp)
• 7M-GTEU 230 -> 179 kW (243 PS; 240 hp)

Also from that time, M-series engines got oil squirters to cool pistons.

Unlike the A70, the Z20 did not pick up the 2.5L twin turbo 1JZ-GTE. However all models built from 5/1989 did have a revised crossmember making the 1JZ-GTE conversion easier. This does not include the Aerocabin, contrary to popular belief.

Almost everything relating to the Z20 Soarer can be found at www.z20soarer.org/forums.

model code	chassis code	grade	year	engine	transmission	weight (kg)	turbo	notes
GZ20	HCMEE	2.0 VZ	1986.1-1987.12	1G-EU	W57 5 speed M/T	1300	N/A	87.1- +10kg
	HCPEE				A42DL 4 speed A/T	1310
	HCMGE	2.0 VX	1986.1-1988.12		W57 5 speed M/T	1320			88.1- +20kg
	HCPGE				A42DE 4 speed A/T	1330
	HCMGK		1989.1-1991.4	1G-FE	W57 5 speed M/T	1350		ESC
	HCPGK				A42DE 4 speed A/T	1360
	HCMVF	2.0 GT	1986.1-1991.4	1G-GEU	W55 5 speed M/T	1330		87.1- +10kg, 88.1- +30kg and ESC
	HCPVF				A42DE 4 speed A/T	1340			89.1- A340E 4 speed A/T
	HCMVZ	2.0 GT-TWIN TURBO		1G-GTE	W57 5 speed M/T	1400	Twin CT-12	87.1- +10kg and ESC , 88.1- +20kg	88.1- W58 5 speed M/T
	HCPVZ				A340E 4 speed A/T	1420
	HCMZZ	2.0 GT-TWIN TURBO L	1988.1-1991.4		W58 5 speed M/T	1430		ESC
	HCPZZ				A340E 4 speed A/T	1450
MZ20	HCMZZ	3.0 GT	1987.1-1991.4	7M-GTE	R154 5 speed M/T	1490	CT-26	87.1- +20kg, 88.1-+ 20kg, 89.1- +10kg
	HCPVZ		1986.1-1991.4		A340E 4 speed A/T	1470
	HJPVZ	3.0 GT AEROCABIN	1989.4		A340E 4 speed A/T	1610		Limited run of 500 units
	HCMZZ	3.0 GT LIMITED	1987.1-1991.4		R154 5 speed M/T	1520		87.1- +20kg	88.1- +10kg
	HCPZZ		1986.1-1991.4		A340E 4 speed A/T	1500
MZ21	HCMZZ		1987.1-1991.4		R154 5 speed M/T	1520		Air suspension
	HCPZZ		1986.1-1991.4		A340E 4 speed A/T	1520
ESC (optional) = +10kg, Sunroof (optional on all models except the aerocabin)= +20kg

Z30 series (1991-2000)

Third generation
Overview
Production	1991-2000
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door GT coupe
Layout	FR layout
Powertrain
Engine	4.0 L DOHC V8 (1UZ-FE) 2.5 L DOHC-Twin Turbo-I6 (1JZ-GTEU) 3.0 L DOHC I6 (2JZ-GE))
Transmission	5 speed manual 4 speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,690 mm (105.9 in)
Length	4,860 mm (191.3 in)
Width	1,790 mm (70.5 in)
Height	1,340 mm (52.8 in)
Curb weight	1,540 kg (3,400 lb) to 1,730 kg (3,810 lb)

Further information: [[:Lexus SC 300 / SC 400]]

In 1990, following the successful launch of its upscale Lexus division outside of Japan, Toyota commissioned its California design studio Calty to develop a new luxury coupe. In 1991, this vehicle debuted in the U.S. as the Lexus SC 300/400. In the same year, the third generation Toyota Soarer debuted in Japan as the Z30 series, replacing the Z20 series in that market. The Z30 series Soarer shared the body style and key components with the Lexus SC, but featured different interior features, powertrain configurations, and other performance enhancements.

This new Soarer continued some of the features that Toyota had pioneered on the earlier models, such as digital dash instrumentation and integrated car systems control via the in-dash EMV touchscreen. For example, it was now one of the first cars in the world to feature factory GPS navigation via cd-rom, continuing the Toyota/Lexus tradition of not only equalling but surpassing the established luxury brands in price, quality and features. It had a luxury feel to it, yet the 2.5GT twin turbo model in particular was truly a very powerful sports car as well. Not surprising though, given its 1JZ-GTE engine was used for the MKIII Supra as well. Both cars' suspension, brakes, drivetrain, and engine parts were interchangeable.

