UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
UNESCO established its lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage with the aim of ensuring the better protection of important intangible cultural heritages worldwide and the awareness of their significance.[1] Through a compendium of the different oral and intangible treasures of humankind worldwide, the program aims to draw attention to the importance of safeguarding intangible heritage, which UNESCO has identified as an essential component and as a repository of cultural diversity and of creative expression.[2][3]
The list was established in 2008 when the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage took effect.
As of 2010[update] the programme compiles two lists. The longer Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity comprises cultural "practices and expressions [that] help demonstrate the diversity of this heritage and raise awareness about its importance." The shorter List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding is composed of those cultural elements that concerned communities and countries consider require urgent measures to keep them alive.[4][5]
In 2013 four elements were inscribed on the List Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding, which helps States Parties mobilize international cooperation and assistance to ensure the transmission of this heritage with the participation of the concerned communities. The Urgent Safeguarding List now numbers 35 elements. The Committee[which?] also inscribed 25 elements on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, which serves to raise awareness of intangible heritage and provide recognition to communities’ traditions and know-how that reflect their cultural diversity. The List does not attribute or recognize any standard of excellence or exclusivity. Four of the 158 States Parties to the Convention—Ethiopia, the Republic of Macedonia, Niger and Ukraine — had their first inscriptions on that List, which as of 2010[update] totalled 281 elements.[4]
Contents
Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity[edit]
| Member state | Element[A] | Year Proclaimed[B] | Year Inscribed[C] | Region[D] | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albanian Folk Iso-Polyphony | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [6] | |
| The Ahellil of Gourara | 2005 | 2008 | AST | [7] | |
| The Tango | 2009 | 2009 | LAC | [8] | |
| The Duduk and its Music | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [9] | |
| Armenian cross-stones art. Symbolism and craftsmanship of Khachkars | 2005 | 2010 | ENA | [10] | |
| Performance of the Armenian epic of "Daredevils of Sassoun" or "David of Sassoun" | 2012 | 2012 | ENA | [11] | |
| Lavash, the preparation, meaning and appearance of traditional bread as an expression of culture in Armenia | 2014 | 2014 | ENA | [12] | |
| Viennese Coffee House Culture | 2011 | 2011 | ENA | [13] | |
| The Azerbaijani Mugham | 2003 | 2008 | ENA | [14] | |
| The Azerbaijani Carpet and its weaving traditions | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | [15] | |
| Novruz in Azerbaijan | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [16] | |
| The art of Azerbaijani Ashiq | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [17] | |
| Craftsmanship and performance art of the Tar | 2012 | 2012 | ENA | [18] | |
| Chovqan, a traditional Karabakh horse-riding game | 2013 | 2013 | ENA | [19] | |
| Kalaghai, a traditional Azerbaijani women's headgear | 2014 | 2014 | ENA | [20] | |
| Baul Songs | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [21] | |
| The traditional art of Jamdani weaving | 2013 | 2013 | APA | [22] | |
| Zmijanje embroidery | 2014 | 2014 | ENA | [23] | |
| Rite of the Kalyady Tsars (Christmas Tsars) | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [24] | |
| Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Spain, Morocco, Mongolia, Qatar, Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia, Slovak Republic, Syrian Arab Republic, United Arab Emirates | Falconry, a living human heritage | 2010 | 2010 | ENA, APA, AFR | [25] |
| Shrimp fishing on horseback in Oostduinkerke | 2013 | 2013 | ENA | [26] | |
| Marches of Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse | 2012 | 2012 | ENA | [27] | |
| Leuven age set ritual repertoire | 2011 | 2011 | ENA | [28] | |
| Aalst carnival | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | [29] | |
| Houtem Jaarmarkt, annual winter fair and livestock market at Sint-Lievens-Houtem | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | [30] | |
| Krakelingen and Tonnekensbrand, end-of-winter bread and fire feast at Geraardsbergen | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | [31] | |
| Procession of the Holy Blood in Bruges | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [32] | |
| Carnival of Binche | 2003 | 2008 | ENA | [33] | |
| Processional giants and dragons in Belgium and France | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [34] | |
| Language, Dance and Music of the Garifuna | 2001 | 2008 | LAC | [35] | |
| The Oral Heritage of Gelede | 2001 | 2008 | AFR | [36] | |
| The Mask Dance of the Drums from Drametse | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [37] | |
| The Carnival of Oruro | 2001 | 2008 | LAC | [38] | |
| The Andean Cosmovision of the Kallawaya | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [39] | |
| Oral and Graphic Expressions of the Wajãpi | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [40] | |
| The Samba de Roda of Recôncavo of Bahia | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [41] | |
| Frevo, performing arts of the Carnival of Recife | 2012 | 2012 | LAC | [42] | |
| Yaokwa, the Enawene Nawe people's ritual for the maintenance of social and cosmic order | 2012 | 2012 | LAC | [43] | |
| Círio de Nazaré (The Taper of Our Lady of Nazareth) in the city of Belém, Pará | 2013 | 2013 | LAC | [44] | |
| Capoeira circle | 2014 | 2014 | LAC | [45] | |
| The Bistritsa Babi – Archaic Polyphony, Dances and Rituals from the Shoplouk Region | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [46] | |
| The Nestinarstvo – a Panagyr ritual – fire-dancing rite, on the feast days of Saints Constantine and Helena | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | ||
| The tradition of carpet-making in Chiprovski | 2014 | 2014 | ENA | [47] | |
| The Royal Ballet of Cambodia | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [48] | |
