Jump to content

Legality of cannabis by country: Difference between revisions

Add links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
{{Flagu|Swaziland}}
→‎List of countries: Correct Ireland. Aodhán Ó Ríordáin spoke in a personal capacity in 2015 and lost his seat in 2016. The 2016 bill has so far only passed second stage, in one house.
Line 437: Line 437:
|
|
=== {{Flagu|Ireland}} ===
=== {{Flagu|Ireland}} ===
| {{no|Illegal}}<ref name="citizensinformation_ie">{{cite web|url=http://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/justice/criminal_law/criminal_offences/drug_offences.html#l1f4da|title=Drug offences|date=20 July 2016|publisher=Citizens Information Board|accessdate=5 December 2016|location=Dublin}}</ref> || {{no|Illegal}}<ref name="citizensinformation_ie"/> || {{no|Illegal)}}<ref name="citizensinformation_ie"/> || {{no|Illegal}}<ref name="citizensinformation_ie"/> || {{main|Cannabis in Ireland}} The National Drugs Strategy of 2009–2016 did not favour decriminalising cannabis.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://health.gov.ie/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/nds_2009-16.pdf#page=29 |format=PDF |title=National Drugs Strategy (interim) 2009-2016 |date=June 2009 |series=Official publications |volume=PN.A7/0508 |publisher=Department of Community, Rural and Gaeltacht Affairs |page=26, sec.2.49 |accessdate=5 December 2016}}</ref> A new strategy is planned from 2017.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://health.gov.ie/blog/press-release/minister-catherine-byrne-td-announces-a-public-consultation-on-the-new-national-drugs-strategy/|title=Minister Catherine Byrne TD announces a Public Consultation on the New National Drugs Strategy ||date=6 September 2016|publisher=Department of Health|accessdate=5 December 2016|location=Ireland}}</ref> Cannabis-derived medicines may be licensed since 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kildarestreet.com/wrans/?id=2016-10-26a.310|title=Medicinal Products Availability: : Written answers|date=26 Oct 2016|work=Dáil Éireann debates|publisher=KildareStreet.com|accessdate=5 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2014/si/323/made/en/print|title=S.I. No. 323/2014 - Misuse of Drugs (Amendment) Regulations 2014.|work=[[Irish Statute Book]]|accessdate=5 December 2016}}</ref> A review of policy on medicinal cannabis was announced in November 2016,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kildarestreet.com/committees/?gid=2016-11-10a.1387|title=Joint Oireachtas Committee on Health: Quarterly Update On Health Issues: Discussion|last=Harris|first=Simon|date=10 November 2016|work=Oireachtas Joint and Select Committees proceedings|accessdate=5 December 2016}}</ref> and a [[private member's bill]] to legalise it passed [[second stage]] in the Dáil in December 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kildarestreet.com/debates/?id=2016-12-01a.404|title=Cannabis for Medicinal Use (Regulations) Bill 2016: Second Stage [Private Members]|date=1 December 2016|work=Dáil debates|publisher=kildarestreet.com|accessdate=5 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/2016/1201/835669-cannabis-medicinal-use-dail/|title=Medicinal cannabis bill passes Dáil without vote|date=2016-12-01|newspaper=RTE.ie|access-date=2016-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?DocID=33497&&CatID=59|title=Cannabis for Medicinal Use Regulation Bill 2016 Bill 2016 [PMB]|work=Bills|publisher=Oireachtas|accessdate=5 December 2016}}</ref>
| {{no|Illegal (legal for medicinal use only)}} || {{no|Illegal (legal for medicinal use only)}} || {{no|Illegal (legal for medicinal use only)}} || {{no|Illegal}} || {{main|Cannabis in Ireland}} In November 2015, the government announced that it would move towards decriminalising cannabis, cocaine and heroin for personal use.<ref>{{citation |url = http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/ireland-to-decriminalise-small-amounts-of-drugs-including-heroin-cocaine-and-cannabis-for-personal-a6719136.html |publisher = The Independent |date = 3 November 2015 |accessdate = 2015-11-05 |title = Ireland to 'decriminalise' small amounts of drugs, including heroin, cocaine and cannabis, for personal use }}</ref>In November 2016, the government passed a bill to make cannabis available for medicinal use.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/2016/1201/835669-cannabis-medicinal-use-dail/|title=Medicinal cannabis bill passes Dáil without vote|date=2016-12-01|newspaper=RTE.ie|access-date=2016-12-02}}</ref>
|-
|-
|
|

=== {{Flagu|Israel}} ===
=== {{Flagu|Israel}} ===

| {{no|Illegal (legal for medicinal use only)}} || {{no|Illegal (legal for medicinal use only)}} || {{no|Illegal (legal for medicinal use only)}} || {{no|Illegal (legal for licensed medicinal providers)}} || {{main|Cannabis in Israel}} Illegal for recreational use, but limited medical uses have been permitted since the 1990s.<ref>{{citation |url = http://www.erowid.org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_law.shtml#israel |title = Cannabis legal status vault – Israel |publisher = Erowid.org |date = |accessdate = 2011-02-17 }}</ref>
| {{no|Illegal (legal for medicinal use only)}} || {{no|Illegal (legal for medicinal use only)}} || {{no|Illegal (legal for medicinal use only)}} || {{no|Illegal (legal for licensed medicinal providers)}} || {{main|Cannabis in Israel}} Illegal for recreational use, but limited medical uses have been permitted since the 1990s.<ref>{{citation |url = http://www.erowid.org/plants/cannabis/cannabis_law.shtml#israel |title = Cannabis legal status vault – Israel |publisher = Erowid.org |date = |accessdate = 2011-02-17 }}</ref>
|-
|-

Revision as of 11:40, 5 December 2016

The legal status of cannabis is evolving rapidly. This list may be out of date.

World laws on possession of small amounts of recreational cannabis.
  Legal or essentially legal
  Illegal but decriminalized
  Illegal but often unenforced
  Illegal
  No information

The legality of cannabis for general or recreational use varies from country to country. Possession of cannabis is illegal in most countries as a result of the agreement about Indian hemp, also known as hashish, in the International Opium Convention (1925).[1] However, many countries have decriminalized the possession of small quantities of cannabis; see the list below.

In the United States, medical cannabis is allowed by some state, territorial, Indian reservation, and District of Columbia law, but medical and recreation use is illegal by federal law. While federal law is controlling,[2] the Obama administration has chosen not to prosecute users operating in compliance with local medical and recreational marijuana laws.[3][4]

As of 2016, Australia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Czech Republic, Germany, India, Jamaica, Mexico, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Uruguay, and some U.S. jurisdictions have the least restrictive cannabis laws while China, Egypt, France, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Nigeria, Norway, the Philippines, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates and Vietnam have the strictest cannabis laws.[5][6]

List of countries

Country/Territory Possession Sale Transport Cultivation Notes

 Afghanistan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Afghanistan
Production banned by King Zahir Shah in 1973.[7]

 Albania

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Albania
The law of prohibition exists but however with high availability of cannabis plants throughout the country, this law is often unenforced.[8][9][10]

 Algeria

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Algeria
Possession is illegal.[11]

 Angola

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Argentina

 Illegal (decriminalized for personal use in small amounts) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Argentina
Decriminalized for personal use in small amounts and for consumption in private locations, the Supreme Court ruled in 2009.[12]

Medical cannabis is legal in Chubut since September 23, 2016, [13] and in Santa Fe since November 30, 2016. [14]

 Armenia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Australia

 Legal for medicinal and scientific purposes.
Decriminalised for personal use in the Northern Territory, South Australia and the Australian Capital Territory.		 Illegal Illegal Legal for medicinal and scientific purposes.
One or two plants may be privately grown for personal use in the Australian Capital Territory and South Australia. Personal grows of up to two plants are decriminalised in the Northern Territory.
Main article: Cannabis in Australia
Decriminalised for personal use in small amounts in the Australian Capital Territory, South Australia and the Northern Territory. It is a criminal offence in New South Wales, Queensland, Western Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. In SA a person can legally grow 1 non-hydroponic plant, and in the ACT 2 non-hydroponic plants may be grown on their own property for personal use, and in the N.T two non-hydroponic plants can be fined $200 with 28 days to pay rather than face criminal charge. Enforcement varies from state to state,[15] though a criminal conviction for possession of a small amount is unlikely and diversion programs in these states aim to divert offenders into education, assessment and treatment programs.[16] With the rapid expansion in hydroponically grown cannabis cultivation, the Australian Drug Misuse and Trafficking Act (1985) was amended in 2006, reducing the amount of cannabis grown indoors under hydroponic conditions that qualifies as a 'commercial quantity' or as a 'large quantity'.[16]

