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Despite facing numerous cases involving alleged corruption, she has yet to be imprisoned and she continues to wield power. Her ability to survive upheavals in her life has led her to be called the "[[Iron Lady|Steel Butterfly]]".
Despite facing numerous cases involving alleged corruption, she has yet to be imprisoned and she continues to wield power. Her ability to survive upheavals in her life has led her to be called the "[[Iron Lady|Steel Butterfly]]".


AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS TITTIES
==Early life==
Imelda Remedios Visitación Trinidad Romuáldez was born on July 2, 1929 in Manila to Remedios Trinidad and Vicente Romuáldez, brother of [[Philippine Supreme Court]] Associate Justice [[Norberto Romuáldez]]. Her paternal ancestors were from a land-owning family in [[Tolosa, Leyte]], descended from Granada, [[Andalusia]], [[Spain]].<ref name="Polotan">Kerima Polotan, "Imelda Romualdez Marcos, A Biography of the First Lady of the Philippines", The World Publishing Company, Ohio</ref> She has five other siblings: Alfredo, Alita, Armando, [[Benjamin Romualdez|Benjamin]] (1930-2012),<ref>[http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/248875/news/nation/kokoy-romualdez-powerful-younger-brother-of-imelda-marcos-dies-at-81 "Kokoy Romualdez, powerful younger brother of Imelda Marcos, dies at 81"]. ''GMA''. February 2012.</ref> and Concepcion who spent their childhood in [[San Miguel, Manila|San Miguel]]. After their mother died in 1938, their family moved to [[Tacloban]], where she was known as the "Rose of Tacloban",<ref name = "Byrne's Love" /> and she was raised by her servant Estrella Cumpas.<ref name = "Ellison">Katherine Ellison, ''Imelda, Steel Butterfly of the Philippines'', McGraw-Hill, New York, 1988. ISBN 0-07-019335-5</ref><ref>''Imelda: a Story of the Philippines'', Beatriz Francia</ref><ref>{{cite news| last = Rowan| first = Roy
| title = Orchid or Iron Butterfly, Imelda Marcos Is a Prime Mover in Manila| publisher = People Magazine| date = March 29. 1979 | url =http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20066297,00.html| accessdate = July 23, 2006. }}</ref> In the film ''Imelda'', she claimed to have met [[Douglas MacArthur]] when he landed in Tacloban at the end of [[World War II]].<ref name = "SF" >[http://www.sfgate.com/movies/article/FILM-CLIPS-Also-opening-today-2714685.php#page-3 FILM CLIPS / Also opening today]. ''[[San Francisco Gate]]''. June 11, 2004.</ref><ref name="SF"/><ref name = "Washington" >[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A51840-2004Jul15.html 'Imelda': Don't Cry for Her]. ''[[The Washington Post]]''. July 16, 2004.</ref>

At the request of her uncle, [[Daniel Z. Romualdez]], Imelda returned in the year 1950 to Manila, where she worked in a music store by [[Escolta]] street as a singer to attract customers. She took voice lessons at the music conservatory of the [[University of Santo Tomas]].<ref name="Pedrosa" /> Imelda would later join a beauty pageant known as "Miss Manila" where she placed second but was named the "Muse of Manila" after contesting the results.<ref name = "TV" >[http://movies.tvguide.com/imelda/review/137503 Imelda]. '.[[TV Guide]]''.</ref> This lead to her to become a local supermodel with her pictures appearing in local magazines and newspapers.<ref name = "Britannica" >[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/364314/Imelda-Marcos Imelda Marcos (Filipino Public Figure)]. ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''.</ref><ref name = "Chic" >[http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2006-11-06/news/0611060221_1_imelda-marcos-marcos-home-imee-marcos `I'm a magpie for beauty']. ''[[The Chicago Tribune]]''. November 6, 2006.</ref> Before meeting her husband, she briely dated [[Benigno Aquino, Jr.]], who would later become her political rival.<ref name = "Byrne's Love" /><ref name="Pedrosa" /> On May 1, 1954, Imelda married [[Ferdinand Marcos]], a [[Nacionalista Party]] congressman from Ilocos Norte,<ref>[http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/01/06/14/staycation-guide-overnight-stay-quiapo Staycation guide: Overnight stay in Quiapo]. [[ABS-CBN News]]. January 6, 2014.</ref> who was introduced to her by her uncle. Her marriage resulted in three children: [[Imee Marcos|Imee]], [[Ferdinand Marcos Jr.|Ferdinand, Jr.]], and [[Irene Marcos-Araneta|Irene]]. She also adopted a girl named Aimee.<ref name="Pedrosa">Carmen Navarro Pedrosa. ''The Untold Story of Imelda Marcos'', Manila: Bookmark, 1969, p. 3–4.</ref>


