2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries: Difference between revisions

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Presidential primaries and caucuses are being organized by the Democratic Party to select the delegates to the 2024 Democratic National Convention, to determine the party's nominee for president in the 2024 United States presidential election. The elections will take place in all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, five U.S. territories, and Democrats Abroad, and will be held between February and June that year.^[1]

Incumbent president Joe Biden declared his intent in January 2022 to run for re-election, keeping vice president Kamala Harris as his running mate.^[2] On September 15, he told Scott Pelley in a CBS 60 Minutes interview that he has not yet committed to run.^[3] In a private conversation with civil-rights activist Al Sharpton on October 3, he reportedly told that he is seeking re-election.^[4] On October 11, he told Jake Tapper in an interview on CNN that he would decide whether or not to run after the 2022 midterm elections.^[5] He is the oldest person to assume the office at age 78,^[6] and he would be 82 at the end of his first term. If re-elected, he would be 86 at the end of his second term. During late 2021, as Biden was suffering from low approval ratings in the polls, there was speculation that he would not seek re-election.^[7] If this occurs, Vice President Harris and Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg would be considered likely candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination, both having run for president in 2020.^[8]^[9] Some prominent Democrats have publicly urged Biden not to run, including U.S. Representatives Dean Phillips and Carolyn Maloney and former U.S. Representative and 2022 South Carolina gubernatorial nominee Joe Cunningham, though Maloney later apologized and said that Biden should run again.^[10]^[11] There is speculation that Biden will face a primary challenge from a member of the Democratic Party's progressive faction.^[12]^[13] If Biden is not the nominee in 2024, it will be the first election since 1968 in which an eligible^[b] incumbent president was not the eventual nominee of their party after Lyndon B. Johnson, and if he chooses not to seek reelection, it will be the first election since 1928 in which an eligible incumbent president did not seek reelection after Calvin Coolidge.^[c]

The incumbent

The rules for when a Democrat holds the presidency are different than when one does not. The race is, indeed, to some extent, fixed. There will be no officially sanctioned debates, South Carolina charges prohibitive filing fees of up to $60 thousand^[15], and most states, as in 1996 and 2012, will just put the President's name on the ballot and no one else's. There may be litigation, but in previous cycles, (see below) the courts have affirmed the party's decisions.

As early as 2021, President Biden has publicly stated his intention to run for reelection^[16], and in fall of 2022, an exploratory committee^[17], and official website shortly after.

Name	Born	Experience	Home state	Campaign Announcement date	Ref
Joe Biden	June 14, 1943 (age 81) Pennyslvania	President of the United States (2021-)	Delaware	Draft:Joe Biden 2024 Presidential campaign

Challengers

in recent election cycles, it has been considered a fun thing to do for people to file as a presidential candidate. Literally, thousands have done so and gone no further. A few have paid the $1000 fee to get on the ballot in New Hampshire, and still fewer have gone through the onerous process of getting their names on the ballot in other states.

Even if these candidates achieve ballot status, they could still be stripped of their delegates, as Lyndon LaRouche was in 1996^[18] and John Wolf, Jr.^[19]^[20]^[21] and Keith Russel Judd in 2012, ^[22] even though both of them received over 40% of the vote in at least one primary.

The following notable people have formally announced their candidacies: These candidates in this section are otherwise noteworthy, but they have not received substantial media coverage, held significant elected office, and/or been included in at least five national polls.

Jerome Segal, University of Maryland, College Park research scholar, Bread and Roses Party nominee for president in 2020, Democratic candidate for Governor of Maryland in 2022^[23]

The alternative, without an incumbent

President Biden has stated that there is a chance he may still change his mind about running for reelection. In such a case, dozens of potential candidates will begin discussions with donors and other supporters on whether the race is worth the effort. In 2020 as many as 20 people had qualified to take part in authorized debates, which in earlier cycles were held starting in the late spring.

The so-called Great Mentioner, a mythical pundit who embodies the hopes and dreams of activists throughout the country, has mentioned several dozen possible contenders should the President withdraw. As of As of December 2022^[update],among these are: <--Please DO NOT promote the idea that Jimmy Carter is eligible to run for re-election; it's very unlikely that he will do so.-->

Cory Booker, United States Senator from New Jersey (2013–present), 38th Mayor of Newark, New Jersey (2006–2013), member of the Municipal Council of Newark (1998–2002), candidate for president in 2020^[24]^[25]
Pete Buttigieg, 19th United States Secretary of Transportation (2021–present), 32nd Mayor of South Bend, Indiana (2012–2020), candidate for president in 2020^[26]^[25]
Roy Cooper, 75th Governor of North Carolina (2017–present), 49th Attorney General of North Carolina (2001–2017), Member of the North Carolina Senate (1991–2001), Member of the North Carolina House of Representatives (1987–1991)^[25]^[27]
John Fetterman, United States Senator-elect from Pennsylvania (starting 2023), Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania (2019–present), Mayor of Braddock, Pennsylvania (2005–2019)^[28]^[29]
Mitch Landrieu, Senior Advisor to the President for Infrastructure Coordination (2021–present), President of the United States Conference of Mayors (2017–2018), 61st Mayor of New Orleans (2010–2018), 51st Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana (2004–2010), Member of the Louisiana House of Representatives (1988–2004)^[29]^[30]
Wes Moore, Governor–elect of Maryland (starting 2023)^[25]^[31]
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, United States Representative from NY-14 (2019–present)^[24]^[25]
Jon Ossoff, United States Senator from Georgia (2021–present)^[32]^[25]
Ayanna Pressley, United States Representative from MA-07 (2019–present); Member of the Boston City Council at-large (2010–2019)^[33]^[34]
Gina Raimondo, 40th United States Secretary of Commerce (2021–present), 75th Governor of Rhode Island (2015–2021), 30th General Treasurer of Rhode Island (2011–2015)^[35]^[30]
Bernie Sanders, United States Senator from Vermont (2007–present), United States Representative from Vermont-AL (1991–2007), 37th Mayor of Burlington, Vermont (1981–1989), candidate for president in 2020 and 2016^[36]^[25]
Josh Shapiro, Governor-elect of Pennsylvania (starting 2023), Attorney General of Pennsylvania (2017–present)^[37]^[38]
Nina Turner, Member of the Ohio Senate (2008–2014), Member of the Cleveland City Council (2006–2008)^[39]^[40]
Raphael Warnock, United States Senator from Georgia (2021–present)^[41]^[25]

U.S. Senator
Cory Booker
from New Jersey
Secretary of Transportation
Pete Buttigieg
from Michigan
Governor
Roy Cooper
of North Carolina
U.S. Senator-elect
John Fetterman
from Pennsylvania
Former Mayor of
New Orleans
Mitch Landrieu
from Louisiana
Governor-elect
Wes Moore
of Maryland
U.S. Representative
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez
from New York
U.S. Senator
Jon Ossoff
from Georgia
U.S. Representative
Ayanna Pressley
from Massachusetts
Secretary of Commerce
Gina Raimondo
from Rhode Island
U.S. Senator
Bernie Sanders
from Vermont
Governor-elect
Josh Shapiro
of Pennsylvania
Former State Senator
Nina Turner
from Ohio
U.S. Senator
Raphael Warnock
from Georgia

Declined to be candidates

The following notable individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacy, but have publicly denied interest in running.