On 24 February 2016, the Federal Government legalised the growing of cannabis for medicinal and scientific purposes at a federal level.[17] Subsequently, the use of medicinal cannabis was legalised by the Victorian government on 12 April 2016,[18] and in New South Wales on 1 August 2016,.[19] The usage of medicinal cannabis became legal at the federal level on 1 November 2016, with implementation varying from state-to-state.[20]

 Austria

 Possession of up to 5 grams decriminalized as of January 2016. Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Austria
Possession and purchase of up to 5 grams for personal use is decriminalized and offenders will not be punished, given that they cooperate with the health authority and undergo a therapy.[21]

 Azerbaijan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Bahrain

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Bahrain

 Bangladesh

 Illegal, but mostly tolerated Illegal, but mostly tolerated Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Bangladesh
Sale banned in 1989.[22] Possession of cannabis is illegal in Bangladesh, with penalties ranging from 6 months to 15 years. However, cannabis is openly sold in many parts of the country and the laws are rarely enfored.[23][24]

 Belarus

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Belgium

 Illegal (decriminalized up to 3 grams) Illegal Illegal Illegal (decriminalized) one plant)
Main article: Cannabis in Belgium
Since 2003, adults over the age of 18 had been allowed to possess up to 3 grams.[25][26]

 Belize

 Illegal, but mostly tolerated Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Belize
Cannabis use in Belize is common and largely tolerated; however, possession can result in fines or imprisonment.[27] In 2016, national media reported that legislation to decriminalize possession of up to 10 grams was "in the works".[28]

 Benin

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Benin

 Bhutan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Bhutan
Cannabis is illegal, but grows prolifically in Bhutan and has multiple traditional uses, such as feeding pigs and producing textiles.[29]

 Bosnia and Herzegovina

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Bosnia and Herzegovina
In 2016 it was announced that the Ministry of Civil Affairs had formed a task force to explore the legalizing of cannabis and cannabinoids for medical purposes.[30]

 Bolivia

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Illegal Bolivia has recently passed laws regarding set personal limit use, but has not completely legalized it.[citation needed]

 Botswana

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Botswana
Cannabis (or dagga) is illegal.[31][32]

 Brazil

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Brazil
Since 2006, the possession of illegal drugs like cannabis (for personal consumption) entails a warning, community service and education on the effects of drug use. The same measures apply to the planting and/or preparation of small amounts of any illegal drug.

Selling and transportation of any illegal drugs, as well as the possession or cultivation of larger amounts is characterized as drug trafficking, a criminal act punished with 5 to 15 years in prison and a significant fine.[33]

 Bulgaria

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Bulgaria
Cannabis is classified as a class A (High-risk) drug, together with Heroin, Cocaine, Amphetamines and MDMA (ecstasy). Until 2004, a loosely defined "personal dose" existed.

 Burkina Faso

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Burundi

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Cambodia

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal (decriminalized)
Main article: Cannabis in Cambodia
While technically illegal, the use of cannabis is widespread among the Khmer people and foreigners visiting the country. Marijuana can easily be purchased and smoked in public areas without the threat of arrest. Many "Happy" restaurants located in Phnom Penh, Siem Reap and Sihanoukville publicly offer food cooked with marijuana, or as a side garnish.[34][35]

 Cameroon

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Canada

 Illegal (legal for medicinal use) Illegal
(regulated by some cities)		 Illegal Illegal (Small amounts of plants tolerated)
Main article: Cannabis in Canada
Legal with government issued licence for medical or industrial purposes. On April 20, 2016, Health Minister Jane Philpott announced that new legislation would be introduced in spring 2017 to legalize and regulate marijuana.[36] See Legislation: "Controlled Drugs and Substances Act"[37]

 Chad

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Chile

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal (medical use only) Illegal (medical use only) Legal[38]
Main article: Cannabis in Chile
In 2005, Law 20.000 formally decriminalised private and personal cannabis use.[39] Since 2014, Chile allows the cultivation of cannabis for medical purposes with the authorization of The Chilean Agriculture Service (SAG).[40]

Cultivation of marijuana, personal or collective, is legal in Chile. The Supreme Court ruled in 2015.[41][42][43] Sale of marijuana-derived medication is allowed on prescription in pharmacies, from December 2015.[44]

Currently in 2016, a regulation bill which will allow Chileans to grow small amounts of marijuana for medical, recreational or spiritual use has been approved by the country's lower house of Congress.[45][46]

 People's Republic of China

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal[47]

 Colombia

 Legal for up to 22 grams for personal use. No limit for medical or scientific purpose, and if licensed by the "National Anti-narcotics Council" Legal for medical and scientific use only Legal for medical and scientific use only Legal up to 20 plants for personal consumption. No limit for medical or scientific use, and if licensed by the "National Anti-narcotics Council"
Main article: Cannabis in Colombia
Since 1994, cannabis has been legalized for possession of small amounts up to 22 grams for personal consumption. In 2016, The Supreme Court of Justice stated that someone who is caught with a greater amount than the statutory limit cannot be criminally prosecuted if it is found that the person carries the substance to satisfy their own consumption needs.[48] It is legal to possess up to 20 plants for personal consumption.[49][50][51]

 Comoros

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Comoros
Cannabis was legal during the Comorian historical period between January 1975 and May 1978, when president Ali Soilih legalized cannabis consumption among other measures.[52][53]

 Costa Rica

 Illegal (decriminalized)[54] [55] Illegal Illegal Illegal (decriminalized)
Main article: Cannabis in Costa Rica
Some interpret the law to say cannabis is illegal, but there is a high tolerance of smoking marijuana throughout the country.[54] A decriminalization system is de facto implemented, since police officers do not detain people carrying enough for only personal consumption, yet no amount has been defined as a minimum for possession. The usage of cannabis in Costa Rica is very high.[55]

 Croatia

 Illegal (decriminalized)[56] (medical use only)[57] Illegal (medical use only)[57] Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Croatia
From 2013, the possession of small amount of marijuana and other light drugs is a misdemeanor which leads to a fine of 5000–20000kn ($800–3500) depending on the case in question.

In 2015, the Ministry of Health officially legalized the use of cannabis-based drugs for medical purposes for patients with illnesses such as cancer, multiple sclerosis, or AIDS.[58]

 Cyprus

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal (decriminalized for some farms to grow Hemp)
Main article: Cannabis in Cyprus
Class B substance – life imprisonment is possible for use and maximum 8 years for possession (at the maximum two years for the first offence for under 25-year-olds).[59]

 Cuba

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Czech Republic

 Illegal (possession of up to 10g decriminalized) Sale of medical cannabis legal, otherwise sale illegal) Illegal (up to 15g decriminalized/Medical subject to license legal) Illegal (cultivation of up to 5 bushes decriminalized/cultivation for medical purposes subject to license legal)
Main article: Cannabis in Czech Republic
Since 2010 possession of up to fifteen grams for personal use or cultivation of up to five plants is a misdemeanor subject to minor fine - mostly not enforced. Popular destination for smokers.[60][61]

Medical use of cannabis on prescription has been legal and regulated since 2013.[62][63]

 Denmark

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Denmark
As with all drugs, cannabis-related offences are punishable by a fine or imprisonment for up to 2 years[64] Freetown Christiania, a self-declared autonomous region, is known for its cannabis trade.

 Djibouti

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Dominica

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Dominica
Class B drug to cultivate, sell or possess[65]

 Ecuador

 Illegal (decriminalized) up to 10 grams Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Ecuador
As defined by Law 108, possession of small amounts of cannabis is decriminalized.[66][67][68] Possession of under 10 grams is considered personal use and it is not punished.[69]

 Egypt

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Egypt
Although technically illegal, use is widespread and part of every day culture. Convictions for personal use are very rare.[70] Formerly a plant of high status with several documented medicinal uses in ancient times, cannabis was made illegal in 1925 with the League of Nations’ Geneva International Convention on Narcotic Control, and has been aggressively targeted at various points since then.[71]

 El Salvador

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Eritrea

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Estonia

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Estonia
Up to 7.5 grams is considered an amount for personal use, and is punished with a fine. Large amounts and distribution are criminal offences and punishable with a custodial sentence of up to 5 years.[72]

 Ethiopia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Ethiopia
Despite being the spiritual homeland of the Rastafari movement, possession of cannabis can result in up to 6 months imprisonment.[73]

 Fiji

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal


 Finland

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Finland
Since 2001 police in Finland only issues fines for personal possession; cultivation and distribution are criminalized.