| Sbek Thom, Khmer Shadow Theatre | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [49] | |
| The Polyphonic Singing of the Aka Pygmies of Central Africa | 2003 | 2008 | AFR | [50] | |
| Kunqu opera | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [51] | |
| The Guqin and its music | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [52] | |
| The Uyghur Muqam of Xinjiang | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [53] | |
| China engraved block printing technique | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Chinese calligraphy | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Chinese paper-cut | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Chinese traditional architectural craftsmanship for timber-framed structures | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Farmers' dance of China's Korean ethnic group | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Gesar epic tradition | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Grand song of the Dong ethnic group | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Hua'er | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Manas | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Nanyin | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Regong arts | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Sericulture and silk craftsmanship of China | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| The Dragon Boat Festival | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| The Mazu belief and customs | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| The art of Chinese seal engraving | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| The craftsmanship of Nanjing Yunjin brocade | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| The traditional firing technology of Longquan celadon | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| The traditional handicrafts of making Xuan paper | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Tibetan opera | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Xi'an wind and percussion ensemble | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Yueju opera | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Peking opera | 2010 | 2010 | APA | ||
| Acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine | 2010 | 2010 | APA | ||
| Meshrep | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [54] | |
| The technique of leak-proof partitions of Chinese junks | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [54] | |
| Chinese printing with wooden movable type | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [54] | |
| Chinese shadow puppetry | 2011 | 2011 | APA | ||
| Chinese Zhusuan, knowledge and practices of mathematical calculation through the abacus | 2013 | 2013 | APA | [55] | |
| Mongolian Urtiin Duu – Traditional Folk Long Song | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [56] | |
| Mongolian art of singing: Khoomei | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| The Carnival of Barranquilla | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [57] | |
| The Cultural Space of Palenque de San Basilio | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [58] | |
| Carnaval de Negros y Blancos | 2009 | 2009 | LAC | ||
| Holy Week processions in Popayán | 2009 | 2009 | LAC | ||
| The Wayuu normative system, applied by the Pütchipü'üi | 2010 | 2010 | LAC | ||
| Marimba music and traditional chants from Colombia's South Pacific region | 2010 | 2010 | LAC | ||
| Oxherding and Oxcart Traditions in Costa Rica | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [59] | |
| The Gbofe of Afounkaha – the Music of the Transverse Trumps of the Tagbana Community | 2001 | 2008 | AFR | [60] | |
| Zvončari, annual carnival bell ringers' pageant from the Kastav area | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [61] | |
| Gingerbread craft from northern Croatia (Licitar) | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | [62] | |
| Ojkanje singing | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | [63] | |
| Lacemaking in Croatia | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [64] | |
| Procession Za Križen on the island of Hvar | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [65] | |
| The Sinjska alka, a knights' tournament in Sinj | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | [66] | |
| Spring procession of Ljelje/Kraljice (queens) from Gorjani | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [67] | |
| The festivity of Saint Blaise, the patron of Dubrovnik | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [68] | |
| Traditional manufacturing of children's wooden toys in Hrvatsko Zagorje | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [69] | |
| Two-part singing and playing in the Istrian scale | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [70] | |
| Bećarac singing and playing from Eastern Croatia | 2009 | 2011 | ENA | [71] | |
| Nijemo Kolo, silent circle dance of the Dalmatian hinterland | 2009 | 2011 | ENA | [72] | |
| Klapa multipart singing of Dalmatia, southern Croatia | 2012 | 2012 | ENA | [73] | |
| La Tumba Francesa | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [74] | |
| Lefkara laces or Lefkaritika | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | ||
| Slovácko Verbuňk, Dance of Recruits | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [75] | |
| Korean folk song "Arirang" | 2014 | APA | [76] | ||
| The Cultural Space of the Brotherhood of the Holy Spirit of the Congos of Villa Mella | 2001 | 2008 | LAC | [77] | |
| The Cocolo Dance Drama Tradition | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [78] | |
| The Panama Hat (toquilla straw hat) | 2012 | 2012 | LAC | [79] | |
| The Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah Epic | 2003 | 2008 | AST | [80] | |
| The Kihnu Cultural Space | 2003 | 2008 | ENA | [81] | |
| Seto Leelo, Seto polyphonic singing tradition | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [82] | |
| Smoke sauna tradition in Võromaa | 2014 | 2014 | ENA | [83] | |
| The Baltic (Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian) Song and Dance Celebrations | 2003 | 2008 | ENA | [84] | |
| Aubusson tapestry | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | ||
| Fest-Noz, festive gathering based on the collective practice of traditional dances of Brittany | 2012 | 2012 | ENA | [85] | |
| Maloya | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [86] | |