Stacey Abrams, founder of Fair Fight Action, Minority Leader of the Georgia House of Representatives (2011–2017) from the 89th district (2007–2017), nominee for Governor of Georgia in 2018 and 2022^[42]^[43]
Sherrod Brown, United States Senator from Ohio (2007–present), United States Representative from OH-13 (1993–2007), 47th Secretary of State of Ohio (1983–1991)^[44] (running for re-election)^[45]
Andy Beshear, 63rd Governor of Kentucky (2019–present), 50th Attorney General of Kentucky (2016–2019)^[46]^[47]
Hillary Clinton, 67th United States Secretary of State (2009–2013), United States Senator from New York (2001–2009), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001), Democratic presidential nominee in 2016, candidate for president in 2008^[48]^[49]
Al Gore, 45th Vice President of the United States (1993–2001), United States Senator from Tennessee (1985–1993), United States Representative from TN-06 (1983–1985) and TN-04 (1977–1983), Democratic presidential nominee in 2000, candidate for president in 1988^[50]^[51]
Kamala Harris, 49th Vice President of the United States (2021–present); U.S. Senator from California (2017–2021); Attorney General of California (2011–2017); 2020 presidential candidate^[52]^[53]
Jay Inslee, 23rd Governor of Washington (2013–present), United States Representative from WA-01 (1999–2012) and WA-04 (1993–1995), candidate for president in 2020^[54]^[55]
Ro Khanna, United States Representative from CA-17 (2017–present)^[56]^[57]
Amy Klobuchar, United States Senator from Minnesota (2007–present), County Attorney of Hennepin County (1999–2007), candidate for president in 2020^[58] (running for re-election)^[59]
Joe Manchin, United States Senator from West Virginia (2010–present), 34th Governor of West Virginia (2005–2010)^[60] (running for re-election)^[61]
Chris Murphy, United States Senator from Connecticut (2013–present), United States Representative from CT-5 (2007–2013), Member of the Connecticut State Senate from SD-16 (2003–2007), Member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from the 81st district (1999–2003)^[62]^[63] (running for re-election)^[64]
Phil Murphy, 56th Governor of New Jersey (2018–present), Vice Chair of the National Governors Association (2021–present), United States Ambassador to Germany (2009–2013), Finance Chair of the Democratic National Committee (2006–2009)^[43]^[65]
Gavin Newsom, 40th Governor of California (2019–present), 49th Lieutenant Governor of California (2011–2019), 41st Mayor of San Francisco (2004–2011)^[66]^[67]
Michelle Obama, First Lady of the United States (2009–2017)^[68]^[69]
Jared Polis, 43rd Governor of Colorado (2019–present), United States Representative from CO-02 (2009–2019), Member of the Colorado State Board of Education (2001–2007)^[70]^[71]
J. B. Pritzker, 43rd Governor of Illinois (2019–present)^[43]^[72]
Jon Stewart, host of The Problem with Jon Stewart (2021–present), former host of The Daily Show (1998–2015)^[73]^[74]
Elizabeth Warren, United States Senator from Massachusetts (2013–present), candidate for president in 2020^[75]^[76]
Gretchen Whitmer, 49th Governor of Michigan (2019–present), Vice Chair of the Democratic National Committee (2021–present), Ingham County Prosecuting Attorney (2016), Minority Leader of the Michigan State Senate (2011–2015), Member of the Michigan Senate (2006–2015), Member of the Michigan House of Representatives (2001–2006)^[77]^[78]

Vice presidential speculation

On January 19, 2022, Biden confirmed that Harris would be his running mate in 2024 in his likely re-election campaign.^[79]

Polling

Template:Import-blanktable

Polls with Biden

Nationwide polling

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size^[d]	Margin of error	Stacey Abrams	Joe Biden	Cory Booker	Pete Buttigieg	Kamala Harris	Michelle Obama	Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez	Bernie Sanders	Other	Undecided
Harvard/Harris	July 27–28, 2022	1885 (RV)	–	4%	31%	–	5%	12%	–	3%	8%	24%^[e]	13%
Zogby Analytics	May 23–24, 2022	544 (LV)	± 4.2%	3%	41%	–	–	11%	16%	–	8%	13%^[f]	8%
Harvard/Harris	May 18–19, 2022	–	–	3%	23%	–	5%	9%	–	3%	8%	9%	22%
YouGov	May 5–9, 2022	460 (A)	–	–	33%	–	8%	12%	–	6%	17%	16%^[g]	–
Harvard/Harris	January 19–20, 2022	–	–	–	32%	–	–	14%	–	–	11%	–	43%
McLaughlin & Associates	January 13–18, 2022	463 (LV)	–	6%	25%	2%	4%	8%	17%	7%	–	–	13%
UMass Amherst	December 14–20, 2021	491 (A)	–	–	40%	–	9%	10%	–	7%	18%	16%^[h]	–
YouGov/Yahoo News	December 9–13, 2021	530 (RV)	–	–	22%	–	10%	13%	–	5%	11%	–	24%
YouGov/Yahoo News	December 9–13, 2021	640 (A)	–	–	20%	–	10%	13%	–	7%	11%	–	24%
TIPP Insights	December 1–4, 2021	1,013 (RV)	–	4%	37%	3%	3%	16%	–	4%	–	2%	13%
Harvard/Harris	November 30 – December 2, 2021	1,989 (RV)	–	5%	36%	5%	3%	16%	–	5%	5%	10%	–
McLaughlin & Associates	November 11–16, 2021	450 (LV)	–	4%	24%	2%	8%	13%	16%	5%	–	12%	16%
Zogby Analytics	November 8–10, 2021	426 (LV)	–	6%	40%	4%	–	10%	20%	–	–	12%^[i]	8%
YouGov/Yahoo News	November 4–8, 2021	684 (A)	–	–	25%	–	7%	14%	–	8%	12%	8%^[j]	31%
NPR-PBS NewsHouse-Marist	October 18–22, 2021	469 (RV)	–	–	36%	–	–	–	–	–	–	44%	20%
Morning Consult	October 8–11, 2021	886 (RV)	–	–	83%	–	–	–	–	–	–	13%	4%
Emerson College	August 30 – September 1, 2021	450 (RV)	± 4.6%	–	60%	–	–	–	–	–	–	39%	1%
Trafalgar Group	Apr 30 – May 6, 2021	– (LV)^[k]	–	–	57%	–	–	–	–	–	–	22%^[l]	15%^[m]

Polls without Biden

Nationwide polling

Poll source	Date(s) administered	Sample size^[d]	Margin of error	Stacey Abrams	Cory Booker	Pete Buttigieg	Andrew Cuomo	Kamala Harris	Amy Klobuchar	Gavin Newsom	Michelle Obama	Beto O'Rourke	Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez	Bernie Sanders	Elizabeth Warren	Andrew Yang	Other	Undecided
Harvard/Harris	July 27–28, 2022	1885 (RV)	–	5%	–	8%	–	23%	4%	–	–	–	5%	8%	4%	–	30%^[n]	13%
Suffolk University	July 22–25, 2022	440 (RV)	±2.0%	–	–	16%	–	18%	11%	8%	–	–	10%	18%	–	–	8%^[o]	10%
NewsStation/Decision Desk HQ	July 22–24, 2022	1,000 (RV)	±3.0%	–	–	8%	–	16%	–	9%	–	–	6%	11%	–	–	51%^[p]	–
McLaughlin & Associates	June 17–22, 2022	456 (LV)	–	6%	3%	8%	1%	13%	3%	3%	19%	4%	7%	–	–	–	17%^[q]	15%
Echelon Insights	June 17–20, 2022	511 (LV)	–	6%	–	12%	–	27%	4%	5%	–	–	7%	–	6%	–	9%^[r]	18%
McLaughlin & Associates	April 22–26, 2022	463 (LV)	–	6%	3%	9%	2%	17%	4%	2%	23%	1%	4%	–	–	–	13%^[s]	17%
McLaughlin & Associates	March 17–22, 2022	466 (LV)	–	5%	3%	7%	1%	18%	2%	2%	20%	3%	6%	–	–	–	15%^[t]	18%
McLaughlin & Associates	February 16–22, 2022	453 (LV)	–	6%	4%	10%	1%	15%	2%	4%	22%	3%	6%	–	–	–	16%^[u]	13%
McLaughlin & Associates	January 13–18, 2022	463 (LV)	–	6%	4%	6%	2%	16%	3%	2%	22%	2%	9%	–	–	–	13%^[v]	15%
Harvard/Harris	November 30 – December 2, 2021	1,989 (RV)	–	5%	5%	8%	–	31%	5%	–	–	–	7%	15%	7%	–	16%^[w]	–
Hill-HarrisX	November 18–19, 2021	939 (RV)	± 3.2%	4%	3%	5%	–	26%	3%	4%	15%	2%	5%	7%	2%	1%	8%^[x]	16%
Echelon Insights	November 12–18, 2021	458 (LV)	–	6%	6%	8%	–	29%	2%	2%	–	–	5%	16%	6%	–	1%^[y]	16%
McLaughlin & Associates	November 11–16, 2021	450 (LV)	–	5%	3%	8%	2%	22%	5%	–	23%	3%	5%	–	–	–	29%	–
YouGov/Yahoo News	October 19–21, 2021	671 (A)	–	7%	–	9%	–	22%	–	–	–	–	7%	12%	8%	–	4%^[z]	31%
Echelon Insights	October 15–19, 2021	533 (LV)	–	5%	4%	9%	–	23%	4%	3%	–	–	5%	16%	6%	–	3%^[aa]	20%
McLaughlin & Associates	October 14–18, 2021	473 (LV)	–	5%	3%	9%	2%	29%	3%	2%	18%	3%	7%	–	–	–	7%^[ab]	14%
McLaughlin & Associates	September 9–14, 2021	476 (LV)	–	5%	4%	7%	2%	29%	3%	2%	17%	3%	7%	–	–	–	3%^[ac]	17%
McLaughlin & Associates	July 29 – August 3, 2021	467 (LV)	–	4%	5%	8%	4%	28%	2%	2%	16%	2%	7%	–	–	4%	4%^[ad]	14%
YouGov/Yahoo News	July 30 – August 2, 2021	697 (A)	–	4%	–	6%	–	44%	–	–	–	–	4%	10%	6%	–	18%^[ae]	20%
McLaughlin & Associates	June 16–20, 2021	463 (LV)	–	5%	3%	4%	2%	31%	3%	1%	19%	3%	5%	–	–	3%	5%^[af]	16%
McLaughlin & Associates	May 12–18, 2021	459 (LV)	–	4%	4%	6%	1%	35%	3%	2%	16%	2%	7%	–	–	2%	7%^[ag]	13%
Trafalgar Group	Apr 30 – May 6, 2021	– (LV)^[ah]	–	–	–	9%	–	41%	5%	–	–	4%	8%	–	–	3%	29%^[ai]	–
McLaughlin & Associates	Apr 8–13, 2021	458 (LV)	–	–	4%	5%	2%	34%	4%	2%	20%	2%	3%	–	–	4%	7%^[aj]	12%
McLaughlin & Associates	Feb 24–28, 2021	443 (LV)	–	–	4%	7%	1%	28%	3%	–	23%	2%	8%	–	–	4%	6%^[ak]	14%
	January 20, 2021	Inauguration of Joe Biden
McLaughlin & Associates	Dec 9–13, 2020	445 (LV)	–	–	3%	5%	5%	25%	2%	–	29%	–	7%	–	–	–	8%^[al]	18%
McLaughlin & Associates/Newsmax	Nov 21–23, 2020	445 (LV)	± 3.1%	–	2%	6%	5%	29%	2%	–	23%	–	6%	–	–	–	5%^[am]	23%
	November 3, 2020	2020 presidential election
McLaughlin & Associates	Nov 2–3, 2020	461 (LV)	–	–	2%	8%	8%	18%	–	–	25%	–	6%	–	–	–	6%^[an]	28%
Léger	Aug 4–7, 2020	390 (LV)	± 2.8%	6%	6%	16%	21%	19%	6%	–	–	6%	9%	–	–	8%	3%^[ao]	–