As of 2014 a limited body of some 200 people are allowed to buy cannabis-derived pharmaceuticals from one of 27 apothecaries that have the permit to sell medicinal marijuana.[74][75]

 France

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in France
Cultivating, selling, owning or consuming cannabis is prohibited.[76] However, legislation permitting the sale of medications containing cannabis derivatives was enacted in June 2013.[77][78]

 Gabon

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Georgia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Germany

 Illegal
(Consumption is legal on the basis of it being considered self-harm)		 Illegal
(Legal if permission is given by "Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices")		 Illegal
(Legal if permission is given by "Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices")		 Illegal
(Legal if permission is given by "Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices")
Main article: Cannabis in Germany
The possession of cannabis is illegal, while consumption itself is legal on the basis of it being considered self-harm, which is not considered a crime. The possession of small amounts is prosecuted, but charges are virtually always dropped.

By January 2015, 241 patients have obtained permission for medical cannabis products from a pharmacy since 2008.[79] In mid 2016 around 5000 patients received cannabis products.[80]

On May 4, 2016 the Cabinet of Germany decided to approve the measure for legal cannabis for seriously ill patients who have consulted with a doctor and "have no therapeutic alternative". German Health Minister, Hermann Gröhe, presented the legal draft on the legalization of medical cannabis to the cabinet which is expected to take effect early 2017.[81][82][80][83][84]

 Ghana

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Guinea

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Guinea-Bissau

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Greece

 Illegal (but the amount of 0.5 grams or 1 pure/2 impure cannabis cigarettes decriminalised in court if made sure to be for personal use) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Greece
Possession or use of even small amounts is illegal in Greece, but if found to be for personal use it's decriminalized in court. Individuals are arrested, although rarely convicted by court. Possession of large quantities may lead to several years in prison.[85]

 Greenland

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Guatemala

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Guatemala
In 2016 a constitutional commission rejected proposals to legalize medical or recreational use of cannabis.[86][87]

 Guyana

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Guyana
Possession of 15 grams or over can result in charges of drug trafficking.[88]

 Haiti

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Honduras

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Honduras
The possession, sale, transportation and cultivation of cannabis is illegal in Honduras.[89]

 Hong Kong

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Hong Kong
The possession, sale, transportation, cultivation of cannabis is illegal under the Dangerous Drug Ordinance.[90] (Chapter 134 of the Law of Hong Kong)

 Hungary

 Illegal Illegal illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Hungary
There is no distinction in Hungarian law between illicit drugs according to dangers. Heroin use has the same legal consequences as cannabis use.[91]

 Iceland

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Iceland
Consumption is illegal even in small amounts. Possession, sale, transportation and cultivation could result in jail time. Possession is not strictly enforced. Heavy fines are given.[92]

 Indonesia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Indonesia
Minimum sentence of four years in prison (additional fines may apply) if caught in possession.[93] However, if the user voluntarily reports himself/herself to the police, or is reported by his/her family, the charges will be dropped in accordance to 2009 Narcotics Act, article 24 paragraph 2, 3, 4.

 India

 Illegal at the federal level.
Legal and/or tolerated in several states such as West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar, Orissa and the North East.		 Illegal at the federal level.
Legal and/or tolerated in several states such as West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar, Orissa and the North East.		 Illegal at the federal level.
Legal and/or tolerated in several states such as West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar, Orissa and the North East.		 Illegal at the federal level.
Legal and/or tolerated in several states such as West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar, Orissa and the North East.
Main article: Cannabis in India
Government-owned shops in holy cities like Varanasi and few other north Indian states sell cannabis in the form of bhang. Despite the high prevalent usage, cannabis remains illegal, but is rarely enforced and treated as low priority across India. Large tracts of cannabis grow unchecked in the wild in many parts of northern and southern India.[94] Many states such as West Bengal, Gujarat, Bihar, Orissa, Tripura, and the North East have their own laws allowing cannabis, locally known as ganja.

 Iran

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal Police won't deal with possession if less than 15 grams. If caught with more you'll get a fine of 10,000 Iranian Rials (US $1.25)for every gram.[citation needed]

 Iraq

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Ireland

 Illegal[95] Illegal[95] Illegal)[95] Illegal[95]
Main article: Cannabis in Ireland
The National Drugs Strategy of 2009–2016 did not favour decriminalising cannabis.[96] A new strategy is planned from 2017.[97] Cannabis-derived medicines may be licensed since 2014.[98][99] A review of policy on medicinal cannabis was announced in November 2016,[100] and a private member's bill to legalise it passed second stage in the Dáil in December 2016.[101][102][103]

 Israel

 Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal (legal for licensed medicinal providers)
Main article: Cannabis in Israel
Illegal for recreational use, but limited medical uses have been permitted since the 1990s.[104]

 Italy

 Illegal (decriminalized, legal for medical and religious usage) Illegal IlIegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Italy
Possession of small amounts for personal use is a misdemeanor subject to fines and the suspension of documents (passports and/or drivers licenses). The sale of cannabis products is illegal and punishable by imprisonment; cultivation is likewise punishable by imprisonment, even if in small amounts and for exclusive personal use. Licensed cultivation for medical and industrial use is strictly regulated.[105]

 Jamaica

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Legal
Main article: Cannabis in Jamaica
On 25 February 2015, the Jamaican House of Representatives passed a law decriminalizing possession of up to 2 ounces of cannabis. The new law includes provisions legalizing the cultivation for personal use of up to 5 plants, as well as setting up regulations for the cultivation and distribution of cannabis for medical, religious purposes and natural growth.[106]

 Japan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Japan
Restricted in 1948.[107] Use and possession are punishable by up to 5 years imprisonment and a fine. Cultivation, sale, and transport are punishable by up to 7 or 10 years imprisonment and a fine.[108]

 Jordan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Kazakhstan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Kenya

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal New York Economist Mwangi Mungai proposed a bill to be reviewed in parliament. Medical Marijuana and minimal possession of Marijuana was petitioned to be decriminalized. Bill proposes marijuana to be considered a taxable cash crop regulated by Ministry of Agriculture/ Ministry of Health.

 Kuwait

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Kyrgyzstan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Laos

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal As of 2009, a mandatory death penalty is applied for certain cases.[109][110]

 Latvia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Latvia
Cannabis is illegal in Latvia.[111] Possession of larger quantities can be punished with up to 15 years in prison. Possession of quantities up to 1 gram are fined up to 280 euro, for second offences within a year period criminal charges are applied.

 Lebanon

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Lebanon
Hashish banned in 1926;[112] cannabis cultivation banned in 1992.[113] Possession is illegal. However, large amounts are grown within the country and personal use, as long as not in public is not a major issue.[114]

 Lesotho

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Lesotho

 Liberia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Libya

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Lithuania

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Luxembourg

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Luxembourg
Transportation and consumption are illegal. Since 2001, decriminalized and prison penalty has been substituted by a monetary fine ranging from 250 to 2500 Euros.[115][116]

 Macau

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Macedonia

 Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Macedonia
If one possesses a larger amount, a jail sentence of anywhere from three months to five years may be given.[117]

Medical cannabis legalized in 2016.[118]

 Madagascar

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Madagascar

 Malaysia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Malaysia
Malaysian legislation provides for a mandatory death penalty for convicted drug traffickers. Individuals arrested in possession of 15 grams (1/2 ounce) of heroin or 200 grams (seven ounces) of marijuana are presumed by law to be trafficking in drugs.[119]

 Malawi

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Malawi
Cannabis is illegal in Malawi, but remains a popular drug and widely cultivated; Malawian cannabis is famed internationally for its quality.[120] Chamba is grown mainly in central and northern regions like Mzuzu.[121]

 Mali

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Malta

 Illegal (decriminalized up to 3.5g) Illegal Illegal Illegal (Cultivation of a cannabis plant for personal use will no longer be punishable by a mandatory prison sentence or suspended sentence specialized doctors will be allowed to prescribe medical cannabis)
Main article: Cannabis in Malta
As of 2015, simple possession is decriminalized, but remains an arrestable offense for the police purpose of collecting intelligence about drug trafficking.[122][123]

 Mauritania

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Mexico

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Illegal (decriminalized)
Main article: Cannabis in Mexico
On 21 August 2009 Mexico decriminalized "personal use" possession of up to five grams of Cannabis.[124]
In November 2015, the Supreme Court ruled that four individuals from the Mexican Society for Responsible and Tolerant Personal Use would be permitted to grow and smoke their own marijuana. The court voted 4-1 that prohibiting people from growing the drug for consumption was unconstitutional as it violated the human right to the free development of one's personality.[125]

 Moldova

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Moldova
Simple drug use is not a crime in the Republic of Moldova, but it is an administrative offence according to Article 85 of the Administrative Offences Code passed in 2008. The illegal purchase or possession of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances in small amounts without the purpose of distribution, as well as their consumption without a medical prescription, are sanctioned with a fine of up to three conventional units or with community service of up to 40 hours.