| The scribing tradition in French timber framing | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | ||
| Georgian Polyphonic Singing | 2001 | 2008 | ENA | [87] | |
| Georgian winemaking in Kvevri | 2013 | 2013 | ENA | [88] | |
| Know-how of cultivating mastic on the island of Chios | 2014 | 2014 | ENA | [89] | |
| The Mediterranean diet
(In 2010, Italy, Spain, Greece and Morocco were the first to be recognised, but on December 4, 2013, Portugal, Cyprus and Croatia were also recognised by UNESCO.) |
2010/2013 | 2010/2013 | ENA, AFR | [90] | |
| The Rabinal Achí Dance Drama Tradition | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [91] | |
| The Cultural Space of Sosso-Bala | 2001 | 2008 | AFR | [92] | |
| Busó festivities at Mohács: masked end-of-winter carnival custom | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | ||
| Táncház method: a model of teaching folk dance and music | 2011 | 2011 | ENA | [93] | |
| Kutiyattam, Sanskrit Theatre | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [94] | |
| The Tradition of Vedic Chanting | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [95] | |
| Ramlila – the Traditional Performance of the Ramayana | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [96] | |
| Ramman: religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal Himalayas | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [97] | |
| Mudiyett: a ritual theatre of Kerala | 2010 | APA | [98] | ||
| Kalbelia: folk songs and dances of Rajasthan | 2010 | APA | [99] | ||
| Chhau dance: a tradition from eastern India | 2010 | APA | |||
| Buddhist chanting of Ladakh: recitation of sacred Buddhist texts in the trans-Himalayan Ladakh region, Jammu and Kashmir, India | 2012 | APA | [100] | ||
| Sankirtana, ritual singing, drumming and dancing of Manipur | 2013 | APA | [101] | ||
| Traditional brass and copper craft of utensil making among the Thatheras of Jandiala Guru, Punjab | 2014 | APA | [102] | ||
| Wayang Puppet Theatre | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [103] | |
| Indonesian Kris | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [104] | |
| Indonesian Batik | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [105] | |
| Indonesian Angklung | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [106] | |
| Saman dance | 2011 | APA | [107] | ||
| Noken | 2012 | APA | [108] | ||
| Radif of Iranian music | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [109] | |
| Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [16] | |
| Traditional skills of carpet weaving in Kashan | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [110] | |
| Traditional skills of carpet weaving in Fars | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [111] | |
| Ritual dramatic art of Ta‘zīye | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [112] | |
| Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [113] | |
| Music of the Bakhshis of Khorasan | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [114] | |
| Naqqāli, Iranian dramatic story-telling | 2011 | 2011 | APA | [115] | |
| Traditional skills of building and sailing Iranian Lenj boats in the Persian Gulf | 2011 | 2011 | APA | [116] | |
| Qālišuyān rituals of Mašhad-e Ardehāl in Kāšān | 2012 | 2012 | APA | [117] | |
| The Iraqi Maqam | 2003 | 2008 | AST | [118] | |
| Opera dei Pupi, Sicilian Puppet Theatre | 2001 | 2008 | ENA | [119] | |
| Canto a tenore, Sardinian Pastoral Songs | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [120] | |
| Traditional violin craftsmanship in Cremona | 2011 | 2012 | ENA | [121] | |
| Celebrations of big shoulder-borne processional structures | 2013 | 2013 | ENA | [122] | |
| Traditional agricultural practice of cultivating the "vite ad alberello" (head-trained bush vines) of the community of Pantelleria | 2014 | 2014 | ENA | [123] | |
| The Maroon Heritage of Moore Town | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [124] | |
| Nôgaku Theatre | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [125] | |
| Ningyo Johruri Bunraku Puppet Theatre | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [126] | |
| Kabuki Theatre | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [127] | |
| Akiu no Taue Odori | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [128] | |
| Chakkirako | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [129] | |
| Daimokutate | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [130] | |
| Dainichido Bugaku | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [131] | |
| Gagaku | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [132] | |
| Hayachine Kagura | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [133] | |
| Hitachi Furyumono | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [134] | |
| Koshikijima no Toshidon | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [135] | |
| Ojiya-chijimi, Echigo jofu: techniques of making ramie fabric in Uonuma region, Niigata Prefecture | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [136] | |
| Oku-noto no Aenokoto | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [137] | |
| Traditional Ainu dance | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [138] | |
| Yamahoko, the float ceremony of the Kyoto Gion festival | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [139] | |
| Kumiodori, traditional Okinawan musical theatre | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [140] | |
| Yuki tsumugi, silk fabric production technique | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [141] | |
| Mibu no Hana Taue, ritual of transplanting rice in Mibu, Hiroshima | 2011 | 2011 | APA | [142] | |
| Sada Shin Noh, sacred dancing at Sada shrine, Shimane | 2011 | 2011 | APA | [143] | |
| Nachi no Dengaku, a religious performing art held at the Nachi fire festival | 2012 | 2012 | APA | [144] | |
| Washoku, traditional dietary cultures of the Japanese, notably for the celebration of New Year | 2013 | 2013 | APA | [145] | |
| Washi, craftsmanship of traditional Japanese hand-made paper[146] | 2014 | 2014 | APA | [147] | |
| The Cultural Space of the Bedu in Petra and Wadi Rum | 2005 | 2008 | AST | [148] | |
| The Art of Akyns, Kyrgyz Epic Tellers | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [149] | |
| Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [16] | |
| Suiti cultural space in Alsunga | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [150] | |
| Cross-crafting and its Symbolism | 2001 | 2008 | ENA | [151] | |
| Sutartinės, Lithuanian multipart songs | 2008 | 2010 | ENA | [152] | |
