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Cola

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This article is about the beverage. For other uses, see Cola (disambiguation).
Cola
A glass of cola served with ice cubes and lemon slices
Country of origin United States
Introduced1886
ColorCaramel
FlavorKola nut

Cola is a carbonated beverage that originally contained caffeine from the kola nut and cocaine from coca leaves, and was flavored with vanilla and other ingredients. Most colas now use other flavoring (and caffeinating) ingredients with a similar taste and no longer contain cocaine. It became popular worldwide after pharmacist John Pemberton invented Coca-Cola in 1886.[1] His non-alcoholic recipe was inspired by the Coca wine of pharmacist Angelo Mariani, created in 1863.[1] Coca-Cola is a major international brand. It usually contains caramel color, caffeine and sweeteners such as sugar or high fructose corn syrup.

Etymology

The word cola may have been introduced into mainstream culture by the major producer Coca-Cola,[citation needed] as it saw its trademark slipping into common use, like other genericized trademarks. It has tried to maintain the exclusive right to sell products using the "Coca-Cola" name and its diminutive form "Coke", by suggesting the alternative of "cola drink" as a generic name for similar types of carbonated soft drinks.[citation needed] The word cola as part of the Coca-Cola trademark may have originated from the kola nuts that were originally used as the source of caffeine.

Flavorings

Despite the name, the primary modern flavoring ingredients in a cola drink are sugar, citrus oils (from oranges, limes, or lemon fruit peel), cinnamon, vanilla, and an acidic flavorant.[2][3] Manufacturers of cola drinks add trace ingredients to create distinctively different tastes for each brand. Trace flavorings may include nutmeg and a wide variety of ingredients, but the base flavorings that most people identify with a cola taste remain vanilla and cinnamon. Acidity is often provided by phosphoric acid, sometimes accompanied by citric or other isolated acids. Coca-Cola's recipe and several others[which?] are maintained as corporate trade secrets.

A variety of different sweeteners may be added to cola, often partly dependent on local agricultural policy. High-fructose corn syrup is predominantly used in the United States and Canada due to the lower cost of government-subsidized corn. In Europe, however, HFCS is subject to production quotas designed to encourage the production of sugar; sugar is thus typically used to sweeten sodas.[4] In addition, stevia or an artificial sweetener may be used; "sugar-free" or "diet" colas typically contain artificial sweeteners only.

Consumers may prefer the taste of soda manufactured with sugar; as in the United States, with imported Mexican Coca-Cola.[5][6] Kosher for Passover Coca-Cola sold in the U.S. around the Jewish holiday also uses sucrose rather than HFCS and is also highly sought after by people who prefer the original taste.[7] In addition, PepsiCo has recently been marketing versions of its Pepsi and Mountain Dew sodas that are sweetened with sugar instead of HFCS. These are marketed under the name Throwback and became "permanent" products on the lineup.[8]

Clear cola

Clear cola is a colorless variety of cola, popular in the early 1990s. Brands included Crystal Pepsi, Tab Clear and 7 Up Ice Cola.

Health

Further information: Coca-Cola § Health effects

A 2007 study found that consumption of colas, both those with natural sweetening and those with artificial sweetening, was associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease. The phosphoric acid used in colas was thought to be a possible cause.[9]

Regional brands

See also: Cola brands (shown below) and Category:Cola brands

Asia

Europe

North America

  • Big Cola (Big Cola) made by Peruvian transnational Ajegroup and is sold in the northern parts of Mexico.
  • Jarritos Cola is a brand of cola from Mexico, while popular and native to Mexico, it is widely distributed mainly to Latino residents of the United States.
  • Lulú Cola, produced by Pascual S.C.L. from Mexico
  • Chiva Cola, produced by Grupo Omnilife of C.D. Guadalajara, from Mexico
  • Cott produces many house brand beverages as well as its own line of products, most notably its Black Cherry cola.
  • The Double Cola Company, Double Cola
  • TuKola and Tropicola are brands from Cuba (also sold widely in Italy).
  • Fentimans Curiosity Cola, originating from the United Kingdom in 1905, is now sold across Europe and North America.
  • Jones Soda also makes a cola, using cane sugar.
  • Jolt Cola is sold by Wet Planet Beverages, of Rochester, New York. Originally, the slogan was "All the sugar and twice the caffeine." It dropped the slogan when it switched from cane sugar to high fructose corn syrup.
  • Johnnie Ryan is a regional cola bottled in Niagara Falls, New York. Established in 1935, it makes it with 100% cane sugar and also sells 22 other flavors.[13]
  • Polar Beverages of Worcester, Ma produces its own brand of cola under the Polar name.
  • Red Bull Cola has been available in the United States since 2008.
  • Faygo Cola is a soft drink distributed in the Midwest, Mid-Atlantic, and Central Southern regions of the United States. Faygo can be found in some regions of Canada, Cola being one of more than fifty flavors.
  • Zevia Cola is a zero calorie soft drink that is sweetened with SweetSmart, a next generation sweetening system, which is a blend of high purity Stevia combined with Monk Fruit and Erythritol. Zevia was founded in Seattle in 2007. Zevia can also be found in some regions of Canada. Cola is one of more than fifteen flavors produced by the company.

Africa

  • Hamoud-Boualem: Famous in Algeria, with different flavours; also sold in Europe and US.

South America

Oceania

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Coca Wine". Cocaine.org. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
  2. ^ DeNeefe, Janet (2008-03-13). "The Exotic Romance of Tamarind". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
  3. ^ "Cola 2". Sparror.cubecinema.com. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
  4. ^ M. Ataman Aksoy, John C. Beghin, ed. (2005). "Sugar Policies: An Opportunity for Change". Global Agricultural Trade and Developing Countries. World Bank Publications. p. 329. ISBN 0-8213-5863-4.
  5. ^ Is Mexican Coke the real thing? By Louise Chu Associated Press November 9, 2004 The San Diego Union-Tribune
  6. ^ "Coke". Seattletimes.nwsource.com. 2004-10-29. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
  7. ^ Dixon, Duffie (2009-04-09). "Kosher Coke". USAtoday.com. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
  8. ^ Horovitz, Bruce (2011-03-11). "Pepsi, Frito-Lay capitalize on fond thoughts of the good ol' days". USA Today. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
  9. ^ Tina M. Saldana, Olga Basso, Rebecca Darden, and Dale P. Sandler (2007). "Carbonated beverages and chronic kidney disease". Epidemiology. 18 (4): 501–6. doi:10.1097/EDE.0b013e3180646338. PMID 17525693.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ "('My Cola' breaks new ground". theSundaily. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
  11. ^ "haji cola"
  12. ^ "Irish Cola"
  13. ^ "Johnnie Ryan"
  14. ^ "Ajegroup". Ajegroup. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
  15. ^ "¡Este es mi 28!". IncaKola. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
  16. ^ http://www.creditosperu.com.pe/pp-pepsico-inc-sucursal-del-peru.php
  17. ^ "Grupo Perú Cola - Hoy el Perú sabe mejor" (in Spanish). Donjorge.com.pe. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
  18. ^ a b "Bienvenidos a ELSA" (in Spanish). Elsa.cl. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
  19. ^ "Kiwi Cola"
  20. ^ "Bickford's Old Style Original Kola"
Look up cola in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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