Notes

^ 2,264 of 4,527 delegates needed to win any subsequent ballots at a contested convention. As of November 2022, the number of extra unpledged delegates (superdelegates), who after the first ballot at a contested convention participate in any subsequently needed nominating ballots (together with the 3,770 pledged delegates), is expected to be 757, but the exact number of superdelegates is still subject to change due to possible deaths, resignations, accessions, or potential election as a pledged delegate.
^ Under the 22nd Amendment, incumbent (and former) Presidents since 1951 have been ineligible for reelection after two elected terms (or one elected term and more than half of another term).
^ Some erroneously claim that the 1968 election is the most recent in which the incumbent president did not seek reelection. In fact, then-president Lyndon B. Johnson did briefly run for reelection, although he dropped out after only narrowly winning the first primary in New Hampshire.^[14] A similar situation unfolded in 1952, when Harry S. Truman also contested the New Hampshire primary, losing it to Estes Kefauver and suspending his campaign as a result. In comparison, then-president Calvin Coolidge did not mount any kind of reelection campaign in 1928, thus making the 1928 race the most recent in which the incumbent president chose to retire.
^ ^a ^b Key:
A – all adults
RV – registered voters
LV – likely voters
V – unclear
^ Hillary Clinton with 9%; Joe Manchin, Amy Klobuchar, and "someone else" with 3%; Mike Bloomberg with 2%
^ Jill Biden, Elizabeth Warren, and Gavin Newsom with 3% each
^ Hillary Clinton with 6%; "someone else" with 10%
^ Elizabeth Warren with 10%; Hillary Clinton with 6%
^ "Someone else" with 8%; Gavin Newsom with 4%
^ Elizabeth Warren with 8%
^ Democratic subsample of full sample of 1,574 likely voters
^ "Unlikely or very unlikely to vote for Biden" as opposed to "Absolute will or likely to vote for Biden" with 22%; Would not vote with 6%
^ "Consider voting for Biden" with 8%; Undecided with 7%
^ Hillary Clinton with 16%; "someone else" with 6%; Mike Bloomberg and Joe Manchin with 4%
^ Hillary Clinton with 8%
^ "Someone else" with 44%; Gretchen Whitmer with 4%; J. B. Pritzker with 3%.
^ Hillary Clinton with 7%; Joe Manchin, Matthew McConaughey, and Oprah Winfrey with 2%; Eric Adams, Tim Kaine, Phil Murphy, and Deval Patrick with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Ilhan Omar, and Tom Steyer with 0%
^ "Someone else" with 3%; Gretchen Whitmer with 2%; Phil Murphy, J. B. Pritzker, Kyrsten Sinema, and Raphael Warnock with 1%; Eric Adams, Andy Beshear, Jared Polis, and Gina Raimondo with 0%; Roy Cooper and Mitch Landrieu with no voters
^ Hillary Clinton with 9%; Eric Adams, Tim Kaine, Joe Manchin, and Tom Steyer with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Phil Murphy, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 0%
^ Hillary Clinton with 7%; Joe Manchin and Tom Steyer with 2%; Eric Adams, Tim Kaine, and Deval Patrick with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand and Ilhan Omar with 0%
^ Hillary Clinton with 9%; John Hickenlooper and Joe Manchin with 2%; Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick, and Tom Steyer with 1%; Eric Adams, Kirsten Gillibrand, and Ilhan Omar with 0%
^ Hillary Clinton with 9%; Joe Manchin with 2%; Eric Adams and John Hickenlooper with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, Deval Patrick, and Tom Steyer with 0%
^ Gretchen Whitmer with 2%; Other/Don't know with 14%
^ "Someone else" with 3%; Michael Bloomberg with 2%; Sherrod Brown, Gretchen Whitmer, and Katie Porter with 1%
^ Joe Manchin with 1%; "Someone else", Andy Beshear, Tulsi Gabbard, Kyrsten Sinema and Gretchen Whitmer with 0%
^ Sherrod Brown with 4%
^ "Someone else", Tulsi Gabbard and Joe Manchin with 1%; Andy Beshear, Kyrsten Sinema and Gretchen Whitmer with 0%
^ Joe Manchin with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick and Tom Steyer with 1%; Ilhan Omar with 0%
^ Kirsten Gillibrand, Deval Patrick and Tom Steyer with 1%; John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine and Ilhan Omar with 0%
^ John Hickenlooper with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand and Tim Kaine with 1%; Ilhan Omar with 0%
^ Sherrod Brown with 2%
^ John Hickenlooper with 2%; Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick and Ilhan Omar with 1%
^ Tim Kaine and Deval Patrick with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper and Ilhan Omar with 1%
^ Democratic subsample of full sample of 1,574 likely voters
^ "Someone else" with 26%; Julian Castro with 2%; John Bel Edwards with 1%
^ Kirsten Gillibrand and John Hickenlooper 2%; Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%
^ John Hickenlooper with 2%; Tim Kaine, Kirsten Gillibrand, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%; Gavin Newsom with 0%
^ John Hickenlooper with 3%; Tim Kaine with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Ilhan Omar and Deval Patrick with 1%
^ Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%
^ John Hickenlooper with 3%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Tim Kaine and Deval Patrick with 1%
^ Kirsten Gillibrand with 3%

