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Aklanon language

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Aklanon
Aklan
Akeanon
Binisaya nga Akeanon
Inakeanon
Native toPhilippines
RegionAklan and some parts of northwestern Capiz
EthnicityAklanon
Native speakers
460,000 (2000 census, Aklan proper)[1]
(Malaynon unknown: 8,500 cited 1973)
Dialects
  • Aklanon, Malaynon
Latin;
Historically Baybayin
Official status
Official language in
Regional language in the Philippines
Regulated byKomisyon sa Wikang Filipino
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
akl – Aklanon [2]
mlz – Malaynon
Glottologakla1240  Aklan
Area where Aklanon is spoken

Aklanon[2] (Akeanon), also known as Aklan,[3][4] is an Austronesian language of the Bisayan subgroup spoken by the Aklanon people in the province of Aklan on the island of Panay in the Philippines. Its unique feature among other Bisayan languages is the close-mid back unrounded vowel [ɤ] occurring as part of diphthongs and traditionally written with the letter E such as in the name Akeanon (Aklanon). However, this phoneme is also present in sister Philippine languages, namely Itbayat, Isneg, Manobo, Samal and Sagada.[5]

The Malaynon dialect is 93% lexically similar to Aklanon and retained the "l" sounds, which elsewhere are often pronounced as "r".[6]

Ibayjanon (Ibajaynon) dialect has shortened versions of Aklanon words.[citation needed]

Phonology

Aklanon has 21 phonemes. There are 17 consonants: p, t, k, b, d, g, m, n, ng, s, h, l, r, w, y, the glottal stop ʔ, and the distinct voiced velar fricative ɣ (traditionally spelled with the Latin ⟨Ee⟩. There are five vowels, with the three native i, a, and u, which is a typical for a Bisayan vowel inventory, and the additional e and o for loanwords and common nouns.[5]

Vowels

Table of vowel phonemes of Aklanon
Front Central Back
Close i u
Mid ɛ o
Open a

Consonants

Bilabial Dental Alveolar Palato-aveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop p b t d k g ʔ
Affricate (t͡s) (d͡z) (t͡ʃ) (d͡ʒ)
Fricative s (z) (ʃ) (x) ɣ h
Approximant l j w
Flap ɾ

Common phrases

Akeanon Malaynon English
Hay Hay Hi/Hello
Mayad-ayad nga agahon Mayad nga agahon Good morning
Mayad-ayad nga hapon Mayad nga hapon Good afternoon
Mayad-ayad nga gabi-i Mayad nga gab-i Good night
Mayad-ayad nga adlaw Mayad nga adlaw Good day
Saeamat Salamat Thanks
Mayad man Mayad man I am fine
Pangabay Pangabay Please
Hu-o Hu-o Yes
Bukon/Ayaw/Indi Bukon/Indi No
Owa Owa None
Paalin? Paano? How?
Hin-uno? San-o? When?
Siin Diin Where?
Sin-o Sin-o Who?
Ano? Ano? What?
Alin? Alin? Which?
Ham-an? Basi? Why?
Kamusta ka eon? Kamusta ka ron? How are you?
Ano ing pangaean? Ano imong pangalan? What is your name?
Siin ka gaadto? Sa diin ‘kaw maadto? Where are you going?
Hin-uno ka gapanaw? San-o ‘kaw mapanaw? When are you leaving?
Anong oras eon? Anong oras ron? What time is it?
Tig-pila ea? Tig-pila ya? How much is this?
Bak-eon ko raya Baklon ko ya I will buy this
Kagwapa ka gid-ing Gwapa ’kaw You are beautiful
Kagwapo ka gid-ing Gwapo ’kaw You are handsome
Kabuot ka gid-ing Buot ’kaw You are kind
Maalam ka gid-ing Alam ’kaw You are smart
Ta eon Dali ron Let's go
Dalia Bakasa Hurry up
Balik eon kita Balik 'ta ron Let's go back
Owa ako naka eobot Uwa ko kalubot I do not understand
Owa ako naka sayod Uwa ko kasayud I do not know
Gusto ko ro maeamig nga tubi Ila ko it lamig nga tubi I'd like cold water
Gutom eon ako Gutom ron ko I am hungry
Taeon ma kaon Kaon ta Let's eat
Kanami eo pagkaon Nami ang pagkaon The food is delicious
Owa ako't kwarta Wa ako it kuarta I have no money
Kaumangon kat ing Umang ’kaw You are crazy
Gahinibayag ka gid-ing Gakadlaw ’kaw You are laughing
Magamit ko it banyo Pagamit ko it banyo I need to use the toilet
Mapanaw eon kita Panaw ta ron We are going
Si-in dapit ing baeay? Sa diin imong balay? Where is your house located?
Si-in ka gatinir? Sa diin ‘kaw gauli? Where are you staying?
Mag dahan ka Dahan ‘kaw Take care