==First Lady==
==First Lady==

Revision as of 00:30, 4 February 2014

The Honorable
Imelda Marcos
First Lady of the Philippines
In office
December 30, 1965 – February 25, 1986
PresidentFerdinand Marcos
Preceded byEva Macapagal
Succeeded byAmelita Ramos
Member of the Philippine House of Representatives from Ilocos Norte's Second District
Assumed office
June 30, 2010
PresidentBenigno Aquino III
Preceded byFerdinand Marcos, Jr.
Member of the Philippine House of Representatives from Leyte's First District
In office
June 30, 1995 – June 30, 1998
PresidentFidel V. Ramos
Preceded byCirilo Roy Montejo
Succeeded byAlfred Romuáldez
Mambabatas Pambansa from Region IV-A
In office
June 12, 1978 – June 5, 1984
PresidentFerdinand Marcos
Governor of Metropolitan Manila
In office
February 27, 1975 – February 25, 1986
PresidentFerdinand Marcos
Succeeded byJejomar Binay
Minister of Human Settlements
In office
1978–1986
PresidentFerdinand Marcos
Preceded byAntonio Villarama
Succeeded byMita Pardo de Tavera
Ambassador Plenipotentiary and Extraordinary
In office
1978–1986
PresidentFerdinand Marcos
Personal details
Born
Imelda Remedios Visitación Trinidad Romuáldez

(1929-07-02) July 2, 1929 (age 94)
Manila, Philippines
Political partyKilusang Bagong Lipunan (1978–present)
Other political
affiliations		Nacionalista (1965-1978; 2009–present)
SpouseFerdinand Marcos (1954–1989; his death)
RelationsBenjamin Romualdez (brother)
Daniel Z. Romualdez (cousin)
Norberto Romuáldez (uncle)
Mariano Marcos (father-in-law)
Pacifico Marcos (brother-in-law)
ChildrenImee
Ferdinand, Jr.
Irene
Aimee
ResidenceMakati
OccupationSupermodel
ProfessionFashion designer

Imelda Marcos, GM PLH (born July 2, 1929) is the widow of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos and forms half of their so-called conjugal dictatorship. She is remembered as a symbol of excess during her husband's twenty-year rule because of her collection of more than a thousand pairs of shoes.

Imelda began her career as a local singer and model in Manila before meeting her husband Ferdinand, who would later be elected President. After the declaration of martial law in 1972, Imelda began holding positions in the national government that allowed her to travel the world and accumulate artwork and real estate. The couple consolidated their power allowing them to transport funds from the Philippine treasury into offshore accounts, such as those within banks in Switzerland.

Accusations of corruption and human rights violations against them would culminate in the assassination of Benigno Aquino, Jr. that would lead to the People Power Revolution which forced the Marcoses out of office and into exile in Hawaii. After the death of Ferdinand, Imelda and her family were given amnesty by Corazon Aquino. Her return to the Philippines has since allowed her to restore her political dynasty and she was elected in the House of Representatives in 1995 for Leyte and again in 2010 for Ilocos Norte.

Despite facing numerous cases involving alleged corruption, she has yet to be imprisoned and she continues to wield power. Her ability to survive upheavals in her life has led her to be called the "Steel Butterfly".

AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOSAKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS AKO SI KIKO DEL ROSARIO PAKE NIYO BICHACHOS TITTIES

First Lady

On December 1965,[1] her husband, Ferdinand, was elected as the 10th President of the Philippines and she served as First Lady. Later in July 1966, Imelda became involved in an altercation with the Beatles when they toured the Philippines after they unintentionally snubbed her who had expected the group to attend a breakfast reception at Malacañang.[2] The snub was broadcast on Philippine television and radio.[3] In an attempt to hold on to power, her husband declared martial law on September 23, 1972. On December 7 that same year, an assailant tried to stab her to death with a bolo knife during an award ceremony broadcast live on television. The assailant was shot to death by police while she suffered wounds on her hands and arms that required 75 stitches.[4] Once her husband had consolidated his power, Imelda orchestrated lavish public events using millions of U.S. dollars in public funds to extol her husband's regime and bolster her public image.[5][6][7]

She secured the Miss Universe 1974 pageant for Manila, which necessitated the construction and completion of the 10,000-seat Folk Arts Theater in less than three months.[8] She also organized the Kasaysayan ng Lahi, an extravagant festival parade showcasing the history of the Philippines.[9][10] Imelda initiated social programs such as the Green Revolution that intended to address hunger and landless-ness through the encouragement of planting vegetables and fruits into people's gardens. Another program included a national family-planning program,[11] and a third is an African safari in Calauit Island.[12] In 1978, Imelda was appointed as member of the Interim Batasang Pambansa representing Region IV-A. Imelda was later appointed as Ambassador Plenipotentiary and Extraordinary and she toured numerous countries, most notably the United States, China,[13] the Soviet Union, Libya, Yugoslavia, Iraq, and Cuba. Throughout her travels,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] she became friends with a variety of political figures including Richard Nixon, Muammar Gaddafi, Saddam Hussein,[22] Fidel Castro, and Joseph Tito.[23][24] A Wikileaks diplomatic note "claims she was waiting for Spain's dictator Franco to die so she could fly to Madrid for the funeral."[25]

Imelda with her husband and Lyndon B. Johnson in Manila, 1966

To justify the multi-million U.S. dollar expenditure of traveling with a large diplomatic entourage using private jets, she would claim that included she was securing of a cheap supply of oil from China, Iraq, and Libya, which she also said was instrumental in the signing of the Tripoli Agreement of the Moro National Liberation Front. She continued her extravagant lifestyle US$5-million shopping tours in New York, Rome, and Copenhagen in 1983. One of her excesses included sending a plane to pick up Australian white sand for a beach resort.[26] During her trip to the dedication of the Sydney Opera House, she tried to upstage Queen Elizabeth.[27] Besides being an ambassador, Imelda also held the position of Minister of Human Settlements which allowed her to build, institutions such as Cultural Center of the Philippines, Philippine Heart Center, Lung Center of the Philippines, Philippine International Convention Center, Coconut Palace, and the Manila Film Center, most of which are still used up until the 21st century.[24][28]

Imelda purchased a number of properties in Manhattan in the 1980s, including the US$51-million Crown Building, the Woolworth Building in 40 Wall Street. and the US$60-million Herald Centre. It was stated that she declined to purchase the Empire State Building for $750m as she considered it "too ostentatious."[29] Her property also included jewels and a 175-piece art collection,[30] which included works by Michelangelo, Botticelli, Canaletto, Raphael,[31] as well as Monet’s “L’Église et La Seine à Vétheuil” (1881), Alfred Sisley’s “Langland Bay” (1887), and Albert Marquet’s “Le Cyprès de Djenan Sidi Said” (1946), also known as “Algerian View.”[32] When criticized, Imelda responded that it was her "duty" to be "some kind of light, a star to give the poor guidelines."[29]

People Power

Imelda was instrumental in the 1980 exile in the United States of opposition leader Benigno Aquino, Jr., who had suffered a heart attack during his imprisonment.[33] Martial Law was later lifted in 1981 and her husband, Ferdinand, was again elected president in what was believed to be sham elections.[34] Unfortunately, her husband began to suffer from lupus erythematosus so Imelda effectively ruled in his place. Aquino returned in 1983 and he was assassinated at the Manila International Airport. Accusation against her began to rise so her husband ordered the Agrava Commission, fact-finding committee, to investigate her but she was not found to be guilty.[35][36][37][38]