References

^ Democratic National Committee Rules and Bylaws Committee (April 13, 2022). "Resolution on the Principles and Framework of a Transparent and Fair Review of the Presidential Nominating Calendar" (PDF). democrats.org. p. 4. Retrieved November 18, 2022.
^ Rafford, Claire (January 19, 2022). "Biden commits to Harris as his running mate for 2024". Politico. Archived from the original on January 27, 2022. Retrieved January 19, 2022.
^ "President Biden says he hasn't decided on 2024 reelection run". CBS News. September 18, 2022. Retrieved September 20, 2022.
^ Allen, Jonathan (October 3, 2022). "Biden tells Al Sharpton he will run for president again in 2024". NBC News. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
^ Habeshian, Sareen (October 12, 2022). "Biden says he'll decide on 2024 presidential run after the midterms". Axios.
^ Gittleson, Ben (December 22, 2021). "Biden tells ABC's David Muir 'yes' he'll run again, Trump rematch would 'increase the prospect'". ABC News. Archived from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved January 21, 2022.
^ Gangitano, Alex (November 18, 2021). "Harris says 2024 is 'absolutely not' being discussed yet with Biden". The Hill. Archived from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved November 19, 2021.
^ Ting, Eric (October 29, 2021). "Kamala Harris' team reportedly worried about 'messy' 2024 fight with Pete Buttigieg". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 16, 2021. Retrieved November 19, 2021.
^ Lowry, Rich (November 18, 2021). "A 2024 Harris-Buttigieg Primary Would Be Great for Republicans". Politico. Archived from the original on November 20, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2022.
^ "Rep. Carolyn Maloney says "off the record," Biden is "not running again"". CBS News.
^ Vakil, Caroline (June 23, 2022). "SC Democratic governor candidate says Biden shouldn't run in 2024 due to age". The Hill.
^ Otterbein, Holly (January 1, 2022). "The left is already looking to 2024. Some want to see a Biden primary challenge". Politico. Archived from the original on January 7, 2022. Retrieved January 8, 2022.
^ Dorman, John L. (January 2, 2022). "Former Sanders presidential campaign manager says Biden will have 'a progressive challenger' in 2024". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 4, 2022. Retrieved January 8, 2022.
^ Elving, Ron (March 11, 2018). "The Night in 1968 when a Nation Watched an American Presidency Crumble". NPR.
^ https://ballotpedia.org/Ballot_access_requirements_for_presidential_candidates_in_South_Carolina
^ https://www.politico.com/news/2021/11/14/biden-successor-2024-kamala-harris-522160
^ https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/joe-biden/biden-aides-are-quietly-assembling-2024-campaign-await-final-decision-rcna48005
^ "USA v. Khan Mohammed". U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
^ "John Wolfe sues Arkansas Dems to get delegates he won in 42 percent showing against Obama". NOLA.com. May 26, 2011. Retrieved August 10, 2012.
^ "State anti-abortion candidate won't get presidential delegates". Tulsa World. Retrieved August 10, 2012.
^ Harrison, Heath. "West Virginia Blue:: No W.Va. DNC delegates for Judd". WVA Blue. Retrieved August 10, 2012.
^ https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/05/prison-inmate-wins-more-than-40-of-democratic-vote-over-president-obama-in-wv-primary
^ Fung, Katherine (July 25, 2022). "Joe Biden Gets First Challenger for 2024 Democratic Nomination". Newsweek. Retrieved November 30, 2022.
^ ^a ^b Blake, Aaron (October 15, 2022). "The top 10 Democratic presidential candidates for 2024, ranked". Washington Post.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Scher, Bill (November 14, 2022). "Democrats Escaped a Midterm Thrashing. Here's How to Primary Biden Anyway". Politico. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
^ Trudo, Hanna (September 14, 2022). "Why Buttigieg is sparking 2024 chatter". The Hill. Retrieved October 17, 2022.
^ Chapin, Josh (November 17, 2022). "Duke University professor floats Governor Cooper's name if Biden decides not to run". abc11.com. Retrieved November 20, 2022.
^ Schorr, Isaac (November 11, 2022). "MSNBC's Katy Tur Floats Fetterman as Potential Presidential Candidate". National Review. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
^ ^a ^b "Who Should Run in 2024? We Asked Our Readers". New York Times. November 21, 2022.
^ ^a ^b Blake, Aaron (December 3, 2022). "The top 10 Democratic presidential candidates for 2024, ranked". Washington Post.
^ Booker, Brakkton (October 19, 2022). "Wes Moore has never been elected to anything. Some backers are already eyeing the White House". Politico. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
^ Trudo, Hanna (October 20, 2022). "Democrats flock to New Hampshire in 2024 shadow primary". The Hill. Retrieved November 15, 2022.
^ Trudo, Hanna (October 13, 2022). "Five female progressive rising stars to watch in 2024". Retrieved October 16, 2022.
^ Kashinsky, Lisa (October 14, 2022). "Pressley for president?". Politico. Retrieved October 14, 2022.
^ "The Democrats Should Run ____ in 2024". New York Times. November 24, 2022.
^ Mueller, Julia (September 27, 2022). "Sanders leaves door open to 2024 White House run". The Hill. Retrieved October 17, 2022.
^ Dionne Jr., E.J. (November 12, 2022). "Forget DeSantis, Whitmer and Shapiro are defining the future". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
^ McLaughlin, Seth (November 23, 2022). "Democrats add Whitmer, Shapiro to a growing roster of 'Plan B' candidates for 2024". The Washington Times. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
^ Dicker, Ron (October 12, 2022). "Ex-Bill Clinton Strategist Paul Begala Decries 'Pain-In-The-Ass White Liberals'". The Huffington Post. Retrieved October 17, 2022.
^ Scherer, Michael; Pager, Tyler (November 1, 2022). "Biden quietly but clearly prepares a potential reelection bid". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 2, 2022.
^ Drucker, David M. (August 26, 2022). "Warnock would be propelled into presidential contention with win over Walker". Washington Examiner. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
^ Jenkins, Cameron (November 16, 2021). "Stacey Abrams says she's focused on voting rights legislation when asked about possible White House bid". The Hill. Archived from the original on November 16, 2021. Retrieved November 18, 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c Martin, Jonathan; Burns, Alexander (December 12, 2021). "Democrats Are Solidly Behind Biden. There's No Consensus About a Plan B." The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 14, 2021.
^ Perry Bacon Jr. (January 14, 2022). "Opinion: If Biden doesn't run, Democrats have plenty of strong candidates for 2024". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 14, 2022. Retrieved January 14, 2022.
^ Tobias, Andrew (September 13, 2022). "Ohio's Sen. Sherrod Brown says he's running for reelection in 2024". Cleveland.com. Retrieved September 16, 2022.
^ Concha, Joe (November 14, 2021). "Meet the red-state governor Democrats should nominate in 2024 instead of Biden or Harris". The Hill. Archived from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved November 28, 2021.
^ Boyer, Corinne (November 18, 2021). "Kentucky Gov. Andy Beshear says, "No," he won't consider running for president in 2024". WEKU. Archived from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2021.
^ Schoen, Douglas E.; Stein, Andrew (January 11, 2022). "Hillary Clinton's 2024 Election Comeback". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2022.
^ Fung, Katherine (March 8, 2022). "Hillary Clinton Won't Run in 2024, Rules Out Possible Trump Rematch". Newsweek. Archived from the original on March 13, 2022. Retrieved March 9, 2022.
^ Al-Arshani, Sarah (July 24, 2022). "'I'm a recovering politician': Al Gore shoots down prospect of running for office again". Business Insider. Retrieved October 15, 2022.
^ Oshin, Olafimihan (July 24, 2022). "Al Gore knocks notion of another presidential run: 'I'm a recovering politician'". The Hill. Retrieved October 15, 2022.
^ Gancarski, A.G. (September 13, 2022). "Kamala Harris still ahead in hypothetical 2024 polling". The Miami Times. Retrieved October 13, 2022.
^ Llanesca T. Panti (November 22, 2022). "Kamala to run with Biden if he runs for reelection". GMA News. Retrieved November 22, 2022.
^ Queary, Paul (January 13, 2022). "Jay Inslee's Intriguing Side Trip to Chicago: Still a Presidential Itch?". Post Alley. Archived from the original on January 18, 2022. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
^ Queary, Paul (July 6, 2022). "Gov. Inslee on whether he plans to run for President in 2024". Post Alley. Archived from the original on July 11, 2022. Retrieved July 11, 2022.
^ Kennedy, Brigid (March 17, 2022). "Team Bernie Sanders is reportedly quietly encouraging Ro Khanna to run in 2024 if Biden sits out". Yahoo News. Archived from the original on March 20, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
^ Otterbein, Holly (March 17, 2022). "Sanders camp quietly pushes Khanna presidential bid". Politico. Archived from the original on March 23, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022. 'I'm not running in 2024,' Khanna said.
^ Parnes, Amie (May 30, 2022). "Ranking the five Democrats most likely to win party nod if Biden doesn't run". The Hill. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
^ Everett, Burgess (October 5, 2022). "Senate Dems face brutal 2024 map with at least eight undecided incumbents". Politico. Retrieved October 5, 2022. Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.) said she's made it "very clear" she's running again
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^ Schwartz, Brian (October 12, 2021). "Billionaire Peltz draws GOP megadonors to $5,000-a-plate fundraiser for Democrat Sen. Joe Manchin". CNBC. Over a lunch choice of chicken or fish, Manchin told the crowd of donors that he plans to run for reelection in 2024
^ Cillizza, Chris (June 17, 2022). "Ranking the 2024 Democratic field". CNN. Archived from the original on June 21, 2022. Retrieved June 20, 2022.
^ Rothenberg, Stuart (June 6, 2022). "What's next for Chris Murphy". Roll Call. Archived from the original on June 20, 2022. Retrieved June 20, 2022.
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^ Fenoglio, John; Schlepp, Travis (September 21, 2022). "Report: California Gov. Gavin Newsom plans to run for president if Biden does not seek reelection". KTLA. Retrieved September 22, 2022.
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[unpledged_delegate_number-1] 2,264 of 4,527 delegates needed to win any subsequent ballots at a contested convention. As of November 2022, the number of extra unpledged delegates (superdelegates), who after the first ballot at a contested convention participate in any subsequently needed nominating ballots (together with the 3,770 pledged delegates), is expected to be 757, but the exact number of superdelegates is still subject to change due to possible deaths, resignations, accessions, or potential election as a pledged delegate.