| Dancing procession of Echternach | 2008 | 2010 | ENA | [153] | |
| Feast of the Holy Forty Martyrs in Štip | 2011 | 2013 | ENA | [154] | |
| Folk Dance Kopačka in Dramce Delčevo | 2011 | 2014 | ENA | [155] | |
| The Woodcrafting Knowledge of the Zafimaniry | 2003 | 2008 | AFR | [156] | |
| The Vimbuza Healing Dance | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [157] | |
| Tchopa, sacrificial dance of the Lhomwe people of southern Malawi | 2014 | AFR | [157] | ||
| The Gule Wamkulu | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [158] | |
| Mak Yong Theatre | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [159] | |
| The Cultural Space of the Yaaral and Degal | 2003 | 2008 | AFR | [160] | |
| The Manden Charter, proclaimed in Kurukan Fuga | 2009 | 2009 | AFR | ||
| The septennial re-roofing ceremony of the Kamablon, sacred house of Kangaba | 2009 | 2009 | AFR | ||
| Coming forth of the masks and puppets in Markala | 2014 | AFR | |||
| The Indigenous Festivity dedicated to the Dead | 2003 | 2008 | LAC | [161] | |
| Places of memory and living traditions of the Otomí-Chichimecas people of Tolimán: the Peña de Bernal, guardian of a sacred territory | 2009 | 2009 | LAC | [162] | |
| Ritual ceremony of the Voladores: Papantla, El Tajín | 2009 | 2009 | LAC | [163] | |
| Traditional Mexican cuisine – ancestral, ongoing community culture, the Michoacán paradigm | 2010 | 2010 | LAC | [164] | |
| Parachicos in the traditional January feast of Chiapa de Corzo | 2010 | 2010 | LAC | [166] | |
| Pirekua, traditional song of the Purépecha | 2010 | 2010 | LAC | [167] | |
| Mariachi, string music, song and trumpet | 2011 | 2011 | LAC | [168] | |
| The Christmas Carols in masculine horde (shared with Romania) | 2013 | 2013 | ENA | ||
| The Traditional Music of the Morin Khuur | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [169] | |
| Biyelgee dance | 2009 | ||||
| Traditional epic poem | 2009 | ||||
| Tsuur end-blown flute | 2009 | ||||
| Mongolian throat singing | 2010 | ||||
| The Traditional Naadam festival | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [170] | |
| Mongolian limbe flute | 2011 | [171] | |||
| Mongolian calligraphy | 2013 | ||||
| Mongolian knuckle-bone shooting | 2014 | APA | [170] | ||
| Urtiin Duu – Traditional Folk Long Song | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [56] | |
| The Cultural Space of Jemaa el-Fna Square | 2001 | 2008 | AST | [172] | |
| The Moussem of Tan-Tan | 2005 | 2008 | AST | [173] | |
| Argan, practices and know-how concerning the argan tree | 2014 | AST | [173] | ||
| The Chopi Timbila | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [174] | |
| Traditional Mauritian Sega | 2014 | AFR | [174] | ||
| Practices and expressions of joking relationships in Niger | 2014 | AFR | [175] | ||
| El Güegüense | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [175] | |
| The Ifá Divination System | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [176] | |
| Ijele masquerade | 2009 | 2009 | AFR | ||
| The Palestinian Hikaye | 2005 | 2008 | AST | [177] | |
| The Oral Heritage and Cultural Manifestations of the Záparo People | 2001 | 2008 | LAC | [178] | |
| Taquile and its Textile Art | 2005 | 2008 | LAC | [179] | |
| Huaconada, ritual dance of Mito | 2010 | 2010 | LAC | [180] | |
| The scissors dance | 2010 | 2010 | LAC | [181] | |
| Eshuva, Harákmbut sung prayers of Peru's Huachipaire people | 2011 | 2011 | LAC | [182] | |
| Pilgrimage to the sanctuary of the Lord of Qoyllurit'i | 2011 | 2011 | LAC | [183] | |
| Virgen de la Candelaria, Harákmbut sung prayers of Peru's Huachipaire people | 2014 | 2014 | LAC | [184] | |
| The Hudhud Chants of the Ifugao | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [185] | |
| The Darangen Epic of the Maranao People of Lake Lanao | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [186] | |
| The Fado, urban popular song of Portugal, performance genre incorporating music and poetry widely practised in the country and among emigrant communities | 2011 | 2011 | ENA | [187] | |
| The Cante Alentejano, polyphonic singing from Alentejo, southern Portugal | 2014 | 2014 | ENA | [188] | |
| The Royal Ancestral Ritual in the Jongmyo Shrine and its Music | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [189] | |
| The Pansori Epic Chant | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [190] | |
| The Gangneung Danoje Festival | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [191] | |
| Cheoyongmu | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [192] | |
| Ganggangsullae | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [193] | |
| Jeju Chilmeoridang Yeongdeunggut | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [194] | |
| Namsadang Nori | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [195] | |
| Yeongsanjae | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [196] | |
| Daemokjang, traditional wooden architecture | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [197] | |
| Gagok, lyric song cycles accompanied by an orchestra | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [198] | |
| Jultagi, tightrope walking | 2011 | 2011 | APA | [199] | |
| Taekkyeon, a traditional Korean martial art | 2011 | 2011 | APA | [200] | |
| Weaving of Mosi (fine ramie) in the Hansan region | 2011 | 2011 | APA | [201] | |
| Korean folk song Arirang | 2012 | 2012 | APA | [202] | |
| Gimjang, kimchi making season | 2013 | 2013 | APA | [203] | |
| Nongak, community band music, dance and rituals in the Republic of Korea | 2014 | 2014 | APA | [204] | |
| The Căluș tradition | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [205] | |
| Doina | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | ||
| The Horezu ceramics | 2012 | 2012 | ENA | ||
| The Christmas carols in masculine horde (shared with Moldova) | 2013 | 2013 | ENA | ||
| The Cultural Space and Oral Culture of the Semeiskie | 2001 | 2008 | ENA | [206] | |
| The Olonkho, Yakut Heroic Epos | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [207] | |
| The Kankurang, Manding Initiatory Rite | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [208] | |
| Slava, celebration of family saint patron’s day | 2014 | 2014 | ENA | [209] | |
| The Fujara and its Music | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [210] | |
| The Mystery Play of Elche | 2001 | 2008 | ENA | [211] | |
| The Patum of Berga | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [212] | |