In the year 1986, snap elections were held between Ferdinand Marcos and Corazon Aquino, the widow of former Senator and opposition leader Benigno Aquino Jr.[39] In spite of Ferdinand winning the elections, allegations of vote rigging led to mass protests that would be later known as the People Power Revolution.[40] On February 25, Imelda and her family fled to Hawaii via Guam. After they left Malacañan Palace, Imelda was found to have left behind 15 mink coats, 508 gowns, 1,000 handbags,[41] and 1,060 pairs of shoes. The exact number of shoes varies between accounts with estimates of up to 7500 pairs of shoes.[42] However, Time reported that the final tally was only 1,060.[43] The location where her shoes and jewelry were being kept was later destroyed and the contents stolen. Even a painting of Imelda was destroyed outside the Palace.[29][44][45][46][47]

On October 1988, Imelda, her husband Ferdinand, and Adnan Khashoggi, a Saudi Arabian former billionaire and arms dealer, were tried by a Federal grand jury in Manhattan for a racketeering case.[48] The charges included embezzlement of more than US$100 million from the Philippines used to buy three buildings in New York City and fraudulently borrowing US$165 million from American banks to refinance the buildings and buy additional property.[49] The couple pleaded not guilty and were represented by trial lawyer Gerry Spence.[50] Imelda's US$5-million-dollar bail was posted by tobacco heiress, Doris Duke, who befriended her while she lived in Hawaii.[51] Actor George Hamilton was a witness in her defense. The case ended in acquittal in 1990.[52] Ferdinand died in exile in Hawaii on September 28, 1989. Aquino refused to permit the repatriation of his remains because of national security reasons.[53] The Supreme Court upheld the decision of the government in Marcos vs. Manglapus.[54][55] In 1991, Imelda was allowed to return home through an amnesty proclamation.[56][57]

Amnesty; return

After her alliterative fall from grace, Imelda was allowed to return to the Philippines through a presidential pardon by Corazon Aquino on November 4, 1991.[58][59][60] The following year, she ran for president in the hotly-contested 1992 presidential elections, where she finished 5th out of 7 candidates with 2,338,294 votes.[61] In trials held during that year, Imelda claimed that her fortune came from Yamashita's Gold.[62] On September 1993, Imelda was found guilty of corruption by a Manila court and sentenced to 18 to 24 years in prison. She was set free on bail and she filed an appeal. This was just one of around 100 cases involving US$350-million allegedly held by the Marcos family in banks in Switzerland. The Swiss federal tribunal had ruled in December 1990 that the money would only be returned to national government in Manila if a Philippine court convicted Imelda in a fair trial.[63]

Imelda in Makati, 2008.

In 1995, she was elected as a congresswoman of Leyte, representing the first district. Imelda defeated Cirilo Montejo by a landslide victory with 70,471 votes against Montejo's 36,833. Initially, a disqualification case was filed against her but the Supreme Court ruled in her favor.[64] The following year, British musician Mark Knopfler wrote the song "Imelda", which was featured in his album Golden Heart, in her honor.[65][66][67] In 1998, Imelda would again seek the presidency. She ran presidential elections of that year but later withdrew to support the eventual winner Joseph Estrada.[68] She finished 9th among 11 candidates. Estrada's administration would be instrumental in the dismissal of the cases filed by the Aquino government through Ombudsman Aniano Desierto, who said that technicalities and a lapse of the prescriptive period for filing cases were an obstacle.[69] On June 29, 1998, the Sandiganbayan convicted the her of a charge that she had entered into an agreement disadvantageous to the government. On appeal, the Supreme Court reversed the decision and cited Sandiganbayan Justice Francis Gatchitorena for his alleged bias against Imelda.[70][71] [72]