 Mongolia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Montenegro

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal [126]

 Morocco

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Morocco
Cannabis in Morocco has been illegal since the nation's independence in 1957, reaffirmed by a total ban on drugs in 1974, but is partially tolerated in the country, where it has been cultivated for centuries and is still among the world's top producers of hashish.

 Mozambique

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Myanmar

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Namibia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Namibia
Cannabis is illegal; in 2007 the government proposed but declined a 20-year jail sentence for any drug possession.

   Nepal

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Nepal
All cannabis licenses canceled in 1973.[7] Despite being illegal, cannabis is cheap and widely available in Nepal, and the police have little-to-no interest in cannabis-related issues.[127]

 Netherlands

 Decriminalised for possession of up to 5 grams (in case of a police control it is still confiscated), for public use and for use in 'coffeeshops' Decriminalized for 'coffeeshops' Illegal (unenforced for 'coffeeshops', but enforced for growers who distribute to shops) Illegal (decriminalized up to 5 plants, plants are generally still destroyed.)
Main article: Cannabis in the Netherlands
Personal possession has been decriminalized since 1976, and cannabis products are only sold openly in certain local "coffeeshops".[128][129][130]

 New Zealand

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
See also: Cannabis in New Zealand
Banned in 1927.[131] Cultivation, possession and sale of cannabis is illegal.[132]

 Nicaragua

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Niger

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Nigeria

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Nigeria

 North Korea

 Un­known Un­known Un­known Un­known
Main article: Cannabis in North Korea
There are conflicting reports on the legal status of cannabis in North Korea. Multiple reports from defectors and tourists claim there is no law regarding the possession of cannabis (as a result, it is not classified as a drug) in North Korea or if there is, it is mostly unenforced. However, other reports claim that cannabis is definitely illegal.[133]

 Northern Mariana Islands

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in the Northern Mariana Islands
A legalization bill failed in 2010.[134]

 Norway

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Norway
Up to 15 grams is considered an amount for personal use, and is punished with a fine in the case of first-time offenders; possessing more is punished more harshly.

 Oman

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Pakistan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Pakistan

The use of cannabis is prohibited in Pakistan, however the smoking of hashish in Peshawar and the northern parts of Pakistan tends to be tolerated. One may be sent to jail for up to six months if found with charas in other parts of the country.[135]

 Palau

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Palau

 Panama

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Panama
Law 14 of 19 May 2016 regulates the use of controlled substances for medical ends.[136]

 Papua New Guinea

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Papua New Guinea

 Paraguay

 Illegal (decriminalized up to 10 grams) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Paraguay
In Paraguay, Law N° 1.340 (Art. 30), exempted from punishment those in possession of a maximum of 10 grams of marijuana for personal consumption.[137][138]

 Peru

 Illegal (decriminalized up to 8 grams) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Peru
Possession is decriminalized Art. 299 of the Criminal Code. Possession of under 8 grams is considered personal use and it is not punished.[139][140][141][142]

Illegal: Cultivation, production or sell is punished with 8 to 15 years in prison.[143][144]

 Philippines

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in the Philippines
Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, makes provision for restricted medical use.[145]

 Poland

 Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal (legal for medicinal use only) Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Poland
On 26 May 2011, Poland introduced legislation that would give prosecutors the option to not prosecute for possession of small quantities of cannabis for personal use, if it is a first offence, or if the person is drug dependent.[146] The legislation raised the maximum possible penalty for placing a large number of drugs from 10 to 12 years in prison. However, for possession of large quantities of drugs would result up to 10 years in prison (previously up to 8 years).[147]

 Portugal

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal (decriminalized)
Main article: Cannabis in Portugal
In 2001, Portugal became the first country in the world to decriminalize the use of all drugs, and started treating drug users as sick people, instead of criminals, although one can be arrested or assigned mandatory rehab if caught several times in possession. See Drug policy of Portugal.[148]

 Puerto Rico

 Illegal (medical use only) Illegal (medical use only) Illegal (medical use only) Illegal (medical use only)
Main article: Cannabis in Puerto Rico
In 2015 the Governor of Puerto Rico signed a executive order to legalize cannabis for medicinal use only.[149]

 Qatar

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Qatar

 Romania

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Romania
Romania was (before 1990) a leader in hemp fiber, second only to China. Possession of small quantities of drug preparations is punishable by a large fine for first offenders, 6 months to 2 years in prison if the person has been convicted before. Possession of large amounts or trafficking is punishable by 2–7 years of jail time.[150] Decriminalization proposed.[151] Medical cannabis legalized in 2013.[152][153]

 Russia

 Illegal (decriminalized), possession of quantities of up to 6 grams Illegal Illegal (decriminalized), transport of quantities of up to 6 grams Illegal (decriminalized), cultivation of up to 20 plants[citation needed]
Main article: Cannabis in Russia
Possession of under 6 grams of cannabis or two grams of hashish is an administrative rather than criminal infraction.[154]

 Rwanda

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Samoa

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Saudi Arabia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Saudi Arabia
Use and possession for personal use of any kind of recreational drugs is punishable by imprisonment if caught. Imprisonment for personal use could go up to six months jail time or more. Dealing and smuggling of high amounts of drugs usually result in harsher prison time or even execution, although recently executions are rare. Foreigners who use drugs might be deported.[155]

 Senegal

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Serbia

 Illegal [156] Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Serbia
Possession is punishable by a fine or by imprisonment of up to 3 years. Sale and transport are punishable by imprisonment from 3 to 12 years. Cultivation is punishable by imprisonment from 6 months to 5 years. Higher penalties for organized crime.[157]

 Sierra Leone

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Sierra Leone
Cannabis banned in 1920.[158]

 Singapore

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Singapore
Cannabis is a Class A drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act, making it illegal to cultivate, sell or possess. Those who are caught with 15g of cannabis or more, are presumed as drug traffickers, and are punished with mandatory death penalty.[159]

 Slovakia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Slovakia
Possession or use of small amounts of Cannabis (or only 1 joint) is punishable by up to eight years in prison.[160][161] In April 2012, The Wall Street Journal reported that Robert Fico, the incoming Slovak prime minister, might push for partial legalisation of Cannabis possession, and has argued for the legalisation of possession of up to three doses of Cannabis for personal use.[161]

 Slovenia

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Cannabis cultivation is not illegal for cannabis growers, growing cannabis with ≤ 0.2 % THC on a ≤ 0.1 ha surface, or ≥ 0.1 ha surface with a governmental permit for cannabis cultivation.[162]
Main article: Cannabis in Slovenia
Cannabis-based drugs are legal for medical use, but not cannabis itself.[163][164] Possession of any drug for personal use is decriminalized.[165]

 Somalia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 South Africa

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in South Africa
Illegal since 1922.[166][167]

 South Korea

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal Personal use is prosecuted [168]

 Spain

 Legal (Private areas only, illegal in public areas (decriminalized), offenders receive an administrative fine.) Possession of more than 70/100gr. (depending on the autonomous community) is considered as possession with the intention of trafficking.[169] Technically illegal, but Cannabis can be acquired in private smoker/cannabis clubs.[170] Selling itself it's punished by prison in all the ways, even for first offenders. Illegal (decriminalized) Legal (Only for own consumption. If the plants are located somewhere visible from the street/public place, it's an administrative offense[171])
Main article: Cannabis in Spain
Sale and importation of any quantity of cannabis is a criminal offence, punishable by jail time. The purchase, possession and consumption of cannabis in a public place constitutes a misdemeanour and punishable by a fine and confiscation of the product. Consumption and cultivation by adults in a private space is legal, the latter due to a legal vacuum. Cannabis plants that are located somewhere visible from the street/public place (ie. from balconies) are considered a serious administrative offense, which leads to a fine from 601 to 30.000€.[172][173] About 500 private "cannabis clubs" exist in Spain, 200 of them in Barcelona, and Spain is spoken of as the "new Amsterdam," a destination for marijuana tourists.[170] All actions related to cannabis apart from sale or trade aren't considered criminal offenses,[174] and normally are misdemeanors punishable by a fine.[175]