The Toyota Soarers made from the years 1991-2000 were offered with a 4-speed automatic transmission for all models. In addition, the JZZ30 Soarer could be had with a 5-speed manual transmission. All models were available with a Torsen torque-sensing differential. Unlike their US Lexus equivalents however, the 30-series Soarer lineup never received a 5-speed automatic, and only the six cylinder versions received variable valve timing (VVTi) engines, in 1996. Also, the UZZ30 (equivalent to the Lexus SC400) was only sold from 1991 to 1993, and the JZZ31 (equivalent to the Lexus SC300) was not introduced to the Japanese market until 1994.

Styling-wise, the Soarer received only minor changes to the rear lights and front grille during its 9-year production run, a testament to the original design.

Starting in 1997, the Soarer was used as a high speed patrol car in multiple Japanese prefectures, using the 2.5GT trim with a 5-speed manual transmission.

Z30 series Soarer models

model	year	engine	power (kW)	torque (Nm)	turbo	transmissions	notes
JZZ30	1991-96	1JZ-GTE (2.5 L I6)	206 kW (280 PS; 276 hp)	363 N⋅m (268 lb⋅ft)	twin parallel <Citation needed>	manual, auto
	1997-2000	1JZ-GTE (2.5 L I6), VVT-i	206 kW (280 PS; 276 hp)	378 N⋅m (279 lb⋅ft)	single	manual, auto
JZZ31	1994-96	2JZ-GE (3.0 L I6)	165 kW (224 PS; 221 hp)	285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft)	none	auto	equivalent to Lexus SC300
	1997-2000	2JZ-GE (3.0 L I6), VVT-i	169 kW (230 PS; 227 hp)	304 N⋅m (224 lb⋅ft)	none	auto	equivalent to Lexus SC300
UZZ30	1991-93	1UZ-FE (4.0 V8)	191 kW (260 PS; 256 hp)	353 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft)	none	auto	equivalent to Lexus SC400
UZZ31	1991-97	1UZ-FE (4.0 V8)	191/195	353/363	none	auto	airbag suspension, "EMV" TV/touchscreen system
UZZ32	1991-96	1UZ-FE (4.0 V8)	191/195	353/363	none	auto	active suspension, four-wheel steering, "EMV" TV/touchscreen system

JZZ30 Soarer

The JZZ30 was the only model sold continuously from the introduction of the 30 series in 1991 until production ceased in 2000. As the sportiest model in the range it was also the only one available with a manual transmission. Like other models in the range there were two different equipment grades available, the base GT-T and the better-equipped GT-TL which added electric seats, wood trim, cruise control and Toyota's TEMS electronic damper adjustment to the list of standard features.

The JZZ30 was powered by the 2.5 litre 1JZ-GTE turbocharged engine. Initially featuring two identical small turbos running together (unlike the sequential twin turbo systems of the Supra and Mazda RX-7, for example), it officially produced 206 kW (280 PS; 276 hp) and 363 N⋅m (268 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4800 rpm. This was in keeping with the Japanese Manufacturers' advertised power limit agreement, however real-world power outputs were somewhat higher. In August 1996 the engine received Toyota's variable valve timing system (VVTi) and in conjunction with a single, more efficient turbocharger, produced much better high and mid-range torque (in fact, 378 N⋅m (279 lb⋅ft) at just 2400 rpm - see The Toyota JZ Engine Guide below) while still producing the "official" 206 kW (280 PS; 276 hp) of power and better fuel economy.

JZZ31 Soarer

While the Lexus SC300 was available from the start of the new series' US introduction in 1991, the equivalent Japan-market Soarer model — the JZZ31 — was not introduced until 1994, where it became the new base model Soarer.

The JZZ31 was powered by the 3 litre 2JZ-GE engine which initially produced 165 kW (224 PS; 221 hp) at 5800 rpm and 285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4800 rpm. Like the JZZ30 the engine also received Toyota's VVTi system in 1997 which increased output to 169 kW (230 PS; 227 hp) at 6000 rpm and 304 N⋅m (224 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm while simultaneously improving fuel economy. While the SC300 in the US market became a popular Lexus for performance upgrades due to its shared engine with the MKIV (JZA80) Supra, the JZZ31 Soarer was somewhat overlooked since unlike the SC300 it was never offered in manual gearbox form and had neither the performance appeal of the turbocharged JZZ30 nor the luxury and equipment of the UZZ31/32 models.

However with the increasing cost (and slowing sales) of the V8 Soarer GT-L models in the mid-late '90s, the JZZ31 would remain in production along with the JZZ30 until the end of the 30 Series in 2000.

UZZ31 and UZZ32 Soarer

The UZZ31 and UZZ32 Soarers were the luxury GT versions of the range, with substantially more features and equipment than the 6 cylinder models and the Lexus SC300/400. The EMV (Electro Multi Vision) touchscreen system which was pioneered in the Z10 and Z20 Soarers was again available and provided a screen with television, GPS navigation, diagnostics, car computer, reversing camera and touch control of all functions of the climate control and sophisticated 7-speaker (with subwoofer) balanced-signal audio system with 12-disc CD stacker and digital signal processing.

