List of state leaders in 1930

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1930.

Africa

Egypt
- Monarch - Fuad I, King of Egypt (1917–1936)^[1]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Adli Yakan Pasha, Prime Minister of Egypt (1929–1930)
  2. Mostafa El-Nahas, Prime Minister of Egypt (1930)
  3. Ismail Sedky, Prime Minister of Egypt (1930–1933)
Ethiopia
- Monarch -
  1. Zewditu, Empress of Ethiopia (1916–1930)
  2. Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia (1930–1974)^[2]
- Regent - Negus Tafari Makonnen, Regent of Ethiopia (1916–1930)
- Chief Minister - Haile Selassie,^[3] Chief Minister of Ethiopia (1927–1936)
Liberia
- President -
  1. Charles D. B. King, President of Liberia (1920–1930)
  2. Edwin Barclay, President of Liberia (1930–1944)
South Africa
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor-General - Alexander Cambridge, Earl of Athlone, Governor-General of South Africa (1924–1931)
- Prime Minister - J. B. M. Hertzog, Prime Minister of South Africa (1924–1939)

Asia

Afghanistan
- Monarch - Mohammed Nadir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1929–1933)
- Prime Minister - Mohammad Hashim Khan, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1929–1946)
Asir
- incorporated into Hejaz on 20 November 1930
- Monarch - Sayyid al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Idrisi al-Hasani, Emir of Asir (1926–1930)
China
- Head of State - Chiang Kai-shek, Chairman of the National Government of China (1928–1931)
- Premier -
  1. Tan Yankai, President of Executive Yuan of China (1928–1930)
  2. T. V. Soong, President of Executive Yuan of China (1930)
  3. Chiang Kai-shek, President of Executive Yuan of China (1930–1931)
- Tibet (unrecognized, de facto independent country)
  - Monarch - Thubten Gyatso, Dalai Lama (1879–1933)
Japan
- Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926–1989)
- Prime Minister - Osachi Hamaguchi, Prime Minister of Japan (1929–1931)
Mongolia
- Communist Party Leadership - Bat-Ochiryn Eldev-Ochir (1928–1930) + Peljidiin Genden (1928–1932) + Ölziin Badrakh (1928–1932) + Zolbingiin Shijee (1930–1932), Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party
- Head of State -
  1. Khorloogiin Choibalsan, Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural of Mongolia (1929–1930)
  2. Losolyn Laagan, Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural of Mongolia (1930–1932)
- Premier -
  1. Anandyn Amar, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Mongolia (1928–1930)
  2. Tsengeltiin Jigjidjav, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of Mongolia (1930–1932)
Muscat and Oman
- Monarch - Taimur bin Feisal, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (1913–1932)
Nejd and Hejaz
- Monarch - Ibn Saud, King of Nejd and Hejaz (1902–1953)^[4]
Nepal
- Monarch - Tribhuvan, King of Nepal (1911–1950)
- Prime Minister - Bhim Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana, Maharaja of Lamjung and Kaski, Prime Minister of Nepal (1929–1932)
Persia
- Monarch - Reza Shah, Shah of Persia (1925–1941)
- Prime Minister - Mehdi Qoli Hedayat, Prime Minister of Persia (1927–1933)
Rajpipla State - Vijaysinhji (1915-1948)
Siam
- Monarch - Prajadhipok, King of Siam (1925–1935)
Turkey
- President - Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, President of Turkey (1923–1938)
- Prime Minister - İsmet İnönü, Prime Minister of Turkey (1925–1937)
- Ararat (secessionist state)
  - was recaptured by Turkey in September 1930
  - President - Ibrahim Heski, President of Ararat (1927–1930)
Tuva
- Communist Party Leader - Irgit Shagdyrzhap, First Secretary of the Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party (1929–1932)
- Head of State - Chuldum Lopsakovi, Chairman of the Presidium of the Little Hural of Tuva (1929–1936)
- Premier - Adyg-Tulush Khemchik-ool, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Tuva (1929–1936)
Yemen
- Monarch - Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din, King of Yemen (1904–1948)^[5]

Australia and Oceania

Australia
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor-General - John Baird, Baron Stonehaven, Governor-General of Australia (1925–1931)
- Prime Minister - James Scullin, Prime Minister of Australia (1929–1932)
New Zealand
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor-General -
  1. Sir Charles Fergusson, Governor-General of New Zealand (1924–1930)
  2. Sir Michael Myers, Administrator of the Government of New Zealand (1930)
  3. Charles Bathurst, Baron Bledisloe, Governor-General of New Zealand (1930–1935)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Joseph Ward, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1928–1930)
  2. George Forbes, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1930–1935)