 Sri Lanka

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Sri Lanka
Cannabis is illegal in Sri Lanka though it is commonly used in Ayurvedic traditional medicines.[176]

 Sudan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Suriname

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Suriname
Cannabis was banned in Suriname in the early 20th century, having been popularized there by Asian immigrants.[177]

 Swaziland

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Swaziland

 Sweden

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Sweden
It is illegal to sell, transfer, purchase, use or possess any quantity of cannabis in Sweden. Social stigmatisation through social rejection and exclusion from the labourmarket and social services are the most common sanctions in matters regarding personal use. The national police runs a "disturb and annoy" program aimed at users supported by the national "zero tolerance" policy. .[178][179]

 Swaziland

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Swaziland


  Switzerland

 Illegal (decriminalized) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Switzerland
Since 2012, possession of 10 grams or less is decriminalized to a fine.[180]

 Syria

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Syria
Under the policies of the government of Bashar al-Assad, many cannabis offences, from simple use to trafficking, reportedly often carried a sentence of life imprisonment. As the country has become destabilised as a result of civil war, people living in areas controlled by Kurdish separatists have begun growing cannabis as a way of making money to fight poverty.[181]

 Taiwan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Taiwan
Cannabis is a schedule 2 narcotic in the ROC, and possession can result in up to three years imprisonment.[182]

 Tajikistan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Tanzania

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Thailand

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Thailand

According to the Thailand Narcotics Act, B.E. 2522 (1979), possession, cultivation, and transport (import/export) of up to 10 kg cannabis may result in a maximum sentence of 5 years in prison and/or a fine. Possession, cultivation, and transport of more than 10 kg is punishable by 2–15 years in prison and/or a fine. For the majority of people arrested for simple possession of small quantities of cannabis ("ganja") a fine, rather than prison time, is imposed. Narcotics police in Thailand currently view methamphetamines (ice and "ya ba") as a more serious issue.[183]

 Togo

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Tonga

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Trinidad and Tobago

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal Banned in 1925.[184]

 Tunisia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Tunisia
Banned in 1953.[185] Using or possessing entails 1–5 years of imprisonment + 1000-3000 dinars (around 500$-1500$).[186][187][188]

 Turkey

 Illegal (medical use only) Illegal Illegal Legal for medicinal and scientific purposes.[189]
Main article: Cannabis in Turkey
The cultivation of marijuana is legal in 19 provinces in Turkey for medicincal and scientific purposes. However, with permission this can also be conducted in other provinces too.[190] Consuming any drug (personal use or not) is illegal and requires juridical process. Possessing, purchasing or receiving any illegal drug, including Cannabis, is punishable by 1–2 years in prison; there is also the option of treatment and/or probation for up to three years. If users refuse treatment or do not comply with probation requirements, the courts can decide on sentencing.[191] Sale and supply is punishable by a prison term of 5–10 years, and production or trafficking by a minimum term of 10 years.[191]

 Turkmenistan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Tuvalu

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Uganda

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Ukraine

 Illegal (decriminalized possession of quantities of up to 5 grams) Illegal Illegal (decriminalized possession of quantities of up to 5 grams) Illegal (decriminalized up to 10 plants) [192]

 United Arab Emirates

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in the United Arab Emirates
Even the smallest amounts of the drug can lead to a mandatory four-year prison sentence.[193][194]

 United Kingdom

 Illegal (a warning may be given for posession under an ounce) Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in the United Kingdom
Banned in 1928,[195] made a Class B drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971[196]

 United States

 Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level in Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon and Washington[197] and in Washington, D.C.; decriminalized in 18 states, medicinal legal in 25 states and Guam. All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation.) Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level with a state issued license in Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon and Washington. Legal medicinal sales in several additional states.[198] All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation. ) Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level within the states of Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon and Washington. Legal for medicinal patients in several additional states. All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation.) Illegal at the federal level (but legal at the state level for individuals/commercial in Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada and Oregon, individual but not commercial in Washington, D.C., and only commercially in Washington. Medicinal growing is legal in several states as well. All Indian Reservations are allowed to regulate cannabis laws; laws vary by reservation.)
Main articles: Legal history of marijuana in the United States and Legality of cannabis by US state

Laws vary by state, Territory, Indian Reservation, and Washington, DC. Federal law classifies cannabis as a Schedule I substance, the same classification as heroin. The United States Supreme Court has ruled in Gonzales v. Raich that the federal government has the power to regulate and criminalize cannabis, even for medical purposes. The Department of Justice recently allowed recognized Indian reservations to regulate marijuana within their reservation.[199] However, despite the Department of Justice stating that federally recognized Indian reservations have the right to regulate cannabis on their land, the Department of Justice's agency, the Drug Enforcement Administration has been raiding and/or destroying cannabis crops on several reservations creating a double standard among U.S. enforcement agencies.[200]

 Uruguay

 Legal Legal Legal Legal
Main article: Cannabis in Uruguay

José Mujica has fully legalized any use of Cannabis in Uruguay; law does not specify quantity for "personal amount".[201] As of 10 December 2013, the House of Representatives and Senate passed a bill legalizing and regulating the production and sale of the drug. The new law says that buyers must be 18 or older, residents of Uruguay, and must register with the authorities. Authorities will grow the cannabis that can be sold legally.[202][203][204]

 Uzbekistan

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Uzbekistan
Opiates, cannabis and other plants containing psychotropic substances are illegal.[205]

 Venezuela

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in Venezuela
As of 15 September 2010 possession of up to 20 grams of Marijuana or 5 grams of genetically modified Marijuana, if proven not to be for medical or personal consumption, is punishable by 1 to 2 years in prison at judge's discretion. If deemed to be for personal consumption, the user is subject to security measures involving rehabilitation and detoxification procedures. Articulos 131 y 153 de la Ley Organica de Drogas.[206]

 Vietnam

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal [207]

 U.S. Virgin Islands

 Illegal (decriminalized), possession of quantities of up to an ounce Illegal Illegal Illegal
Main article: Cannabis in the United States Virgin Islands
In 2014 the governor of the U.S. Virgin Islands approved a bill that decriminalized possession of marijuana up to an ounce.[208]

 Yemen

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Zambia

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal

 Zimbabwe

 Illegal Illegal Illegal Illegal [209][210]
Country/Territory Possession Sale Transport Cultivation Notes