| Irrigators' tribunals of the Spanish Mediterranean coast: the Council of Wise Men of the plain of Murcia and the Water Tribunal of the plain of Valencia | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | ||
| Whistled language of the island of La Gomera | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | ||
| Human towers | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | ||
| Flamenco | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | ||
| The chant of the Sybil on Majorca | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | ||
| Festivity of 'la Mare de Déu de la Salut' of Algemesí | 2011 | 2011 | ENA | [213] | |
| The Lakalaka, Dances and Sung Speeches of Tonga | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [214] | |
| The Arts of the Meddah, Public Storytellers | 2003 | 2008 | ENA | [215] | |
| The Mevlevi Sema Ceremony | 2005 | 2008 | ENA | [216] | |
| Karagöz and Hacivat | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [217] | |
| Âşıklık tradition | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [218] | |
| Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz | 2009 | 2009 | ENA | [219] | |
| Traditional Sohbet meetings | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | [220] | |
| Kırkpınar oil wrestling festival | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | [221] | |
| Semah, Alevi-Bektaşi ritual | 2010 | 2010 | ENA | [222] | |
| Ceremonial Keşkek tradition | 2011 | 2011 | ENA | [223] | |
| Mesir Macunu festival | 2012 | 2012 | ENA | [224] | |
| Turkish coffee culture and tradition | 2013 | 2013 | ENA | [225] | |
| Ebru, Turkish art of marbling | 2013 | 2014 | ENA | [226] | |
| Barkcloth Making in Uganda | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [227] | |
| Petrykivka decorative painting as a phenomenon of the Ukrainian ornamental folk art | 2013 | ENA | [228] | ||
| The Candombe and its socio-cultural space: a community practice | 2009 | 2009 | LAC | ||
| The Tango | 2009 | 2009 | LAC | ||
| The Cultural Space of the Boysun District | 2001 | 2008 | APA | [229] | |
| Shashmaqom Music | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [230] | |
| Katta Ashula | 2009 | 2009 | APA | ||
| Vanuatu Sand Drawings | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [231] | |
| Dancing Devils of Corpus Christi | 2012 | 2012 | LAC | [232] | |
| Nhã nhạc, Vietnamese Court Music | 2003 | 2008 | APA | [233] | |
| The Space of Gong Culture | 2005 | 2008 | APA | [234] | |
| The Quan Họ Bắc Ninh folk songs | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [235] | |
| The Ca trù singing | 2009 | 2009 | APA | [236] | |
| The Gióng Festival at Phù Đổng and Sóc Temples | 2010 | 2010 | APA | [237] | |
| The Xoan singing of Phú Thọ Province | 2011 | 2011 | APA | [238] | |
| The Worship of Hùng Kings in Phú Thọ | 2012 | 2012 | APA | [239] | |
| The Art of Đờn ca tài tử music and song in southern Việt Nam | 2013 | 2013 | APA | [240] | |
| The Ví and Giặm folk songs of Nghệ Tĩnh | 2014 | 2014 | APA | [241] | |
| The Song of Sana'a | 2003 | 2008 | AST | [242] | |
| The Makishi Masquerade | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [243] | |
| The Mbende Jerusarema Dance | 2005 | 2008 | AFR | [244] |
Gallery[edit]
|
Statistics[edit]
Ratification[edit]
States that ratified the Convention, by region:
| Proclamation | UNESCO Member States | States Parties to the Convention | % States Parties – UNESCO Member States by region |
|---|---|---|---|
| Western Europe and North America | 27 | 19 | 70% |
| Eastern Europe | 25 | 24 | 96% |
| Latin America and Caribbean | 33 | 29 | 88% |
| Asia and Pacific | 44 | 31 | 75% |
| Africa | 47 | 39 | 79% |
| Arab States | 19 | 16 | 84% |
| TOTAL | 195 | 158 | 80% |
Elements inscribed in 2008–2013[edit]
Total of inscriptions to date: 337, of which 18 are multinational
| Region | Elements / programmes | Submitting States |
|---|---|---|
| Africa | 27 | 20 |
| Arab States | 19 | 13 |
| Asia and the Pacific | 132 | 17 |
| Europe and North America | 19 | 17[F] |
| Latin America and the Caribbean | 48 | 18 |
| Eastern Europe | 55 | 20 |
| Total | 337 | 98 |
Proclaimed masterpieces[edit]
The Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage were established in 2008, when the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage took effect.[246] Prior to this, a project known as the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity has already been active in recognizing the value of intangibles such as tradition, custom and cultural spaces and the local actors who sustain these forms of cultural expressions through a Proclamation.[2] Identification of the Masterpieces also entails the commitment of states to promote and safeguard these treasures, while UNESCO finances plans for their conservation.[2] Started in 2001 and held biennially until 2005, a total of three Proclamations occurred, encompassing 90 forms of intangible heritage around the world.[3]
The 90 previously proclaimed Masterpieces have been incorporated into the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity as its first entries, to be known as elements.[1][247] Subsequent elements will be added following the assessment of nominations submitted by national governments acceding to the UNESCO Convention, termed as member states, who are each allowed to submit a single candidature file, in addition to multi-national candidatures. A panel of experts in intangible heritage and an appointed body, known as the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, then examine each of the nominations before officially inscribing the candidates as elements on the List.[248]
Notes[edit]
^ A. Names and spellings used for the elements were based on the official List as published.
^ B. A total of three Proclamations of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity were made in 2001, 2003 and 2005. The proclamation was superseded in 2008 when the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity was established.
^ C. The 90 elements that were previously proclaimed as Masterpieces have been inscribed onto the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity as per the Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage.
^ D. Grouping of member states by region is based on the official List as published. Abbreviations were used for convenience:
- AFR: Africa
- AST: Arab States
- APA: Asia and the Pacific
- ENA: Europe and North America
- LAC: Latin America and the Caribbean
^ E. Turkey is included in the Asia and the Pacific Region.