In contrast to Imelda's very public life in the 1990s, her life in the first decade of the 21st century was a bit more private as she had retreated out of politics and focused mostly on her trials. In December 2000, she suffered a blood clot in her brain but was able to recover.[73] She was the subject of the 2003 documentary film Imelda by Ramona S. Diaz in which she was interviewed about her life as a First Lady.[74][75] In 2004, the Global Transparency Report published a study that showed she and her husband amassed between $5 billion to $10 billion[76] By September 21, 2007, Imelda still had 10 pending graft cases.[77] She was acquitted on March 10, 2008 by the Manila Regional Trial Court Branch 26 of 32 counts of dollar salting involving Swiss bank accounts due to reasonable doubt. Imelda, in reaction to her acquittal, said: "First of all, I am so happy and I thank the Lord that the 32 cases have been dismissed by the regional court here in Manila. This will subtract from the 901 cases that were filed against the Marcoses."[78] Imelda still had 10 pending criminal cases remaining before the Sandiganbayan Courts.[79] Imelda returned to the fashion scene by making a public appearance on October 8, 2008 when she was featured in the Project Runway Philippines (season 1) episode "Terno Challenge". She previously tried a comeback in 2006 by designing jewelry dubbed as the Imelda Collection.[80] Imelda celebrated her 80th birthday in 2009 with a lavish party in the grand ballroom of Hotel Sofitel in Manila.[81] Her party was reminiscent of the extravagant gatherings she held as First Lady. Opera singers and a pianist performed on a stage adorned with her portrait. Marcos-era friends showed up, including Japanese socialite Ratna Sari Dewi Sukarno, a widow of the former President of Indonesia, Sukarno, who flew in from Japan just to attend the party.[81][82]

Political comeback

Marikina Shoe Museum, where her shoes rest.

In 2010, Imelda ran for the second district of Ilocos Norte in the 2010 elections to replace her son, Ferdinand Marcos, Jr., who was running for Senator under the Nacionalista Party.[83][84] She won over her nearest rival Mariano Nalupta, Jr. by 80% to 20%.[85] She held the position of Millennium Development Goals chairperson in the Lower House.[86] In the same year, British producer Fatboy Slim and American musician David Byrne created a concept album called Here Lies Love. It centered around the life of Imelda leading up to her family's exile in Hawai'i. The album featured many guest singers; such as Cyndi Lauper, Florence Welch, Tori Amos, Sia, and Santigold; alternately playing the roles of Imelda and her servant, Estrella Cumpas, in each its tracks.[87] In the spring of 2013, The Public Theater in New York presented a staged musical version of the album.[88][89][90] An open-ended run returns to the Public Theater on March 24, 2014.[91][92]

In 2011, the Sandiganbayan's Fifth Division ordered Imelda to return US$280,000 in government funds taken by her and her late husband from the National Food Authority.[93] In 2012, Imelda declared her net worth to be US$22-millio. She was listed as the second-richest Philippine politician behind boxer Manny Pacquiao.[94] On September 27, 2012, Imelda attended the book launch of Juan Ponce Enrile's autobiography, Juan Ponce Enrile: A Memoir, in the Rigodon Ballroom of The Peninsula Manila near her home in Makati. There, Imelda met with Benigno S. Aquino III.[95][96] Imelda filed her certificate of candidacy on October 3, 2012, as she sought to renew her term as Ilocos Norte's second district representative.[97] She said she wants to continue serving the province despite her age. In 2013, she won the elections with a 94,484 votes against her opponents Ignacio with 11,221 and Madamba with 1,647.[98]

Early in 2013, the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists made an expose of offshore leaks that includes the name of her eldest daughter, Imee, among the list of wealthy people involved in offshore financial secrecy. It was revealed that Imee had been helping her mother, Imelda, in hiding parts of President Ferdinand Marcos' wealth in tax havens such as those in the British Virgin Islands.[99][100] In October 17, 2013, Claude Monet's paintings, L'Eglise de Vetheuil and Le Bassin aux Nymphease, became subjects of a legal case in New York against NY-based Vilma Bautista, one-time aide to Imelda,[101] after she sold Le Bassin aux Nymphease for U]$32 million to a Swiss buyer. The said Monet paintings, along with two others, were acquired by Imelda during her husband Ferdinand's presidency and allegedly bought using the nation's funds. Bautista's lawyer claim that the aide sold the painting for Imelda but did not have a chance to give her the money. The Philippine government seeks the return of the painting.[102] Le Bassin aux Nymphease, also known as Japanese Footbridge over the Water-Lily Pond at Giverny, is part of Monet's famed Water Lilies series.[32] Her secretary was sentenced in January 6, 2014.[103] On January 13, 2014, three collections of her jewelry: the Malacanang collection, the Roumeliotes collection, and the Hawaii collection; along with paintings of Claude Monet were seized by the Philippine government.[104][105][106][107][108] Imelda caused a stir in January 2014 when she called the hospital arrest of Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo by Benigno Aquino III as "cruel, unjust."[109][110][111]