See also

References

  1. ^ "W.W. WILLOUGHBY: OPIUM AS AN INTERNATIONAL PROBLEM, BALTIMORE, THE JOHNS HOPKINS PRESS, 1925". Druglibrary.org. Retrieved 9 March 2011.
  2. ^ Supreme Court. GONZALES V. RAICH (2008). Cornell Law School.
  3. ^ Office of Public Affairs (19 October 2009). "Attorney General announces formal medical marijuana guidelines". U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
  4. ^ The Federal Ban on Medical Marijuana Was Not Lifted
  5. ^ "Seven Countries You Don't Want to Get Caught With Drugs In". The Good Drugs Guide. 21 March 2009. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  6. ^ Johnny Green (pseud.), ed. (10 April 2012). "Toughest Marijuana Laws Around the World". The Weed Blog. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
  7. ^ a b Martin Booth (30 September 2011). Cannabis: A History. Transworld. pp. 325–. ISBN 978-1-4090-8489-1.
  8. ^ Growing marijuana is an increasing regional problem, SETimes.com, 7 August 2012, retrieved 18 April 2013
  9. ^ Report Says Albania Cannabis Growth Mounting, balkaninsight.com, 7 March 2013, retrieved 18 April 2013
  10. ^ Albanian Police Seize Cannabis Shipment, balkaninsight.com
  11. ^ "Cannabis Resin Seizures in Algeria". Havocscope. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  12. ^ TNI. "Argentina - Drug Law Reform in Latin America". Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  13. ^ Por primera vez una provincia argentina habilitó el uso de marihuana medicinal
  14. ^ Es Ley el uso medicinal del aceite de cannabis
  15. ^ "Australia's cannabis laws". The Age. Melbourne. 23 May 2003.
  16. ^ a b NCPIC Cannabis and the Law Factsheet, ncpic.org.au
  17. ^ "Medical marijuana is now legal in Australia". Business Insider Australia. 24 February 2016.
  18. ^ "Medicinal cannabis legalised in Victoria, child epilepsy patients to be given access from 2017". ABC News. 12 April 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2016.
  19. ^ "Medicinal cannabis now legally available in NSW". The New Daily. 1 August 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  20. ^ "Medicinal marijuana to become legal to grow in Australia — but how will it work?". ABC News. 30 October 2016. Retrieved 1 November 2016.
  21. ^ Suchtmittelgesetz §27, Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundeskanzleramts, retrieved 17 May 2009
  22. ^ "Drug Abuse: Where is The Way of Remedy? (Part II- Some Dangerous Silent Killers)". DhakaInsider. 20 June 2014. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
  23. ^ Narcotics Control Act, 1990, Government of Bangladesh.
  24. ^ Dhaka, Bangladesh: webehigh, webehigh, retrieved 5 December 2015
  25. ^ Police fdrale - CGPR Webteam. "Federale politie - Police fdrale". Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  26. ^ Cannabis legal status vault – Belgium, Erowid.org, retrieved 17 February 2011
  27. ^ Hubbard, Kirsten. "Drug Laws and Penalties in Central America". About.com. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
  28. ^ Adele (20 February 2016). "Laws in the works for marijuana decriminalization | Amandala Newspaper". Amandala.com.bz. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
  29. ^ "Bhutan" (PDF). UNODC: South Asia Regional Profile. September 2005.
  30. ^ Bosnia Today. "Bosnia to legalize medical marijuana this year - Bosnia Today". Bosniatoday.ba. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
  31. ^ Drugs and related substances act no. 18 of 1992 (PDF), Government of Botswana, retrieved 3 October 2013
  32. ^ Is dagga the healing of a nation?, Sunday Standard, retrieved 3 October 2013
  33. ^ Law 11.343, planalto.gov.br
  34. ^ Cannabis Cambodia: smoker's paradise, Cannabisculture.com, 1 November 1998, retrieved 17 February 2011
  35. ^ Happy Restaurants (sic) in Sihanoukville, GoSihanoukville.com, retrieved 17 February 2011
  36. ^ Federal marijuana legislation to be introduced in spring 2017, Philpott says, CBC News, 20 April 2016, retrieved 20 April 2016
  37. ^ Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, retrieved 1 October 2011
  38. ^ "INSTRUCTIVO-PARA-ACREDITAR-EL-USO-MEDICINAL-DEL-CANNABIS-FRENTE-A-PROCEDIMIENTOS-POLICIALES" (PDF) (in European Spanish). Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  39. ^ TNI. "Chile - Drug Law Reform in Latin America". Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  40. ^ "Chile plants cannabis for medicinal use". BBC News. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  41. ^ "El cultivo colectivo de Cannabis, legal en Chile". Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  42. ^ "Autocultivo de marihuana es legal en Chile - Delaferia". Delaferia. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  43. ^ "Ana María Gazmuri: "En Chile hoy en día el autocultivo es legal"" (in European Spanish). 24 August 2015. Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  44. ^ Grupo Copesa (20 October 2015). "En diciembre estaría autorizada la venta de medicamentos con cannabis en farmacias". Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  45. ^ "Chile lawmakers approve marijuana decriminalisation bill". BBC News. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  46. ^ Aftab Ali (8 July 2015). "Chile cannabis decriminalisation: Lawmakers move to let people grown their own marijuana". The Independent. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  47. ^ Chen, J.; Li, Y.; Otto, J.M. (2002). Implementation of Law in the People's Republic of China. The London Leiden Series on Law. Springer Netherlands. p. 202. ISBN 978-90-411-1834-9.
  48. ^ "Drogas: la dosis mínima ya no será tan mínima". Semana.com. 14 March 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  49. ^ LEY 30 DE 1986, alcaldiabogota.gov.co, 31 January 1986
  50. ^ "Colombia Just Legalized Medical Marijuana". BuzzFeed. 22 December 2015. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
  51. ^ "DECRETO NÚMERO 2467 DE 2015" (PDF). Ministry of Health and Social Protection (Colombia). 22 December 2015. Retrieved 22 December 2015.
  52. ^ Dossiers sur les 30 Chefs d'Etat ou de Gouvernements tuésTemplate:Fr
  53. ^ Transition, 73 – The Mercenary Position, jstor.org
  54. ^ a b Chinchilla ve complicado legalizar la marihuana – EL PAÍS – La Nación, Nacion.com, 24 August 2010, retrieved 17 February 2011
  55. ^ a b Marijuana in Costa Rica: Laws, History and Potential, The Costa Rica News, 18 December 2015, retrieved 30 December 2015
  56. ^ "Zakon o suzbijanju zlouporabe droga" (in Croatian). Retrieved July 2013. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  57. ^ a b Croatia Legalises Marijuana for Medical Use, Balkan Insight, 2016, retrieved 27 July 2016
  58. ^ http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/croatia-first-balkan-county-to-legalize-medical-marijuana-10-15-2015-1 {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  59. ^ "Overviews of legal topics: possession of cannabis for personal use". EMCDDA. Retrieved 26 July 2015.
  60. ^ The Next Amsterdam – Culture Magazine, Ireadculture.com, retrieved 14 December 2011
  61. ^ Carney, Sean (8 December 2009), Wall Street Journal. Czech Govt Allows 5 Cannabis Plants For Personal Use From 2010. 8th December 2009, Blogs.wsj.com, retrieved 17 February 2011
  62. ^ "Czech Republic Pharmacies Began Selling Medical Cannabis". The420times.com. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
  63. ^ "Czech Republic Legalizes Medical Marijuana Use". Huffingtonpost.com. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
  64. ^ Denmark marijuana laws – cannabis growing and marijuana seeds, 1stmarijuanagrowerspage.com, retrieved 17 February 2011
  65. ^ Drugs (Prevention of Misuse) Act, Chapter 40:07 (PDF), retrieved 17 February 2011
  66. ^ Ecuador, Drug Law Reform in Latin America, retrieved 31 January 2011
  67. ^ Law 108 – Ecuador (PDF), retrieved 31 January 2011
  68. ^ US Embassy, Ecuador – Information for American Citizens (PDF), retrieved 31 January 2011
  69. ^ [1] Archived 2 August 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  70. ^ Lama Hasan (5 May 2010), Egypt's Pot Problem? A Marijuana Shortage, ABC News, retrieved 31 January 2011
  71. ^ Seshata, Cannabis in Egypt, The Sensi Seed Bank, retrieved 20 January 2014
  72. ^ Europe Guide : Maps of Europe by language, religion, population density, hair and eye color, etc, Eupedia.com, 19 April 1994, retrieved 17 February 2011
  73. ^ US warns American Rastas about Ethiopian laws, iol.co.za, 29 January 2005, retrieved 8 October 2011
  74. ^ "Nämä 27 apteekkia ovat myyneet lääkekannabista". Itä-Savo. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  75. ^ Lääkekannabiksen käyttö puhuttaa | Turku, yle.fi, 30 March 2010, retrieved 17 February 2011
  76. ^ Code de la santé publique (in French), Legifrance.gouv.fr, 29 July 2004, retrieved 17 February 2011
  77. ^ Marie Jamet (6 November 2013). "Legalising or decriminalizing cannabis in France: not that easy". Euronews. Retrieved 15 December 2013.