[15] Under the 22nd Amendment, incumbent (and former) Presidents since 1951 have been ineligible for reelection after two elected terms (or one elected term and more than half of another term).

[17] Some erroneously claim that the 1968 election is the most recent in which the incumbent president did not seek reelection. In fact, then-president Lyndon B. Johnson did briefly run for reelection, although he dropped out after only narrowly winning the first primary in New Hampshire.^[14] A similar situation unfolded in 1952, when Harry S. Truman also contested the New Hampshire primary, losing it to Estes Kefauver and suspending his campaign as a result. In comparison, then-president Calvin Coolidge did not mount any kind of reelection campaign in 1928, thus making the 1928 race the most recent in which the incumbent president chose to retire.

[key-83] Key:
A – all adults
RV – registered voters
LV – likely voters
V – unclear

[84] Hillary Clinton with 9%; Joe Manchin, Amy Klobuchar, and "someone else" with 3%; Mike Bloomberg with 2%

[85] Jill Biden, Elizabeth Warren, and Gavin Newsom with 3% each

[86] Hillary Clinton with 6%; "someone else" with 10%

[87] Elizabeth Warren with 10%; Hillary Clinton with 6%

[88] "Someone else" with 8%; Gavin Newsom with 4%

[89] Elizabeth Warren with 8%

[90] Democratic subsample of full sample of 1,574 likely voters

[91] "Unlikely or very unlikely to vote for Biden" as opposed to "Absolute will or likely to vote for Biden" with 22%; Would not vote with 6%

[92] "Consider voting for Biden" with 8%; Undecided with 7%

[93] Hillary Clinton with 16%; "someone else" with 6%; Mike Bloomberg and Joe Manchin with 4%

[94] Hillary Clinton with 8%

[95] "Someone else" with 44%; Gretchen Whitmer with 4%; J. B. Pritzker with 3%.

[96] Hillary Clinton with 7%; Joe Manchin, Matthew McConaughey, and Oprah Winfrey with 2%; Eric Adams, Tim Kaine, Phil Murphy, and Deval Patrick with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Ilhan Omar, and Tom Steyer with 0%

[97] "Someone else" with 3%; Gretchen Whitmer with 2%; Phil Murphy, J. B. Pritzker, Kyrsten Sinema, and Raphael Warnock with 1%; Eric Adams, Andy Beshear, Jared Polis, and Gina Raimondo with 0%; Roy Cooper and Mitch Landrieu with no voters

[98] Hillary Clinton with 9%; Eric Adams, Tim Kaine, Joe Manchin, and Tom Steyer with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Phil Murphy, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 0%

[99] Hillary Clinton with 7%; Joe Manchin and Tom Steyer with 2%; Eric Adams, Tim Kaine, and Deval Patrick with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand and Ilhan Omar with 0%

[100] Hillary Clinton with 9%; John Hickenlooper and Joe Manchin with 2%; Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick, and Tom Steyer with 1%; Eric Adams, Kirsten Gillibrand, and Ilhan Omar with 0%

[101] Hillary Clinton with 9%; Joe Manchin with 2%; Eric Adams and John Hickenlooper with 1%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, Deval Patrick, and Tom Steyer with 0%

[102] Gretchen Whitmer with 2%; Other/Don't know with 14%

[103] "Someone else" with 3%; Michael Bloomberg with 2%; Sherrod Brown, Gretchen Whitmer, and Katie Porter with 1%

[104] Joe Manchin with 1%; "Someone else", Andy Beshear, Tulsi Gabbard, Kyrsten Sinema and Gretchen Whitmer with 0%

[105] Sherrod Brown with 4%

[106] "Someone else", Tulsi Gabbard and Joe Manchin with 1%; Andy Beshear, Kyrsten Sinema and Gretchen Whitmer with 0%

[107] Joe Manchin with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick and Tom Steyer with 1%; Ilhan Omar with 0%

[108] Kirsten Gillibrand, Deval Patrick and Tom Steyer with 1%; John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine and Ilhan Omar with 0%

[109] John Hickenlooper with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand and Tim Kaine with 1%; Ilhan Omar with 0%

[110] Sherrod Brown with 2%

[111] John Hickenlooper with 2%; Tim Kaine, Deval Patrick and Ilhan Omar with 1%

[112] Tim Kaine and Deval Patrick with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper and Ilhan Omar with 1%

[113] Democratic subsample of full sample of 1,574 likely voters

[114] "Someone else" with 26%; Julian Castro with 2%; John Bel Edwards with 1%

[115] Kirsten Gillibrand and John Hickenlooper 2%; Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%

[116] John Hickenlooper with 2%; Tim Kaine, Kirsten Gillibrand, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%; Gavin Newsom with 0%

[117] John Hickenlooper with 3%; Tim Kaine with 2%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Ilhan Omar and Deval Patrick with 1%

[118] Kirsten Gillibrand, John Hickenlooper, Tim Kaine, Ilhan Omar, and Deval Patrick with 1%

[119] John Hickenlooper with 3%; Kirsten Gillibrand, Tim Kaine and Deval Patrick with 1%

[120] Kirsten Gillibrand with 3%

[2] Democratic National Committee Rules and Bylaws Committee (April 13, 2022). "Resolution on the Principles and Framework of a Transparent and Fair Review of the Presidential Nominating Calendar" (PDF). democrats.org. p. 4. Retrieved November 18, 2022.

[BidenRunning-3] Rafford, Claire (January 19, 2022). "Biden commits to Harris as his running mate for 2024". Politico. Archived from the original on January 27, 2022. Retrieved January 19, 2022.

[BidenUncommitted-4] "President Biden says he hasn't decided on 2024 reelection run". CBS News. September 18, 2022. Retrieved September 20, 2022.

[5] Allen, Jonathan (October 3, 2022). "Biden tells Al Sharpton he will run for president again in 2024". NBC News. Retrieved October 5, 2022.

[6] Habeshian, Sareen (October 12, 2022). "Biden says he'll decide on 2024 presidential run after the midterms". Axios.

[7] Gittleson, Ben (December 22, 2021). "Biden tells ABC's David Muir 'yes' he'll run again, Trump rematch would 'increase the prospect'". ABC News. Archived from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved January 21, 2022.

[8] Gangitano, Alex (November 18, 2021). "Harris says 2024 is 'absolutely not' being discussed yet with Biden". The Hill. Archived from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved November 19, 2021.

[9] Ting, Eric (October 29, 2021). "Kamala Harris' team reportedly worried about 'messy' 2024 fight with Pete Buttigieg". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 16, 2021. Retrieved November 19, 2021.

[:2-10] Lowry, Rich (November 18, 2021). "A 2024 Harris-Buttigieg Primary Would Be Great for Republicans". Politico. Archived from the original on November 20, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2022.

[11] "Rep. Carolyn Maloney says "off the record," Biden is "not running again"". CBS News.

[12] Vakil, Caroline (June 23, 2022). "SC Democratic governor candidate says Biden shouldn't run in 2024 due to age". The Hill.

[:3-13] Otterbein, Holly (January 1, 2022). "The left is already looking to 2024. Some want to see a Biden primary challenge". Politico. Archived from the original on January 7, 2022. Retrieved January 8, 2022.

[:4-14] Dorman, John L. (January 2, 2022). "Former Sanders presidential campaign manager says Biden will have 'a progressive challenger' in 2024". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 4, 2022. Retrieved January 8, 2022.

[16] Elving, Ron (March 11, 2018). "The Night in 1968 when a Nation Watched an American Presidency Crumble". NPR.

[18] ttps://ballotpedia.org/Ballot_access_requirements_for_presidential_candidates_in_South_Carolina

[19] ttps://www.politico.com/news/2021/11/14/biden-successor-2024-kamala-harris-522160

[20] ttps://www.nbcnews.com/politics/joe-biden/biden-aides-are-quietly-assembling-2024-campaign-await-final-decision-rcna48005

[21] "USA v. Khan Mohammed". U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit. Retrieved September 4, 2012.