^ F. The Transcaucasian States of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, and Russian Federation are included in the Europe and North America Region.
See also[edit]
- Intangible Cultural Properties of Japan
- Important Intangible Cultural Properties of Korea
- World Heritage Site
- UNESCO Collection of Representative Works
References[edit]
- ^ a b Compare: "Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage 2003". UNESCO. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
In order to ensure better visibility of the intangible cultural heritage and awareness of its significance, and to encourage dialogue which respects cultural diversity, the Committee, upon the proposal of the States Parties concerned, shall establish, keep up to date and publish a Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
- ^ a b c "UNESCO ISSUES FIRST EVER PROCLAMATION OF MASTERPIECES OF THE ORAL AND INTANGIBLE HERITAGE". UNESCO Press. 2001-05-18. Retrieved 2009-09-05.
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- ^ a b "Intangible Heritage Lists". UNESCO Press. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
- ^ "Criteria and timetable of inscription on the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding". UNESCO Press. Retrieved 2010-11-16.
- ^ "Albanian Folk Iso-Polyphony". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ^ "The Ahellil of Gourara". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ^ "Tango", UNESCO.org.
- ^ "The Duduk and its Music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Armenian cross-stones art. Symbolism and craftsmanship of Khachkars". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2010-11-20.
- ^ "Performance of the Armenian epic of "Daredevils of Sassoun" or "David of Sassoun"". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
- ^ "Lavash, the preparation, meaning and appearance of traditional bread as an expression of culture in Armenia. Inscribed in 2014 (9.COM) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Country(ies): Armenia". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-11-26.
- ^ "Österreichische UNESCO-Kommission – Nationalagentur für das Immaterielle Kulturerbe – Austrian Inventory". Nationalagentur.unesco.at. Retrieved 2011-12-06.
- ^ "The Azerbaijani Mugham". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The traditional art of Azerbaijani carpet weaving in the Republic of Azerbaijan". Unesco.org. Retrieved 2011-12-06.
- ^ a b c "Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ Art of Azerbaijani Ashiq
- ^ Craftsmanship and performance art of the Tar, a long-necked string musical instrument
- ^ Chovqan, a traditional Karabakh horse-riding game in the Republic of Azerbaijan
- ^ Traditional art and symbolism of Kelaghayi, making and wearing women’s silk headscarves
- ^ "Baul Songs". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ^ "Traditional art of Jamdani weaving". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-04.
- ^ "Zmijanje embroidery". UNESCO Culture Sector.
- ^ http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=en&pg=00011&RL=00990
- ^ "Shrimp fishing on horseback in Oostduinkerke". Unesco.org. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
- ^ "Shrimp fishing on horseback in Oostduinkerke". Unesco.org. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
- ^ "Marches of Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse". Unesco.org. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
- ^ "Leuven age set ritual repertoire". Unesco.org. Retrieved 2012-12-13.
- ^ "Aalst carnival". Unesco.org. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
- ^ "Houtem Jaarmarkt, annual winter fair and livestock market at Sint-Lievens-Houtem". Retrieved 2013-03-18.
- ^ "Krakelingen and Tonnekensbrand". Unesco.org. Retrieved 2014-03-25.
- ^ "Procession of the Holy Blood in Bruges". Unesco.org. Retrieved 2012-12-01.
- ^ "Carnival of Binche". Retrieved 2014-03-25.
- ^ "Processional Giants and Dragons in Belgium and France". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-12-13.
- ^ "Language, Dance and Music of the Garifuna". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Oral Heritage of Gelede". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Mask Dance of the Drums from Drametse". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Carnival of Oruro". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Andean Cosmovision of the Kallawaya". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Oral and Graphic Expressions of the Wajapi". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Samba de Roda of Recôncavo of Bahia". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Frevo, performing arts of the Carnival of Recife". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-01-30.
- ^ "Yaokwa, the Enawene Nawe people's ritual for the maintenance of social and cosmic order". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-09-07.
- ^ "Círio de Nazaré (The Taper of Our Lady of Nazareth) in the city of Belém, Pará". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-09-07.
- ^ "Capoeira circle". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-17.
- ^ "The Bistritsa Babi – Archaic Polyphony, Dances and Rituals from the Shoplouk Region". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=en&pg=00011&RL=00965
- ^ "The Royal Ballet of Cambodia". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Sbek Thom, Khmer Shadow Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Polyphonic Singing of the Aka Pygmies of Central Africa". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ a b "Kun Qu Opera". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Guqin and its Music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Uyghur Muqam of Xinjiang". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ a b c "China's three nominations inscribed on List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding". Xinhua. 2010-11-15. Retrieved 2011-07-30.
- ^ "Chinese Zhusuan, knowledge and practices of mathematical calculation through the abacus". UNESCO.
- ^ a b "Urtiin Duu – Traditional Folk Long Song". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Carnival of Barranquilla". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ a b "The Cultural Space of Palenque de San Basilio". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Oxherding and Oxcart Traditions in Costa Rica". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Gbofe of Afounkaha – the Music of the Transverse Trumps of the Tagbana Community". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Annual carnival bell ringers' pageant from the Kastav area". UNESCO Culture Sector.
- ^ "Gingerbread craft from Northern Croatia". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 17 November 2010.
- ^ "Ojkanje singing". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 16 February 2011.
- ^ "Lacemaking in Croatia". UNESCO Culture Sector.
- ^ "Procession Za Križen". UNESCO Culture Sector.
- ^ "The Sinjska Alka, a knights' tournament in Sinj". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 17 November 2010.
- ^ "Spring procession of Ljelje/Kraljice". UNESCO Culture Sector.
- ^ "The festivity of Saint Blaise". UNESCO Culture Sector.