Europe

Albania
- Monarch - Zog I, King of the Albanians (1925–1939)^[6]
- Prime Minister -
  1. Kostaq Kota, Prime Minister of Albania (1928–1930)
  2. Pandeli Evangjeli, Prime Minister of Albania (1930–1935)
Andorra
- Monarchs -
  - French Co-Prince - Gaston Doumergue, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1924–1931)
    - Co-Prince's Representative - Charles Romeu (1887–1933)
  - Episcopal Co-Prince - Justí Guitart i Vilardebó, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1920–1940)
    - Co-Prince's Representative - Joseph de Riba (1915–1933)**First Syndic - Roc Pallares, First Syndic of Andorra (1928–1933)
Austria
- President - Wilhelm Miklas, Federal President of Austria (1928–1938)
- Chancellor -
  1. Johann Schober, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1929–1930)
  2. Carl Vaugoin, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1930)
  3. Otto Ender, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1930–1931)
Belgium
- Monarch - Albert I, King of the Belgians (1909–1934)
- Prime Minister - Henri Jaspar, Prime Minister of Belgium (1926–1931)
Bulgaria
- Monarch - Boris III, Tsar of the Bulgarians (1918–1943)
- Premier - Andrey Lyapchev, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1926–1931)
Czechoslovakia
- President - Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, President of Czechoslovakia (1918–1935)
- Prime Minister - František Udržal, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1929–1932)
Danzig (free city under League of Nations protection)
- High Commissioner - Manfredi di Gravina, League of Nations High Commissioner for Danzig (1929–1932)
- Head of State - Heinrich Sahm, President of the Senate of Danzig (1920–1931)
Denmark
- Monarch - Christian X, King of Denmark (1912–1947)
- Prime Minister - Thorvald Stauning, Prime Minister of Denmark (1929–1942)
Estonia
- Head of State - Otto Strandman, State Elder of Estonia (1929–1931)
Finland
- President - Lauri Kristian Relander, President of Finland (1925–1931)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Kyösti Kallio, Prime Minister of Finland (1929–1930)
  2. Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, Prime Minister of Finland (1930–1931)
France
- President - Gaston Doumergue, President of France (1924–1931)
- Prime Minister -
  1. André Tardieu, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1929–1930)
  2. Camille Chautemps, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1930)
  3. André Tardieu, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1930)
  4. Théodore Steeg, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1930–1931)
Germany
- President - Paul von Hindenburg, President of Germany (1925–1934)
- Chancellor -
  1. Hermann Müller, Chancellor of Germany (1928–1930)
  2. Heinrich Brüning, Chancellor of Germany (1930–1932)
Greece
- President - Alexandros Zaimis, President of Greece (1929–1935)
- Prime Minister - Eleftherios Venizelos, Prime Minister of Greece (1928–1932)
Hungary
- Head of State - Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary (1920–1944)
- Prime Minister - Count István Bethlen, Prime Minister of Hungary (1921–1931)
Iceland
- Monarch - Christian X, King of Iceland (1918–1944)
- Prime Minister - Tryggvi Þórhallsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1927–1932)
Ireland
- Monarch - George V, King of Ireland (1922–1936)
- Governor-General - James McNeill, Governor-General of Ireland (1928–1932)
- Head of Government - W. T. Cosgrave, President of the Executive Council of Ireland (1922–1932)
Italy
- Monarch - Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
- Prime Minister - Benito Mussolini, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1922–1943)
Latvia
- President -
  1. Gustavs Zemgals, President of Latvia (1927–1930)
  2. Alberts Kviesis, President of Latvia (1930–1936)
- Prime Minister - Hugo Celmiņš, Prime Minister of Latvia (1928–1931)
Liechtenstein
- Monarch - Franz I, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1929–1938)
- Head of Government - Josef Hoop, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1928–1945)
Lithuania
- President - Antanas Smetona, President of Lithuania (1926–1940)
- Prime Minister - Juozas Tūbelis, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1929–1938)
Luxembourg
- Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)^[7]
- Prime Minister - Joseph Bech, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1926–1937)
Monaco
- Monarch - Louis II, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (1922–1949)
- Head of Government - Maurice Piette, Minister of State of Monaco (1923–1932)
Netherlands
- Monarch - Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)^[8]
- Prime Minister - Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands (1929–1933)
Norway
- Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)^[9]
- Prime Minister - Johan Ludwig Mowinckel, Prime Minister of Norway (1928–1931)
Poland
- President - Ignacy Mościcki, President of Poland (1926–1939)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Kazimierz Bartel, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1929–1930)
  2. Walery Sławek, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1930)
  3. Józef Piłsudski, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1930)
  4. Walery Sławek, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1930–1931)
Portugal
- President - Óscar Carmona, President of Portugal (1926–1951)
- Premier -
  1. Artur Ivens Ferraz, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1929–1930)
  2. Domingos Oliveira, President of the Ministry of Portugal (1930–1932)
Romania
- Monarch -
  1. Michael I, King of the Romanians (1927–1930)
  2. Carol II, King of the Romanians (1930–1940)
- Regents - Prince Nicholas (1927–1930) + Patriarch Miron Cristea (1927–1930) + Constantin Sărăţeanu (1929–1930)
- Premier -
  1. Iuliu Maniu, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1928–1930)
  2. Gheorghe Mironescu, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1930)
  3. Iuliu Maniu, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1930)
  4. Gheorghe Mironescu, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1930–1931)
San Marino
- Captains Regent -
  1. Ezio Balducci and Aldo Busignani, Captains Regent of San Marino (1929–1930)
  2. Manlio Gozi and Marino Lonfernini succeeded by Turiddu Foschi, Captains Regent of San Marino (1930)
  3. Valerio Pasquali and Gino Ceccoli, Captains Regent of San Marino (1930–1931)
Soviet Union
- Communist Party Leader - Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1953)
- Head of State - Mikhail Kalinin, Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union (1919–1946)^[10]
- Premier -
  1. Alexei Rykov, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union (1924–1930)
  2. Vyacheslav Molotov, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union (1930–1941)
Spain
- Monarch - Alfonso XIII, King of Spain (1886–1931)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Miguel Primo de Rivera, Marquis of Estella, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1923–1930)
  2. Dámaso Berenguer, Count of Xauen, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1930–1931)
Sweden
- Monarch - Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Arvid Lindman, Prime Minister of Sweden (1928–1930)
  2. Carl Gustaf Ekman, Prime Minister of Sweden (1930–1932)
Switzerland
- Federal Council:^[11]
  Giuseppe Motta (1911–1940), Edmund Schulthess (1912–1935), Jean-Marie Musy (1919–1934, President), Heinrich Häberlin (1920–1934), Marcel Pilet-Golaz (1928–1944), Albert Meyer (1929–1938), Rudolf Minger (1929–1940)
United Kingdom
- Monarch - George V, King of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
- Prime Minister - Ramsay MacDonald, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1929–1935)
Vatican City
- Monarch - Pope Pius XI, Sovereign of Vatican City (1929–1939)
- Governor - Marquis Camillo Serafini, Governor of Vatican City (1929–1952)
- Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
  - Secretary of State -
    1. Cardinal Pietro Gasparri, Cardinal Secretary of State (1914–1930)
    2. Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, Cardinal Secretary of State (1930–1939)
Yugoslavia
- Monarch - Alexander I, King of Yugoslavia (1921–1934)
- Prime Minister - Petar Živković, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1929–1932)