[22] "John Wolfe sues Arkansas Dems to get delegates he won in 42 percent showing against Obama". NOLA.com. May 26, 2011. Retrieved August 10, 2012.

[23] "State anti-abortion candidate won't get presidential delegates". Tulsa World. Retrieved August 10, 2012.

[24] Harrison, Heath. "West Virginia Blue:: No W.Va. DNC delegates for Judd". WVA Blue. Retrieved August 10, 2012.

[25] ttps://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/05/prison-inmate-wins-more-than-40-of-democratic-vote-over-president-obama-in-wv-primary

[26] Fung, Katherine (July 25, 2022). "Joe Biden Gets First Challenger for 2024 Democratic Nomination". Newsweek. Retrieved November 30, 2022.

[top_ten-27] Blake, Aaron (October 15, 2022). "The top 10 Democratic presidential candidates for 2024, ranked". Washington Post.

[here's_how-28] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Scher, Bill (November 14, 2022). "Democrats Escaped a Midterm Thrashing. Here's How to Primary Biden Anyway". Politico. Retrieved November 15, 2022.

[29] Trudo, Hanna (September 14, 2022). "Why Buttigieg is sparking 2024 chatter". The Hill. Retrieved October 17, 2022.

[30] Chapin, Josh (November 17, 2022). "Duke University professor floats Governor Cooper's name if Biden decides not to run". abc11.com. Retrieved November 20, 2022.

[31] Schorr, Isaac (November 11, 2022). "MSNBC's Katy Tur Floats Fetterman as Potential Presidential Candidate". National Review. Retrieved November 29, 2022.

[readers-32] "Who Should Run in 2024? We Asked Our Readers". New York Times. November 21, 2022.

[ranked-33] Blake, Aaron (December 3, 2022). "The top 10 Democratic presidential candidates for 2024, ranked". Washington Post.

[34] Booker, Brakkton (October 19, 2022). "Wes Moore has never been elected to anything. Some backers are already eyeing the White House". Politico. Retrieved November 15, 2022.

[35] Trudo, Hanna (October 20, 2022). "Democrats flock to New Hampshire in 2024 shadow primary". The Hill. Retrieved November 15, 2022.

[five_female-36] Trudo, Hanna (October 13, 2022). "Five female progressive rising stars to watch in 2024". Retrieved October 16, 2022.

[37] Kashinsky, Lisa (October 14, 2022). "Pressley for president?". Politico. Retrieved October 14, 2022.

[_-38] "The Democrats Should Run ____ in 2024". New York Times. November 24, 2022.

[39] Mueller, Julia (September 27, 2022). "Sanders leaves door open to 2024 White House run". The Hill. Retrieved October 17, 2022.

[40] Dionne Jr., E.J. (November 12, 2022). "Forget DeSantis, Whitmer and Shapiro are defining the future". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 29, 2022.

[41] McLaughlin, Seth (November 23, 2022). "Democrats add Whitmer, Shapiro to a growing roster of 'Plan B' candidates for 2024". The Washington Times. Retrieved November 29, 2022.

[42] Dicker, Ron (October 12, 2022). "Ex-Bill Clinton Strategist Paul Begala Decries 'Pain-In-The-Ass White Liberals'". The Huffington Post. Retrieved October 17, 2022.

[43] Scherer, Michael; Pager, Tyler (November 1, 2022). "Biden quietly but clearly prepares a potential reelection bid". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 2, 2022.

[44] Drucker, David M. (August 26, 2022). "Warnock would be propelled into presidential contention with win over Walker". Washington Examiner. Retrieved October 23, 2022.

[45] Jenkins, Cameron (November 16, 2021). "Stacey Abrams says she's focused on voting rights legislation when asked about possible White House bid". The Hill. Archived from the original on November 16, 2021. Retrieved November 18, 2021.

[:0-46] Martin, Jonathan; Burns, Alexander (December 12, 2021). "Democrats Are Solidly Behind Biden. There's No Consensus About a Plan B." The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 14, 2021.

[:5b-47] Perry Bacon Jr. (January 14, 2022). "Opinion: If Biden doesn't run, Democrats have plenty of strong candidates for 2024". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 14, 2022. Retrieved January 14, 2022.

[48] Tobias, Andrew (September 13, 2022). "Ohio's Sen. Sherrod Brown says he's running for reelection in 2024". Cleveland.com. Retrieved September 16, 2022.

[49] Concha, Joe (November 14, 2021). "Meet the red-state governor Democrats should nominate in 2024 instead of Biden or Harris". The Hill. Archived from the original on November 24, 2021. Retrieved November 28, 2021.

[50] Boyer, Corinne (November 18, 2021). "Kentucky Gov. Andy Beshear says, "No," he won't consider running for president in 2024". WEKU. Archived from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2021.

[51] Schoen, Douglas E.; Stein, Andrew (January 11, 2022). "Hillary Clinton's 2024 Election Comeback". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on January 30, 2022. Retrieved January 11, 2022.

[52] Fung, Katherine (March 8, 2022). "Hillary Clinton Won't Run in 2024, Rules Out Possible Trump Rematch". Newsweek. Archived from the original on March 13, 2022. Retrieved March 9, 2022.

[53] Al-Arshani, Sarah (July 24, 2022). "'I'm a recovering politician': Al Gore shoots down prospect of running for office again". Business Insider. Retrieved October 15, 2022.

[54] Oshin, Olafimihan (July 24, 2022). "Al Gore knocks notion of another presidential run: 'I'm a recovering politician'". The Hill. Retrieved October 15, 2022.

[55] Gancarski, A.G. (September 13, 2022). "Kamala Harris still ahead in hypothetical 2024 polling". The Miami Times. Retrieved October 13, 2022.

[56] Llanesca T. Panti (November 22, 2022). "Kamala to run with Biden if he runs for reelection". GMA News. Retrieved November 22, 2022.

[57] Queary, Paul (January 13, 2022). "Jay Inslee's Intriguing Side Trip to Chicago: Still a Presidential Itch?". Post Alley. Archived from the original on January 18, 2022. Retrieved January 18, 2022.

[58] Queary, Paul (July 6, 2022). "Gov. Inslee on whether he plans to run for President in 2024". Post Alley. Archived from the original on July 11, 2022. Retrieved July 11, 2022.

[59] Kennedy, Brigid (March 17, 2022). "Team Bernie Sanders is reportedly quietly encouraging Ro Khanna to run in 2024 if Biden sits out". Yahoo News. Archived from the original on March 20, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.

[60] Otterbein, Holly (March 17, 2022). "Sanders camp quietly pushes Khanna presidential bid". Politico. Archived from the original on March 23, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022. 'I'm not running in 2024,' Khanna said.

[Potential-61] Parnes, Amie (May 30, 2022). "Ranking the five Democrats most likely to win party nod if Biden doesn't run". The Hill. Archived from the original on May 31, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022.

[62] Everett, Burgess (October 5, 2022). "Senate Dems face brutal 2024 map with at least eight undecided incumbents". Politico. Retrieved October 5, 2022. Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.) said she's made it "very clear" she's running again

[63] Grim, Ryan (December 22, 2021). "Joe Manchin for President". The Intercept. Archived from the original on January 29, 2022. Retrieved January 29, 2022.

[64] Schwartz, Brian (October 12, 2021). "Billionaire Peltz draws GOP megadonors to $5,000-a-plate fundraiser for Democrat Sen. Joe Manchin". CNBC. Over a lunch choice of chicken or fish, Manchin told the crowd of donors that he plans to run for reelection in 2024

[CNNDemRank2024-65] Cillizza, Chris (June 17, 2022). "Ranking the 2024 Democratic field". CNN. Archived from the original on June 21, 2022. Retrieved June 20, 2022.

[66] Rothenberg, Stuart (June 6, 2022). "What's next for Chris Murphy". Roll Call. Archived from the original on June 20, 2022. Retrieved June 20, 2022.

[67] Everett, Burgess (October 5, 2022). "Senate Dems face brutal 2024 map with at least eight undecided incumbents". Politico. Retrieved October 5, 2022. Sen. Chris Murphy (D-Conn.), one of several rising younger senators, said he has "no plans other than to run for reelection."

[68] Arco, Matt (January 9, 2022). "Murphy has more progressive goals for his 2nd term in N.J. And he insists he won't run for president". The Star-Ledger. Archived from the original on February 8, 2022. Retrieved April 18, 2022.

[69] Fenoglio, John; Schlepp, Travis (September 21, 2022). "Report: California Gov. Gavin Newsom plans to run for president if Biden does not seek reelection". KTLA. Retrieved September 22, 2022.