Both models and the base-spec UZZ30 were powered by Toyota's acclaimed 1UZ-FE quad-cam all-alloy 4 litre V8. While producing marginally less power and torque than the turbocharged JZZ30 (191 kW (260 PS; 256 hp) at 5400 rpm, 353 N⋅m (260 lb⋅ft) at 4600 rpm) the V8, called the 4.0GT-L was renowned for its smoothness and refinement. Although receiving a minor update in 1995 which improved responsiveness and bumped outputs to 195 kW (265 PS; 261 hp) / 363 N⋅m (268 lb⋅ft), production of the V8-equipped Soarers ended before the powerplant received VVTi which substantially increased outputs in the Lexus SC400 and other models. However, supercharged and turbocharged modifications are becoming increasingly common given the strength and durability of the engine, and power outputs up to double the factory levels are being seen on internally-standard engines.

The UZZ31 featured a driver-adjustable air suspension system that had two settings for both ride height and damper stiffness. The air 'bag' pressure was controlled by an electric pump mounted at the front of the car. Also featured on the UZZ31 series, were a host of electronic goodies including heated automated headlights, memory seats, electronic collapsible steering column with memory, touch screen TV with 12 stack CD player, touch screen SatNav, and a full on board computer diagnostic system which would output to the TV display unit.

The UZZ32 was the top of the line 30 series featuring all of the options available on the UZZ31 but with the added feature of four wheel steering and a complex hydraulic computer- controlled active suspension system. This did away with conventional springs and anti-roll (stabiliser) bars in favour of hydraulic struts controlled by sensors that detected cornering, acceleration and braking forces. The system worked well and gave an unusually controlled yet smooth ride with no body roll. The weight penalty of the system affected straight-line performance somewhat so a re-mapped ECU was introduced to allow better 'off line' performance. Du to the amazingly complex suspension system, the car was costly to produce and as a result, only 873 UZZ32's were made and are now collectors items in the UK and Australia. The UZZ32 Soarer became the second shortest production run model for Toyota following the awesome S2000 in the late 60's. To put the rarity in perspective, some later model and very low milage examples of the UZZ32 can be seen for sale between $20,000-$35,000+ AUD where as the majority of the other soarers (Non active V8, I6 and TT models) can be had for $8,000-$15,000.

Z40 series (2001-2005)

Fourth generation
Overview
Production	2001–2005 (renamed in 2006 as Lexus SC)
Body and chassis
Body style	2-door GT coupé convertible
Powertrain
Engine	4.3 L 3UZ-FE V8
Transmission	5-speed automatic 6-speed automatic (renamed model)
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,620 mm (103.1 in)
Length	4,515 mm (177.8 in)
Width	1,825 mm (71.9 in)
Height	1,355 mm (53.3 in)
Curb weight	1,730 kg (3,810 lb)

Further information: [[:Lexus SC 430]]

The 40 series Soarer model was largely identical to its Lexus equivalent, sold outside Japan as the Lexus SC 430 since 2001. The Z40 series Soarer 430SCV featured a hardtop which could fold into the boot of the car, in the fashion of the contemporary Mercedes-Benz SL. The coupe was equipped with the 3UZ-FE VVTi (variable valve timing) 4.3 litre V8 motor, as was available in the Lexus LS 430 luxury sedan. It produced 208 kW (283 PS; 279 hp) and 430 N⋅m (320 lb⋅ft) of torque. This enabled the coupe to accelerate from a standstill to 62 mph (100 km/h) in 6 seconds. The shared body style of the Z40 series Soarer/SC 430 was developed by Toyota designers at design studios in France and Japan. Compared with the Z30 series, some observers generally considered the fourth generation a retreat in visual style due to its more compact and top heavy appearance. As a result it had lost the long sleek look previously seen and admired greatly in the Z30 series models.

With the Z40 series Soarer, design and production synergies culminated in the development of a single shared design configuration for both the Soarer and Lexus models, unlike the previous generations. The rise of Lexus as Toyota's premium worldwide marque also contributed to the design focus on the Lexus model configuration rather than a separate Toyota-branded series of Soarer coupes. On July 26, 2005, Lexus was introduced in Japan with the 2006 SC 430 TSOOH in its lineup. The debut of Lexus and the SC 430 coincided with the conclusion of Toyota Soarer sales.

External links

• Planet Soarer
• ALSC Forum
• Australia's original Soarer site
• Intellexual.net SC300/400 FAQ
• Information on the second generation (Z2) Toyota Soarer
• The Toyota JZ Engine Guide
• Lextreme USA