  78. ^ Ann Törnkvist (10 June 2013). "French law on pot-based medicine takes effect". The Local. Retrieved 15 December 2013.
  79. ^ 241 Patienten haben bisher eine Ausnahmeerlaubnis zur Verwendung von Cannabisblüten aus der Apotheke erhalten, cannabis-med.org, retrieved 17 February 2015
  80. ^ a b Kade, Claudia. "Ab 2017 gibt es Cannabis auf Kassenrezept". Die Welt. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  81. ^ Berlinger, Joshua. "Germany to legalize medicinal marijuana by 2017". CNN. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  82. ^ "Germany to legalise cannabis for medicinal purposes". The Telegraph. 3 May 2016. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  83. ^ "Cannabis als Medizin". Bundesministerium für Gesundheit. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  84. ^ "Cannabis auf Kassenkosten". Tagesschau. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  85. ^ Ελληνική νομοθεσία για κάνναβη (Greek Law on cannabis) (in Greek), mastouria.informe.com, 27 May 2007, retrieved 10 August 2011
  86. ^ Milena Lopez. "Comisión Rechaza Uso Medicinal De La Marihuana En Guatemala". Tn8.tv. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
  87. ^ Juan Toro. "Guatemala: Rechazan uso de marihuana medicinal - Cluster Salud, La Industria de la vida". Clustersalud.americaeconomia.com. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
  88. ^ "Rastafarian community protests against 'unjust' marijuana laws". Stabroek News. Retrieved 6 December 2015.
  89. ^ LEY SOBRE USO INDEBIDO Y TRAFICO ILICITO DE DROGAS Y SUSTANCIAS PSICOTROPICAS
  90. ^ Information on the official web site of the Hong Kong Police Force, Police.gov.hk, retrieved 14 December 2011
  91. ^ Minstrel, Társaság a Szabadságjogokért: Drogjog 1999VOTED VOTE D2ID : 62, Daath.hu, retrieved 17 February 2011
  92. ^ Lög um ávana- og fíkniefni 1974 nr. 65 21. maí, www.althingi.is, retrieved 9 February 2009
  93. ^ "Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika" (PDF). BNN RI. Retrieved 3 May 2013.
  94. ^ panchal, arjuna (8 November 2015). "Starting the day with the cup that kicks". gujrat: Hindustan Times. Retrieved 24 March 2008. At seven in the morning, people begin slowly trooping into government-run original bhang shops in the district for the drink, made from the leaves of cannabis that grows wild in many parts of gujrat India.
  95. ^ a b c d "Drug offences". Dublin: Citizens Information Board. 20 July 2016. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  96. ^ "National Drugs Strategy (interim) 2009-2016" (PDF). Official publications. Department of Community, Rural and Gaeltacht Affairs. June 2009. p. 26, sec.2.49. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  97. ^ "Minister Catherine Byrne TD announces a Public Consultation on the New National Drugs Strategy" (Press release). Ireland: Department of Health. 6 September 2016. Retrieved 5 December 2016. {{cite press release}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  98. ^ "Medicinal Products Availability: : Written answers". Dáil Éireann debates. KildareStreet.com. 26 October 2016. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  99. ^ "S.I. No. 323/2014 - Misuse of Drugs (Amendment) Regulations 2014". Irish Statute Book. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  100. ^ Harris, Simon (10 November 2016). "Joint Oireachtas Committee on Health: Quarterly Update On Health Issues: Discussion". Oireachtas Joint and Select Committees proceedings. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  101. ^ "Cannabis for Medicinal Use (Regulations) Bill 2016: Second Stage [Private Members]". Dáil debates. kildarestreet.com. 1 December 2016. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  102. ^ "Medicinal cannabis bill passes Dáil without vote". RTE.ie. 1 December 2016. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  103. ^ "Cannabis for Medicinal Use Regulation Bill 2016 Bill 2016 [PMB]". Bills. Oireachtas. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  104. ^ Cannabis legal status vault – Israel, Erowid.org, retrieved 17 February 2011
  105. ^ "linkonline.it". Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  106. ^ "Jamaica Lawmakers Decriminalize Small Amounts of 'Ganja'". ABC News. 25 February 2015. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
  107. ^ Minoru Shikita; Shinichi Tsuchiya (6 December 2012). Crime and Criminal Policy in Japan: Analysis and Evaluation of the Showa Era, 1926–1988. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 13–. ISBN 978-1-4612-2816-5.
  108. ^ Cannabis Control Law, japanhemp.org, retrieved 4 August 2015
  109. ^ Human Rights Watch (22 June 2009). "End the Death Penalty for Drug-Related Offenses". Cannabis Culture. Cannabis Culture Magazine. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
  110. ^ James Meikle (20 January 2010). "Briton returned to UK after Laos drug sentence loses battle to be freed". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
  111. ^ "Par Krimināllikuma spēkā stāšanās un piemērošanas kārtību" (in Latvian). likumi.lv. Retrieved 23 June 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  112. ^ Robert Connell Clarke (1998). Hashish!. Red Eye Press. ISBN 978-0-929349-05-3.
  113. ^ Réalités. Spectacle du monde. May 1996. p. 354. Les Américains ne lâchant pas prise, le gouvernement libanais interdisait officiellement la culture du pavot et du cannabis en 1992.
  114. ^ In Lebanon, a comeback for cannabis / The Christian Science Monitor, CSMonitor.com, 16 October 2007, retrieved 17 February 2011
  115. ^ "Art. 7 and Art. 8 refer to the usage of narcotics" (PDF), Excerpt of the "Mémorial A" of the Luxembourgish legislation
  116. ^ Joyce H. Lowinson (2005). Substance Abuse: A Comprehensive Textbook. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 31–. ISBN 978-0-7817-3474-5.
  117. ^ European Coalition for Just and Effective Drug Policies, Encod.org, retrieved 17 February 2011
  118. ^ "Macedonia: Parliament Legalizes Medical Marijuana". Eurasia Review.
  119. ^ Malaysia, Travel.state.gov, retrieved 17 February 2011
  120. ^ "AFRICA | Malawi Rastas' marijuana struggle". BBC News. 11 September 2000. Retrieved 20 April 2011.
  121. ^ "Marijuana Cultivation Increases in Malawi - New York Times". Nytimes.com. 17 December 1998. Retrieved 20 April 2011.
  122. ^ "New drugs reform law into force today– what has changed?". MaltaToday.com.mt. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
  123. ^ Neil Camilleri (17 March 2015). "Simple possession to remain an 'arrestable offence' - but only to fight drug trade – Bonnici - The Malta Independent". Independent.com.mt. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
  124. ^ "Mexico Legalizes Drug Possession". The New York Times. 21 August 2009. Retrieved 4 April 2010.
  125. ^ "Mexico court ruling could eventually lead to legal marijuana". BBC. 4 November 2015. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
  126. ^ Projekti – Zakonodavstvo, Stop drogama, retrieved 17 February 2011
  127. ^ "Kathmandu, Nepal", webehigh, retrieved 1 November 2016
  128. ^ Use drop-down menu on site to view Netherlands entry.), Eldd.emcdda.europa.eu, retrieved 17 February 2011
  129. ^ Drugs Policy in the Netherlands, Ukcia.org, retrieved 17 February 2011
  130. ^ "Amsterdam Will Ban Tourists from Pot Coffee Shops". Atlantic Wire. 27 May 2011. Retrieved 23 June 2011.
  131. ^ http://www.enzs.auckland.ac.nz/docs/1927/1927A018.pdf
  132. ^ Illicit Drugs - offences and penalties, New Zealand Government, retrieved 28 May 2016
  133. ^ Shearlaw, Maeve (13 May 2014). "Mythbusters: uncovering the truth about North Korea". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 June 2016.
  134. ^ "Weed Bill Would Legalize Use in US Commonwealth". CBS News. 3 November 2010. Retrieved 15 July 2015.
  135. ^ Cannabis legal status vault – Pakistan/Peshawar, Erowid.org
  136. ^ "Ley 14 si contempla y permite uso de marihuana para medicina" (in Template:Es icon). Critica. Retrieved 30 November 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  137. ^ TNI. "Paraguay - Drug Law Reform in Latin America". Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  138. ^ "En Paraguay, la posesión y consumo personal de la marihuana es legal". E'a. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  139. ^ "Modificando el Código Penal en materia de Tráfico Ilícito de Drogas". Instituto de Defensa Legal – Seguridad Ciudadana. Archived from the original on 15 October 2012.
  140. ^ "Ley Nº 28002" (PDF).
  141. ^ "Código Penal. Decreto Legislativo Nº 635".
  142. ^ Manuel Vigo. "Peru rules out proposals to legalize marijuana". Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  143. ^ "Legalización de la marihuana en Perú a debate". Peru21. 19 July 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  144. ^ TNI. "Peru - Drug Law Reform in Latin America". Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  145. ^ R.a. 9165, Lawphil.net, retrieved 17 February 2011
