74th United States Congress
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| 74th United States Congress | |||
 United States Capitol (1956) |
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| Duration: January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937 | |||
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| Senate President: | John N. Garner | ||
| Senate Pres. pro tem: | Key Pittman | ||
| House Speaker: | Joseph W. Byrns, Sr. William B. Bankhead |
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| Members: | 96 Senators 435 Representatives 5 Non-voting members |
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| Senate Majority: | Democratic | ||
| House Majority: | Democratic | ||
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| 1st: January 3, 1935 – August 26, 1935 2nd: January 3, 1936 – June 20, 1936 |
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The Seventy-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1935 to January 3, 1937, during the third and fourth years of Franklin Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Fifteenth Census of the United States in 1930. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.
[edit] Major events
- April 14, 1935: Dust Bowl: The great dust storm hit eastern New Mexico, Colorado, and western Oklahoma
- May 6, 1935: Executive Order 7034 created the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
- May 27, 1935: Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States: the U.S. Supreme Court declared the National Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional
- June 12, 1935 – June 13, 1935: Senator Huey Long gave the second longest filibuster speech in Senate history up to that time, 15 hours and 30 minutes to retain a provision, opposed by President Franklin Roosevelt, requiring Senate confirmation for the National Recovery Administration's senior employees.[1]
- July 1, 1935: Charles Watkins was appointed as the first officially recognized Parliamentarian.[2]
- September 10, 1935: Senator Huey Long of Louisiana died, as the result of being shot by an assassin on September 8.
- March 1, 1936: Construction of Hoover Dam was completed.
- November 3, 1936: General elections
- U.S. presidential election, 1936: Franklin D. Roosevelt (D) was reelected with 60.8% of the vote over Alf Landon (R).
- United States Senate elections, 1936: Democrats gained 5 net seats during the election, and in combination with Democratic and Farmer-Labor interim appointments and the defection of George W. Norris from the Republican Party to become independent, the Republicans were reduced to 16 seats, the most lopsided Senate since Reconstruction.
- United States House of Representatives elections, 1936: Democrats gained twelve more net seats from the Republicans, bringing them above a three-fourths majority. This was the largest majority since Reconstruction. The last time a party won so decisively was in 1866.
- November 25, 1936: Abraham Lincoln Brigade sailed from New York City on its way to the Spanish Civil War
[edit] Major legislation
- April 27, 1935: Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act, Sess. 1, ch. 85, 49 Stat. 163
- July 5, 1935: National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act), Sess. 1, ch. 372, 49 Stat. 449
- August 9, 1935: Motor Carrier Act, Sess. 1, ch. 498, 49 Stat. 546 (renamed part II of the Interstate Commerce Act)
- August 14, 1935: Social Security Act, including Aid to Dependent Children, Old Age Pension Act, Pub.L. 74-271, Sess. 1, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620
- August 26, 1935: Public Utility Act (including: Title I: Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, Title II: Federal Power Act), Sess. 1, ch. 687, 49 Stat. 803
- August 30, 1935: Revenue Act of 1935, Sess. 1, ch. 829, 49 Stat. 1014
- August 31, 1935: Neutrality Act of 1935, Sess. 1, ch. 837, 49 Stat. 1081
- February 29, 1936: Neutrality Act of 1936, Sess. 2, ch. 106, 49 Stat. 1153
- May 20, 1936: Rural Electrification Act, Sess. 2, ch. 432, 49 Stat. 1363
- June 15, 1936: Commodities Exchange Act, Sess. 2, ch. 545, 49 Stat. 1491
- June 19, 1936: Robinson Patman Act, Sess. 2, ch. 592, 49 Stat. 1526
- June 22, 1936: Flood Control Act of 1936, Pub.L. 74-738, Sess. 2, ch. 688
- June 29, 1936: Merchant Marine Act, Sess. 2, ch. 250, 49 Stat. 1985
- June 30, 1936: Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act, Sess. 2, ch. 881, 49 Stat. 2036`
[edit] Party summary
[edit] Senate
| Party (Shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | |||||
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| Democratic (D) |
Farmer-Labor (FL) |
Progressive (P) |
Republican (R) |
Other |
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| End of the previous congress | 60 | 1 | 0 | 35 | 0 | 96 | 0 |
| Begin | 70 | 1 | 1 | 23 | 0 | 95 | 1 |
| End | 73 | 21 | 96 | 0 | |||
| Final voting share | 76.0% | 1.0% | 1.0% | 21.9% | 0.0% | ||
| Beginning of the next congress | 75 | 2 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 95 | 1 |
[edit] House
| Party | Members |
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| Democrats | 322 |
| Republicans | 103 |
| Progressive | 7 |
| Farmer-Labor | 3 |
| Total | 435 |
Also 2 Delegates, 3 Resident Commissioners
[edit] Leaders
[ Section contents: Senate: Majority (D), Minority (R) • House: Majority (D), Minority (R) ]
[edit] Senate
[edit] Majority (Democratic) leadership
[edit] Minority (Republican) leadership
[edit] House of Representatives
- Speaker: Joseph W. Byrns (D), died June 4, 1936
- William B. Bankhead (D), elected June 4, 1936
[edit] Majority (Democratic) leadership
- Majority leader:
- William B. Bankhead, until June 4, 1936
- John J. O'Connor
- Majority whip: Patrick J. Boland
- Democratic Caucus Chairman: Edward T. Taylor
[edit] Minority (Republican) leadership
- Minority leader: Bertrand H. Snell
- Minority whip: Harry L. Englebright
- Republican Conference Chair: Frederick R. Lehlbach
[edit] Members
[edit] Senate
Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election.
[edit] House of Representatives
The names of members are preceded by their district numbers.
[edit] Changes of Membership
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} |
This section requires expansion. |
- Joseph W. Byrns (D), died June 4, 1936
- 1. Francis B. Condon (D), resigned January 10, 1935
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- Charles Risk (R), elected August 6, 1935
[edit] Employees
[edit] Senate
[edit] House
- Clerk: South Trimble
- Doorkeeper: Joseph J. Sinnott
- Postmaster: Finis E. Scott
- Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler
- Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth Romney
- Chaplain: James Shera Montgomery - Methodist
[edit] See also
- Elections to this Congress:
- Elections during this Congress:
[edit] References
- ^ "Huey Long Filibusters". senate.gov. http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Huey_Long_Filibusters.htm.
- ^ a b "First Official Parliamentarian". senate.gov. http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/First_Official_Parliamentarian.htm.
- ^ http://www.ssa.gov/history/1930.html
- ^ The Vice President of the United States serves as the President of the Senate. See U.S. Constitution, Article I, Section 3, Clause 4
- ^ No Republican whips were appointed from 1935 to 1944 since only 17 Republicans were in the Senate following the landslide reelection of President Franklin Roosevelt in 1936. Accordingly, the minutes of the Republican Conference for the period state: "On motion of Senator Hastings, duly seconded and carried, it was agreed that no Assistant Leader or Whip be elected but that the chairman be authorized to appoint Senators from time to time to assist him in taking charge of the interests of the minority." A note attached to the conference minutes added: "The chairman of the conference, Senator McNary, apparently appointed Senator Austin of Vermont as assistant leader in 1943 and 1944, until the conference adopted Rules of Organization." Source: Party Whips, via Senate.gov
- Party divisions, via senate.gov
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