- ^ "Traditional manufacturing of children's wooden toys in Hrvatsko Zagorje". UNESCO Culture Sector.
- ^ "Two-part singing and playing in the Istrian scale". UNESCO Culture Sector.
- ^ "Bećarac singing and playing from Eastern Croatia". UNESCO Culture Sector.
- ^ "Nijemo Kolo, silent circle dance of the Dalmatian hinterland". UNESCO Culture Sector.
- ^ "Klapa multipart singing of Dalmatia, southern Croatia". UNESCO Culture Sector.
- ^ "La Tumba Francesa". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Slovácko Verbuňk, Dance of Recruits". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Arirang folk song in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ^ "The Cultural Space of the Brotherhood of the Holy Spirit of the Congos of Villa Mella". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Cocolo Dance Drama Tradition". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Traditional weaving of the Ecuadorian toquilla straw hat". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-16.
- ^ "The Al-Sirah Al-Hilaliyyah Epic". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Kihnu Cultural Space". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-17.
- ^ "Seto Leelo, Seto polyphonic singing tradition". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-17.
- ^ "Smoke sauna tradition in Võromaa". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-17.
- ^ "The Baltic Song and Dance Celebrations". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-01-02.
- ^ "unesco.org". unesco.org. Retrieved 2011-12-06.
- ^ "unesco.org". unesco.org. Retrieved 2015-07-29.
- ^ "Georgian Polyphonic Singing". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Ancient Georgian traditional Qvevri wine-making method". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-11-05.
- ^ "Know-how of cultivating mastic on the island of Chios". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-17.
- ^ "The Mediterranean Diet". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-07-14.
- ^ "The Rabinal Achí Dance Drama Tradition http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?RL=34". UNESCO Culture Sector. [dead link]
- ^ "The Cultural Space of Sosso-Bala". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Táncház method: a Hungarian model for the transmission of intangible cultural heritage". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-02-15.
- ^ "Kutiyattam, Sanskrit Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Tradition of Vedic Chanting". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ a b "Ramlila – the Traditional Performance of the Ramayana". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Ramman, religious festival and ritual theatre of the Garhwal Himalayas, India". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
- ^ "Mudiyettu, ritual theatre and dance drama of Kerala". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
- ^ "Kalbelia folk songs and dances of Rajasthan". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
- ^ "Buddhist chanting of Ladakh: recitation of sacred Buddhist texts in the trans-Himalayan Ladakh region, Jammu and Kashmir, India". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
- ^ "Sankirtana, ritual singing, drumming and dancing of Manipur". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-07-12.
- ^ "Traditional brass and copper craft of utensil making among the Thatheras of Jandiala Guru, Punjab". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-07-12.
- ^ a b "Wayang Puppet Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-06-27.
- ^ "Indonesian Kris". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-06-27.
- ^ "Indonesian Batik". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-10-05.
- ^ "Indonesian Angklung". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2010-11-23.
- ^ "The Saman dance". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-08-04.
- ^ "Noken multifunctional knotted or woven bag, handcraft of the people of Papua". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-03-14.
- ^ "The Radif of Iranian music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-10-25.
- ^ "Traditional skills of carpet weaving in Kashan". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "Traditional skills of carpet weaving in Fars". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "Ritual dramatic art of Ta‘zīye". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "Pahlevani and Zoorkhanei rituals". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "Music of the Bakhshis of Khorasan". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
- ^ "Naqqāli, Iranian dramatic story-telling". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
- ^ "Traditional skills of building and sailing Iranian Lenj boats in the Persian Gulf". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
- ^ "Qālišuyān rituals of Mašhad-e Ardehāl in Kāšān". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-01-25.
- ^ "The Iraqi Maqam". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Opera dei Pupi, Sicilian Puppet Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Canto a tenore, Sardinian Pastoral Songs". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Traditional violin craftsmanship in Cremona". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-11-24.
- ^ "Celebrations of big shoulder-borne processional structures". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-09-27.
- ^ "Traditional agricultural practice of cultivating the ‘vite ad alberello’ (head-trained bush vines) of the community of Pantelleria". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-09-07.
- ^ "The Maroon Heritage of Moore Town". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Nôgaku Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-03.
- ^ "Ningyo Johruri Bunraku Puppet Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Kabuki Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Akiu no Taue Odori". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Chakkirako". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Daimokutate". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Dainichido Bugaku". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Gagaku". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Hayachine Kagura". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Hitachi Furyumono". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Koshikijima no Toshidon". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Ojiya-chijimi, Echigo-jofu". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Oku-noto no Aenokoto". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Traditional Ainu dance". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Yamahoko, the float ceremony of the Kyoto Gion festival". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Kumiodori". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Yuki-tsumugi". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
- ^ "Mibu no Hana Taue". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-02-15.
- ^ "Sada Shin Noh". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-02-15.
- ^ "Nachi no Dengaku". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-04-24.
- ^ "Washoku". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-08.
- ^ Until 2014, there was an item titled "Sekishu-Banshi: papermaking in the Iwami region of Shimane Prefecture." It was merged with the current item due to the expansion of the range of elements.
- ^ "Washi, craftsmanship of traditional Japanese hand-made paper". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-17.
- ^ "The Cultural Space of the Bedu in Petra and Wadi Rum". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-06-02.
- ^ "The Art of Akyns, Kyrgyz Epic Tellers". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Suiti cultural space". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.
- ^ "Cross-crafting and its Symbolism". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Sutartinės, Lithuanian multipart songs". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-18.
