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Khammam district

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This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Khammam.

Template:Infobox India district

Khammam District is a district in the eastern region of the Indian state of Telangana. The city of Khammam is the district headquarters.

Etymology

The present name of Khammam is derived its name after a local hill, which was called as 'Stambhadri'. The city was called with different names starting with Stambhadri, Kambhadri, Kambham mettu, Khammam mettu and then finally as Khammam.

Dummugudem Barrage on River Godavari in Khammam District

History

Khammam Fort Entrance view from below

Paleolithic man probably roamed around the areas of lower Godavari valley[1] and the surroundings of Bhadrachalam, Kothagudem, Wyra, Sathupally and Paloncha Taluks in the district. Prehistoric rock paintings were found near Neeladri konda[2] near Lankapalli of Sathupally Taluk.

Megalithic Dolmens were found at Janampet[3] of Pinapaka Taluk. Megalithic site on the campus of Government Degree college in Khammam has yielded pottery and skeletal remains.[4] Kistapuram[5] and Padugonigudem[6] villages in Gundala Taluk of the district were rich in Megalithic cultural remnants explored and discovered recently.

The southern parts of Khammam district flourished as famous Buddhist centers along with Amaravathi and Vijayapuri along the rivulets Munneru, Wyra and Murredu. Important Buddhist sites in the district are Nelakondapalli, Mudigonda, Aswaraopeta and Karukonda[7] near Kothagudem.

Post Independence

Khammam town which was the seat of Taluk Administration was a part of the larger Warangal district, till 1 October 1953. Six taluks of the Warangal district viz., Khammam, Madhira, Yellandu, Paloncha, Kothagudem and Burgampadu were carved out as a new district with Khammam as headquarters. On 1 November 1956, Hyderabad state was dissolved, and Khammam district became part of Andhra Pradesh.

In 1959, Bhadrachalam revenue division consisting of Bhadrachalam and Nuguru Venkatapuram Taluks of East Godavari district, which were on the other side of the river Godavari were merged into Khammam on grounds of geographical contiguity and administrative viability. Aswaraopeta was also part of West Godavari District up to 1959. In 1973 a new taluk with Sathupalli as headquarters was carved out from Madhira and Kothagudem taluks. In the year 1976 three new taluks were formed viz., Tirumalayapalem, Aswaraopeta and Manuguru by bifurcating Khammam, Kothagudem and Burgampadu taluks respectively.
In the year 1985, following the introduction of the mandal system, the district has been divided into 46 mandals, under four Revenue Divisions - Khammam, Kothagudem, Paloncha and Bhadrachalam.

On 2 June 2014, Khammam together with nine other districts became the new state of Telangana, which was separated from Andhra Pradesh. On 11 July 2014, the Lok Sabha approved a bill transferring seven mandals of Khammam district (Kukunoor, Velairpadu, Bhurgampadu, Chintoor, Kunavaram, Vararamachandrapuram and Bhadrachalam) back to Andhra Pradesh, in order to facilitate the Polavaram Irrigation project.[8][9]

Geography

Khammam district occupies an area of 4,453.00 square kilometres (1,719.31 sq mi).[10]

Demographics

As of 2011 Census of India, the district has a population of 1,401,639.[10]

Administrative divisions

The district has two revenue divisions of Kallur and Khammam. These are sub-divided into 21 mandals.[10] Lokesh Kumar is the present collector of the district.[11]

Mandals

The mandals of Chinturu, Kunavaram, Nellipaka and Vararamachandrapuram were added to East Godavari district based on Polavaram ordinace.[12]

The list of 21 mandals in Khammam district under 2 revenue divisions are listed in the following table:

# Khammam Division Kalluru Division
1 Bonakal Kalluru
2 Chinthakani Thallada
3 Raghunathapalem Enkuru
4 Khammam (rural) Penuballi
5 Khammam Sathupally
6 Konijerla Vemsoor
7 Kusumanchi
8 Madhira
9 Mudigonda
10 Nelakondapalli
11 Kamepalli
12 Singareni
13 Thirumalayapalem
14 Wyra
15 Yerrupalem

Economy

Coal Handling Ropeway near Pamulapalli village (supply of coal from Manugur open cast mine to Aswapuram Heavy Water Plant)

In 2006 the Indian government named Khammam one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[13] It is one of the districts in Telangana currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[13]

Notable personalities

References

  1. ^ Paleolithic History of Godavari valley.
  2. ^ "Comprehensive History and Culture of Andhra Pradesh: Pre- and protohistoric ..."
  3. ^ "Archeological Survey of India".
  4. ^ Sridhar, P (2012-06-04). "Excavation throws light on burial practices of megalithic age". The Hindu. Chennai, India.
  5. ^ Sridhar, P. (2012-02-22). "Three megalithic sites discovered". The Hindu. Chennai, India.
  6. ^ "3,000-year-old megalithic site discovered in Khammam". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 2011-04-22.
  7. ^ http://www.aparchaeologymuseum.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/Khammam-dt.pdf
  8. ^ "The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, 2014" Accessed 13 July 2014 [1]
  9. ^ "Protests against Centre, Andhra Pradesh in Khammam over Polavaram Bill". Deccan Chronicle, 12 July 2014. Accessed 13 July 2014. [2]
  10. ^ a b c "New districts". Andhra Jyothy.com. 8 October 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2016.
  11. ^ "K Chandrasekhar Rao appoints collectors for new districts". Deccan Chronicle. 11 October 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  12. ^ "Ordinance on Polavaram project promulgated". The Hans India. Hyderabad. 29 May 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
  13. ^ a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
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