[7]

Philippine National Proverb:

"Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makararating sa paroroonan." (Tagalog)

"Ro uwa' gatan-aw sa anang ginhalinan hay indi makaabut sa anang ginapaeangpan." (Akeanon)

"Ang di kausoy magbalikid sa anang ginhalinan hay indi makaabut sa anang ginaayanan." (Malaynon)

"Ang indi makahibalo magbalikid sang iya ginhalinan, indi makaabot sa iya padulungan." (Hiligaynon)

"He who does not look back where he came from, will never reach his destination." (English)

Numbers

Number Akeanon/Malaynon Hiligaynon Tagalog English
1 Isaea Isá Isa One
2 Daywa Duhá Dalawa Two
3 Tatlo Tátlo Tatlo Three
4 Ap-at Ápat Apat Four
5 Li-má Limá Lima Five
6 An-om Ánum Anim Six
7 Pitó Pitó Pito Seven
8 Waeo/Walo Waló Walo Eight
9 Siyám Siyám Siyam Nine
10 Púeo/Pulo Pulò/Napulò Sampu Ten

Literature

Note: All these poems were written by Melchor F. Cichon, an Aklanon poet.

  • Ambeth. Philippine Panorama, August 14, 1994.
  • Emergency Room. The Aklan Reporter, December 7, 1994, p. 10
  • Eva, Si Adan! (Finalist Sa Unang Premyo Openiano A. Italia Competition, January 1993, Duenas, Iloilo)
  • Ham-at Madueom Ro Gabii Inay? Philippine Panorama, March 27, 1994, p. 29. (First Aklanon poem published in the Phil. Pan.) Also in The Aklan Reporter, April 6, 1994, p. 8.
  • Hin-uno Pa. The Aklan Reporter, February 23, 1994, p. 8. Also in Ani December 1993, p. 44
  • Inay. Philippine Collegian, October 4, 1973, p. 3 (First Aklanon poem in the Philippine Collegian)
  • Limog sa Idaeom. Ani December 1993, p. 48
  • Mamunit Ako Inay. The Aklan Reporter, December 28, 1994, p. 10
  • Manog-Uling. The Aklan Reporter July 29, 1992, p. 9. Also in Ani December 1993, p. 50
  • Owa't Kaso, Saeamat. Mantala 3:97 2000
  • Ro Bantay. The Aklan Reporter, September 6, 1995, p. 7
  • Competition, March 13, 1998, UPV Auditorium, Iloilo City
  • Sa Pilapil It Tangke. Ani December 1994, p. 46
  • Toto, Pumailaya Ka. Pagbutlak (First Aklanon in Pagbutlak)
  • Welga. Mantala 3:99 2000

Learning resources

  • "Five-language Dictionary (Panay Island)" ISBN 971-9023-25-2, 2003 Roman dela Cruz Kalibo, Aklan
  • "A study of the Aklanon dialect" / Authors: Beato A. de la Cruz, R. David Paul Zorc, Vicente Salas Reyes, & Nicolas L. Prado; Public Domain 1968-1969; Kalibo, Aklan
    • "Vol.I Grammar" Smithsonian Institution Libraries call# 39088000201871 (Full text on ERIC)
    • 'Vol.II A Dictionary (of root words and derivations) Aklanon to English" Smithsonian Institution Libraries call# 39088000201889 (Full text on ERIC)
  • "The functions of ‘hay’ in Aklanon narrative discourse". 1990. Brainard, Sherri and Poul Jensen.
  • "A preliminary study of demonstratives in Aklanon narratives". 1992. Jensen, Kristine and Rodolfo R. Barlaan.

References

  1. ^ Inakeanon at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
    Malaynon at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. ^ a b "Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: akl". ISO 639-3 Registration Authority – SIL International. Retrieved 2017-07-06. Name: Aklanon
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Glottolog was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ "Aklan (less commonly Aklanon)". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. Retrieved 2017-07-06.
  5. ^ a b Beato A. de la Cruz; R. David Paul Zorc (1968). A Study of the Aklanon Dialect. Volume 1: Grammar (PDF). Washington, DC: Peace Corps.
  6. ^ "Malaynon, A language of the Philippines". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 5 January 2008. Retrieved 2007-12-16.
  7. ^ "The Philippine National Proverb". Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-16.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Akeanon phrasebook.
Aklanon language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator
For a list of words relating to Aklanon language, see the Aklanon language category of words in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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