Legacy

Imelda's lavish collection of 3,000 shoes including white Pierre Cardin heels now lie partly in the National Museum of the Philippines and partly in a shoe museum in Marikina.[112] Typhoon Haiyan damaged her ancestral home in Tacloban, which also serves as a museum,[113] although she still retains homes in Ilocos Norte and Makati, where she resides.[114] Her net worth is assumed to be US$5 billion,[115][116][117] making her the third richest Filipino after Henry Sy and Lucio Tan and the richest woman in the country.[118][119][120] The town of Imelda, Zamboanga Sibugay is named after her.[121] She is known by her nicknames "Iron Butterfly" or "Steel Butterfly".[38][122][123][124][125]

Quotes

Topic Quotes by Imelda[126] Source
Popularity and Politics "When you reach a certain level of leadership, people cannot be neutral with you. They either love, love, love you, or hate, hate, hate you." BBC News (2000)[127]
Human Rights “We never had such a violation of human rights. In fact, we have had no human rights case here in the Philippines, even to this day. “ Imelda (2003)[128]
Beauty “It is not expensive to be beautiful. It takes only a little effort to be presentable and beautiful. But it takes some effort. And unfortunately people think of beauty as luxury, beauty as frivolity, ... or extravagance. Beauty is a discipline, beauty is art, is harmony, in the ideological sense and in the theological sense, beauty is God and love made real. And the ultimate reach in this world is beauty.” Imelda
Ugliness “I seem to be able to only see the positive things in life and the beautiful things in life and when I see, for instance, garbage or ugliness, then I turn my back or I seem to be able to skip it.” Imelda
Setting an example "I am my little people's star and slave. When I go out into the barrios, I get dressed because I know my little people want to see a star. Other presidents' wives have gone to the barrios wearing housedresses and slippers. That's not what people want to see. People want someone they can love, someone to set an example." Los Angeles Times (1980)
Her Legacy "I was born ostentatious. They will list my name in the dictionary someday. They will use Imeldific to mean ostentatious extravagance." Associated Press (1998)
Making it “’Who is Imelda?’ I come from a third world country, third class province. And I was orphaned—and look, Imelda made it. If Imelda made it everyone can make it. At this age and stage I feel so good I’m still ready to fly.” Imelda

Ancestry

Family of Imelda Marcos
Daniel Romuáldez Sr.
Vicente Orestes López Romuáldez
Francisco López
Trinidad Romuáldez López
María Crisóstomo Talentín
Imelda Marcos y Romuáldez
Remedios Trinidad de Guzmán
Marciana de Guzmán

Family

Mariano MarcosJosefa EdralinVicente RomuáldezRemedios Trinidad
Ferdinand MarcosImelda RomuáldezAlfredo RomuáldezAlita RomuáldezArmando RomuáldezBenjamin RomuáldezConcepcion Romuáldez
Tommy ManotocImee MarcosFerdinand Marcos, Jr.Louise AranetaGregorio Araneta IIIIrene MarcosAimee Marcos

Titles

Template:Incumbent succession box
Honorary titles
Preceded by First Lady of the Philippines
1965–1986 		Vacant
Title next held by
Amelita Ramos
House of Representatives of the Philippines
Preceded by
Cirilo Roy C. Montejo
 Member of the House of Representatives from Leyte's 1st district
1995–1998 		Succeeded by
Alfred S. Romualdez

Elections

Gallery

See also

References

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Look up imeldific in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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