North America

Canada
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor General - Freeman Freeman-Thomas, Viscount Willingdon, Governor General of Canada (1926–1931)
- Prime Minister -
  1. William Lyon Mackenzie King, Prime Minister of Canada (1926–1930)
  2. R. B. Bennett, Prime Minister of Canada (1930–1935)
Costa Rica
- President - Cleto González Víquez, President of Costa Rica (1928–1932)
Cuba
- President - Gerardo Machado, President of Cuba (1925–1933)
Dominican Republic
- President -
  1. Horacio Vásquez, President of the Dominican Republic (1924–1930)
  2. Rafael Estrella Ureña, Acting President of the Dominican Republic (1930)
  3. Rafael Trujillo, President of the Dominican Republic (1930–1938)
El Salvador
- President - Pío Romero Bosque, President of El Salvador (1927–1931)
Guatemala
- President - Lázaro Chacón González, President of Guatemala (1926–1931)
Haiti (under US occupation)
- American Representative -
  1. John H. Russell, Jr., High Commissioner to Haiti (1919–1930)
  2. Dana Gardner Munro, Minister to Haiti (1930–1932)
- President -
  1. Louis Borno, President of Haiti (1922–1930)
  2. Louis Eugène Roy, President of Haiti (1930)
  3. Sténio Vincent, President of Haiti (1930–1941)
Honduras
- President - Vicente Mejía Colindres, President of Honduras (1929–1933)
Mexico
- President -
  1. Emilio Portes Gil, President of Mexico (1928–1930)
  2. Pascual Ortiz Rubio, President of Mexico (1930–1932)
Newfoundland
- Monarch - George V, King of the British Dominions Beyond the Seas (1910–1936)
- Governor - Sir John Middleton, Governor of Newfoundland (1928–1932)
- Prime Minister - Sir Richard Squires, Prime Minister of Newfoundland (1928–1932)
Nicaragua
- President - José María Moncada, President of Nicaragua (1929–1933)
Panama
- President - Florencio Harmodio Arosemena, President of Panama (1928–1931)
United States
- President - Herbert Hoover, President of the United States (1929–1933)