[70] Balevic, Katie (September 25, 2022). "Gavin Newsom says he is definitely not running for president in 2024 after his 'vulnerable' 2021 recall". Business Insider. Retrieved September 26, 2022.

[71] Adams, Myra (February 2, 2022). "Michelle Obama: Democrats' 2024 'break glass in case of emergency' candidate". The Hill. Archived from the original on February 3, 2022. Retrieved February 5, 2022.

[72] Axelrod, Tal (August 2, 2019). "Michelle Obama: 'There's zero chance' I run for president". The Hill. Archived from the original on August 2, 2019. Retrieved December 19, 2020.

[73] Kraushaar, Josh (December 31, 2021). "Colorado's governor provides winning model for the Democratic Party's future". National Journal. Archived from the original on January 1, 2022. Retrieved December 31, 2021.

[74] Udasin, Sharon (May 30, 2022). "Colorado's Jared Polis is one Democrat not sweating November". The Hill. Archived from the original on May 30, 2022. Retrieved May 30, 2022. Countering media speculation about his political future, Polis said he has no intentions of running for president and doubts that he would "ever think about" doing so.

[75] "President Pritzker? Gov. Pritzker Responds to a Report Weighing Potential 2024 Presidential Candidates". WMAQ-TV. December 14, 2021. Archived from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved December 19, 2021. 'I have no intention of running for anything but election for governor,' Pritzker said

[76] Juleanna Glover (July 8, 2022). "If Tucker Runs in 2024, Here's Who the Democrats Need". Politico. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 9, 2022.

[77] Valerie Complex (July 9, 2022). "Jon Stewart Makes It Clear He Will Not Run For President In 2024". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 9, 2022.

[78] Linskey, Annie (May 1, 2021). "Elizabeth Warren, in new book, muses on why she didn't win". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on May 1, 2021. Retrieved May 7, 2021.

[79] Platoff, Emma; Bidgood, Jess (May 9, 2021). "'I'm not running for president': Elizabeth Warren sees her role in the Senate, and in nudging Joe Biden to the left". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on May 9, 2021. Retrieved May 24, 2021.

[80] Strauss, Daniel (October 7, 2022). "Is Gretchen Whitmer the Democrats' Next Presidential Nominee?". The New Republic. Retrieved October 10, 2022.

[81] "Whitmer says she won't run for president in 2024 if Biden chooses not to run". WXYZ 7 Action News Detroit. October 17, 2022.

[82] Rafford, Claire. "Biden commits to Harris as his running mate for 2024". POLITICO. Retrieved August 20, 2022.