  146. ^ "Poland Approves Drug Decriminalization -- Sort Of". stopthedrugwar.org. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
  147. ^ Drugs in small quantity and for personal use with no punishment – Poland, Interia.pl, 26 May 2011, retrieved 29 May 2011
  148. ^ EMCDDA:Drug policy profiles, Portugal, Emcdda.europa.eu, 17 August 2011, retrieved 14 December 2011
  149. ^ Sifferlin, Alexandra (4 May 2015). "Puerto Rico Governor Signs Executive Order to Legalize Medical Marijuana". TIME. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
  150. ^ http://www.reporterntv.ro/stire/pedepsele-pentru-traficul-si-consumul-de-droguri-s-au-redus-totusi {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  151. ^ Raport pentru EBA: Comisia prezidenţială susţine dezincriminarea consumului de droguri şi sexul comercial, Antena3.ro, 22 September 2009, retrieved 17 February 2011
  152. ^ "Romania Legalizes Medical Marijuana, Becomes 10th EU Country To Permit Theraputic Use". Novinite. 6 October 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
  153. ^ "ANM: Nu avem nicio cerere de punere pe piaţă a canabisului medicinal; dacă ar fi, am aproba-o". Retrieved 3 October 2013.
  154. ^ USA. "Half a gram – a thousand lives". Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  155. ^ US Department of State – International Travel – Saudi Arabia, Travel.state.gov, retrieved 17 February 2011
  156. ^ Serbian Cannabis: Between Pain and the Law, VICE, 2016, retrieved 27 July 2016
  157. ^ Krivični zakonik (The Criminal Code), paragraf.rs, 2013, retrieved 17 February 2011
  158. ^ Emmanuel Akyeampong; Allan G. Hill; Arthur Kleinman (1 May 2015). The Culture of Mental Illness and Psychiatric Practice in Africa. Indiana University Press. pp. 39–. ISBN 978-0-253-01304-0.
  159. ^ Cannabis legal status vault – Singapore, Erowid.org, retrieved 17 February 2011
  160. ^ "High contrast". The Economist. London: Economist Newspaper. 26 August 2010. ISSN 0013-0613. OCLC 60625410. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
  161. ^ a b Rousek, Leos (3 April 2012). "Slovakia's Incoming Leftist Premier Wants to Relax Tough Cannabis Laws". The Wall Street Journal. New York, NY: Dow Jones. ISSN 0099-9660. OCLC 43638285. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
  162. ^ "Uradni list Republike Slovenije". Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  163. ^ "Slovenija dovolila uporabo konoplje v medicinske namene". Prvi interaktivni multimedijski portal, MMC RTV Slovenija. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  164. ^ "Uporaba konoplje v medicini". "NIJZ". Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  165. ^ "Zakon o proizvodnji in prometu s prepovedanimi drogami (ZPPPD)". "Uradni List". Retrieved 12 September 2015.
  166. ^ Martin Chanock (5 March 2001). The Making of South African Legal Culture 1902-1936: Fear, Favour and Prejudice. Cambridge University Press. pp. 94–. ISBN 978-0-521-79156-4.
  167. ^ Craig Paterson (2009). Prohibition & Resistance: A Socio-political Exploration of the Changing Dynamics of the Southern African Cannabis Trade, C. 1850 - the Present. Rhodes University.. Cited in http://mg.co.za/article/2014-07-04-00-for-our-love-of-dagga-we-go-to-court
  168. ^   (22 February 2016). "Canadian caught in South Korea growing marijuana in apartment". Koreaherald.com. Retrieved 23 November 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
  169. ^ "Somos Policías: Tenencia de drogas: ¿Consumo propio o tráfico ilícito?". Somos-policias.blogspot.com. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
  170. ^ a b "El 'boom' de clubs de cannabis atrae el turismo del porro a Barcelona," "La Vanguardia," January 19, 2014, http://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20140119/54399239955/boom-clubs-cannabis-turismo-porro-barcelona.html
  171. ^ Mac. "¿El auto cultivo de marihuana se despenaliza en España?". La Marihuana. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  172. ^ Javier González Granado. "cannabis.es - EL AUTOCULTIVO DE CANNABIS EN LA NUEVA LEY DE SEGURIDAD CIUDADANA". cannabis.es. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  173. ^ "Is Cannabis Legal in Spain?". Gospain.about.com. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
  174. ^ Mac. "Marihuana y su legalidad en España". La Marihuana. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  175. ^ "España endurece las leyes sobre el cannabis en plena corriente mundial por la despenalización". El Huffington Post. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  176. ^ Marijuana Should be Allowed; Sri Lanka Indigenous Medicine Minister Says :: NIDAHASA News, News.nidahasa.com, 2 July 2009, retrieved 17 February 2011
  177. ^ Rosemarijn Hoefte (1998). In Place of Slavery: A Social History of British Indian and Javanese Laborers in Suriname. University Press of Florida. pp. 160–. ISBN 978-0-8130-1625-2.
  178. ^ Swedish drug control FINAL_14feb_merged (PDF), retrieved 17 February 2011
  179. ^ RättsPM 2009:1 (PDF) (in Swedish), Åklagarmyndighetens Utvecklngscentrum, 2009
  180. ^ "FF 2012 7539" (PDF). Retrieved 16 November 2016.
  181. ^ Ahmad, Rozh (24 August 2012). "http://www.rudaw.net/english/news/syria/5123.html". Rudaw. Retrieved 17 December 2012. {{cite news}}: External link in |title= (help)
  182. ^ Cannabis legal status vault – Taiwan, Erowid.org, retrieved 1 November 2015
  183. ^ Eric Blair (2001), History of Marijuana Use and Anti-Marijuana Laws in Thailand, retrieved 27 August 2015
  184. ^ Axel Klein; Marcus Day; Anthony Harriott (13 November 2004). Caribbean Drugs: From Criminalization to Harm Reduction. Zed Books. pp. 58–. ISBN 978-1-84277-499-1.
  185. ^ United Nations. Commission on Narcotic Drugs (1949). Summary of Annual Reports of Governments Relating to Opium and Other Narcotic Drugs. TUNISIA 18. A Decree of 23 April 1953" (published in the Journal Officiel Tunisien of 28 April 1953) prohibits the cultivation of cannabis and the use of takrouri (cannabis) and specifies the conditions under which the ...
  186. ^ The Rough Guide to Tunisia – Daniel Jacobs, Peter Morris – Google grâmatas. Books.google.com. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
  187. ^ "Tunisia accuses 'missing' Maltese of smuggling cannabis". timesofmalta.com. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
  188. ^ http://www.legislation-securite.tn/ar/node/34556. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  189. ^ "Turkey legalises controlled cannabis production in 19 provinces". Retrieved 16 October 2016.
  190. ^ "Türkiye'de 19 ilde kenevir yasallaştı" (in Turkish). Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  191. ^ a b European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (31 January 2012), Country overview: Turkey, Lisbon: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, OCLC 527925326
  192. ^ Ответственность за выращивание конопли и хранение марихуаны, zakon-online.com.ua, 12 September 2012, retrieved 22 July 2014
  193. ^ "UAE Drug Laws". BBC News. 8 February 2008. Retrieved 17 February 2011.
  194. ^ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-512815/Briton-jailed-years-Dubai-customs-cannabis-weighing-grain-sugar-shoe.html
  195. ^ Paul Manning (11 January 2013). Drugs and Popular Culture. Routledge. pp. 136–. ISBN 978-1-134-01211-4.
  196. ^ "Drug Laws". United Kingdom Home Office. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
  197. ^ "Marijuana Laws Alaska".
  198. ^ "State Marijuana Laws Map". Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  199. ^ the D.O.J. allows indian reservations to grow and sell marijuana, nwherald.com, 12 December 2014, retrieved 24 December 2014
  200. ^ DEA indian cannabis raid double standard, alternet, retrieved 18 November 2015
  201. ^ Cannabis South American laws, Erowid.org, March 1995
  202. ^ "The experiment: Another blow against prohibition". The Economist. 1 August 2013.
  203. ^ "Uruguay becomes first country to legalize marijuana trade". Reuters. 10 December 2013.
  204. ^ "Uruguay marijuana sales delayed until 2015: president - AMERICAS". Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  205. ^ "Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan" (in Uzbek). The national database of legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
  206. ^ Ley Orgánica de Drogas – Sept.10 (PDF), retrieved 17 February 2011
  207. ^ Vietnam police seize eight tons of marijuana, The China Post, 16 May 2008, retrieved 17 February 2011
  208. ^ "U.S. Virgin Islands decriminalized marijuana". United States: Marijuana.com. 23 December 2014.
  209. ^ Zimbabwe: Police Intercept Four Tonnes of Marijuana, All Africa, 16 January 2013, retrieved 11 September 2013
  210. ^ Where marijuana is grown and smoked freely, News Day, 9 March 2013, retrieved 11 September 2013
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Legality_of_cannabis_by_country&oldid=753139144"