South America

Argentina
- President -
  1. Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina (1928–1930)
  2. José Félix Uriburu, President of Argentina (1930–1932)
Bolivia
- Head of State -
  1. Hernando Siles Reyes, President of Bolivia (1926–1930)
  2. Council of Ministers, Acting President of Bolivia (1930)
  3. Carlos Blanco Galindo, Chairman of the Military Government Junta of Bolivia (1930–1931)
Brazil
- Head of State -
  1. Washington Luís, President of Brazil (1926–1930)
  2. Augusto Tasso Fragoso, Chairman of the Government Junta of Brazil (1930)
  3. Getúlio Vargas, Head of Provisional Government of Brazil (1930–1945)
Chile
- President - Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, President of Chile (1927–1931)
Colombia
- President -
  1. Miguel Abadía Méndez, President of Colombia (1926–1930)
  2. Enrique Olaya Herrera, President of Colombia (1930–1934)
Ecuador
- President - Isidro Ayora, President of Ecuador (1926–1931)
Paraguay
- President - José Patricio Guggiari, President of Paraguay (1928–1932)
Peru
- Head of State -
  1. Augusto B. Leguía, President of Peru (1919–1930)
  2. Manuel María Ponce Brousset, President of the Government Junta of Peru (1930)
  3. Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro, President of the Government Junta of Peru (1930–1931)
- Prime Minister -
  1. Benjamín Huamán de los Heros, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1929–1930)
  2. Fernando Sarmiento Ramírez, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1930)
  3. Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1930)
  4. Antonio Beingolea, President of the council of ministers of Peru (1930–1931)
Uruguay
- President - Juan Campisteguy, President of Uruguay (1927–1931)
Venezuela
- President - Juan Bautista Pérez, President of Venezuela (1929–1931)

References

^ Egypt only became independent in 1922.
^ In exile between 1936 and 1941.
^ Called Negus Tafari Makonnen until his accession to the throne on 2 November 1930.
^ Ibn Saud was Emir of Nejd and Hasa between 1902 and 1921, Sultan of Nejd between 1921 and 1927, King of Nejd between 1927 and 1932 additionally King of Hejaz between 1926 and 1932 (collectively referred to as King of Nejd and Hejaz), and King of Saudi Arabia from 1932.
^ Yemen only became independent in 1918.
^ King Zog I was in power as President of Albania under the name of Ahmet Zogu between 1925 and 1928.
^ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
^ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
^ In exile between 1940 and 1945.
^ Kalinin was head of state of Russia (Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets) from 1919 to 1938, and head of state of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1946.
^ The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.

External links

Template:Lists of 20th-century state leaders

[1] Egypt only became independent in 1922.

[2] In exile between 1936 and 1941.

[3] Called Negus Tafari Makonnen until his accession to the throne on 2 November 1930.

[4] Ibn Saud was Emir of Nejd and Hasa between 1902 and 1921, Sultan of Nejd between 1921 and 1927, King of Nejd between 1927 and 1932 additionally King of Hejaz between 1926 and 1932 (collectively referred to as King of Nejd and Hejaz), and King of Saudi Arabia from 1932.

[5] Yemen only became independent in 1918.

[6] King Zog I was in power as President of Albania under the name of Ahmet Zogu between 1925 and 1928.

[7] In exile between 1940 and 1945.

[8] In exile between 1940 and 1945.

[9] In exile between 1940 and 1945.

[10] Kalinin was head of state of Russia (Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets) from 1919 to 1938, and head of state of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1946.

[11] The seven member Swiss Federal Council is the collective head of state and the government of Switzerland. Within the Council, the President of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]