- ^ "Hopping procession of Echternach". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
- ^ http://vistina.mk/2014/11/29/makedonskoto-oro-kopachka-na-unesko-listata-za-nematerijalnoto-kulturno-nasledstvo/
- ^ "Feast of the Holy Forty Martyrs in Štip". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-07-30.
- ^ "The Woodcrafting Knowledge of the Zafimaniry". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ a b "The Vimbuza Healing Dance". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved March 2014.
- ^ "The Gule Wamkulu". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Mak Yong Theatre". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Cultural Space of the Yaaral and Degal". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Indigenous Festivity dedicated to the Dead". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Places of memory and living traditions of the Otomí-Chichimecas people of Tolimán: the Peña de Bernal, guardian of a sacred territory". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ^ "Ritual ceremony of the Voladores: Papantla, El Tajín". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ^ "UNESCO declares Mexican Cuisine Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity".
- ^ "Traditional Mexican cuisine – ancestral, ongoing community culture, the Michoacán paradigm". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ^ "Parachicos in the traditional January feast of Chiapa de Corzo". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ^ "Pirekua, traditional song of the P'urhépecha". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ^ "Mariachi, string music, song and trumpet". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-03-21.
- ^ "The Traditional Music of the Morin Khuur". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ a b "Naadam, Mongolian traditional festival". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
- ^ Mongolian Limbe is registered as an Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding
- ^ "The Cultural Space of Jemaa el-Fna Square". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ a b "The Moussem of Tan-Tan". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ a b "The Chopi Timbila". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ a b "El Güegüense". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Ifa Divination System". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Palestinian Hikaye". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Oral Heritage and Cultural Manifestations of the Zápara People". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ a b "Taquile and its Textile Art". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Huaconada, ritual dance of Mito". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
- ^ "The scissors dance". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
- ^ "Eshuva". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
- ^ "Pilgrimage to the sanctuary of the Lord of Qoyllurit'i". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-07-05.
- ^ "candelaria". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
- ^ "The Hudhud Chants of the Ifugao". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Darangen Epic of the Maranao People of Lake Lanao". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Fado, urban popular song of Portugal". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2011-11-27.
- ^ "Cante Alentejano, polyphonic singing from Alentejo, southern Portugal". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-11-27.
- ^ "The Royal Ancestral Ritual in the Jongmyo Shrine and its Music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ a b "The Pansori Epic Chant". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "The Gangneung Danoje Festival". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "Cheoyongmu". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "Ganggangsullae". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "Jeju Chilmeoridang Yeongdeunggut". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "Namsadang Nori". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "Yeongsanjae". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "Daemokjang, traditional wooden architecture". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "Gagok, lyric song cycles accompanied by an orchestra". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "Jultagi, tightrope walking". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "Taekkyeon, a traditional Korean martial art". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "Weaving of Mosi (fine ramie) in the Hansan region". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-04-17.
- ^ "UNESCO Puts 'Arirang' on Intangible Heritage List". Chosun Ilbo. 6 December 2012. Retrieved 25 February 2013.
- ^ "Kimchi-Making Culture Joins UNESCO Intangible Heritage List". Chosun Ilbo. 2013-12-06. Retrieved 2013-12-06.
- ^ "Nongak, community band music, dance and rituals in the Republic of Korea". UNESCO Culture Sector. November 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
- ^ "The Căluş tradition". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Cultural Space and Oral Culture of the Semeiskie". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Olonkho, Yakut Heroic Epos". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Kankurang, Manding Initiatory Rite". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Slava, celebration of family saint patron’s day".
- ^ "The Fujara and its Music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Mystery Play of Elche". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Patum of Berga". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Festivity of 'la Mare de Déu de la Salut' of Algemesí". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2012-02-29.
- ^ a b "The Lakalaka, Dances and Sung Speeches of Tonga". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Arts of the Meddah, Public Storytellers". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ a b "Mevlevi Sema Ceremony". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ "Karagöz and Hacivat". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ "Âşıklık (minstrelsy) tradition". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ "Nowruz, Novruz, Nowrouz, Nooruz, Navruz, Nauroz, Nevruz". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ "Traditional Sohbet meetings". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ "Kırkpınar oil wrestling festival". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ "Semah, Alevi-Bektaşi ritual". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ "Ceremonial Keşkek tradition". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ "Mesir Macunu festival". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ "Turkish coffee culture and tradition". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ "Ebru, Turkish art of marbling". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-01.
- ^ "Barkcloth Making in Uganda". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Petrykivka decorative painting as a phenomenon of the Ukrainian ornamental folk art". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2014-12-30.
- ^ "The Cultural Space of the Boysun District". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Shashmaqom Music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Vanuatu Sand Drawings". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Venezuela's Dancing Devils of Corpus Christi". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2013-08-15.
- ^ "Nha Nhac, Vietnamese court music". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ^ "Space of Gong culture". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ^ "Quan Họ Bắc Ninh folk songs". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ^ "Ca trù singing". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ^ "Gióng festival of Phù Ðông and Sóc temples". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ^ "Xoan singing of Phú Thọ Province, Viet Nam". Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ^ "Worship of Hùng kings in Phú Thọm". Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ^ "Art of Đờn ca tài tử music and song in southern Viet Nam". Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ^ "Ví and Giặm folk songs of Nghệ Tĩnh". Retrieved 2015-09-16.
- ^ "The Song of Sana'a". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Makishi Masquerade". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Mbende Jerusarema Dance". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "The Carnival of Binche". UNESCO Culture Sector. Retrieved 2009-09-07.[dead link]
- ^ "Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage". Retrieved 2009-09-05.[dead link]
- ^ "Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity". Retrieved 2009-09-05.
- ^ "Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage". Retrieved 2009-09-05.
External links[edit]
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. |
| Wikivoyage has a travel guide for UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage. |
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