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@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 Incumbent president [[Joe Biden]] declared his intent in January 2022 to run for re-election, keeping vice president [[Kamala Harris]] as his running mate.<ref name=BidenRunning>{{cite news |last1=Rafford |first1=Claire |title=Biden commits to Harris as his running mate for 2024 |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2022/01/19/biden-commits-to-harris-as-his-running-mate-2024-527418 |access-date=January 19, 2022 |work=[[Politico]] |date=January 19, 2022 |archive-date=January 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127211518/https://www.politico.com/news/2022/01/19/biden-commits-to-harris-as-his-running-mate-2024-527418 |url-status=live }}</ref> On September 15, he told [[Scott Pelley]] in a [[CBS]] ''[[60 Minutes]]'' interview that he has not yet committed to run.<ref name=BidenUncommitted>{{Cite news |date=September 18, 2022 |title=President Biden says he hasn't decided on 2024 reelection run |work=CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/president-joe-biden-2024-election-60-minutes-2022-09-18/ |access-date=September 20, 2022}}</ref> In a private conversation with civil-rights activist [[Al Sharpton]] on October 3, he reportedly told that he is seeking re-election.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/biden-tells-al-sharpton-will-run-president-2024-rcna50556|title=Biden tells Al Sharpton he will run for president again in 2024|date=October 3, 2022|access-date=October 5, 2022|work=NBC News|author=Allen, Jonathan}}</ref> On October 11, he told [[Jake Tapper]] in an interview on [[CNN]] that he would decide whether or not to run after the [[2022 United States elections|2022 midterm elections]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.axios.com/2022/10/12/biden-2024-presidential-decision-after-midterms|title=Biden says he'll decide on 2024 presidential run after the midterms|first=Sareen|last=Habeshian|date=October 12, 2022|website=Axios}}</ref> He is [[List of presidents of the United States by age|the oldest person to assume the office]] at age 78,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biden tells ABC's David Muir 'yes' he'll run again, Trump rematch would 'increase the prospect'|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/biden-tells-abcs-david-muir-hell-run-trump/story?id=81901418|access-date=January 21, 2022|website=ABC News|language=en|author=Gittleson, Ben|date=December 22, 2021|archive-date=January 30, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130091322/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/biden-tells-abcs-david-muir-hell-run-trump/story?id=81901418|url-status=live}}</ref> and he would be 82 at the end of his first term. If re-elected, he would be 86 at the end of his second term. During late 2021, as Biden was suffering from low approval ratings in the polls, there was speculation that he would not seek re-election.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/582105-harris-says-2024-is-absolutely-not-being-discussed-yet-with-biden|title=Harris says 2024 is 'absolutely not' being discussed yet with Biden|website=The Hill|last1=Gangitano|first1=Alex|date=November 18, 2021|access-date=November 19, 2021|archive-date=November 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119144835/https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/582105-harris-says-2024-is-absolutely-not-being-discussed-yet-with-biden|url-status=live}}</ref> If this occurs, [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]] Harris and Secretary of Transportation [[Pete Buttigieg]] would be considered likely candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination, both having run for president in 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sfgate.com/national-politics/article/Kamala-Harris-2024-Pete-Buttigieg-primary-Democrat-16574572.php|title=Kamala Harris' team reportedly worried about 'messy' 2024 fight with Pete Buttigieg|website=San Francisco Chronicle|last1=Ting|first1=Eric|date=October 29, 2021|access-date=November 19, 2021|archive-date=November 16, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116211944/https://www.sfgate.com/national-politics/article/Kamala-Harris-2024-Pete-Buttigieg-primary-Democrat-16574572.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web|last1=Lowry|first1=Rich|author-link=Rich Lowry|date=November 18, 2021|title=A 2024 Harris-Buttigieg Primary Would Be Great for Republicans|url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2021/11/18/harris-buttigieg-2024-primary-republicans-522856|url-status=live|website=Politico|access-date=January 8, 2022|archive-date=November 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211120144014/https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2021/11/18/harris-buttigieg-2024-primary-republicans-522856}}</ref> Some prominent Democrats have publicly urged Biden not to run, including U.S. Representatives [[Dean Phillips]] and [[Carolyn Maloney]] and former U.S. Representative and [[2022 South Carolina gubernatorial election|2022 South Carolina gubernatorial nominee]] [[Joe Cunningham (South Carolina politician)|Joe Cunningham]], though Maloney later apologized and said that Biden should run again.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/carolyn-maloney-biden-not-running-off-the-record-nyt/ | title=Rep. Carolyn Maloney says "off the record," Biden is "not running again" | website=[[CBS News]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/3534157-sc-democratic-governor-candidate-says-biden-shouldnt-run-in-2024-due-to-age/ | title=SC Democratic governor candidate says Biden shouldn't run in 2024 due to age | date=June 23, 2022|author=Vakil, Caroline|work=The Hill}}</ref> There is speculation that Biden will face a primary challenge from a member of the [[Factions in the Democratic Party (United States)#Modern Progressive wing|Democratic Party's progressive faction]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Otterbein|first=Holly|title=The left is already looking to 2024. Some want to see a Biden primary challenge.|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2022/01/01/progressives-2024-primary-challenge-526299|date=January 1, 2022|access-date=January 8, 2022|website=Politico|language=en|archive-date=January 7, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107154419/https://www.politico.com/news/2022/01/01/progressives-2024-primary-challenge-526299|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|last=Dorman|first=John L.|title=Former Sanders presidential campaign manager says Biden will have 'a progressive challenger' in 2024|date=January 2, 2022|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/biden-progressive-challenger-2024-jeff-weaver-sanders-democratic-party-2022-1|access-date=January 8, 2022|website=Business Insider|language=en-US|archive-date=January 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220104014213/https://www.businessinsider.com/biden-progressive-challenger-2024-jeff-weaver-sanders-democratic-party-2022-1|url-status=live}}</ref> If Biden is not the nominee in 2024, it will be the first election since [[1968 United States presidential election|1968]] in which an eligible{{efn|Under the [[Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution|22nd Amendment]], incumbent (and former) Presidents since 1951 have been ineligible for reelection after two elected terms (or one elected term and more than half of another term).}} incumbent president was not the eventual nominee of their party after [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], and if he chooses not to seek reelection, it will be the first election since [[1928 United States presidential election|1928]] in which an eligible incumbent president [[I do not choose to run|did not seek reelection]] after [[Calvin Coolidge]].{{efn|Some erroneously claim that the 1968 election is the most recent in which the incumbent president did not seek reelection. In fact, then-president [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] did briefly [[1968 Democratic Party presidential primaries|run for reelection]], although he dropped out after only narrowly winning the first primary in [[New Hampshire]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.npr.org/2018/03/11/592301682/the-night-in-1968-when-a-nation-watched-an-american-presidency-crumble | title=The Night in 1968 when a Nation Watched an American Presidency Crumble | website=NPR | date=March 11, 2018 | last1=Elving | first1=Ron }}</ref> A similar situation unfolded in 1952, when [[Harry S. Truman]] also contested the New Hampshire primary, losing it to [[Estes Kefauver]] and suspending his campaign as a result. In comparison, then-president [[Calvin Coolidge]] did not mount any kind of reelection campaign in 1928, thus making the 1928 race the most recent in which the incumbent president chose to retire.}}
-==Candidates==
+===The incumbent===
-=== Declared candidates ===
+The rules for when a Democrat holds the presidency are different than when one does not. The race is, indeed, to some extent, fixed. There will be no officially sanctioned debates, South Carolina charges prohibitive filing fees of up to $60 thousand<ref>https://ballotpedia.org/Ballot_access_requirements_for_presidential_candidates_in_South_Carolina</ref>, and most states, as in 1996 and 2012, will just put the President's name on the ballot and no one else's. There may be litigation, but in previous cycles, (see below) the courts have affirmed the party's decisions.
-The candidates in this section are otherwise noteworthy, but they have not received substantial media coverage, held significant elected office, and/or been included in at least five national polls.
-* [[Jerome Segal]], [[University of Maryland, College Park]] research scholar, Bread and Roses Party nominee for president in 2020, Democratic candidate for [[Governor of Maryland]] in [[2022 Maryland gubernatorial election|2022]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fung |first1=Katherine |title=Joe Biden Gets First Challenger for 2024 Democratic Nomination |url=https://www.newsweek.com/jerome-segal-announces-2024-presidential-run-democratic-nomination-1727751 |access-date=30 November 2022 |agency=Newsweek|date=July 25, 2022}}</ref>
+As early as  2021, President Biden has publicly stated his intention to run for reelection<ref>https://www.politico.com/news/2021/11/14/biden-successor-2024-kamala-harris-522160</ref>, and in fall of 2022, an [[exploratory committee]]<ref>https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/joe-biden/biden-aides-are-quietly-assembling-2024-campaign-await-final-decision-rcna48005</ref>, and [https://joebiden.com|an official website] shortly after.
-===Publicly expressed interest===
-{{As of|2022|12}}, the following notable individuals have expressed an interest in running for president within the previous six months.
 <!--
 *** Candidates in this section only need one source, but expressions of interest via social media DO NOT COUNT
@@ Line 31: / Line 30: @@
 *** Neutral responses to questions from reporters, i.e. not ruling out a run, DO NOT COUNT
 -->
-* [[Joe Biden]], 46th [[President of the United States]] (2021–present), 47th [[Vice President of the United States]] (2009–2017), [[United States Senator]] from [[Delaware]] (1973–2009), [[New Castle County, Delaware|New Castle County]] Councillor for District 4 (1971–1973), candidate for president in [[Joe Biden 1988 presidential campaign|1988]] and [[Joe Biden 2008 presidential campaign|2008]]<ref>{{cite web|title=President Biden reveals his intentions for the 2024 race|author=Scribner, Herb|date=October 22, 2022|access-date=October 22, 2022|work=Axios|url=https://www.axios.com/2022/10/22/president-biden-2024-presidential-election-plans}}</ref>
+<section begin="declared" />
-{{Gallery
+ {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
-| title        =
+ |-
-| align        = center
+ ! Name
-| footer       =
+ ! Born
-| style        =
+ ! class="unsortable" | Experience
-| state        =
+ ! Home state
-| mode         = packed
+ ! Campaign <br /> {{small|Announcement date}}
-| height       = 160
+ ! Ref
-| width        =
+ |-
-| captionstyle =
-|File:Joe Biden presidential portrait (cropped).jpg|{{center|[[President of the United States|President]]<br />'''[[Joe Biden]]'''<br />from [[Delaware]]}}
+ |{{hs|Biden}}[[File:Joe Biden presidential portrait (cropped).jpg|border|x160px]]<br />'''[[Joe Biden]]'''
+ |{{dts|1943|6|14}}<br />(age {{age nts|1942|11|20}})<br />[[Pennyslvania]]
-}}
+ |'''[[President of the United States]]<br>(2021-)'''
+ |[[File:Flag_of_Delaware.svg|border|center|90x90px]]{{hs|FL}}<br />[[Delaware]]
+|{{Hs|2022-11-15}}[[File:Biden Harris logo.svg|frameless|150x150px]]<br />[[Draft:Joe Biden 2024 Presidential campaign]]
+|
+ |}
+ <section end="declared" />
+===Challengers===
+in recent election cycles, it has been considered a fun thing to do for people to file as a presidential candidate. Literally, thousands have done so and gone no further. A few have paid the $1000 fee to get on the ballot in New Hampshire, and still fewer have gone through the onerous process of getting their names on the ballot in other states.
+Even if these candidates achieve ballot status, they could still be stripped of their delegates, as [[Lyndon LaRouche]] was in 1996<ref>{{cite web|title=USA v. Khan Mohammed|url=http://pacer.cadc.uscourts.gov/common/opinions/199808/96-7191|publisher=U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit|access-date=September 4, 2012}}</ref> and [[John Wolf, Jr]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nola.com/news/politics/article_ebdb2634-64d7-54ea-ac14-e52c5d2d2959.html |title=John Wolfe sues Arkansas Dems to get delegates he won in 42 percent showing against Obama |publisher=NOLA.com|date=May 26, 2011|access-date=2012-08-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article.aspx?subjectid=336&articleid=20120316_336_0_Antiab760486|title=State anti-abortion candidate won't get presidential delegates|publisher=Tulsa World|access-date=2012-08-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Harrison|first1=Heath|url=http://www.wvablue.com/diary/7447/no-wva-dnc-delegates-for-judd|title=West Virginia Blue:: No W.Va. DNC delegates for Judd |publisher=WVA Blue|access-date=2012-08-10}}</ref> and [[Keith Russel Judd]] in 2012, <ref>https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2012/05/prison-inmate-wins-more-than-40-of-democratic-vote-over-president-obama-in-wv-primary</ref> even though both of them received over 40% of the vote in at least one primary.
+'''The following notable people have formally announced their candidacies:'''
+These candidates in this section are otherwise noteworthy, but they have not received substantial media coverage, held significant elected office, and/or been included in at least five national polls.
+* [[Jerome Segal]], [[University of Maryland, College Park]] research scholar, Bread and Roses Party nominee for president in 2020, Democratic candidate for [[Governor of Maryland]] in [[2022 Maryland gubernatorial election|2022]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fung |first1=Katherine |title=Joe Biden Gets First Challenger for 2024 Democratic Nomination |url=https://www.newsweek.com/jerome-segal-announces-2024-presidential-run-democratic-nomination-1727751 |access-date=30 November 2022 |agency=Newsweek|date=July 25, 2022}}</ref>
+==The alternative, without an incumbent==
+President Biden has stated that there is a chance he may still change his mind about running for reelection. In such a case, dozens of potential candidates will begin discussions with donors and other supporters on whether the race is worth the effort. In 2020 as many as 20 people had qualified to take part in authorized debates, which in earlier cycles were held starting in the late spring.
+The so-called [[Great Mentioner]], a mythical pundit who embodies the hopes and dreams of activists throughout the country, has mentioned several dozen possible contenders should the President withdraw. As of {{As of|2022|12}},among these are:
-===Potential candidates===
-{{As of|2022|12}}, the following notable individuals have been subjects of speculation about their potential candidacy within the previous six months. Most of these candidates are viewed as potential replacements if President Biden does not seek re-election, while some are viewed as potential primary challenges if he does.<!--Please DO NOT promote the idea that Jimmy Carter is eligible to run for re-election; it's very unlikely that he will do so.-->
+<--Please DO NOT promote the idea that Jimmy Carter is eligible to run for re-election; it's very unlikely that he will do so.-->
 <!-- Candidates must have been the subject of significant coverage in two reliable sources within the past six months. A passing mention in a list of other candidates is not significant coverage. -->

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